Method for adjusting and correcting a car body without a center sill structure
By using a step-by-step adjustment method involving side wall deflection, crossbeams, and upper side beams, the problem of mutual interference among components in the adjustment of a car body without a center beam was solved, and the process requirements for car body deformation were met.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CRRC YANGTZE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In the process of adjusting and straightening a car body without a center beam, the various components affect each other, making it difficult to meet the process requirements.
The adjustment is carried out in the order of side wall deflection, crossbeam adjustment, and upper side beam lateral bending adjustment. The deformation of the vehicle body components is gradually adjusted by setting heating parts at specific locations and applying supports or struts.
This reduces the mutual interference between various components during adjustment and ensures that the deformation of the vehicle body meets the process requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN118180203B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway freight car manufacturing technology, and in particular to a method for adjusting and straightening a car body without a center beam. Background Technology
[0002] Railway freight car body structures can be divided into those with a center beam and those without. In a center beam-less structure, the load is primarily borne by the side walls, resulting in a complex structure with extensive welding, high welding stress, and complex, interconnected deformations. This leads to deformation of individual components after the car body is formed, necessitating adjustment and straightening. However, since this adjustment is performed after the car body is formed, the components also influence each other during the adjustment process, making it difficult to meet process requirements. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application provides a method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam, which improves the technical problem in related technologies where the various components affect each other during the adjustment and straightening process, making it difficult to meet the process requirements.
[0004] This application provides a method for adjusting a vehicle body without a center beam. The vehicle body includes two side walls and multiple crossbeam assemblies arranged opposite each other. Each side wall includes a web, an upper side beam, and a lower side beam. The upper side beam is located on the upper part of the inner side of the web, and the lower side beam is located on the lower part of the inner side of the web. Multiple crossbeam assemblies are connected between the lower side beams of the two side walls. Each crossbeam assembly includes a base plate and a crossbeam disposed on the base plate. The adjustment method includes: The deflection of the sidewall of the assembled vehicle body is adjusted and corrected. After the side wall adjustment is completed, the crossbeam is then adjusted. After the crossbeam is adjusted and corrected, the lateral curvature of the upper side beam is finally adjusted and corrected.
[0005] In some embodiments, the step of first adjusting the sidewall deflection includes: Multiple first heating portions are spaced apart on the inner side of the first lower side plate along the length direction of the lower side beam; wherein, the lower side beam includes a first lower side plate and a second lower side plate that are perpendicular to each other, the first lower side plate is connected to the web plate, and the second lower side plate is connected to the crossbeam; Along the length direction of the lower beam, multiple second heating parts corresponding to the first heating parts are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the second lower plate; The first heating part and the second heating part are heated so that the deflection value of the side wall is 10±5mm.
[0006] In some embodiments, the step of heating the first heating portion and the second heating portion includes: The first heating part is heated using a triangular heating method, and the second heating part is heated using a linear heating method.
[0007] In some embodiments, the step following heating the first heating portion and the second heating portion includes: A support member is provided at the middle of the bottom surface of the side wall to support the vehicle body, so that the two ends of the side wall move downward under the gravity of the bolster; wherein the bolster is provided at both ends of the vehicle body along its length direction.
[0008] In some embodiments, the step of heating the first heating portion and the second heating portion further includes: Determine the middle position of the side wall, and heat each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts in sequence from the middle position to both sides.
[0009] In some embodiments, the step of readjusting the crossbeam includes: Under the condition that the crossbeam undergoes local deformation, a third heating zone is provided on both sides of the crossbeam; wherein the third heating zone corresponds to the location of the local deformation of the crossbeam. The third heating area is heated so that the distance between the highest point of the crossbeam and the lowest point of the saddle is less than or equal to 12 mm; wherein the saddle is provided in the middle of the side wall.
[0010] In some embodiments, the step of heating the third heating region includes: The third heating region is heated using a triangular heating method.
