A kind of tool and method for measuring the pitch and roll moment of hovercraft

Abstract

The present application discloses a measuring tool and method for the longitudinal and transverse moment of an air cushion vehicle. The measuring tool comprises a mooring assembly, a measuring assembly and a press assembly, wherein the mooring assembly comprises a mooring tower, a mooring pile and a mooring cable, wherein the mooring tower is fixed on the ground, the mooring pile is fixed on the air cushion vehicle, the mooring cable is used to connect the mooring tower and the mooring pile, and the mooring cable is arranged to maintain a loose state after the air cushion vehicle is lifted, so as to solve the problem of the air cushion vehicle shaking after the lift; the measuring assembly comprises two reading scales and a horizontal tube connecting the two reading scales, wherein the two reading scales are arranged at two measuring points of the air cushion vehicle respectively, the horizontal tube is arranged in a U shape, one end of the horizontal tube is parallel to one reading scale, and the other end is parallel to the other reading scale, and the horizontal tube is arranged such that at least the part corresponding to the reading scale is a transparent section, so as to facilitate the reading of the test personnel and improve the test efficiency and accuracy; the ballast comprises a mobile trolley, which is convenient for moving the ballast without the cooperation of a crane, so as to improve the test efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship technology, and in particular to a tool and method for measuring the longitudinal and transverse moments of an air cushion vessel. Background Art

[0002] A hovercraft is a high-speed ship that uses the principle of surface effect to form an air cushion between the hull and the water surface with air above atmospheric pressure, allowing the hull to sail completely or partially out of the water. After the construction of the hovercraft is completed, it is necessary to provide users with important usage parameters such as the pitch moment per degree and the heel moment per degree (referred to as the pitch and heel moment per degree) under the state of the ship's cushioning, so that users can adjust the loading of oil tanks or water tanks when the pitch and heel posture is too large during the operation of the ship, so as to correct the ship's posture and sail safely.

[0003] Similar to the surface ship tilt test, the hovercraft pitch and roll moment test also requires that weights and other heavy objects be placed at predetermined positions on the open deck, and then the position of the weights be adjusted by a crane. The tilt distance of the ship after each weight adjustment is recorded, and the tilt distance is converted into pitch and roll moment per degree. However, when the hovercraft is in the cushioned state, the cushioning fan associated with the open deck is running, and the position of the hovercraft is easily swung left and right and forward and backward due to the airflow after the cushioning, which is not convenient for measurement. If the test is carried out in the manner of a surface ship stability test, the harsh test conditions will bring great safety hazards to the test personnel and the ship itself, and the validity of the data will be difficult to ensure.

[0004] This section provides background information related to the present application which is not necessarily prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] One object of the present application is to solve or at least alleviate part or all of the above problems. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tool and measurement method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, the present application provides a hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool, which is used to measure the pitch and roll moment per degree of the hovercraft, and the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool comprises:

[0008] A plurality of mooring components, each of which comprises a mooring tower, a mooring bollard and a mooring cable, wherein the mooring tower is used to be fixed on the ground, the mooring bollard is used to be fixed on the hovercraft, the mooring cable is used to connect the mooring tower and the mooring bollard, and the mooring cable is configured to remain in a relaxed state after the hovercraft is lifted;

[0009] A plurality of groups of measuring components, each group of the measuring components comprises two reading scales and a horizontal tube connecting the two reading scales, the two reading scales are respectively arranged at two measuring points of the hovercraft, the horizontal tube is arranged in a U shape, one end of the horizontal tube is parallel to one reading scale, and the other end is parallel to the other reading scale, and the horizontal tube is arranged so that at least the portion corresponding to the reading scale is a transparent section;

[0010] A plurality of ballasts, each of the ballasts comprising a moving trolley.

[0011] As an optional solution of the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool, the mooring tower is provided with a mooring ring, and the height of the mooring ring is set to be the same as the cable binding height of the mooring pile on the hovercraft after the hovercraft is lifted.

[0012] As an optional solution of the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool, the ballast also includes a plurality of weights.

[0013] As an optional solution of the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool, the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool further includes a plurality of ballast marks, and the plurality of ballast marks are arranged in the cabin of the hovercraft according to a ballast movement route planning diagram.

