A self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations and a method of use, and relates to the technical field of heat damage prevention and disaster reduction in underground spaces and tunnel engineering. It includes a heat dissipation pipe, a heat absorption pipe and a connecting pipe that are connected end to end in sequence to form a connecting pipeline, and the ends of the heat dissipation pipe and the heat absorption pipe that are far away from each other are respectively provided with a heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve and a heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve, and a heat circulation fluid is provided between the heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve; the heat absorption pipe includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, the horizontal section is connected to the straight pipe section to form a horizontal part, and the vertical section is connected to the connecting pipe to form a vertical part. The horizontal part is arranged on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the vertical part goes deep into the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock. The present invention reduces the temperature of the rock mass around the tunnel support structure to an appropriate temperature, improves the service environment of the support structure, and increases the service life of the support structure. At the same time, the device can realize self-circulating cooling and reduce the cost of the tunnel operation period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heat damage prevention and mitigation in underground space and tunnel engineering, and in particular to a self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal strata and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of transportation infrastructure, tunnel construction has penetrated into areas with more complex geological conditions, especially at the junction of plates. Affected by the tectonic movement between plates, geothermal activity is abnormally significant, and high ground temperature has become an important factor affecting the safe construction and operation of tunnels. During tunnel construction, the support structure is in direct contact with the high-temperature rock mass, and it is inevitable that the support structure will fail and the support effect will be poor; during the operation period of the tunnel, the high ground temperature will cause temperature stress, which has a great impact on the bearing capacity and service life of the lining structure.

[0003] At present, some measures have been taken to deal with tunnels passing through high-temperature strata, such as setting up an insulation layer between the support structure and the high-temperature rock mass, strengthening ventilation and heat dissipation in the tunnel, and cooling the support structure with water. These measures can, to a certain extent, block the heat source and cool the tunnel, but the following technical problems still exist:

[0004] (1) The process of blocking heat transfer requires the collaboration of multiple devices, which requires continuous work during tunnel construction and operation, resulting in a huge waste of resources and high operating and maintenance costs.

[0005] (2) The existing measures are to insulate and cool the surface or interior of the support structure in the high-temperature rock mass, which cannot fundamentally create a suitable working environment for the tunnel support structure. The support structure in contact with the high-temperature rock mass will have local temperature differences as a whole. In the long run, the support structure faces the risk of new cracks and the tension and penetration of existing small cracks, threatening the safety of the tunnel during construction and operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-circulating cooling device and a method of use suitable for high geothermal strata, which can reduce the temperature of the rock mass around the tunnel support structure to an appropriate temperature, thereby improving the service environment of the support structure and increasing the service life of the support structure. At the same time, the device can achieve self-circulating cooling, reduce the cost of the tunnel operation period, and solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides a self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations.

[0009] A self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations, comprising a heat dissipation pipe, a heat absorption pipe and a connecting pipe which are sequentially connected end to end to form a connecting pipeline, wherein the ends of the heat dissipation pipe and the heat absorption pipe which are far from each other are respectively provided with a heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve and a heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve, and a heat circulation fluid is provided between the heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve;

[0010] Optionally, the heat absorption pipe includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, the horizontal section is connected to the straight pipe section to form a horizontal part, the vertical section is connected to the connecting pipe to form a vertical part, the horizontal part is arranged on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the vertical part penetrates into the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0011] Optionally, the heat dissipation pipe includes a straight pipe section, and the straight pipe section is exposed on the outside of the surrounding rock exposed by the tunnel excavation.

[0012] Optionally, the horizontal section and the vertical section are connected to form a bending section, and the bending section is adapted to a hole in the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0013] Optionally, the outer tube walls of the vertical section and the connecting tube are in contact with the hole wall, and a filling material is provided in the hole.

[0014] Optionally, the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock is sequentially provided with primary shotcrete and secondary lining concrete, and the straight pipe section is located outside the secondary lining concrete.

[0015] Optionally, a filling valve is provided on the straight pipe section of the heat dissipation pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the vertical portion is arranged to protrude relative to the horizontal portion.

[0017] Optionally, the heat circulating fluid absorbs the heat of the tunnel rock mass and vaporizes, changing from liquid to gas; the gaseous heat circulating fluid reaches the straight pipe section of the heat dissipation pipe to dissipate heat and liquefy, changing from gas to liquid again.

[0018] Optionally, in the initial state, the heat circulating fluid fills up the space between the one-way flow valve of the heat dissipation pipe and the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe, and overflows to the outside of the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations.