[0011] In some embodiments, the step of readjusting the crossbeam includes: Under the condition that the crossbeam undergoes overall deformation, the two corners of the crossbeam are heated along the length of the crossbeam so that the distance between the highest point of the crossbeam and the lowest point of the saddle is less than or equal to 12mm.
[0012] In some embodiments, the step of heating the two corners of the crossbeam along the length of the crossbeam includes: The beam is heated using a linear heating method along its length at both corners.
[0013] In some embodiments, the step of further adjusting the crossbeam further includes: A weight is placed on the crossbeam to apply downward pressure to the crossbeam.
[0014] In some embodiments, the step of further adjusting the crossbeam further includes: A strut is installed between the two side walls so that the strut exerts an outward force on the side walls.
[0015] In some embodiments, the final step of adjusting the lateral curvature of the upper beam includes: Under the condition of the upper side beam expanding inward, a strut is provided between the two upper side beams so that the strut applies an outward force to the upper side beam; Multiple fourth heating zones are provided at intervals along the length of the upper beam on the inner side surface of the upper beam. Multiple fifth heating zones are provided at intervals along the length of the upper side beam on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively; wherein the fifth heating zones are provided corresponding to the fourth heating zones. The fourth and fifth heating regions are heated so that the outward expansion of the upper beam is 0mm to 8mm.
[0016] In some embodiments, the step of heating the fourth heating region and the fifth heating region includes: The fourth heating region is heated using a linear heating method, and the fifth heating region is heated using a triangular heating method.
[0017] In some embodiments, the final step of adjusting the lateral curvature of the upper beam includes: When the outward expansion of the upper beam is greater than 8 mm, a tie rod is installed between the two upper beams so that the tie rod applies an inward force to the upper beam. Multiple fourth heating zones are spaced apart along the length of the upper beam on its outer surface. Multiple fifth heating zones are provided at intervals along the length of the upper side beam on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively; wherein the fifth heating zones are provided corresponding to the fourth heating zones. The fourth and fifth heating regions are heated so that the outward expansion of the upper beam is 0mm to 8mm.
[0018] In some embodiments, the step of heating the fourth heating region and the fifth heating region includes: The fourth heating region is heated using a linear heating method, and the fifth heating region is heated using a triangular heating method.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam. Since adjusting the side wall deflection will affect the crossbeam, and adjusting the crossbeam will affect the upper side beam, the method proceeds in the order of adjusting the side wall deflection, adjusting the crossbeam, and adjusting the lateral bending of the upper side beam. This reduces the inconvenience caused by the mutual influence of each component during adjustment and ensures that the vehicle body deformation meets the process requirements. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a vehicle body without a center beam.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of sidewall deflection adjustment.
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view.
[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of beam adjustment Figure 1 .
[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of beam adjustment Figure 2 .
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment and straightening of the upper side beam.
[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Top view.
[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the strut and the upper side beam.
[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the tie rod and the upper side beam.
[0030] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating the method for adjusting a beamless vehicle body according to an embodiment of this application.
[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Car body, 100-Side wall, 110-Upper side beam, 111-Fourth heating area, 112-Fifth heating area, 120-Body plate, 130-Lower side beam, 131-First heating part, 132-Second heating part, 200-Crossbeam assembly, 210-Crossbeam, 211-Third heating area, 212-Edge, 300-Support member, 400-Strut, 410-First rod, 420-First telescopic member, 430-First mounting bracket, 500-Tie rod, 510-Second rod, 520-Second telescopic member, 530-Second mounting bracket, 600-Saddle, 700-Headrest. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0033] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.
[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0035] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.
