A method for predicting water volume in power stations based on remote sensing technology and 3D GIS system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for predicting water volume of a power station based on remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system. The method comprises: importing precipitation image remote sensing data into a three-dimensional GIS system; predicting precipitation according to the precipitation image remote sensing data, wherein the predicted precipitation information includes precipitation area and rainfall within a certain period of time; dividing the precipitation area based on the same surface type as a principle, and determining a plurality of sub-precipitation areas; predicting water volume for each sub-precipitation area respectively; and determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area. By performing separate water volume prediction based on sub-precipitation areas of the same surface type as a unit, the computing power requirement in the water volume prediction process is reduced, and the accurate water volume of the power station within a period of time can be predicted in advance with relatively low computing power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of hydropower station monitoring, and in particular to a method for predicting water volume of a power station based on image remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system. Background Art

[0002] The power generation and safety and stability of hydropower stations are affected by the water volume in the relevant river basins. Especially in the rainy season, hydropower stations need to formulate corresponding safety strategies and power generation strategies in advance to cope with the increase in water volume caused by heavy rainfall.

[0003] In order to timely and accurately understand the water volume of the power station, the data of the hydrological monitoring points in the relevant river basin can be obtained for prediction, or combined with weather data for prediction. However, the data of the hydrological monitoring points has a certain lag, and the systematic precipitation simulation calculation consumes huge computing power and resources. Therefore, it is currently impossible to predict the accurate water volume of the power station within a period of time in advance with relatively low computing power consumption. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to propose a power station water volume prediction method based on image remote sensing technology and three-dimensional GIS system to solve the problem that it is impossible to predict the accurate power station water volume within a period of time in advance with relatively low computing power consumption.

[0005] The power station water volume prediction method based on image remote sensing technology and three-dimensional GIS system in this application includes:

[0006] Import precipitation image remote sensing data into the 3D GIS system;

[0007] Precipitation prediction is performed based on the precipitation image remote sensing data, wherein the predicted precipitation information includes precipitation area and rainfall within a certain period of time;

[0008] The precipitation area is divided based on the same surface type to determine a plurality of sub-precipitation areas;

[0009] Predicting the amount of water for each of the sub-precipitation areas;

[0010] The predicted water volume of the power station in the future is determined based on the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area.

[0011] Furthermore, the precipitation area is divided based on the same surface type to determine multiple sub-precipitation areas, including:

[0012] Determine a grid area corresponding to the precipitation area, wherein the three-dimensional GIS system stores geographic information in units of the grid area;

[0013] Determining the surface type of each grid area in the three-dimensional GIS system;

[0014] Adjacent grid areas of the same surface type are merged to obtain the sub-precipitation area.

[0015] Furthermore, the respectively predicting the water volume for each of the precipitation sub-areas includes:

[0016] Determine the runoff information between each sub-precipitation area and the power station;

[0017] The water volume increment component of the power station in the future is predicted according to the runoff information, the surface type of the sub-precipitation area and the predicted precipitation information.

[0018] Further, the method of determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area includes:

[0019] Aligning the time of the water volume increment components corresponding to each of the sub-precipitation areas, and superimposing them to obtain a predicted water volume increment;

[0020] The predicted water volume of the power station in the future is determined according to the predicted water volume increment and the current water volume.

[0021] Furthermore, before predicting the water volume increment component of the power station in the future, the method further includes: determining the hydrological correlation between the sub-precipitation area and the power station according to the runoff information;

[0022] The process of predicting the water volume increment component of the power station in the future time includes:

[0023] The water volume increment component corresponding to the sub-precipitation area whose hydrological correlation is higher than the set threshold is predicted; and the water volume increment component corresponding to the sub-precipitation area whose hydrological correlation is not higher than the set threshold is not predicted.

[0024] Furthermore, after determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future, it also includes:

[0025] Counting the area and rainfall of the sub-precipitation region whose hydrological correlation is not higher than a set threshold;

[0026] A result correction value of the predicted water volume is determined based on the area, the rainfall and the hydrological correlation.