[0014] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for measuring the pitch and roll moment of a hovercraft, based on the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool as described in any one of the above items, the method for measuring the pitch and roll moment of a hovercraft comprises the following steps:

[0015] The mooring assembly installation steps are as follows: installing a mooring tower on the ground outside the port side of the stern, outside the starboard side of the stern, outside the port side of the bow and outside the starboard side of the bow of the hovercraft; arranging mooring piles on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow and the right side of the bow of the hovercraft, and mooring cables are used to connect the mooring towers and the mooring piles, and the mooring cables are arranged to remain in a loose state when the hovercraft is lifted;

[0016] Measuring point selection step: when the hovercraft is in a horizontal reference state of the slipway, reference marks are set on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow and the right side of the bow of the hovercraft, all of the reference marks are on the same horizontal plane, and four measuring points of the hovercraft are selected with reference to the reference marks, the four measuring points are arranged in a rectangular shape, and the horizontal planes where all the measuring points are located are parallel or coplanar with the horizontal planes where the reference marks are located;

[0017] Measuring component arrangement step: two reading scales in each measuring component are arranged at the measuring point, and multiple scales of the reading scales are arranged in the vertical direction, and the horizontal tubes in each measuring component are arranged along the connecting line of two adjacent measuring points, and all the horizontal tubes do not cross;

[0018] Test steps: Pour liquid into all horizontal pipes; arrange the ballast according to the ballast movement route planning diagram, and record the reading values ​​of the liquid levels in all the horizontal pipes on the corresponding reading scale after each ballast arrangement is stable;

[0019] Calculation steps: Calculate the moment of pitch per degree and the moment of heel per degree of the hovercraft based on the recorded readings.

[0020] As an optional solution of the method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of the hovercraft, in the step of selecting the measuring point, the height of the measuring point from the deck of the hovercraft is 1 m to 1.5 m.

[0021] As an optional solution of the method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of the hovercraft, in the step of arranging the measuring components, the height of the center position of the transparent section of the horizontal tube is the same as the height of the corresponding measuring point.

[0022] As an optional solution of the method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of the hovercraft, in the test procedure, the hovercraft is placed in a horizontal state after the ballast is arranged for the first time, and at this time, the liquid level readings in all horizontal tubes are 0.

[0023] As an optional solution of the method for measuring the pitch and roll moment of the hovercraft, in the test steps, the pitch and roll moment of the hovercraft is calculated as follows:

[0024] Δhi=(h1i-h2i+h3i-h4i) / 2;

[0025] α i =arctanΔhi;

[0026] M xi =m i × i ;

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] Among them, h1i and h2i are the readings at the stern and bow ends of the horizontal tube located on the port side of the hovercraft after each ballast longitudinal movement; h3i and h4i are the readings at the stern and bow ends of the horizontal tube located on the starboard side of the hovercraft after each ballast longitudinal movement; Δhi is the trim value; α i is the trim angle after each ballast longitudinal movement; m i is the ballast weight; x i is the longitudinal movement distance of each ballast; M xi MOD is the longitudinal movement moment for each ballast Li is the pitch moment after each longitudinal movement of the ballast; MOD Lis the average longitudinal moment of n ballast longitudinal movements, n ≥ 5.

[0030] As an optional solution of the method for measuring the heeling moment of the hovercraft, in the test steps, the heeling moment of the hovercraft is calculated as follows:

[0031] δhi=(h5i-h6i+h7i-h8i) / 2;

[0032] β i =arctanδhi;

[0033] M yi =m i ×y i ;

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] Among them, h5i and h6i are the readings at the left and right ends of the stern of the hovercraft after each ballast lateral movement; h7i and h8i are the readings at the left and right ends of the bow of the hovercraft after each ballast lateral movement; δhi is the heel value; β i The heel angle produced by each ballast lateral movement; m i is the ballast weight; y i is the lateral movement distance of each ballast; M yi is the moment of each lateral movement; MOD Bi MOD is the heeling moment for each ballast lateral movement; B is the average heeling moment of n ballast lateral movements, n ≥ 5.