[0036] Combination Figures 1-10This application provides a method for adjusting a beamless car body, which can reduce the inconvenience caused by the mutual influence of various components during adjustment, and ensure that the deformation of the car body 1 meets the process requirements. The beamless car body 1 is a beamless railway freight car used to carry containers. The beamless car body 1 includes two opposing side walls 100 and multiple crossbeam assemblies 200. Each side wall 100 includes a web 120, an upper side beam 110, and a lower side beam 130. The upper side beam 110 is located on the upper part of the web 120, and the lower side beam 130 is located on the lower part of the web 120. Multiple crossbeam assemblies 200 connect the lower side beams 130 of the two side walls 100. Each crossbeam assembly 200 includes a base plate and crossbeams 210 disposed on the base plate. The beamless car body adjustment method is described below, including steps S100, S200, and S300.
[0037] Step S100: Adjust the 100° deflection of the sidewall.
[0038] Combination Figures 1-3 The car body 1 has bolsters 700 at both ends along its length, which support the entire car body. The deflection of the side walls 100 refers to the upward bulge in the horizontal direction of the upper side beams 110 and lower side beams 130 of the two side walls 100 relative to the bolsters 700 after the car body 1 is formed. This results in the side walls 100 having an overall upward bulge, or a downward curvature. For the Aurizon double-unit concave-bottom flatcar, the process requirement for this bulge is 10±5mm. However, in actual production, due to factors such as welding stress, this parameter of some parts of the car body 1 cannot meet the process requirement after forming. In actual production, this parameter is mainly less than the process parameter requirement, i.e., the deflection value is ≤5mm. Therefore, the side walls 100 need to be adjusted.
[0039] It should be noted that all adjustment steps in the embodiments of this application are performed after the vehicle body 1 is formed. Therefore, the directional terms used in this article are based on the shape of the formed vehicle body 1 placed on the ground, but are not the only standard. When the vehicle body 1 has other shapes, the directions mentioned in this article will also change accordingly.
[0040] The adjustment method for the 100° deflection of the side wall will be introduced next. Specifically, step 100 includes steps 110, 120, 130 and 140.
[0041] Step S110: Multiple first heating parts 131 are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the first lower side plate along the length direction of the lower side beam 130.
[0042] The lower side beam 130 includes a first lower side plate and a second lower side plate that are perpendicular to each other. The first lower side plate is connected to the web plate 120, and the second lower side plate is connected to the crossbeam 210. The inner side of the first lower side plate is the side of the first lower side plate that is closer to the center line of the vehicle body 1.
[0043] Multiple first heating points 131 can be marked sequentially on the inner side along the length of the lower beam 130 to facilitate subsequent workers in heating the first heating points 131 according to the markings. Alternatively, the markings can be omitted, and the approximate location of the first heating points 131 can be determined visually, allowing subsequent workers to heat the appropriate locations directly. The intervals between adjacent first heating points 131 can be equal or unequal, without restriction.
[0044] Step S120: Along the length of the lower side beam 130, multiple second heating parts 132 are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the second lower side plate, corresponding one-to-one with the first heating parts 131.
[0045] Since the first heating element 131 has already been set, the second heating element 132 can be set directly at the corresponding position on the second lower side plate. Similarly, the second heating element 132 may or may not be marked. It should be noted that there is no specific order in setting the first and second heating positions; the second heating position can be set on the second lower side plate first, followed by the corresponding first heating position on the first lower side plate.
[0046] Step S130: Heating the first heating part 131 and the second heating part 132 to make the deflection value of the sidewall 100 10±5mm.
[0047] Heating the first heating part 131 and the second heating part 132 causes the lower side beam 130 to contract along its length, generating an upward bending force. This causes the middle part of the side wall 100 to deform upward, resulting in a deflection value of 10±5mm for the side wall 100, which meets the process requirements.
[0048] It should be explained that the first lower side plate is connected to the web plate 120, but in this embodiment, the heating part is only set in the lower side beam 130 and does not extend to the web plate 120. This is because the lower side beam 130 is thicker and generates greater stress after heating. Heating only the lower side beam 130 is enough to make the side wall 100 bend upward as a whole; while the web plate 120 is thinner and is more prone to planar deformation when heated.
