An electric car coupler and train

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electric car hook and train, electric car hook includes: with the electrical connection end of electric car hook body;End cap, including end cap panel and end cap connecting plate;With the sliding connection of electric car hook body of push mechanism;Self-locking linkage mechanism, including side plate, second connecting rod and third connecting rod, wherein, side plate is provided with chute, the first end of second connecting rod is slidably connected in chute, the second end of second connecting rod is rotatably connected to electric car hook body, the first end of third connecting rod is connected to the same side end cap connecting plate, the second end of third connecting rod is rotatably connected on second connecting rod;By self-locking linkage mechanism, the opening and closing of electric car hook end cap is moved with the extension or retraction of electric car hook, and when electric car hook does not act, electric car hook end cap will be locked in corresponding position, not be influenced by external force to cause flip cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway train coupler technology, and more particularly to an electric coupler and train. Background Technology

[0002] An electric coupler is a component used to connect electric locomotives or vehicles, enabling functions such as traction, braking, and power transmission. In the railway transportation sector, the electric coupler is a crucial component for transmitting signals for multiple-train coupling. It is typically fixed to a mechanical coupler, and its extension and retraction are controlled by a pushing mechanism. Simultaneously with the extension and retraction of the electric coupler, the end caps automatically open and close along a specific trajectory under the control of their own opening and closing mechanisms and the end cap opening and closing drive arms mounted on the mechanical coupler.

[0003] In existing technologies, there are two types of operating schemes for the end cap of electric couplers: the linkage mechanism type and the spring-loaded type. The linkage mechanism type lacks a locking function for the end cap at the corresponding position, making it susceptible to opening and closing under external force, which could lead to excessive stress on the sealing ring. Furthermore, due to the lack of a self-locking function, the force exerted by the cylinder on the electric coupler is transmitted through the linkage mechanism to the sealing ring, potentially causing it to break due to over-compression.

[0004] The tension spring type electric coupler relies on a tension spring structure to close the cover, while opening is achieved by a push cylinder overcoming the spring force. Therefore, the magnitude of the spring force directly affects the opening and closing action of the electric coupler; excessive force leads to difficulty in operation, while insufficient force results in reduced sealing performance. Furthermore, existing tension spring type couplers also pose a risk of reduced protection levels due to the coupler end cover coming into violent contact with the coupler housing under the force of the spring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of related technologies, this invention provides an electric coupler and train that achieves a self-locking function when the electric coupler end cover is opened and closed.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An electric coupler, comprising:

[0008] The electric coupler body has an electrical connection end at its first end.

[0009] End cap: includes an end cap panel and two end cap connecting plates; the two end cap connecting plates are respectively rotatably connected to the two sides of the electrical connection end in the hanging direction; the inner surface of the end cap panel can fit against the electrical connection end, and the two sides of the end cap panel are respectively connected to the end cap connecting plates on the same side.

[0010] The pushing mechanism is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and the electric coupler body is slidably connected to the pushing mechanism. The two ends of the sliding process are defined as the extended end and the retracted end.

[0011] The self-locking linkage mechanism includes: side plates arranged parallel to each other, a second linkage, and a third linkage;

[0012] The side plate is fixedly connected to one side of the pushing mechanism in the hanging direction;

[0013] The first end of the second link slides to the side plate, and the second end of the second link is rotatably connected to the electric coupler body;

[0014] The first end of the third link is connected to the end cap connecting plate on the same side, and the second end of the third link is rotatably connected to the second link;

[0015] During the process of the electric coupler body sliding to the retracted end, the second link moves with the electric coupler body, pulling the third link to make the end cover connecting plate connected to the first end of the third link rotate in the first direction, and the end cover panel rotates to fit the electrical connection end.