[0027] Furthermore, the runoff information includes underground runoff information and surface runoff information.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0029] According to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area, the water volume of the hydrological observation node upstream of the power station in the future is predicted;

[0030] After determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area, the method further includes:

[0031] Obtaining water volume detection data of the hydrological observation node;

[0032] Real-time monitoring of the deviation between the current water volume detection data and the predicted water volume of the hydrological observation node;

[0033] The predicted water volume of the power station in the following period is corrected according to the predicted deviation.

[0034] Furthermore, the precipitation image remote sensing data includes at least one of the following: cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, and air pressure.

[0035] Furthermore, when the precipitation area is divided based on the principle of the same surface type, it includes at least one of the following surface types: rocky desert, rocky surface, desert, sandy surface, mud desert, forest land surface, grassland land surface, river valley, coast, bay, strait, lake, and river.

[0036] The present invention provides a power station water volume prediction method based on image remote sensing technology and three-dimensional GIS system, by importing precipitation image remote sensing data into a three-dimensional GIS system; performing precipitation prediction based on precipitation image remote sensing data, and the predicted precipitation information includes precipitation area and rainfall within a certain period of time; dividing the precipitation area based on the same surface type as a principle, and determining multiple sub-precipitation areas; performing water volume prediction for each sub-precipitation area respectively; and determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future time based on the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area. Performing separate water volume prediction based on sub-precipitation areas of the same surface type as units avoids the introduction of global geographic data in the precipitation prediction process, thereby reducing the computing power demand in the water volume prediction process, and the water volume prediction based on a relatively single surface type is also relatively easy to obtain relatively accurate results, and realizes early prediction of accurate power station water volume within a period of time at relatively low computing power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the basic flow of the power station water volume prediction method based on image remote sensing technology and three-dimensional GIS system in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 2 The detailed process diagram of the power station water volume prediction method based on the remote sensing technology and the three-dimensional GIS system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a middle grid area of ​​a three-dimensional GIS system of this embodiment;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of merging grid areas of the same surface type in the three-dimensional GIS system of this embodiment;

[0041] Figure 5 The detailed process diagram of the power station water volume prediction method based on the remote sensing technology and the three-dimensional GIS system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 6 The detailed process diagram of the power station water volume prediction method based on the remote sensing technology and the three-dimensional GIS system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0043] Figure 7 The detailed process diagram of the power station water volume prediction method based on the remote sensing technology and the three-dimensional GIS system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 4 ;

[0044] Figure 8 The detailed process diagram of the power station water volume prediction method based on the remote sensing technology and the three-dimensional GIS system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 5 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] This embodiment provides a method for predicting water volume in a power station based on remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes but is not limited to:

[0049] S101, importing precipitation image remote sensing data into a three-dimensional GIS system;

[0050] The precipitation image remote sensing data is remote sensing data that can reflect the current and historical precipitation conditions over a period of time. Exemplarily, the precipitation image remote sensing data may include satellite cloud images, or image remote sensing data collected by other means.

[0051] The three-dimensional GIS system is a geographic information system (GIS, Geographic Information System or Geo-Information system). It can understand and express the real-world objects, geographical phenomena and their spatial relationships from a three-dimensional spatial perspective. Compared with the two-dimensional GIS system, it can reflect the amount of spatial information (especially elevation information and 3D topological spatial information).

[0052] This embodiment imports precipitation image remote sensing data into the three-dimensional GIS system, so that the three-dimensional GIS system can use the information of the precipitation image remote sensing data and its own geographic information to predict water volume, especially the spatial relationships such as elevation information reflected by the three-dimensional GIS system, which can provide effective data support in the process of water volume prediction and make the prediction results more accurate.

[0053] It is understandable that after the precipitation image remote sensing data is imported into the three-dimensional GIS system, the corresponding precipitation area in the three-dimensional GIS system should be consistent with the actual precipitation area reflected by the precipitation image remote sensing data. In practical applications, the scales of the precipitation image remote sensing data and the three-dimensional GIS system may be different. Therefore, when importing the three-dimensional GIS system, the precipitation image remote sensing data can be adjusted according to the scale of the three-dimensional GIS system so that the precipitation image remote sensing data and the three-dimensional GIS system are at the same scale. In some implementation processes, the three-dimensional GIS system can present the precipitation image remote sensing data at the same scale in a visual way, so as to provide intuitive feedback to technical personnel.