[0020] A method for using the self-circulating cooling device for high geothermal formations according to the first aspect comprises the following steps:

[0021] Positioning and drilling holes on the surrounding rock exposed during tunnel excavation;

[0022] Connect the filling valve to the filling pipe, and the heat circulating liquid is injected into the self-circulating cooling device through the filling valve until the space between the one-way flow valve of the heat dissipation pipe and the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe is filled, and then overflows upward through the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe, and the injection of the heat circulating liquid is terminated at this time;

[0023] Insert the self-circulating cooling device into the hole, fill the gaps between the heat absorbing pipe, the connecting pipe and the rock mass with filling materials, and solidify the filling materials to fix the self-circulating cooling device;

[0024] The heat circulating fluid absorbs the heat of the surrounding rock in the heat absorbing pipe and vaporizes. As the vaporization continues, the air pressure in the self-circulating cooling device continues to increase. When the high-temperature gas reaches the vicinity of the heat dissipation pipe, it dissipates heat and liquefies into liquid.

[0025] This process continues, dissipating the heat of the surrounding rock into the tunnel, enhancing ventilation in the tunnel, and further dissipating the heat of the surrounding rock.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention discloses a self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations and a method for using the device. The horizontal part is arranged on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the vertical part penetrates into the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock. The high-temperature rock mass outside the tunnel support structure is cooled by self-circulation, thereby fundamentally creating a suitable working environment for the tunnel support structure, avoiding the failure of the support structure, cracking of the support structure, poor support effect, etc. caused by direct contact between the support structure and the high-temperature rock mass. The service life of the tunnel structure is effectively extended, and the safety of the construction and later operation of the tunnel in the high geothermal formation is ensured.

[0028] (2) The present invention controls the heat circulating fluid through the one-way flow valve of the heat dissipation pipe and the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe, thereby realizing automatic flow circulation in a fixed direction in the self-circulating cooling device, and utilizing the vaporization and liquefaction process of the heat circulating fluid to realize automatic transfer and dissipation of the heat of the surrounding rock. No auxiliary measures are required in the whole process. At the same time, the closed structure of the self-circulating cooling device avoids the loss of the heat circulating fluid, thereby greatly reducing the use, operation and maintenance costs.

[0029] (3) The present invention utilizes the different degrees of vaporization and liquefaction of the heat circulating fluid at different ambient temperatures, and can automatically adjust the circulation rate of the heat circulating fluid according to the ambient temperature. When evenly arranged around the tunnel contour, each circulating cooling device will automatically work at a different circulation rate according to the ambient temperature. Each circulating cooling device will eventually make the surrounding rock mass reach the same temperature, avoiding the generation of temperature stress in the surrounding rock and the supporting structure, which is more conducive to exerting the self-stabilizing ability of the surrounding rock and maintaining the integrity of the surrounding rock. At the same time, it has higher working efficiency and adaptability.

[0030] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the self-circulation cooling device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the on-site use of the self-circulation cooling device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the one-way flow valve of the heat dissipation pipe of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption tube of the present invention.

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0037] 1. high-temperature rock mass, 2. primary shotcrete, 3. secondary lining concrete, 4. filling material, 5. heat absorbing pipe, 6. heat dissipating pipe, 7. heat circulating liquid, 8. filling valve, 9. connecting pipe, 10. one-way flow valve of heat dissipating pipe, 11. one-way flow valve of heat absorbing pipe, 12 horizontal section, 13 vertical section, 14 horizontal part, 15 vertical part, 16 straight pipe section, 17 bent section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] See also Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention is a self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations, comprising a heat dissipation pipe 6, a heat absorption pipe 5 and a connecting pipe 9 which are sequentially connected end to end to form a connecting pipeline, wherein the ends of the heat dissipation pipe 6 and the heat absorption pipe 5 which are far away from each other are respectively provided with a heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve 10 and a heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve 11, and a heat circulation fluid 7 is provided between the heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve 10 and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve 11;

[0041] The heat absorption pipe 5 includes a horizontal section 12 and a vertical section 13. The horizontal section 12 is connected with the straight pipe section 16 to form a horizontal part 14. The vertical section 13 is connected with the connecting pipe 9 to form a vertical part 15. The horizontal part 14 is arranged on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the vertical part 15 penetrates into the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0042] The heat dissipation pipe 6, the heat absorption pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 9 of this embodiment are connected end to end in sequence to form a connecting pipeline, and a heat circulating fluid 7 is arranged in the connecting pipeline. The heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve 10 and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve 11 are used to ensure the single flow direction of the heat circulating fluid 7. This embodiment is divided into a vertical part 15 and a horizontal part 14 as a whole. The vertical part 15 is arranged in a protruding shape relative to the horizontal part 14, so that the vertical part 15 can be easily inserted into a hole pre-opened in the tunnel surrounding rock to absorb the heat in the high-temperature rock mass 1, and the straight pipe section 16 of the heat dissipation pipe in the horizontal part 14 is used for cooling to achieve the effect of self-circulation. At the same time, the horizontal section 12 of the heat absorption pipe 5 in the horizontal part 14 is used to strengthen the fixation of the overall structure.