[0049] Specifically, the first heating part 131 is heated using a triangular heating method, and the second heating part 132 is heated using a linear heating method. Naturally, the apex of the triangle faces the web plate 120.
[0050] In some embodiments, the heating sequence of the lower side beam 130 is as follows: determine the middle position of the side wall 100, and heat each of the first heating parts 131 and the second heating parts 132 in sequence from the middle position to both sides. That is, take the middle position of the side wall 100 as a reference and heat both sides symmetrically at the same time to ensure the uniformity of the adjustment of the lower side beam 130 and prevent the lower side beam 130 from twisting.
[0051] Step S140: A support member 300 is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the side wall 100 to support the vehicle body 1, so that the two ends of the side wall 100 move downward under the gravity of the bolster 700.
[0052] Here, "the middle part of the bottom surface of the side wall 100" refers to the center along the length of the side wall 100. After the support member 300 supports the middle part of the vehicle body 1, since the vehicle body 1 is provided with bolsters 700 on both sides along its length, the gravity of the bolsters 700 will exert downward pressure on both ends of the side wall 100, further causing the side wall 100 to bend downward, increasing the shrinkage stress of the heated part after heating, and enhancing the adjustment effect.
[0053] Specifically, a jack can be used for the support component 300.
[0054] Step S200: After the side wall 100 is adjusted and corrected, the cross beam 210 is then adjusted and corrected.
[0055] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 The crossbeam 210 is a square groove structure, covering the bottom plate and welded to it. The deformation of the crossbeam 210 is mainly due to the upward bulging deformation caused by weld shrinkage during welding. A saddle 600 for supporting the container is located in the middle of the side wall 100. The process requires that the highest point of the crossbeam 210 be less than or equal to 12mm relative to the lowest point of each saddle 600. If the crossbeam 210 protrudes too high, it will lift the container, causing instability during installation. There are multiple crossbeams 210, including large crossbeams spaced apart and several small crossbeams. The width of the large crossbeams is greater than the width of the small crossbeams. The large crossbeams are located in the middle of the vehicle body 1 along its length, corresponding to the saddle 600. Several small crossbeams are located on both sides of the large crossbeams. In actual production, the large crossbeams in the middle are the main source of deviations; therefore, the adjustment of the crossbeam 210 mainly targets the large crossbeams.
[0056] In actual production, heating and adjusting the lower side beam 130 may affect the cross beam 210. Therefore, heating and adjusting the lower side beam 130 first, that is, adjusting the overall deflection of the side wall 100 first, and then adjusting the cross beam 210 after it has been affected, can ensure that the adjustment of both the side wall 100 and the cross beam 210 is in place. Otherwise, if the cross beam 210 is adjusted first and then the lower side beam 130 is adjusted, the adjustment of the lower side beam 130 may affect the cross beam 210, which may cause the cross beam 210 to fail to meet the process requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the order of adjusting the deflection of the side wall 100 first and then adjusting the cross beam 210.
[0057] The adjustment method for the crossbeam 210 will be described next. Specifically, step S200 includes steps S210, S220, S230, and S240.
[0058] Step S210: Under the condition that the crossbeam 210 undergoes local deformation, a third heating area 211 is set on both sides of the crossbeam 210; wherein the third heating area 211 corresponds to the position of the local deformation of the crossbeam 210; and the third heating area 211 is heated so that the distance between the highest point of the crossbeam 210 and the lowest point of the saddle 600 is less than or equal to 12mm.
[0059] When the crossbeam 210 only undergoes localized deformation, a third heating zone 211 can be set up to heat the deformed area. Specifically, the third heating zone 211 is heated using a triangular heating method.
[0060] Step S220: Under the condition that the crossbeam 210 undergoes overall deformation, heat is applied along the length of the crossbeam 210 at the two side corners 212, so that the distance between the highest point of the crossbeam 210 and the lowest point of the saddle 600 is less than or equal to 12mm.