[0054] S102, performing precipitation prediction based on precipitation image remote sensing data, wherein the predicted precipitation information includes precipitation area and rainfall within a certain period of time;

[0055] In some embodiments, the precipitation image remote sensing data includes at least one of the following: cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure, and temperature. Since this embodiment only needs to predict the water volume of the power station, when predicting precipitation information, at least the precipitation area and rainfall are determined. In practical applications, precipitation prediction based on precipitation image remote sensing data can also simultaneously determine other information, such as temperature.

[0056] It should be noted that the precipitation information predicted by this embodiment is within a certain time, that is, it can reflect the precipitation area and rainfall conditions at each time as time goes by. Exemplarily, the predicted certain time can be divided into multiple time nodes, and the precipitation area and rainfall conditions at each time node can be predicted. The specific time node interval length and number can be set according to the actual situation. When the interval between the time nodes is short and the number of time nodes is large, it can also be regarded as a continuous dynamic prediction of the precipitation conditions within a certain period of time. In this embodiment, when performing precipitation prediction based on precipitation image remote sensing data, any existing means can be used, such as estimation based on cloud classification and precipitation prior knowledge, or prediction based on deep learning of precipitation image remote sensing data.

[0057] S103, dividing the precipitation area based on the same surface type to determine a plurality of sub-precipitation areas;

[0058] Some traditional water volume forecasting methods can be directly based on rainfall, but usually only a rough judgment can be made based on historical precipitation and water volume conditions. When combining specific geographical information to forecast power station water volume, the huge and complex geographical conditions lead to a sharp increase in the complexity and difficulty of forecasting.

[0059] In this embodiment, the precipitation area is first divided. It should be noted that in this embodiment, unless otherwise stated, the precipitation area referred to refers to the predicted precipitation area, and the rainfall referred to refers to the predicted rainfall corresponding to the predicted precipitation area.

[0060] In some embodiments, when the precipitation area is divided based on the same surface type, at least one of the following surface types is included: rocky desert, rocky surface, desert, sandy surface, mud desert, forest surface, grassland surface, river valley, coast, bay, strait, lake, river. In practical applications, it is not required to finely divide all surfaces. For example, some surface types with similar properties can also be regarded as a larger category of surface types, and the division granularity can be selected according to needs.

[0061] As a simplified example, assuming that there is a river and grassland around the river in the rainfall area, two sub-precipitation areas can be divided according to the river and grassland land surface in this embodiment. One sub-precipitation area corresponds to the river, that is, the precipitation area directly above the river, and the other sub-precipitation area corresponds to the grassland, that is, the precipitation area above the grassland.

[0062] S104, respectively predicting the water volume for each precipitation sub-area;

[0063] Based on the predicted precipitation, the water volume of the sub-precipitation area is predicted. It should be noted that the water volume prediction of this embodiment is carried out on a single sub-precipitation area as a unit. Since the sub-precipitation areas have the same surface type, their geographical properties are highly similar, and there is no need to introduce global geographical information when predicting the water volume, and the complexity of the geographical information involved in each sub-precipitation area is reduced. The differences in water content, vegetation volume, etc. on different surfaces make the migration rate and migration amount of rainwater at different surfaces different. For example, in areas with less vegetation and higher soil moisture content, the migration rate and migration amount of rainwater are both higher, that is, rainwater can be more and faster into the runoff. On the contrary, if in areas with more vegetation or lower soil moisture content, the migration rate of rainwater is reduced, and the migration amount is also relatively reduced. Compared with directly predicting water volume based on precipitation areas with a variety of different surface types, the same surface type in each sub-precipitation area greatly reduces the difficulty and complexity of prediction. The prediction model is more streamlined, which effectively reduces the overall difficulty and complexity of water volume prediction, and will generate less computing power resource consumption in some implementation processes.