[0016] As the electric coupler body slides to its extended position, the second link pulls the third link to move, causing the end cap connecting plate connected to the first end of the third link to rotate in the second direction, and the end cap panel rotates to below the electrical connection end.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-locking linkage mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pushing mechanism along the sliding direction of the electric coupler body.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-locking linkage mechanism further includes:

[0019] The first connecting rod is arranged parallel to the plate surface of the second connecting rod. The first end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the electrical body of the coupler, and the second end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second end of the second connecting rod.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pushing mechanism is disposed above the electric coupler body, and the upper end of the side plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the pushing mechanism extending into position.

[0021] The side plate is provided with a sliding groove, and the first end of the second connecting rod is provided with a slider corresponding to the depth of the sliding groove, and the slider is installed in the sliding groove.

[0022] The first end of the third link is provided with a second rotating shaft, which is connected to the end cover connecting plate on the same side.

[0023] The second end of the third link is provided with a third rotating shaft, which is connected to the middle section of the second link;

[0024] The second end of the second connecting rod is provided with a first rotating shaft, which is connected to the second end of the first connecting rod.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the electric coupler body slides to the retracted end, the self-locking linkage mechanism is laterally projected onto the same plane along the vehicle body movement direction. The vertical distance between the projection point of the second rotating shaft and the projection point of the first rotating shaft is greater than the vertical distance between the projection point of the second rotating shaft and the projection point of the slider, and the included angle between the second end of the second link and the third link is greater than 90°.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the electric coupler body slides to the extended end, the second link and the third link are laterally projected onto the same plane along the vehicle movement direction, and the included angle between the second end of the second link and the third link is greater than 90°.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the slide includes a vertical slide and a horizontal slide that are interconnected; when the electric coupler body slides to the extended end, the slider is located at the top of the vertical slide; when the electric coupler body slides to the retracted end, the slider is located at the end of the horizontal slide.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, a rotating block is connected to the outer side of the end cap connecting plate, and the first end of the third connecting rod is connected to the rotating block on the same side by bolts.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pushing mechanism includes a pushing rod disposed on the pushing mechanism; a sliding block is disposed on the electric coupler body, and the sliding block is sleeved on the pushing rod.

[0030] In addition, the present invention also provides a train including the electric coupler proposed in the present invention.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. This application uses a self-locking linkage mechanism to make the opening and closing of the electric coupler end cover move with the extension or retraction of the electric coupler. When the electric coupler is not moving, the electric coupler end cover will be locked in the corresponding position and will not be affected by external force to cause the cover to flip.

[0033] 2. When the electric coupler body is extended to the end and retracted to the end, the electric coupler end cover has a self-locking function in the corresponding position. It can only be opened by moving the electric coupler body. Applying a rotational force to the electric coupler end cover alone cannot open or close it, thus increasing the safety performance of the electric coupler end cover.

[0034] 3. During operation, each position of the electric coupler body corresponds to only one open or closed state of the end cover. This avoids the situation in the prior art where the end cover of the electric coupler comes into violent contact with the electric coupler body due to the influence of the side tension spring force, thereby improving the protection level of the electric coupler. At the same time, it avoids the risk of operator injury caused by the electric coupler end cover suddenly opening or closing under the action of the tension spring when manually opening and closing the cover of the tension spring structure electric coupler. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing linkage mechanism opening and closing cover type electric coupler;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tension spring-loaded electric coupler in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric coupler when the cover is opened in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric vehicle coupler when the cover is closed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a side view of the electric coupler when its cover is open, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a side view of the electric vehicle coupler with its cover closed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the electric coupler cover opening in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the electric vehicle coupler when the cover is closed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a self-locking linkage mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the self-locking linkage mechanism when the cover of the electric coupler is opened in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structural operation of the self-locking linkage mechanism when the electric vehicle coupler covers are closed, according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] In the above diagram: 1. Electric coupler body; 101 Electrical connection end; 102 Sliding block; 201 End cover panel; 202 End cover connecting plate; 2021 Rotating block; 3 Pushing mechanism; 301 Pushing rod; 401 Side plate; 4011 Slide groove; 402 Second connecting rod; 4021 Sliding block; 403 Third connecting rod; 404 First connecting rod; 501 First rotating shaft; 502 Second rotating shaft; 503 Third rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0050] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] As attached Figure 1 As shown, in the prior art, the linkage mechanism opening and closing cover type electric coupler relies on the cylinder to pull the electric coupler, and the linkage mechanism applies force to the sealing ring to open and close the end cover. However, it has strict requirements on the pushing position. If the pushing position and the retracted position are slightly different, it will lead to the cover not closing tightly or the sealing ring being over-compressed, resulting in a reduction in the life of the sealing ring and affecting the safety performance of the electric coupler.

