A high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment device and method for dyeing and printing waste salt

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment device and method for textile dyeing waste salt. It utilizes granular textile dyeing waste salt as the target material, constructing a circulating flow system for the waste salt. A fluidized bed plasma reactor is introduced into this circulating flow system, thereby increasing the processing capacity of the textile dyeing waste salt and effectively solving the problem of low processing capacity in traditional plasma treatment processes. Simultaneously, this invention introduces a guide plate structure into the fluidized bed plasma reactor, increasing the flow path of the textile dyeing waste salt. Furthermore, the carrier gas in this invention is introduced into the fluidized bed plasma reactor from bottom to top, allowing the carrier gas to block the downward flow of the textile dyeing waste salt, further extending the residence time of the waste salt in the fluidized bed plasma reactor, reducing the descent rate of the waste salt, and facilitating sufficient contact between the waste salt and active free radicals, thus improving the degradation efficiency of organic matter in the waste salt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of waste salt treatment equipment, specifically relating to a high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing and printing waste salt treatment device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Waste salt refers to saline liquid or solid waste salt containing toxic and harmful components generated during industrial production processes or wastewater treatment. Industrial waste salt has a wide range of sources, involving many industries such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and printing and dyeing. It contains a large number of toxic and harmful substances, is highly toxic, difficult to degrade, often has an irritating odor, and easily pollutes soil, groundwater, and air.

[0003] With the rapid development of the national economy, the output of various industrial waste salts is increasing. Currently, the treatment of waste salts usually adopts high-temperature pyrolysis, which utilizes the high-temperature decomposition characteristics of organic matter. However, when dealing with waste salts containing high levels of chloride ions, organic matter easily combines with chloride ions under high-temperature conditions to generate substances such as dioxins, causing secondary pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new technology to solve this problem.

[0004] Currently, many research institutions and enterprises are studying the use of plasma to treat waste salt. The principle is to utilize the active free radicals generated by plasma discharge to conduct an oxidation-reduction reaction with the organic matter in the waste salt, decomposing the organic matter and thus removing it. Its advantages include not requiring fuel to provide heat compared to traditional high-temperature treatment, thus improving energy efficiency and safety, and avoiding the risk of equipment damage from waste salt sintering during high-temperature treatment. This technology is based on tubular discharge devices, but it still has certain limitations in actual treatment, primarily its small processing capacity and low efficiency. Traditional plasma devices can only process less than 1 kg of waste salt at a time. Therefore, improving processing capacity and efficiency has become an important research direction for plasma waste salt treatment technology.

[0005] Based on the above problems, this invention studies a fluidized bed dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment device, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing tubular discharge device by improving its form. The original tubular type is improved to a plate type to increase the processing capacity, and the internal guide plate of the reactor and the external circulation pump are used to increase the contact between waste salt and active free radicals, thereby improving the reaction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment device and method for dyeing and printing waste salt.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment device for textile dyeing waste salt, comprising a blower, a circulating pump, a power supply system, a cooling circulation system, and a reactor body. The reactor body includes a fluidized bed plasma reactor and a material silo. The top opening of the fluidized bed plasma reactor is connected to and communicates with the top opening of the material silo; the fluidized bed plasma reactor is used for fluidized plasma reaction. The material silo is used to store textile dyeing waste salt. The power supply system is used to supply power to the fluidized bed plasma reactor.

[0008] The air outlet of the blower is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the material silo; the blower is used to input the carrier gas into the device; the top of the reactor body is provided with a material inlet and a carrier gas outlet; the carrier gas outlet is used to discharge the carrier gas after reacting with the dyeing waste salt.

[0009] The inlet and outlet of the circulating pump are connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the material silo and the material inlet of the reactor body, respectively. The circulating pump is used to transport the dyeing waste salt in the material silo to the top of the device through the material inlet. The fluidized bed plasma reactor is equipped with multiple inclined guide plates arranged from top to bottom; the inclination directions of adjacent guide plates are opposite and they are staggered in the horizontal direction to form waste salt particle flow channels.

[0010] The fluidized bed plasma reactor is equipped with a cooling circulation system; the cooling circulation system is used to adjust the reaction temperature of the fluidized bed plasma reactor to 100℃~130℃.