[0037] The benefits of this application are:

[0038] The hovercraft longitudinal and transverse heel moment measuring tool provided in the present application includes a mooring component, a measuring component and a press assembly, each set of mooring components includes a mooring tower, a cable pile and a mooring cable, the mooring tower is used to be fixed on the ground, the cable pile is used to be fixed on the hovercraft, the mooring cable is used to connect the mooring tower and the cable pile, and the mooring cable is configured to remain in a relaxed state after the hovercraft is lifted, so as to solve the problem of shaking of the hovercraft after the lift; each set of measuring components includes two reading scales and a horizontal tube connecting the two reading scales, the two reading scales are respectively arranged at two measuring points of the hovercraft, the horizontal tube is U-shaped, one end of the horizontal tube is parallel to one reading scale, and the other end is parallel to the other reading scale, and the horizontal tube is configured so that at least the part corresponding to the reading scale is a transparent section, so as to facilitate the test personnel to read the test data and improve the test efficiency and accuracy; the ballast includes a mobile trolley, which is convenient for moving the ballast without the cooperation of a crane, thereby improving the test efficiency.

[0039] The method for measuring the longitudinal and transverse heel moments of a hovercraft provided in the present application can solve the problem of the hovercraft shaking after being lifted by applying the above-mentioned tooling for measuring the longitudinal and transverse heel moments of the hovercraft, thereby facilitating test personnel to read test data, eliminating the need for a crane to cooperate with moving ballast, and improving test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present application and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 is a top view of the hovercraft provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view of the hovercraft;

[0043] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Left view of the hovercraft;

[0044] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 An overhead view of the interior of the hovercraft.

[0045] Reference numerals:

[0046] 100. Mooring assembly; 101. Mooring tower; 102. Bollard; 103. Mooring cable; 200. Measuring assembly; 201. Reading scale; 202. Horizontal tube; 300. Ballast; 400. Ballast mark; 500. Benchmark mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Before any embodiments of the application are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the above drawings.

[0048] In this application, the terms "comprises", "includes", "has" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0049] In this application, the term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "and / or" relationship.

[0050] In the present application, the terms "connect", "combine", "couple", and "install" may refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediate piece, and indirect connection refers to two parts or components being connected to at least one intermediate piece respectively, and the two parts or components being connected via the intermediate piece. In addition, "connect" and "couple" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, and may include electrical connections or couplings.

[0051] In the present application, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that relative terms (e.g., "about," "approximately," "substantially," etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, the relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a specific value, the tolerances caused by manufacturing, assembly, and use associated with a specific value, and the like. Such terms should also be considered to disclose a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to plus or minus a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​that do not use relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. In addition, "substantially" may refer to plus or minus a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) on the basis of the indicated angle when expressing a relative angular position relationship (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular).

[0052] In this application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0053] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and other directional words are described based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to another element "upper" or "lower", but also indirectly connected to another element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional words such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, back side, etc. not only represent the positive orientation, but can also be understood as the lateral orientation. For example, the bottom can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower back, etc.

[0054] In the related technology, the test of the moment of pitch and roll per degree of the hovercraft also requires that heavy objects such as weights be placed at predetermined positions on the open deck, and then the position of the weights be adjusted by a crane, and the tilt distance of the ship after each weight adjustment is recorded, and the tilt distance is converted into the moment of pitch and roll per degree. However, when the hovercraft is in the cushioned state, the cushioning fan associated with the open deck is running, and the position of the hovercraft is easily swung left and right and forward and backward due to the influence of the airflow after the cushioning, which is not convenient for measurement. If the test is carried out in the manner of a surface ship stability test, the harsh test conditions will bring great safety hazards to the test personnel and the ship itself, and the validity of the data will be difficult to ensure.

[0055] The present embodiment provides a hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool, which is used to measure the pitch moment per degree and roll moment per degree of the hovercraft, which is convenient for test personnel to operate the test, and the test measurement results are more accurate.

[0056] Figure 1 A top view of the hovercraft provided in this embodiment is shown. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left side view of the hovercraft. Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front view of the hovercraft. Figure 4 for Figure 1 The interior of the hovercraft is shown in Figure 1. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool comprises a mooring assembly 100, a measuring assembly 200 and a ballast 300, wherein the mooring assembly 100 is used to cooperate with the cushioning fan of the hovercraft to keep the hovercraft balanced on all sides after the cushioning, and the ballast 300 is movably placed in the cabin of the hovercraft; the measuring assembly 200 is used to measure the data after each movement of the ballast 300 after the cushioning of the hovercraft, so as to facilitate the subsequent calculation of the pitch moment per degree and the roll moment per degree of the hovercraft.