[0061] When the entire crossbeam 210 deforms, heating is required at the two corners 212 along the length of the crossbeam 210. As mentioned above, the crossbeam 210 is a square groove with long corners 212 on both sides of its top surface. Heating the corners 212 as a whole can adjust the entire crossbeam 210. Specifically, linear heating is used at the two corners 212 along the length of the crossbeam 210.
[0062] It should be noted that steps S210 and S220 are two parallel steps, and there is no order between them. You can choose to select them as needed.
[0063] Step S230: Place a weight on the crossbeam 210 to apply downward pressure to the crossbeam 210.
[0064] A weight can apply downward pressure to the crossbeam 210 to help it contract. Specifically, the weight can be a counterweight.
[0065] Step S240: Install a strut 400 between the two side walls 100 so that the strut 400 applies an outward force to the side walls 100.
[0066] Since the downward deformation of the crossbeam 210 may cause inward deformation stress in the two side walls 100, when adjusting the crossbeam 210, a certain amount of counter-deformation can be generated by the struts 400 at the upper end of the two side walls 100.
[0067] When heating and straightening the crossbeam 210, inward deformation stress may be generated on the side wall 100. Therefore, after heating and straightening the crossbeam 210 to generate inward deformation stress on the side wall 100, the side bend of the upper side beam 110 should be straightened. This ensures that the straightening of both the upper side beam 110 and the crossbeam 210 is in place. Otherwise, if the side bend of the upper side beam 110 is straightened first and then the crossbeam 210 is straightened, the straightening of the crossbeam 210 may affect the upper side beam 110, which may cause the upper side beam 110 to fail to meet the process requirements. Therefore, the order of straightening the crossbeam 210 first and then the upper side beam 110 should be adopted.
[0068] It should be noted that since the deflection adjustment of the side wall 100 generates an upward deformation stress in the middle of the side wall 100, while the adjustment of the cross beam 210 generates an inward deformation stress in the side wall 100, the adjustment of the cross beam 210 will not affect the deflection of the side wall 100.
[0069] Step S300: After the crossbeam 210 is adjusted and corrected, the lateral curvature of the upper side beam 110 is finally adjusted and corrected.
[0070] Combination Figures 6-9 Due to the long length and poor rigidity of the vehicle body 1, the upper side beams 110 on both sides will undergo certain bending deformation along the length direction after the vehicle body 1 is formed. This may be inward bending deformation (i.e., internal expansion) or outward bending deformation (i.e., external expansion). Different adjustment methods need to be adopted for different deformation directions of the upper side beams 110.
[0071] The following describes the method for adjusting the lateral bend of the upper side beam 110. Specifically, step S300 includes steps S310 and S320.
[0072] Step S310: Under the condition of internal expansion of the upper side beam 110, a strut 400 is set between the two upper side beams 110 so that the strut 400 applies an outward force to the upper side beam 110; multiple fourth heating areas 111 are set at intervals along the length direction of the upper side beam 110 on the inner side surface of the upper side beam 110; multiple fifth heating areas 112 are set at intervals along the length direction of the upper side beam 110 on the upper and lower surfaces respectively; wherein, the fifth heating areas 112 are set corresponding to the fourth heating areas 111; the fourth heating areas 111 and the fifth heating areas 112 are heated so that the external expansion value of the upper side beam 110 is 0mm~8mm.
[0073] The upper beam 110 is made of square steel, with inner and outer surfaces, and a web 120 is connected to the bottom surface of the upper beam 110. Because the upper beam 110 bends inward, a strut 400 is used to apply an outward force to the upper beam 110 to cause it to deform in the opposite direction. The upper beam 110 is then adjusted and straightened by heating. Figure 8 The strut 400 includes a first rod body 410 and first telescopic members 420 disposed at both ends of the first rod body 410. The first rod body 410 is disposed between two upper side beams 110. The telescopic members abut against the inner side of the upper side beam 110 on the same side. When the first telescopic members 420 extend, they can apply an outward force to the upper side beam 110 on the same side. The first telescopic members 420 can be a screw-coupled structure or a small jack. In order to prevent the first rod body 410 from falling, the strut 400 also includes a first mounting bracket 430. The first mounting bracket 430 is connected to the side of the first telescopic member 420 near the upper side beam 110 and is hung on the inner side of the upper side beam 110, so that the strut 400 can be stably installed.