[0053] As attached Figure 2 As shown, in existing technology, the end cover of a spring-loaded electric coupler relies on a tension spring to maintain its position when closed, and the locking of the end cover is achieved by the spring force of the side tension spring. Therefore, the stiffness of the tension spring is relatively large. When the end cover of the electric coupler rotates to a certain angle, it will quickly return to its original position under the action of the spring force, resulting in violent contact between the end cover and the electric coupler. This movement state poses a risk and requires special protection at the contact point. At the same time, the rotation of the end cover of the electric coupler relies on manual control by the operator. If the tension spring force is too large, it will be difficult to open and close manually. If the tension spring force is too small, or if the resistance increases due to the aging of the sealing ring rubber, it will lead to incomplete closure, thus affecting the protective performance of the electrical connection end of the electric coupler.

[0054] As attached Figure 3 - Appendix Figure 11 As shown, in one illustrative embodiment of an electric coupler of the present invention, it includes:

[0055] The electric coupler body 1 has an electrical connection end 101 at its first end face. Typically, the electric coupler body 1 is a cuboid with the horizontal direction being the coupling direction and the side extending along the coupling direction being the electrical connection end 101. The electrical connection end 101 is provided with an electrical connection plug.

[0056] End cap: includes end cap panel 201 and two end cap connecting plates 202; the two end cap connecting plates 202 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the electrical connection end 101 in the coupling direction; the inner surface of the end cap panel 201 can fit against the electrical connection end 101, and the two sides of the end cap panel 201 are respectively connected to the end cap connecting plates 202 on the same side; the end cap panel 201 is installed on the electric coupler body 1 and can be opened and closed relative to the electrical connection end 101 of the electric coupler body 1. When the end cap panel 201 is rotated downward, the cover is opened and the electrical connection end 101 is exposed; when the end cap panel is rotated upward, the cover is closed and the electrical connection end 101 is closed.

[0057] The pushing mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and the electric coupler body 1 is slidably connected to the pushing mechanism 3. The two ends of the sliding process are defined as the extended end and the retracted end. The extended end is the state in which the end cover panel 201 is rotated to the lower surface of the electric coupler body and the electrical connection end 101 is fully exposed. The retracted end is the state in which the end cover panel 201 is rotated to fit the electrical connection end 101 and the electrical connection end 101 is completely closed. In some embodiments, the pushing mechanism 3 is installed on a mechanical coupler fixedly connected to the vehicle body.

[0058] The self-locking linkage mechanism includes: a side plate 401, a second link 402, and a third link 403 arranged parallel to each other; the plate surfaces of the side plate 401, the second link 402, and the third link 403 are parallel to each other to achieve rotational movement in a parallel plane.

[0059] Side plate 401 is fixedly connected to one side of the push mechanism 3 in the hanging direction;

[0060] The first end of the second link 402 is slidably connected to the side plate 401, and the second end of the second link 402 is rotatably connected to the electric coupler body 1.

[0061] The first end of the third link 403 is connected to the end cap connecting plate 202 on the same side, and the second end of the third link 403 is rotatably connected to the second link 402.

[0062] During the process of the electric coupler body 1 sliding to the retracted end, the second link 402 moves with the electric coupler body 1, pulling the third link 403 so that the end cover connecting plate 202 connected to the first end of the third link 403 rotates in the first direction, and the end cover panel 201 rotates to fit the electrical connection end 101.