[0057] Each mooring assembly 100 includes a mooring tower 101, a mooring pile 102 and a mooring cable 103. The mooring tower 101 is used to be fixed on the ground, the mooring pile 102 is used to be fixed on the hovercraft, and the mooring cable 103 is used to connect the mooring tower 101 and the mooring pile 102. The mooring cable 103 is set to remain in a relaxed state after the hovercraft is lifted, so as to avoid the mooring cable 103 being in a tight state after the hovercraft is lifted and unable to effectively perform the stability test. The mooring tower 101 is provided with a mooring ring, and the height of the mooring ring is set to be the same as the cable binding height of the mooring pile 102 on the hovercraft after the hovercraft is lifted, so that the hovercraft can maintain balance after the lift. In this embodiment, the mooring tower 101, the mooring pile 102 and the mooring cable 103 can all be selected from the tooling equipment commonly used in shipbuilding, without the need for separate design, which can reduce costs.

[0058] In this embodiment, there are four groups of mooring assemblies 100, and the mooring towers 101 of the four groups of mooring assemblies 100 are respectively located on the ground outside the port side of the stern, outside the starboard side of the stern, outside the port side of the bow, and outside the starboard side of the bow, and the mooring bollards 102 of the four groups of mooring assemblies 100 are respectively located on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow, and the right side of the bow. The mooring cable 103 can be a steel wire cable or a nylon cable, which is not limited here.

[0059] In the actual test, the hovercraft used the side mooring assembly 100 to limit the front, back, left and right positions of the hovercraft, which effectively solved the safety problem of the hovercraft swaying back and forth and left and right after the test cushion rise, especially the heel caused by the movement of the ballast 300, which aggravated the left and right swing.

[0060] Each group of measuring components 200 includes two reading scales 201 and a horizontal tube 202 connecting the two reading scales 201, the two reading scales 201 are respectively arranged at two measuring points of the hovercraft, the horizontal tube 202 is arranged in a U-shape, one end of the horizontal tube 202 is parallel to one reading scale 201, and the other end is parallel to another reading scale 201, and the horizontal tube 202 is arranged so that at least the portion corresponding to the reading scale 201 is a transparent section. It should be noted that "the horizontal tube 202 is arranged in a U-shape" means that the horizontal tube 202 is in a U-shape when installed, specifically, the horizontal tube 202 can use an ordinary transparent hose, one end of the horizontal tube 202 is roughly parallel to one of the reading scales 201, and the other end is roughly parallel to another reading scale 201, so that the horizontal tube 202 is U-shaped as a whole. In addition, the reading scale 201 can use an ordinary meter ruler, and of course other scales can also be selected, which is not limited here.

[0061] In this embodiment, there are four groups of measuring components 200, two of which are located at the two ends of the bow and stern of the hovercraft, and the other two are located on the port and starboard sides of the hovercraft.

[0062] In the actual test, the horizontal tube 202 is used in conjunction with the reading scale 201 to measure the longitudinal and transverse inclination attitudes of the ship in the cabin, which makes it convenient for test personnel to quickly and accurately determine relevant data, and effectively solves the problem that the hovercraft cannot read the water scale reading through similar surface ships after the test cushion is lifted.

[0063] The ballast 300 includes a mobile trolley. The mobile trolley can use a forklift as a mobile ballast for the test. It has the function of self-movement and does not require the cooperation of a crane. This solves the technical problem that the lifting method of ballast weights in the stability test of conventional surface ships cannot be applied to hovercraft. In addition, when the hovercraft is lifted, the fuel consumption of the lifting fan is relatively fast, which has a greater impact on the displacement. The use of a forklift has a fast moving speed, which effectively shortens the moving time of the ballast 300, effectively shortens the test time, and reduces the impact of displacement changes on the test results. In other embodiments, the ballast 300 also includes a number of weights. When the weight of the forklift cannot meet the weight requirement of the ballast 300, the weight requirement of the ballast 300 can be met by setting weights on the forklift.

[0064] It should be noted that the method of transferring the forklift to the cabin of the hovercraft includes: first, lowering the hovercraft so that the forklift can be driven from the ground to the gangplank, and then driven into the cabin of the hovercraft; second, lifting the forklift to the gangplank of the hovercraft by a crane, and then driving it into the cabin.