[0011] During operation, granular dyeing waste salt flows in a fluidized bed plasma reactor. Carrier gas, supplied by a blower, enters the reactor from bottom to top. The reactor undergoes plasma discharge, generating active free radicals in the carrier gas, which degrade the organic matter in the dyeing waste salt. Simultaneously, the upward-flowing carrier gas prevents the dyeing waste salt from flowing downwards, prolonging its residence time in the waste salt particle flow channel.

[0012] Preferably, the reactor body further includes a vibrating screen installed above the fluidized bed plasma reactor; the material inlet of the reactor body is located at the top of the vibrating screen; the top opening of the vibrating screen communicates with the top of the fluidized bed plasma reactor. The vibrating screen contains multiple layers of screening mesh arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; the screening mesh is used to ensure that dyeing waste salt is uniformly output from different positions at the bottom of the vibrating screen.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling circulation system includes a circulating water pump, a water tank, and cooling water pipes; the cooling water pipes are wound around the outside of the fluidized bed plasma reactor. The water tank, circulating water pump, and cooling water pipes are connected in sequence to form a cooling water circuit.

[0014] Preferably, the angle between the guide plate and the vertical plane is 50°.

[0015] Preferably, the material silo is shaped like a sloping bucket, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and the angle between the two side plates of the material silo and the horizontal plane is 50°.

[0016] Preferably, the power supply system includes a high-voltage electrode plate and a low-voltage electrode plate; slots are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed plasma reactor; the high-voltage electrode plate and the low-voltage electrode plate are respectively fixed in the two slots.

[0017] Preferably, the screen plate of the vibrating screen is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); the reaction tube in the fluidized bed plasma reactor is made of quartz; the material silo is made of PTFE; and the cooling water pipe is a square quartz tube.

[0018] Preferably, of the two ends of the guide plate, the higher end is the fixed end and the lower end is the outlet end; the fixed end of the guide plate is fixed to one of the inner cavity sidewalls of the fluidized bed plasma reactor; the edge of the other end of the guide plate is spaced apart from the other inner cavity sidewall of the fluidized bed plasma reactor.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention provides a high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment method for dyeing and printing waste salts, using the aforementioned high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment device for dyeing and printing waste salts. This high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment method for dyeing and printing waste salts includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Load the waste salt from printing and dyeing into the material silo, and turn on the fan, power supply system, and cooling circulation system. The fan introduces carrier gas into the fluidized bed plasma reactor, which flows upwards through the reactor body. The power supply system supplies power to the fluidized bed plasma reactor, initiating discharge within the reactor and generating active free radicals in the carrier gas within the waste salt particle flow channels.

[0021] Step 2: Start the circulation pump to transport the dyeing waste salt in the material silo to the top of the vibrating screen through the material inlet. Control the multiple layers of screening screens in the vibrating screen to vibrate and screen the dyeing waste salt, so that the dyeing waste salt is evenly output from different positions at the bottom of the vibrating screen to the top of the fluidized bed plasma reactor cavity.

[0022] Step 3: The waste salt from printing and dyeing flows along the waste salt particle channels formed by multiple guide plates. In the carrier gas, active free radicals generated by discharge degrade the organic matter in the waste salt. Simultaneously, the upward-flowing carrier gas obstructs the downward flow of the waste salt, prolonging its residence time in the waste salt particle channels. The reacted carrier gas exits the reactor body through the outlet, and the waste salt from the waste salt particle channels falls into the material silo. The flow rate of cooling water in the cooling circulation system is adjusted to control the temperature of the fluidized bed plasma reactor between 100℃ and 130℃.

[0023] Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the waste salt treatment is complete.

[0024] Preferably, the discharge voltage of the fluidized bed plasma reactor is 20–50 kV.

[0025] Preferably, the residence time of the waste salt in the fluidized bed plasma reactor is 7s to 10s.

[0026] Preferably, the air volume of the fan is 500m³ / h. 3 / h; the maximum flow rate of the circulating water pump is 30L / min; the flow rate of the circulating pump is greater than 10m³ / h. 3 / h; the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is 16Hz~24Hz.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] 1. This invention targets granular dyeing waste salt and constructs a circulating flow system for the waste salt. A fluidized bed plasma reactor is introduced into this circulating flow system, enabling the invention to process large quantities of dyeing waste salt in a cycle. This increases the processing capacity of the waste salt per cycle, allowing for the treatment of over 10 kg of dyeing waste salt per batch, effectively solving the problem of low processing capacity in traditional plasma treatment of dyeing waste salt. Furthermore, the flowing waste salt helps to improve the uniform and sufficient contact between the waste salt and the carrier gas, enhancing the adequacy of plasma treatment and achieving a degradation efficiency of over 95% for organic matter in the waste salt.