[0063] As the electric coupler body 1 slides to the extended end, the second link 402 pulls the third link 403 to move, so that the end cover connecting plate 202 connected to the first end of the third link 403 rotates in the second direction, and the end cover panel 201 rotates to below the electrical connection end.

[0064] In this embodiment, the opening and closing action of the end cover panel 201 follows the movement of the electric coupler body 1. The self-locking linkage mechanism senses the horizontal sliding of the electric coupler body 1 and transmits the force to the end cover connecting plate 202, thereby pulling the end cover panel 201 to rotate. In this movement, if the electric coupler body 1 has no horizontal displacement and only applies a force to the end cover panel 201, then due to the motion logic formed by the self-locking linkage mechanism, the rotation trend of the end cover panel 202 is synchronized with the movement trend of the electric coupler body 1. The end cover panel 201 cannot rotate under a single force, thereby achieving the effect of locking the state of the end cover panel 201.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first direction is clockwise and the second direction is counterclockwise.

[0066] In some embodiments, the self-locking linkage mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pushing mechanism 3 along the sliding direction of the electric coupler body 1. The self-locking linkage mechanism arranged on both sides facilitates the opening and closing of the end cover panel 201, making the self-locking function more accurate and safer.

[0067] In some embodiments, the self-locking linkage mechanism further includes:

[0068] The first connecting rod 404 is arranged parallel to the plate surface of the second connecting rod 402. The first end of the first connecting rod 404 is fixedly connected to the electrical body 1 of the coupler, and the second end of the first connecting rod 404 is rotatably connected to the second end of the second connecting rod 402. The length of the first connecting rod 404 is adjusted to regulate the relationship between the angular displacement of the end cover connecting plate 202 and the horizontal displacement of the electrical coupler body 1, thereby more accurately controlling the opening and closing of the end cover panel 201 when it is extended to the end and retracted to the end. Simultaneously, the first connecting rod 404 can also adjust the relative distance between the self-locking linkage mechanism and the electrical coupler body 1, thus preventing the transmission of the self-locking linkage mechanism from being affected by the housing of the electrical coupler body 1.

[0069] In some embodiments, the pushing mechanism 3 is disposed above the electric coupler body 1, and the upper end of the side plate 401 is fixedly connected to both sides of the pushing mechanism 3 extending into its position.

[0070] A slide groove 4011 is provided on the side plate 401. The slide groove 4011 is provided along the height direction of the side plate 401. A slider 4021 corresponding to the depth of the slide groove 4011 is provided at the first end of the second connecting rod 402. The slider 4021 is installed in the slide groove 4011. The slider 4021 can only move in the slide groove 4011. The length of the slide groove 4011 is the length of the movement trajectory that the slider 4021 can move.

[0071] The first end of the third link 403 is provided with a second rotating shaft 502, which is connected to the end cover connecting plate 202 on the same side.

[0072] The second end of the third link 403 is provided with a third rotating shaft 503, which is connected to the middle section of the second link 402;

[0073] The second end of the second connecting rod 402 is provided with a first rotating shaft 501, which is connected to the second end of the first connecting rod 404.

[0074] In some embodiments, the pushing mechanism 3 may be located below the electric coupler body 1, and the setting position and motion logic of the self-locking linkage mechanism shall also be adjusted accordingly.

[0075] In this embodiment, a corresponding rotating shaft is added at the position where the connecting rod is rotatably connected to facilitate the transmission of force. At the same time, the side plate 401 is limited to the extended end of the pushing mechanism 3 to limit the movement trajectory of each component of the self-locking linkage mechanism.

[0076] For example, see attached Figure 6 As shown, the electric coupler is in the closed state at this time, and the end cover panel 201 is attached to the electrical connection end 101. If a downward force is applied to the end cover panel 201 alone, the movement trend is as follows: the end cover panel 201 rotates counterclockwise, and the third link 403 rotates counterclockwise around the fixed point of the second rotation axis 502, causing the second link 402 connected to it to move to the rear end. Since the electric coupler body 1 is in the retracted end, the second link 402 cannot continue to move to the rear end, and the movement trend of the above components is hindered by the self-locking linkage mechanism, so as to realize the self-locking function when the end cover panel is in the closed state.