[0065] In this embodiment, the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tooling also includes a number of ballast marks 400, which are arranged in the cabin of the hovercraft according to the moving route planning diagram of the ballast 300. For example, four groups of eight ballast marks 400 can be arranged in the cabin of the hovercraft, and a ballast 300 is placed in a ballast mark 400 in each of the four groups of ballast marks 400. During each test, the ballast 300 in the four groups of ballast marks 400 is moved to different ballast marks 400 as needed, so that the test personnel can quickly move the ballast to the desired position, thereby improving the test efficiency. Of course, in other embodiments, the ballast marks can also be arranged in other ways, which can be specifically designed according to the test requirements and are not limited here.

[0066] The method for measuring the pitch and roll moment of the hovercraft provided in this embodiment can solve the problem of the hovercraft shaking after being lifted by applying the above-mentioned hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool, facilitate test personnel to read test data, and do not need a crane to cooperate with the mobile ballast 300, thereby improving test efficiency.

[0067] Continue to combine Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of a hovercraft provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0068] The mooring assembly installation steps are as follows: a mooring tower 101 is installed on the ground outside the port side of the stern, the starboard side of the stern, the port side of the bow and the starboard side of the bow of the hovercraft; mooring piles 102 are arranged on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow and the right side of the bow of the hovercraft, and a mooring cable 103 is used to connect the mooring tower 101 and the mooring pile 102, and the mooring cable 103 is arranged to remain in a loose state when the hovercraft is lifted;

[0069] Measuring point selection steps: when the hovercraft is in a horizontal reference state of the slipway, a number of reference marks 500 are set on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow and the right side of the bow of the hovercraft, and all the reference marks 500 are on the same horizontal plane. Four measuring points of the hovercraft (indicated by A, B, C, and D in the figure) are selected with reference to the reference marks 500. The four measuring points are arranged in a rectangular shape, and the horizontal plane where the measuring points are located is parallel to or coplanar with the horizontal plane where the reference marks 500 are located;

[0070] Measuring component arrangement step: the two reading scales 201 in each measuring component 200 are arranged at the measuring point, and the multiple scales of the reading scale 201 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the horizontal tubes 202 in each measuring component 200 are arranged along the connecting line of two adjacent measuring points, and all the horizontal tubes 202 do not cross;

[0071] Test steps: Pour liquid into all horizontal tubes 202; arrange the ballast 300 according to the ballast 300 moving route planning diagram, and record the reading values ​​of the liquid levels in all horizontal tubes 202 on the corresponding reading scale 201 after the ballast 300 is arranged stably each time;

[0072] Calculation steps: Calculate the moment of pitch per degree and the moment of heel per degree of the hovercraft based on the recorded values.

[0073] It can be understood that the mooring component installation step and the measurement point selection step can be performed alternately, or the measurement point selection step can be completed first and then the mooring component installation step, or the benchmark mark 500 determination step can be completed first, then the mooring component installation step, and finally the measurement point selection. The specific selection can be made according to needs and is not limited here.

[0074] It should be noted that, in the test procedure, the principle of consistent pressure and consistent liquid level at both ends of the horizontal tube 202 (principle of communicating vessels) is utilized. When the hovercraft has longitudinal tilt or transverse tilt, the transparent section of the horizontal tube 202 and the reading scale 201 are fixed on the hull bulkhead. The positions of the two change with the change of the hovercraft, while the liquid height at both ends of the horizontal tube 202 is consistent, so that different height readings can be displayed with the tilt of the hovercraft. The longitudinal and transverse tilt attitudes of the ship can be converted by the height difference. The method is simple and reliable.

[0075] In some embodiments, the reference marks 500 may be fixed inside the bulkhead of the hovercraft, and the horizontal plane formed by all reference marks 500 remains parallel to the ground, so that the hovercraft can still find its original horizontal state after it leaves the horizontal reference of the slipway.

[0076] In some embodiments, in the step of selecting the measuring point, the height of the measuring point from the deck of the hovercraft is 1m to 1.5m, preferably 1.3m, and the reading scale 201 is installed based on the measuring point, which can facilitate the test personnel to observe and read the value. In the step of arranging the measuring components, the height of the center position of the transparent section of the horizontal tube 202 is the same as the height of the corresponding measuring point, so that the horizontal tube 202 has one end of the pipeline at the upper and lower positions of the measuring point, which is convenient for reading the values ​​of the hovercraft in different longitudinal and heel postures.