[0043] It can be understood that the heat absorbing pipe 5 and the heat dissipating pipe 6 are the external supporting structures of the self-circulating cooling device, and should have certain strength and rigidity, and at the same time have a good function of transferring heat;

[0044] The heat circulation fluid 7 is a carrier for heat transfer. It will vaporize at high temperatures, absorb ambient heat, and change from a liquid state to a gas state. When the ambient temperature drops, the high-temperature gas will liquefy, dissipate heat, and change from a gas state to a liquid state.

[0045] The heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve 10 and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve 11 have a certain toughness, which expands in the forward direction to allow the one-way passage of the liquid, and contracts in the reverse direction to prevent the passage of the liquid;

[0046] The diameter of the hole should match the diameter of the heat absorbing tube 5 and the connecting tube 9 , and the depth of the hole should match the length of the heat absorbing tube 5 and the connecting tube 9 .

[0047] In order to facilitate heat dissipation, the heat dissipation pipe includes a straight pipe section 16, which is exposed outside the surrounding rock of the tunnel excavation surface. At the position where the heat absorption pipe 5, the heat dissipation pipe 6 and the connecting pipe 9 are connected in this embodiment, an arc pipe is provided to facilitate the connection between them.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal section 12 and the vertical section 13 are connected to form a bending section 17, and the bending section 17 is adapted to the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock. The bending section 17 is adapted to the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock, which facilitates the vertical section 15 to be inserted into the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock without causing interference.

[0049] In order to better fix the device, especially the vertical part 15, the outer wall of the vertical section 13 and the connecting pipe 9 of this embodiment is in contact with the hole wall, and a filling material 4 is arranged in the hole, and the filling material 4 is used to fix the vertical section 13 and the connecting pipe 9. The filling material 4 should have a certain adhesion and good thermal conductivity with the surrounding rock and the self-circulating cooling device.

[0050] In order to fix the horizontal part 14, the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock is sequentially provided with primary shotcrete 2 and secondary lining concrete 3, and the horizontal section 12 is attached to the outer side of the tunnel surrounding rock, so that it can be fixed by the primary shotcrete 2 and the secondary lining concrete 3, and in order to ensure heat transfer, the straight pipe section 16 is located outside the secondary lining concrete 3.

[0051] In order to facilitate the addition of the heat circulation liquid 7, a filling valve 8 is provided on the straight pipe section 16 of the heat dissipation pipe.

[0052] The heat circulating fluid 7 absorbs the heat of the tunnel rock mass and vaporizes, changing from liquid to gas; the gaseous heat circulating fluid 7 reaches the straight pipe section 16 of the heat dissipation pipe to dissipate heat and liquefy, changing from gas to liquid again. In the initial state, the heat circulating fluid 7 fills the space between the heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve 10 and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve 11, and overflows outside the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve 11.

[0053] Embodiment 2:

[0054] This embodiment provides a method for using a self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations.

[0055] A method for using the self-circulating cooling device for high geothermal formations according to the first embodiment includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: Position and drill holes on the surrounding rock exposed by tunnel excavation. The diameter of the holes should match the diameter of the heat absorbing pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 9, and the depth of the holes should match the length of the heat absorbing pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 9;

[0057] S2: Connect the filling valve 8 to the filling pipe, and the heat circulating liquid 7 is injected into the self-circulating cooling device through the filling valve 8. Due to the restriction of the one-way flow valve 10 of the heat dissipation pipe, the heat circulating liquid 7 flows to the heat absorption pipe 5 until the space between the one-way flow valve 10 of the heat dissipation pipe and the one-way flow valve 11 of the heat absorption pipe is filled. Then, the heat circulating liquid 7 overflows upward through the one-way flow valve 11 of the heat absorption pipe under the action of pressure, and the injection of the heat circulating liquid 7 is terminated at this time.

[0058] S3: inserting the self-circulating cooling device into the hole drilled in step S1, filling the gaps between the heat absorbing pipe 5, the connecting pipe 9 and the high-temperature rock mass 1 with the filling material 4, and at the same time, the filling material 4 solidifies and fixes the self-circulating cooling device;

[0059] S4: The heat circulating fluid 7 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature rock mass 1 in the heat absorbing pipe 5 and vaporizes. As the heat circulating fluid 7 vaporizes continuously, the air pressure in the connecting pipe 9 in the self-circulating cooling device increases continuously. When the high-temperature gas reaches the vicinity of the heat dissipating pipe, it dissipates heat and liquefies, becoming liquid. Under the air pressure in the connecting pipe 9, the heat circulating fluid 7 passes through the one-way flow valve 10 of the heat dissipating pipe to complete the dissipation of the temperature of the high-temperature rock mass 1. This process continues, dissipating the heat of the high-temperature rock mass 1 in the tunnel, enhancing the ventilation in the tunnel, and further dissipating the heat of the surrounding rock.