[0077] Similarly, as shown in the appendix Figure 5 As shown, when the electric coupler is in the open state, the electric coupler body 1 is in the extended position and cannot continue to move forward, which hinders the movement of each component of the self-locking linkage mechanism, so as to realize the self-locking function of the end cover panel in the open state.

[0078] In some embodiments, when the electric coupler body slides to its retracted position, the self-locking linkage mechanism is laterally projected onto the same plane along the vehicle's direction of movement. The vertical distance between the projection point of the second rotating shaft 502 and the projection point of the first rotating shaft 501 is greater than the vertical distance between the projection point of the second rotating shaft 502 and the projection point of the slider 4021, and the angle between the second end of the second link 402 and the third link 403 is greater than 90°. It should be noted that the lateral direction of the vehicle's direction of movement refers to the transverse direction of the train.

[0079] For example, see attached Figure 11 As shown, α is the angle between the second end of the second link 402 and the third link 403. When the electric coupler body slides to the retracted end, the end cover panel 201 is closed. Since α is greater than 90°, the movement trend between the second link 402 and the third link 403 is as follows: the third link 403 tilts to the right, which pushes the second link 402 to the left, increasing the self-locking angle α, and making the end cover panel 201 more self-locking. If an external force is applied to open the end cover panel 201 at this time, the movement trend of the third link 403 is to rotate counterclockwise around the second rotation axis 502. Since the self-locking angle α is greater than 90°, the force on the second link 402 can be decomposed into a downward force and a backward force. However, the second link 402 is restricted by the position of the slider 4021 and the electric coupler body 1 and cannot move in the direction of the force, thus achieving self-locking when the cover is closed.

[0080] In some embodiments, when the electric coupler body slides to its extended position, the second link and the third link are projected onto the same plane along the axial direction of the vehicle body, and the included angle between the second end of the second link and the third link is greater than 90°. For example, see attached... Figure 10 As shown, α is the angle between the second end of the second link 402 and the third link 403. When the electric coupler body slides to the extended end, the end cover panel 201 is in the open state. Since α is greater than 90°, the movement trend between the second link 402 and the third link 403 is as follows: the second link 402 tilts to the right, which drives the third link 403 to pull the end cover connecting plate 202 counterclockwise, so that the self-locking angle α increases and the end cover panel 201 tends to self-lock more. If an external force is applied to close the end cover panel 201 at this time, the movement tendency of the third link 403 is to rotate clockwise around the second rotation axis 502. Since the self-locking angle α is greater than 90°, the force on the second link 402 can be decomposed into a tendency for the slider 4021 to move backward and a tendency for the first rotation axis 501 to move forward. However, since the slide groove 4011 restricts the movement trajectory of the slider 4021, the first link 404 connected to the first rotation axis 501 is fixedly connected to the electric coupler body 1, making it unable to move in the direction of the force, thus achieving self-locking when opening the cover.

[0081] In some embodiments, the slide 4011 includes a vertical slide and a horizontal slide that are interconnected; when the electric coupler body 1 slides to the extended end, the slider 4021 is located at the top of the vertical slide; when the electric coupler body 1 slides to the retracted end, the slider 4021 is located at the end of the horizontal slide. The top of the vertical slide restricts the slider 4021 from continuing to move upward, thereby helping to achieve self-locking when the electric coupler is opened, and the end of the horizontal slide restricts the slider 4021 from continuing to move rearward, thereby helping to achieve self-locking when the electric coupler is closed.

[0082] In some embodiments, a rotating block 2021 is connected to the outer side of the end cap connecting plate 202, and the first end of the third connecting rod 403 is connected to the rotating block 2021 on the same side by bolts. For example, the first end of the third connecting rod 403 passes through the rotating block 2021, and the protruding part is fastened with bolts to facilitate the transmission of force.