[0077] In this embodiment, the hovercraft is in a horizontal state after the ballast 300 is first arranged, and at this time, the liquid level readings in all horizontal pipes 202 are 0. In this way, it is convenient to calculate the subsequent test data, reduce the calculation difficulty, and improve the calculation efficiency.

[0078] In the test procedure, the trim moment of the hovercraft is calculated as follows:

[0079] Δhi=(h1i-h2i+h3i-h4i) / 2;

[0080] α i =arctanΔhi;

[0081] M xi =m i × i ;

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Among them, h1i and h2i are the readings at the stern and bow ends of the horizontal tube located on the port side of the hovercraft after each ballast longitudinal movement; h3i and h4i are the readings at the stern and bow ends of the horizontal tube located on the starboard side of the hovercraft after each ballast longitudinal movement; Δhi is the trim value; α i is the trim angle after each ballast longitudinal movement; m i is the ballast weight; x i is the longitudinal movement distance of each ballast; M xi MOD is the longitudinal movement moment for each ballast Li is the pitch moment after each longitudinal movement of the ballast; MOD L is the average longitudinal moment of n ballast longitudinal movements, n ≥ 5.

[0085] In the test procedure, the heeling moment of the hovercraft is calculated as follows:

[0086] δhi=(h5i-h6i+h7i-h8i) / 2;

[0087] β i =arctanδhi;

[0088] M yi =m i ×y i ;

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Among them, h5i and h6i are the readings at the left and right ends of the stern of the hovercraft after each ballast lateral movement; h7i and h8i are the readings at the left and right ends of the bow of the hovercraft after each ballast lateral movement; δhi is the heel value; β i The heel angle produced by each ballast lateral movement; m i is the ballast weight; y i is the lateral movement distance of each ballast; M yi is the moment of each lateral movement; MOD Bi MOD is the heeling moment for each ballast lateral movement; B is the average heeling moment of n ballast lateral movements, n ≥ 5.

[0092] It can be understood that this measurement method obtains the average value of the pitch moment per degree through multiple tests, which can effectively avoid the problem of large errors in a single test.

[0093] In order to facilitate understanding of the layout and movement of each ballast, this embodiment provides a table of ballast movement sequences for measuring the pitch and roll moment per degree, as shown in Table 1.

[0094] Table 1 Sequence of weight movement for measuring the moment of longitudinal and transverse tilt per degree

[0095]

[0096] In other embodiments, the movement planning diagram of the ballast 300 may also adopt other methods. In a single test, the number of the ballasts 300 is not limited to four, but may be other even numbers, which is not limited here.

[0097] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present application in any form, and any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hovercraft pitch and roll moment measuring tool, used to measure the pitch and roll moment per degree of the hovercraft, characterized in that: The hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tool comprises: A plurality of mooring components (100), each of which comprises a mooring tower (101), a mooring bollard (102) and a mooring cable (103), wherein the mooring tower (101) is used to be fixed on the ground, the mooring bollard (102) is used to be fixed on the hovercraft, the mooring cable (103) is used to connect the mooring tower (101) and the mooring bollard (102), and the mooring cable (103) is configured to remain in a relaxed state after the hovercraft is lifted; The mooring towers (101) are respectively located on the ground outside the port side of the stern, outside the starboard side of the stern, outside the port side of the bow and outside the starboard side of the bow, and the mooring bollards (102) are respectively located on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow and the right side of the bow; A plurality of groups of measuring components (200), each group of the measuring components (200) comprising two reading scales (201) and a horizontal tube (202) connecting the two reading scales (201), the two reading scales (201) being respectively arranged at two measuring points of the hovercraft, the horizontal tube (202) being arranged in a U-shape, one end of the horizontal tube (202) being parallel to one reading scale (201), and the other end being parallel to the other reading scale (201), the horizontal tube (202) being arranged so that at least a portion corresponding to the reading scale (201) is a transparent section; A plurality of ballasts (300), each of the ballasts (300) comprises a moving trolley.