[0064] S105, determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area;

[0065] The water volume forecast results of each sub-precipitation area reflect the impact of the current precipitation in the sub-precipitation area on the water volume of the power station. Since there are more than one sub-precipitation area, the impact of each sub-precipitation area should work together. The predicted water volume of the power station in the future can be obtained by combining the water volume forecast results of each sub-precipitation area.

[0066] In this embodiment, since the precipitation conditions can be predicted based on precipitation image remote sensing data, compared with the traditional method of obtaining data from hydrological monitoring points, the lag of information is eliminated, which can help the power station predict the changes in water volume in advance and provide more scheduling response time.

[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the precipitation area is divided based on the same surface type, and the process of determining multiple sub-precipitation areas includes:

[0068] S201, determining a grid area corresponding to a precipitation area, wherein the three-dimensional GIS system stores geographic information in units of grid areas;

[0069] S202, determining the surface type of each grid area in the three-dimensional GIS system;

[0070] S203, merging adjacent grid areas of the same surface type to obtain sub-precipitation areas;

[0071] The 3D GIS system stores geographic information in units of grid areas, that is, the actual geographic location is divided into grid areas according to a certain ratio, and the geographic information corresponding to each grid area is stored. In this embodiment, the geographic information at least includes the surface type, that is, the surface type of the actual surface corresponding to each grid area can be determined. For ease of understanding, see Figure 3 In the example of , it is assumed that there are three types of surface types in the precipitation area, namely surface type 1, surface type 2 and surface type 3, which are distinguished by different filling forms in the figure. In this embodiment, the grid areas of the same surface type need to be merged, where only adjacent grid areas are merged. If there are non-adjacent but identical surface types, they are divided into different sub-precipitation areas. Figure 4 As shown, in this example, it can be divided into sub-precipitation area 11, sub-precipitation area 12, sub-precipitation area 13 and sub-precipitation area 14.

[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, the water volume forecast for each sub-precipitation area includes:

[0073] S301, determining the runoff information between each sub-precipitation area and the power station;

[0074] S302: predict the water volume increment component of the power station in the future according to the runoff information, the surface type of the sub-precipitation area and the predicted precipitation information.

[0075] Runoff information may include underground runoff information and surface runoff information, and the runoff information will reflect the conduction of precipitation water from the sub-precipitation area to the power station. In practical applications, runoff information includes but is not limited to the path of runoff, elevation information of runoff, etc. In this embodiment, for the prediction of the water volume of the power station, a pre-trained model can be used, and the relevant information involved can be used as data used in model training, and in actual prediction, the above information is provided to the model to obtain the result. It should be understood that since the present application divides the precipitation area into different sub-precipitation areas with the same surface type, the complexity of the model is relatively low, which can save computing resources.

[0076] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 , according to the water volume forecast results of each sub-precipitation area, the predicted water volume of the power station in the future time is determined, including:

[0077] S401, aligning the time of the water volume increment components corresponding to each sub-precipitation area, and superimposing them to obtain the predicted water volume increment;

[0078] S402: Determine the predicted water volume of the power station in the future based on the predicted water volume increment and the current water volume.

[0079] Since the precipitation area will change over time, different sub-precipitation areas may start precipitation at different times. By aligning the time, the accuracy of water volume prediction can be guaranteed.

[0080] In some embodiments, before predicting the water volume increment component of the power station in the future, the method further includes: determining the hydrological correlation between the sub-precipitation area and the power station according to the runoff information;

[0081] The process of predicting the water volume increment component of the power station in the future includes: predicting the water volume increment component corresponding to the sub-precipitation area whose hydrological correlation is higher than the set threshold; and not predicting the water volume increment component corresponding to the sub-precipitation area whose hydrological correlation is not higher than the set threshold.

[0082] The higher the hydrological correlation, the more obvious the impact of precipitation in the sub-precipitation area on the water volume of the power station. For example, if the sub-precipitation area is upstream of the basin where the power station is located, its hydrological correlation is very high. After precipitation in the upstream of the basin where the power station is located, it will usually directly affect the water volume of the power station. If the hydrological correlation between the sub-precipitation area and the power station is low, it means that the runoff in the sub-precipitation area will not or rarely flow into the basin involved in the power station. For example, if the sub-precipitation area is downstream of the basin of the power station, it will not affect the water volume of the power station, or will only have a very small impact; for example, if the runoff of the sub-precipitation area mainly flows into another nearby basin, the impact on the water volume of the power station is relatively small.