[0029] 2. This invention introduces a guide plate structure into the fluidized bed plasma reactor, increasing the flow path of dyeing and printing waste salts and reducing their descent velocity. This helps to ensure sufficient contact between the waste salts and active free radicals, promoting the complete removal of organic pollutants from the waste salts. Simultaneously, this invention introduces the carrier gas from bottom to top into the fluidized bed plasma reactor, which prevents the waste salts from flowing downwards, further extending their residence time within the reactor. Furthermore, the counter-current flow of the carrier gas and waste salts helps to increase their relative velocity, thereby improving reaction efficiency.

[0030] 3. The fluidized bed plasma reaction system provided by the present invention can degrade organic pollutants in dyeing and printing waste salt at low temperatures of 100℃~130℃, which helps to reduce the treatment temperature of dyeing and printing waste salt. This invention, after introducing a cooling circulation system, can avoid the situation where dyeing and printing waste salt sinters during the treatment process, causing the fluidized bed plasma reactor to break. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device used in this invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device used in this invention.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Fan; 2. Circulating pump; 3. Vibrating screen; 4. Carrier gas outlet; 5. High-pressure electrode plate; 6. Low-pressure electrode plate; 7. Guide plate; 8. Fluidized bed plasma reactor; 9. Material silo; 10. Cooling circulation system. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma treatment device for dyeing and printing waste salt includes a blower 1, a circulating pump 2, a power supply system, a reactor body, and a cooling circulation system 10. The reactor body includes a vibrating screen 3, a fluidized bed plasma reactor 8, and a material silo 9 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top opening of the vibrating screen 3 communicates with the top of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8. Multiple layers of screening screens are arranged vertically at intervals inside the vibrating screen 3; the screening screens are used to ensure that the dyeing and printing waste salt is uniformly output from different positions at the bottom of the vibrating screen 3. The top of the vibrating screen 3 is equipped with a material inlet and a carrier gas outlet 4; the carrier gas outlet 4 is used to discharge the carrier gas after reacting with the dyeing and printing waste salt. The fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 is used for fluidized plasma reaction. The material silo 9 is used to store the dyeing and printing waste salt. The power supply system supplies power to the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8. The fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 has four inclined guide plates 7 arranged from top to bottom inside. The fixed end of the guide plate 7 is fixed to one of the inner cavity sidewalls of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8; the other edge of the guide plate 7 is spaced apart from the other inner cavity sidewall of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8. The angle between the guide plate 7 and the vertical plane is 50°. The inclination directions of two adjacent guide plates 7 are opposite and they are staggered in the horizontal direction to form a waste salt particle flow channel, which prolongs the residence time of dyeing waste salt in the waste salt particle flow channel, thereby improving the reaction efficiency. The fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 is equipped with a cooling circulation system 10. The cooling circulation system 10 is used to adjust the reaction temperature of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 to 100℃~130℃. The cooling circulation system 10 includes a circulating water pump, a water tank, connecting water pipes and cooling water pipes. The cooling water pipes are wrapped around the outside of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 to increase the contact area while avoiding the influence of circulating water on the discharge, so that the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 is in a medium and low temperature environment. A water tank, circulating water pump, connecting water pipes, and cooling water pipes are connected in sequence to form a cooling water circuit. The top opening of the material silo 9 is connected to the top opening of the bed plasma reactor 8. The material silo 9 is shaped like a sloping bucket, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and the angle between the two side plates of the material silo 9 and the horizontal plane is 50°, so that the dyeing waste salt can be concentrated at a fixed position at the bottom after entering the material silo 9, which is convenient for the circulation pump 2 to extract. The material silo 9 is equipped with a material inlet for loading and unloading the dyeing waste salt. The air outlet of the blower 1 is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the material silo 9. The blower 1 is used to input carrier gas into the reactor body. The inlet and outlet of the circulation pump 2 are connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the material silo 9 and the material inlet of the vibrating screen 3, respectively. The circulation pump 2 is used to transport the dyeing waste salt in the material silo 9 to the top of the vibrating screen 3 through the material inlet.The power supply system includes a power controller, a transformer, and electrode plates connected in sequence. The power controller converts AC power into DC power and regulates the voltage. The transformer rectifies the voltage provided by the power controller. The electrode plates are divided into a high-voltage electrode plate 5 and a low-voltage electrode plate 6. Slots are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8. The high-voltage electrode plate 5 and the low-voltage electrode plate 6 are fixed in the two slots respectively to provide power to the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8.