[0083] In some embodiments, the pushing mechanism 3 includes a pushing rod 301 disposed on the pushing mechanism 3; a sliding block 102 is disposed on the electric coupler body 1, and the sliding block 102 is sleeved on the pushing rod 301. The sliding block 102 slides on the pushing rod 301. Preferably, multiple pushing rods 301 may be provided, and correspondingly, multiple sliding blocks 102 sleeved on the corresponding pushing rods are also provided to improve the stability of the electric coupler body 1 during the extension and retraction process.

[0084] In addition, the present invention also provides a train including the electric coupler proposed in the present invention.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0086] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric coupler, characterized in that, include: The electric coupler body has an electrical connection end at its first end. End cap: includes an end cap panel and two end cap connecting plates; the two end cap connecting plates are respectively rotatably connected to the two sides of the electrical connection end in the hanging direction; the inner surface of the end cap panel can fit against the electrical connection end, and the two sides of the end cap panel are respectively connected to the end cap connecting plates on the same side. The pushing mechanism is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and the electric coupler body is slidably connected to the pushing mechanism. The two ends of the sliding process are defined as the extended end and the retracted end. The self-locking linkage mechanism includes: side plates arranged parallel to each other, a second linkage, and a third linkage; The side plate is fixedly connected to one side of the pushing mechanism in the hanging direction; The first end of the second link is slidably connected to the side plate, and the second end of the second link is rotatably connected to the electric coupler body; The side plate is provided with a sliding groove, and the first end of the second connecting rod is provided with a slider corresponding to the depth of the sliding groove. The slider is installed in the sliding groove. The sliding groove includes a vertical sliding groove and a horizontal sliding groove that are connected to each other. The first end of the third link is connected to the end cap connecting plate on the same side, and the second end of the third link is rotatably connected to the second link; The first end of the third link is provided with a second rotating shaft, which is connected to the end cover connecting plate on the same side. The second end of the third link is provided with a third rotating shaft, which is connected to the middle section of the second link; The second end of the second connecting rod is provided with a first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is connected to the second end of the first connecting rod; During the process of the electric coupler body sliding to the retracted end, the second link moves with the electric coupler body, pulling the third link to make the end cap connecting plate connected to the first end of the third link rotate in the first direction, and the end cap panel rotates to fit the electrical connection end; when the electric coupler body slides to the retracted end, the self-locking link mechanism is laterally projected into the same plane along the vehicle movement direction, the vertical distance between the projection point of the second rotation axis and the projection point of the first rotation axis is greater than the vertical distance between the projection point of the second rotation axis and the projection point of the slider, and the included angle between the second end of the second link and the third link is greater than 90°; As the electric coupler body slides to the extended end, the second link pulls the third link to move, causing the end cap connecting plate connected to the first end of the third link to rotate in the second direction, and the end cap panel rotates to below the electrical connection end; when the electric coupler body slides to the extended end, the second link and the third link are laterally projected onto the same plane along the vehicle movement direction, and the included angle between the second end of the second link and the third link is greater than 90°.

2. The electric coupler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The self-locking linkage mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pushing mechanism along the sliding direction of the electric coupler body.

3. The electric coupler as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The self-locking linkage mechanism further includes: a first link, which is arranged parallel to the plate surface of the second link, a first end of the first link being fixedly connected to the coupler electrical body, and a second end of the first link being rotatably connected to the second end of the second link.

4. The electric coupler as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The pushing mechanism is located above the electric coupler body, and the upper end of the side plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the extended end of the pushing mechanism.

5. The electric coupler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the electric coupler body slides to the extended end, the slider is located at the top of the vertical groove; when the electric coupler body slides to the retracted end, the slider is located at the end of the horizontal groove.

6. The electric coupler as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A rotating block is connected to the outer side of the end cap connecting plate, and the first end of the third connecting rod is connected to the rotating block on the same side by bolts.

7. The electric coupler as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The pushing mechanism includes a pushing rod disposed on the pushing mechanism; the electric coupler body is provided with a sliding block, which is sleeved on the pushing rod.

8. A train, characterized in that, Includes the electric coupler as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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