2. The hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring tower (101) is provided with a mooring ring, and the height of the mooring ring is set to be the same as the cable tying height of the mooring bollard (102) on the hovercraft after the hovercraft is lifted.

3. The hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ballast (300) further comprises a plurality of weights.

4. The hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tool further comprises a plurality of ballast marks (400), wherein the plurality of ballast marks (400) are arranged in the cabin of the hovercraft according to a moving route planning diagram of the ballast (300).

5. A method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of a hovercraft, characterized in that: Based on the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the hovercraft pitch and roll moment measurement method comprises the following steps: The mooring assembly installation steps include: installing a mooring tower (101) on the ground outside the port side of the stern, outside the starboard side of the stern, outside the port side of the bow, and outside the starboard side of the bow of the hovercraft; arranging mooring piles (102) on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow, and the right side of the bow of the hovercraft, and mooring cables (103) are used to connect the mooring tower (101) and the mooring piles (102), and the mooring cables (103) are arranged to remain in a relaxed state when the hovercraft is lifted; The measuring point selection step comprises: when the hovercraft is in a horizontal reference state on the berth, setting reference marks (500) on the left side of the stern, the right side of the stern, the left side of the bow and the right side of the bow of the hovercraft, all of the reference marks (500) are on the same horizontal plane, and four measuring points of the hovercraft are selected with reference to the reference marks (500), the four measuring points are arranged in a rectangular shape, and the horizontal planes where all the measuring points are located are parallel to or coplanar with the horizontal planes where the reference marks (500) are located; Measuring component arrangement step: two reading scales (201) in each measuring component (200) are arranged at a measuring point, and a plurality of scales of the reading scale (201) are arranged in a vertical direction, and the horizontal tubes (202) in each measuring component (200) are arranged along a connecting line between two adjacent measuring points, and all the horizontal tubes (202) do not cross; Test steps: pouring liquid into all horizontal tubes (202); arranging the ballast (300) according to the ballast (300) moving route planning diagram, and recording the reading values ​​of the liquid levels in all horizontal tubes (202) on the corresponding reading scales (201) after the ballast (300) is arranged stably each time; Calculation steps: Calculate the moment of pitch per degree and the moment of roll per degree of the hovercraft based on the recorded readings.

6. The method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of a hovercraft according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the measuring point selection step, the height of the measuring point from the deck of the hovercraft is 1m to 1.5m.

7. The method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of a hovercraft according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the measurement component arrangement step, the height of the center position of the transparent section of the horizontal tube (202) is the same as the height of the corresponding measurement point.

8. The method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of a hovercraft according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the test step, after the ballast (300) is arranged for the first time, the hovercraft is placed in a horizontal state, at which time the liquid level readings in all horizontal pipes (202) are zero.

9. The method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of a hovercraft according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the test procedure, the trim moment of the hovercraft is calculated as follows: Δhi=(h1i-h2i+h3i-h4i) / 2; a i =arctanΔhi; M xi =m i ×x i ; Among them, h1i and h2i are the readings at the stern and bow ends of the horizontal tube located on the port side of the hovercraft after each ballast longitudinal movement; h3i and h4i are the readings at the stern and bow ends of the horizontal tube located on the starboard side of the hovercraft after each ballast longitudinal movement; Δhi is the trim value; α i is the trim angle after each ballast longitudinal movement; m i is the ballast weight; x i is the longitudinal movement distance of each ballast; M xi MOD is the longitudinal movement moment for each ballast Li MOD is the pitch moment after each longitudinal movement of the ballast; L is the average longitudinal moment of n ballast longitudinal movements, n ≥ 5.

10. The method for measuring the pitch and roll moments of a hovercraft according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the test procedure, the heeling moment of the hovercraft is calculated as follows: δhi=(h5i-h6i+h7i-h8i) / 2; β i =arctanδhi; M yi =m i ×y i ; Among them, h5i and h6i are the readings at the left and right ends of the stern of the hovercraft after each ballast lateral movement; h7i and h8i are the readings at the left and right ends of the bow of the hovercraft after each ballast lateral movement; δhi is the heel value; β i The heel angle produced by each ballast lateral movement; m i is the ballast weight; y i is the lateral movement distance of each ballast; M yi is the moment of each lateral movement; MOD Bi MOD is the heeling moment for each ballast lateral movement; B is the average heeling moment of n ballast lateral movements, n ≥ 5.

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