[0036] In this embodiment, the circulating pump 2 is treated with anti-corrosion coating; the screen plate in the vibrating screen 3 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with dimensions of 250mm, 20mm, and 100mm (length, width, and height); the reaction tube of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 is made of quartz with dimensions of 250mm, 20mm, and 800mm (length, width, and height); the guide plate 7 is 300mm long; the material bin 9 is made of PTFE with dimensions of 250mm, 80mm, and 100mm (length, width, and height); the cooling water pipe is a square quartz tube; and the connecting water pipe is a rubber hose for easy connection and replacement.

[0037] The working principle of this plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device is as follows:

[0038] Step 1: Load the waste salt from printing and dyeing into the material silo 9, and turn on the blower 1, power supply system, and cooling circulation system 10. The blower 1 introduces carrier gas into the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8, which flows upwards through the reactor body. The power controller in the power supply system is connected to the 380V power grid, converting AC power to DC power and adjusting the voltage. The voltage provided by the power controller is boosted by a transformer to 20kV–50kV, and then applied to the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 via electrode plates, achieving dielectric barrier plasma discharge and generating active free radicals in the carrier gas within the waste salt particle flow channel.

[0039] Step 2: Start the circulating pump 2 to transport the dyeing waste salt from the material bin 9 to the top of the vibrating screen 3 through the material inlet. Control the multiple layers of screening mesh in the vibrating screen 3 to vibrate and screen the dyeing waste salt, ensuring that the waste salt is evenly output from different positions at the bottom of the vibrating screen 3 to the top of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8, avoiding uneven feeding. The vibration frequency of the vibrating screen 3 is controlled between 16 and 24 Hz to ensure smooth material passage through the screen holes while reducing screen wear and preventing screen breakage.

[0040] Step 3: The dyeing waste salt output to the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 flows along the waste salt particle channel formed by multiple guide plates 7, increasing the residence time of the dyeing waste salt in the waste salt particle channel. In the carrier gas, the active free radicals generated by the discharge degrade the organic matter in the dyeing waste salt. Simultaneously, the upward flow of the carrier gas prevents the dyeing waste salt from flowing downwards, prolonging the residence time of the dyeing waste salt in the waste salt particle channel, thus significantly improving the contact efficiency between the dyeing waste salt and the active free radicals. Under normal gravity, the residence time of the dyeing waste salt in the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 is 7–10 seconds. After colliding with the active free radicals generated by the plasma, the carrier gas is discharged from the reactor body through the air outlet 4, and the dyeing waste salt output from the waste salt particle channel falls into the material hopper 9. The flow rate of the circulating water pump in the cooling circulation system 10 is adjusted to control the temperature of the fluidized bed plasma reactor 8 at 100℃–130℃, ensuring a low-to-medium temperature environment during plasma discharge.

[0041] Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the dyeing waste salt is completely treated. Then, sequentially shut down the power supply system, fan 1, circulating pump 2, and cooling circulation system 10. Remove the dyeing waste salt from the material silo 9 to complete the overall resource recovery process. This plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device can process more than 10 kg of dyeing waste salt at a time, and the degradation efficiency of organic matter in the dyeing waste salt can reach more than 95%, effectively solving the difficulties in the plasma treatment process of dyeing waste salt.