[0074] Specifically, the fourth heating region 111 is heated using a linear heating method, and the fifth heating region 112 is heated using a triangular heating method.
[0075] Step S320: When the outward expansion of the upper side beam 110 is greater than 8mm, a tie rod 500 is installed between the two upper side beams 110 so that the tie rod 500 applies an inward force to the upper side beam 110; multiple fourth heating areas 111 are spaced apart on the outer side of the upper side beam 110 along the length of the upper side beam 110; multiple fifth heating areas 112 are spaced apart on the upper and lower surfaces of the upper side beam 110 along the length of the upper side beam 110, respectively; wherein the fifth heating areas 112 are corresponding to the fourth heating areas 111; the fourth heating areas 111 and the fifth heating areas 112 are heated so that the outward expansion of the upper side beam 110 is 0mm~8mm.
[0076] Because the upper beam 110 bends and deforms outward, a tie rod 500 is needed to apply an inward force to the upper beam 110 to cause it to deform in the opposite direction. Then, the upper beam 110 is adjusted and straightened by heating. Combined with... Figure 9 The pull rod 500 includes a second rod body 510, second telescopic members 520 disposed at both ends of the second rod body 510, and second mounting brackets 530 disposed at both ends of the second rod body 510. The second rod body 510 is also disposed between two upper side beams 110. The second telescopic member 520 is disposed between the second rod body 510 and the second mounting bracket 530. The second mounting bracket 530 is hung on the outer side of the upper side beam 110. Therefore, when the telescopic member retracts, it can apply an inward force to the upper side beam 110 on the same side through the second mounting bracket 530. The telescopic member can be a screw-type structure.
[0077] Specifically, the fourth heating region 111 is heated using a linear heating method, and the fifth heating region 112 is heated using a triangular heating method.
[0078] It should be noted that steps S310 and S320 are two parallel steps, and there is no order between them. You can choose to select them according to the situation.
[0079] Furthermore, in all heating and adjustment processes in this application embodiment, the heating temperature must be less than 590°C, and the heating must be slow to ensure that the temperature inside and outside the heated part is consistent, avoid repeated heating, and determine the size of the heating area according to the thickness of the plate of the heated part. Generally, the width of the heating area does not exceed 60mm. During the cooling and shrinkage process, the external force is adjusted according to the shrinkage.
[0080] The present application provides a method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam. Since adjusting the deflection of the side wall 100° will affect the cross beam 210, and adjusting the cross beam 210 will affect the upper side beam 110, the adjustment and straightening of the side wall 100° deflection, the adjustment and straightening of the cross beam 210, and the adjustment and straightening of the lateral bending of the upper side beam 110 are carried out in sequence. This can reduce the inconvenience caused by the mutual influence of each component during adjustment and make the deformation of the vehicle body 1 meet the process requirements.
[0081] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.
[0082] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam, characterized in that, The vehicle body includes two opposing sidewalls and multiple crossbeam assemblies. Each sidewall includes a web, an upper side beam, and a lower side beam. The upper side beam is located on the upper part of the inner side of the web, and the lower side beam is located on the lower part of the inner side of the web. Multiple crossbeam assemblies are connected between the lower side beams of the two sidewalls. Each crossbeam assembly includes a base plate and a crossbeam disposed on the base plate. The adjustment method includes: The deflection of the sidewall of the assembled vehicle body is adjusted and corrected. After the side wall adjustment is completed, the crossbeam is then adjusted. After the crossbeam is adjusted and corrected, the lateral curvature of the upper side beam is finally adjusted and corrected.
2. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the sidewall deflection of the assembled vehicle body includes: Multiple first heating portions are spaced apart on the inner side of the first lower side plate along the length direction of the lower side beam; wherein, the lower side beam includes a first lower side plate and a second lower side plate that are perpendicular to each other, the first lower side plate is connected to the web plate, and the second lower side plate is connected to the crossbeam; Along the length direction of the lower beam, multiple second heating parts corresponding to the first heating parts are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the second lower plate; The first heating part and the second heating part are heated so that the deflection value of the side wall is 10±5mm.
3. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps of heating the first heating part and the second heating part include: The first heating part is heated using a triangular heating method, and the second heating part is heated using a linear heating method.
4. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps following heating the first heating portion and the second heating portion include: A support member is provided at the middle of the bottom surface of the side wall to support the vehicle body, so that the two ends of the side wall move downward under the gravity of the bolster; wherein the bolster is provided at both ends of the vehicle body along its length direction.
5. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of heating the first heating part and the second heating part further includes: Determine the middle position of the side wall, and heat each of the first heating parts and the second heating parts in sequence from the middle position to both sides.
6. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of further adjusting the crossbeam includes: Under the condition that the crossbeam undergoes local deformation, a third heating zone is provided on both sides of the crossbeam; wherein the third heating zone corresponds to the location of the local deformation of the crossbeam. The third heating area is heated so that the distance between the highest point of the crossbeam and the lowest point of the saddle is less than or equal to 12 mm; wherein the saddle is provided in the middle of the side wall.
7. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of heating the third heating region includes: The third heating region is heated using a triangular heating method.
8. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of further adjusting the crossbeam includes: Under the condition that the crossbeam undergoes overall deformation, the two corners of the crossbeam are heated along the length of the crossbeam so that the distance between the highest point of the crossbeam and the lowest point of the saddle is less than or equal to 12mm.
9. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of heating the two corners of the crossbeam along its length includes: The beam is heated using a linear heating method along its length at both corners.
10. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that, The step of further adjusting the crossbeam also includes: A weight is placed on the crossbeam to apply downward pressure to the crossbeam.
11. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that, The step of further adjusting the crossbeam also includes: A strut is installed between the two side walls so that the strut exerts an outward force on the side walls.
12. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The final step of adjusting the lateral curvature of the upper beam includes: Under the condition of the upper side beam expanding inward, a strut is provided between the two upper side beams so that the strut applies an outward force to the upper side beam; Multiple fourth heating zones are provided at intervals along the length of the upper beam on the inner side surface of the upper beam. Multiple fifth heating zones are provided at intervals along the length of the upper side beam on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively; wherein the fifth heating zones are provided corresponding to the fourth heating zones. The fourth and fifth heating regions are heated so that the outward expansion of the upper beam is 0mm to 8mm.
13. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 12, characterized in that, The step of heating the fourth heating region and the fifth heating region includes: The fourth heating region is heated using a linear heating method, and the fifth heating region is heated using a triangular heating method.
14. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The final step of adjusting the lateral curvature of the upper beam includes: When the outward expansion of the upper beam is greater than 8 mm, a tie rod is installed between the two upper beams so that the tie rod applies an inward force to the upper beam. Multiple fourth heating zones are spaced apart along the length of the upper beam on its outer surface. Multiple fifth heating zones are provided at intervals along the length of the upper side beam on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively; wherein the fifth heating zones are provided corresponding to the fourth heating zones. The fourth and fifth heating regions are heated so that the outward expansion of the upper beam is 0mm to 8mm.
15. The method for adjusting and straightening a vehicle body without a center beam according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of heating the fourth heating region and the fifth heating region includes: The fourth heating region is heated using a linear heating method, and the fifth heating region is heated using a triangular heating method.