[0060] This embodiment controls the heat circulating fluid 7 through the heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve 10 and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve 11, so as to realize the automatic flow circulation of the heat circulating fluid 7 in a fixed direction in the self-circulation cooling device, and utilizes the vaporization and liquefaction process of the heat circulating fluid 7 to realize the automatic transfer and dispersion of the surrounding rock heat. No auxiliary measures are required in the whole process. At the same time, the closed structure of the self-circulation cooling device avoids the loss of the heat circulating fluid 7, thereby greatly reducing the use, operation and maintenance costs.

[0061] The vaporization and liquefaction process of the heat circulating liquid 7 is affected by the temperature difference between the environment and the liquid. The greater the temperature difference, the faster the vaporization and liquefaction process of the heat circulating liquid 7, and vice versa. The different vaporization and liquefaction degrees of the heat circulating liquid 7 at different ambient temperatures can be used to automatically adjust the circulation rate of the heat circulating liquid 7 according to the ambient temperature. When evenly arranged around the tunnel contour, each circulating cooling device will automatically work at different circulation rates according to the ambient temperature. Each circulating cooling device will eventually make the surrounding rock mass reach the same temperature, avoiding the generation of temperature stress in the surrounding rock and supporting structure, which is more conducive to exerting the self-stabilizing ability of the surrounding rock and maintaining the integrity of the surrounding rock. At the same time, it has high working efficiency and adaptability.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and use the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims.

[0064] book and its full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations, characterized in that: It comprises a heat dissipation pipe, a heat absorption pipe and a connecting pipe which are connected end to end in sequence to form a connecting pipeline, wherein the ends of the heat dissipation pipe and the heat absorption pipe which are far away from each other are respectively provided with a heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve and a heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve, and a heat circulation fluid is provided between the heat dissipation pipe one-way flow valve and the heat absorption pipe one-way flow valve; The heat dissipation pipe includes a straight pipe section, and the straight pipe section is exposed outside the surrounding rock of the tunnel excavation surface; The surface of the tunnel surrounding rock is provided with primary shotcrete and secondary lining concrete in sequence, and the straight pipe section is located outside the secondary lining concrete; The heat absorbing pipe comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section, wherein the horizontal section is connected with the straight pipe section to form a horizontal part, and the vertical section is connected with the connecting pipe to form a vertical part, wherein the horizontal part is arranged on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the vertical part penetrates into the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock; The horizontal section is attached to the outside of the tunnel surrounding rock and fixed by primary shotcrete and secondary lining concrete; The outer tube walls of the vertical section and the connecting pipe are in contact with the hole wall. A filling material is arranged in the hole to fix the vertical section and the connecting pipe. The filling material has certain adhesion and good thermal conductivity with the surrounding rock and the self-circulating cooling device.

2. The self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal section and the vertical section are connected to form a bending section, and the bending section is adapted to the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock.

3. The self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A liquid filling valve is arranged on the straight pipe section of the heat dissipation pipe.

4. The self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical portion is arranged in a protruding shape relative to the horizontal portion.

5. The self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat circulation fluid absorbs the heat of the tunnel rock mass and vaporizes, changing from liquid to gas; the gaseous heat circulation fluid reaches the straight pipe section of the heat dissipation pipe to dissipate heat and liquefy, changing from gas to liquid again.

6. The self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In the initial state, the heat circulating fluid fills the space between the one-way flow valve of the heat dissipation pipe and the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe, and overflows outside the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe.

7. A method for using the self-circulating cooling device suitable for high geothermal formations according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Positioning and drilling holes on the surrounding rock exposed during tunnel excavation; Connect the filling valve to the filling pipe, and the heat circulating liquid is injected into the self-circulating cooling device through the filling valve until the space between the one-way flow valve of the heat dissipation pipe and the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe is filled, and then overflows upward through the one-way flow valve of the heat absorption pipe, and the injection of the heat circulating liquid is terminated at this time; Insert the self-circulating cooling device into the hole, fill the gaps between the heat absorbing pipe, the connecting pipe and the rock mass with filling materials, and solidify the filling materials to fix the self-circulating cooling device; The heat circulating fluid absorbs the heat of the surrounding rock in the heat absorbing pipe and vaporizes. As the vaporization continues, the air pressure in the self-circulating cooling device continues to increase. When the high-temperature gas reaches the vicinity of the heat dissipation pipe, it dissipates heat and liquefies into liquid. This process continues, dissipating the heat of the surrounding rock into the tunnel, enhancing ventilation in the tunnel, and further dissipating the heat of the surrounding rock.

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