[0042] In this embodiment, the air volume of fan 1 is 500m³ / h. 3 / h; the maximum flow rate of the circulating water pump is 30L / min; the flow rate of circulating pump 2 is greater than 10m³ / h. 3 / h.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device, characterized in that: The dyeing and printing waste salt treatment device includes a blower (1), a circulating pump (2), a power supply system, a cooling circulation system (10), and a reactor body; the reactor body includes a fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) and a material silo (9); the top opening of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) is connected to and communicates with the top opening of the material silo (9); the power supply system is used to supply power to the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8); The air outlet of the blower (1) is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the material silo (9); the top of the reactor body is provided with a material inlet and a carrier gas outlet (4); The inlet and outlet of the circulating pump (2) are respectively connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the material bin (9) and the material inlet of the reactor body; the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) is provided with multiple inclined guide plates (7) arranged from top to bottom; the inclination directions of two adjacent guide plates (7) are opposite and they are staggered in the horizontal direction to form a waste salt particle flow channel; The fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) is equipped with a cooling circulation system (10); the cooling circulation system (10) is used to adjust the reaction temperature of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) to 100℃~130℃; During operation, granular dyeing waste salt flows in the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8); the carrier gas input by the blower (1) enters the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) from bottom to top; the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) performs plasma discharge, and the carrier gas generates active free radicals to degrade the organic matter in the dyeing waste salt.

2. The high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor body also includes a vibrating screen (3) installed above the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8); the material inlet of the reactor body is located at the top of the vibrating screen (3); the top opening of the vibrating screen (3) is connected to the top of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8); the vibrating screen (3) is provided with multiple layers of screening mesh arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

3. The high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling circulation system (10) includes a circulating water pump, a water tank and a cooling water pipe; the cooling water pipe is wrapped around the outside of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8); the water tank, the circulating water pump and the cooling water pipe are connected in sequence to form a cooling water circuit.

4. The high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the guide plate (7) and the vertical plane is 50°.

5. The high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material silo (9) is shaped like a sloping bucket, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and the angle between the two side plates of the material silo (9) and the horizontal plane is 50°.

6. The high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply system includes a high-voltage electrode plate (5) and a low-voltage electrode plate (6); the inner cavity of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) is provided with slots on both sides; the high-voltage electrode plate (5) and the low-voltage electrode plate (6) are respectively fixed in the two slots.

7. The high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Of the two ends of the guide plate (7), the higher end is the fixed end and the lower end is the outlet end; the fixed end of the guide plate (7) is fixed to one of the inner cavity sidewalls of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8); the other edge of the guide plate (7) is spaced apart from the other inner cavity sidewall of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8).

8. A highly efficient fluidized bed plasma treatment method for dyeing and printing waste salt, characterized in that: Using the high-efficiency fluidized bed plasma dyeing waste salt treatment device as described in claim 2; This efficient fluidized bed plasma treatment method for dyeing and printing waste salts includes the following steps: Step 1: Load the waste salt from printing and dyeing into the material silo (9), and turn on the blower (1), power supply system and cooling circulation system (10); introduce carrier gas into the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) through the blower (1), and the carrier gas flows from bottom to top in the main body of the reactor; the power supply system supplies power to the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8), so that the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) starts to discharge, and the carrier gas in the waste salt particle flow channel generates active free radicals; Step 2: Turn on the circulating pump (2) to transport the dyeing waste salt in the material bin (9) to the top of the vibrating screen (3) through the material inlet; control the multi-layer screening screen in the vibrating screen (3) to vibrate and screen the dyeing waste salt, so that the dyeing waste salt is evenly output from different positions at the bottom of the vibrating screen (3) to the top of the inner cavity of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8). Step 3: The waste salt from printing and dyeing flows along the waste salt particle channel formed by multiple guide plates (7); the active free radicals generated by the discharge in the carrier gas degrade the organic matter in the waste salt from printing and dyeing. At the same time, the carrier gas from bottom to top blocks the waste salt from flowing downward, prolonging the residence time of the waste salt in the waste salt particle channel; the carrier gas after the reaction is discharged from the air outlet (4) and the waste salt from printing and dyeing output from the waste salt particle channel falls into the material bin (9); the flow rate of cooling water in the cooling circulation system (10) is adjusted to control the temperature of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) at 100℃~130℃; Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the waste salt treatment is complete.

9. The efficient fluidized bed plasma treatment method for dyeing and printing waste salts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The discharge voltage of the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) is 20kV to 50kV.

10. The efficient fluidized bed plasma treatment method for dyeing and printing waste salts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The residence time of the waste salt in the fluidized bed plasma reactor (8) is 7s to 10s; the air volume of the blower (1) is 500m³. 3 / h; the maximum flow rate of the circulating water pump is 30L / min; the flow rate of the circulating pump (2) is greater than 10m 3 / h; the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen (3) is 16Hz~24Hz.

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