[0083] The hydrological correlation can be pre-stored in the three-dimensional GIS system. After the sub-precipitation area is determined, the hydrological correlation between the sub-precipitation area and the power station can be determined according to the position of the runoff corresponding to the sub-precipitation area.

[0084] The threshold setting of hydrological correlation can be configured according to the requirements of computing power and accuracy. In order to save computing power, the threshold setting can be increased to exclude sub-precipitation areas with low hydrological correlation, thereby reducing the sub-precipitation areas that need to be predicted for water volume; conversely, if the threshold setting is lowered, sub-precipitation areas with low hydrological correlation will also be taken into consideration, which will improve the accuracy of the results.

[0085] In order to further ensure the accuracy of the prediction results, in some implementations, after determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future, the following steps are further included:

[0086] S501, counting the area and rainfall of the sub-precipitation regions whose hydrological correlation is not higher than a set threshold;

[0087] S502: Determine a correction value of the predicted water volume according to the area, rainfall and hydrological correlation.

[0088] By separately estimating the impact of sub-precipitation areas whose hydrological correlation is not higher than the set threshold, the predicted water volume results can be further corrected. Since the impact of these sub-precipitation areas is relatively small, the accuracy requirements for determining the corrected value of the predicted water volume are relatively low, and corrections can be made through relatively simplified algorithms, which further guarantees the accuracy of the results while saving computing resources.

[0089] In addition, in some implementation modes, the method of this embodiment further includes:

[0090] According to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area, the water volume of the hydrological observation node upstream of the power station in the future is predicted;

[0091] The water volume prediction for each hydrological observation node can be carried out together with the water volume prediction process of the power station, that is, the water volume prediction for each hydrological observation node and the power station can be completed simultaneously during the prediction process.

[0092] See also Figure 8 After determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area, it also includes:

[0093] S601, obtaining water volume detection data of hydrological observation nodes;

[0094] It should be understood that the hydrological observation node is a location where relevant data acquisition equipment is installed.

[0095] S602, real-time monitoring of the deviation between the current water volume detection data and the predicted water volume of the hydrological observation node;

[0096] S603: Correct the predicted water volume of the power station in the following period according to the predicted deviation.

[0097] Since the hydrological observation node is located upstream of the power station, it is highly correlated with the water volume of the power station. By comparing the actual situation of the upstream hydrological observation node with the predicted water volume, the error between the predicted result and the actual result can be reflected. At this time, the predicted water volume in the subsequent time is corrected, and in some implementation processes, the corrected prediction result will be closer to the truth.

[0098] For ease of understanding, it is assumed that there is only one hydrological observation node upstream, and it is located in the main river basin. While predicting the water volume of the power station, the water volume of the hydrological observation node upstream is also predicted. In this example, in order to save computing power, the prediction of the upstream hydrological observation node can be directly reversed based on the prediction result of the power station; in other examples, the prediction calculation can also be performed separately. After the prediction is completed, it is assumed that one hour later, it is found that the actual water volume of the upstream hydrological observation node is 5% different from the predicted value. Since this example is simplified to have only one hydrological observation node, and it is located in the main river basin, the predicted water volume of the power station in the subsequent time can be directly corrected according to the deviation, for example, by increasing or decreasing by 5%. In actual applications, when there are multiple upstream hydrological observation nodes, and these hydrological observation nodes may be set in different tributaries, the conditions of multiple hydrological observation nodes can be combined for correction, and the correction ratio of the prediction deviation of the hydrological observation nodes of different tributaries can also be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0099] It is understandable that although the actual observation data of the hydrological observation nodes are introduced in this process, the above steps can correct the entire prediction results and also predict the water volume of the power station in advance. It has high sensitivity and can also leave time for the power station to respond.

[0100] The method of the embodiment of the present application combines map remote sensing technology with a three-dimensional GIS system to predict the water volume of a power station. By dividing the precipitation area into multiple sub-precipitation areas of the same surface type, the complexity of the water volume prediction process is simplified, and the introduction of global geographic data in the precipitation prediction process is avoided, thereby reducing the computing power demand in the water volume prediction process. The water volume prediction based on a relatively single surface type is also easier to obtain relatively accurate results, thereby achieving early prediction of the accurate water volume of the power station within a period of time with relatively low computing power consumption.

[0101] In addition, although exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope includes any and all embodiments based on the present disclosure that are equivalent, modified, omitted, combined (e.g., various embodiments intersecting), adapted or changed. It is not limited to the examples described in this specification or during the implementation of this application, and its examples will be interpreted as non-exclusive.

[0102] The above description is intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. For example, the above examples (or one or more of them) can be used in combination with each other. For example, those of ordinary skill in the art may use other embodiments when reading the above description.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting water volume of a power station based on remote sensing technology and three-dimensional GIS system, characterized in that: include: Import precipitation image remote sensing data into the 3D GIS system; Precipitation prediction is performed based on the precipitation image remote sensing data, wherein the predicted precipitation information includes a predicted precipitation area within a certain period of time and a predicted rainfall amount corresponding to the predicted precipitation area; The precipitation area is divided based on the same surface type to determine a plurality of sub-precipitation areas; Predicting the amount of water for each of the sub-precipitation areas; Determine the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area; The respectively predicting the water volume for each of the precipitation sub-areas comprises: Determine the runoff information between each sub-precipitation area and the power station; Predicting the water volume increment component of the power station in the future according to the runoff information, the surface type of the sub-precipitation area and the predicted precipitation information; Before predicting the water volume increment component of the power station in the future, the method further includes: determining the hydrological correlation between the sub-precipitation area and the power station according to the runoff information; The process of predicting the water volume increment component of the power station in the future time includes: The water volume increment component corresponding to the sub-precipitation area whose hydrological correlation is higher than the set threshold is predicted; and the water volume increment component corresponding to the sub-precipitation area whose hydrological correlation is not higher than the set threshold is not predicted; After determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future, it also includes: Counting the area and rainfall of the sub-precipitation region whose hydrological correlation is not higher than a set threshold; A result correction value of the predicted water volume is determined based on the area, the rainfall and the hydrological correlation.

2. The method for predicting water volume of a power station based on remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The precipitation area is divided based on the same surface type to determine multiple sub-precipitation areas including: Determine a grid area corresponding to the precipitation area, wherein the three-dimensional GIS system stores geographic information in units of the grid area; Determining the surface type of each grid area in the three-dimensional GIS system; Adjacent grid areas of the same surface type are merged to obtain the sub-precipitation area.

3. The method for predicting water volume of a power station based on remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area includes: Aligning the time of the water volume increment components corresponding to each of the sub-precipitation areas, and superimposing them to obtain a predicted water volume increment; The predicted water volume of the power station in the future is determined according to the predicted water volume increment and the current water volume.

4. The method for predicting water volume of a power station based on image remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The runoff information includes underground runoff information and surface runoff information.

5. The method for predicting water volume of a power station based on image remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: According to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area, the water volume of the hydrological observation node upstream of the power station in the future is predicted; After determining the predicted water volume of the power station in the future according to the water volume prediction results of each sub-precipitation area, the method further includes: Obtaining water volume detection data of the hydrological observation node; Real-time monitoring of the deviation between the current water volume detection data and the predicted water volume of the hydrological observation node; The predicted water volume of the power station in the following period is corrected according to the predicted deviation.

6. The method for predicting water volume of a power station based on image remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The precipitation image remote sensing data includes at least one of the following: cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure, and temperature.

7. The method for predicting water volume of a power station based on image remote sensing technology and a three-dimensional GIS system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the precipitation area is divided based on the principle of the same surface type, it includes at least one of the following surface types: rocky desert, rocky surface, desert, sandy surface, mud desert, forest land surface, grassland land surface, river valley, coast, bay, strait, lake, and river.

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