A hydrogen energy backup power system

Abstract

The present application relates to a hydrogen energy backup power system, including a hydrogen tank, an electrochemical hydrogen pump, a first DC power supply, a reversible battery stack, a first gas-liquid separator, a cooling fan, a water pump, a water tank, an oxygen tank, a second gas-liquid separator, a controller, a second DC power supply and a load; the hydrogen tank is connected to the electrochemical hydrogen pump and the reversible battery stack respectively; the electrochemical hydrogen pump is connected to the first DC power supply; the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the reversible battery stack and the electrochemical hydrogen pump respectively; the water pump is connected to the reversible battery stack and the water tank respectively; the cooling fan is connected to the water pump, the reversible battery stack and the water tank respectively; the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the reversible battery stack and the oxygen tank respectively; the reversible battery stack is connected to the controller, the second DC power supply and the load respectively; the second DC power supply is connected in parallel with the load. The present application can realize integrated power generation and hydrogen production at a low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a hydrogen energy backup power system. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells are power generation devices that convert chemical energy in fuel directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. At present, fuel cell systems are generally equipped with air compressors, intercoolers, humidifiers, hydrogen circulation pumps and other components for air pressurization, cooling, humidification and hydrogen circulation. The air compressor is not only expensive, but also accounts for a large part of the BOP power consumption, reducing the overall power generation efficiency; the function of the intercooler is to cool the high-temperature compressed air, and generally a branch needs to be separated from the cooling circuit for heat exchange, which increases the complexity of the cooling circuit; the function of the humidifier is to humidify the air, and the humidifier is large in size and not easy to arrange; the hydrogen circulation pump generally uses Roots pumps and vortex pumps, which will increase the power consumption and complexity of the hydrogen circuit.

[0003] At present, the main method of hydrogen pressurization in the market is to use hydrogen compressors, which generally have three types: (1) Diaphragm compressors. Diaphragm compressors are reciprocating compressors that rely on the reciprocating motion of the diaphragm in the cylinder to compress and transport gas; the diaphragm is clamped along the periphery by the gas-side diaphragm head and the oil-side diaphragm head, and the diaphragm is driven mechanically or hydraulically to reciprocate in the cylinder, thereby achieving gas compression and transportation. (2) Liquid-driven piston compressors. Liquid-driven piston compressors drive the piston to reciprocate through hydraulic oil, and the reciprocating piston directly acts on hydrogen to achieve hydrogen compression and transportation; the hydraulic oil is generally provided by a hydraulic pump, and the flow direction of the hydraulic oil is controlled by an electromagnetic reversing valve to achieve reciprocating action on the piston. (3) Ion compressors. The working principle of ion compressors is similar to that of liquid-driven piston compressors; the difference is that a liquid (ionic liquid) with special physical and chemical properties is used to fill the cylinder and compress the gas under the drive of the hydraulic piston. Traditional hydrogen compressors have high energy consumption when pressurizing hydrogen, which increases the cost of hydrogen use and is not conducive to the development of the hydrogen energy industry.

[0004] Moreover, the existing fuel cell systems and water electrolysis hydrogen production systems are independent of each other, and there are few integrated power generation and hydrogen production structural products. In application scenarios where hydrogen energy backup power is required, it is usually necessary to prepare fuel cell power generation systems and water electrolysis hydrogen production systems separately to ensure hydrogen production and power generation. The two systems are costly and large in size. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides a hydrogen energy backup power system, which aims to solve technical problems such as the existing fuel cell system and water electrolysis hydrogen production system are independent of each other, have large volume and mass, high complexity of the hydrogen energy power generation system, great difficulty in control, high energy consumption in the hydrogen compression process, and difficulty in meeting the backup power needs in areas where the power grid frequently fluctuates.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present invention proposes the following technical solution: a hydrogen energy backup power system, comprising a hydrogen tank, an electrochemical hydrogen pump, a first DC power supply, a reversible battery stack, a first gas-liquid separator, a cooling fan, a water pump, a water tank, an oxygen tank, a second gas-liquid separator, a controller, a second DC power supply and a load;

[0007] The hydrogen tank is connected to the electrochemical hydrogen pump and the reversible battery stack, respectively; the electrochemical hydrogen pump is connected to the first DC power supply; the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the reversible battery stack and the electrochemical hydrogen pump, respectively; the water pump is connected to the reversible battery stack and the water tank, respectively; the cooling fan is connected to the water pump, the reversible battery stack and the water tank, respectively; the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the reversible battery stack and the oxygen tank, respectively; the reversible battery stack is connected to the controller, the second DC power supply and the load, respectively; the second DC power supply is connected in parallel with the load.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the first DC power supply is connected in parallel with the electrochemical hydrogen pump; a hydrogen supply valve group is arranged between the hydrogen tank and the reversible fuel cell stack, and the hydrogen supply valve group is connected to the hydrogen tank, the reversible fuel cell stack, and the first gas-liquid separator respectively.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, a first electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the hydrogen tank and the hydrogen supply valve group, and the first electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen tank, the hydrogen supply valve group, and the electrochemical hydrogen pump respectively;

[0010] A drying device is provided between the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the electrochemical hydrogen pump, and the drying device is connected to the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the electrochemical hydrogen pump respectively.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a first temperature and pressure integrated sensor is provided between the hydrogen tank and the first electromagnetic three-way valve;

[0012] A first pressure sensor and a first switch valve are provided between the hydrogen supply valve group and the reversible fuel cell stack, and the first switch valve is connected to the first pressure sensor and the reversible fuel cell stack respectively.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a deoxygenation device and a second electromagnetic three-way valve are provided between the first gas-liquid separator and the electrochemical hydrogen pump, the second electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the first gas-liquid separator, the deoxygenation device and the atmosphere respectively, and the deoxygenation device is connected to the electrochemical hydrogen pump;

[0014] A second integrated temperature and pressure sensor is provided between the deoxygenation device and the electrochemical hydrogen pump;

[0015] The first gas-liquid separator is connected to a drain valve, and the drain valve is connected to the atmosphere.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, a thermostat is provided between the cooling fan and the reversible battery stack; a third temperature-pressure integrated sensor is provided between the thermostat and the reversible battery stack;

[0017] The water tank is provided with a fourth integrated temperature and pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor, and the fourth integrated temperature and pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor are independently provided.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, a third electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the water pump and the reversible battery stack, and a deionizer is provided between the third electromagnetic three-way valve and the water pump; the third electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the reversible battery stack, the deionizer, and the second gas-liquid separator respectively; a fifth temperature-pressure integrated sensor is provided between the third electromagnetic three-way valve and the reversible battery stack;

[0019] A second switch valve is arranged between the cooling fan and the water tank, and the second switch valve is connected to the cooling fan and the water tank respectively.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the water tank is connected to a third switch valve.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, a fourth electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the second gas-liquid separator and the oxygen tank; a sixth temperature-pressure integrated sensor is provided between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve and the oxygen tank;

[0022] An oxygen compressor is arranged between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve and the second gas-liquid separator; and a fourth switch valve is arranged between the oxygen compressor and the second gas-liquid separator.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, a fifth electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the second gas-liquid separator and the reversible fuel cell stack, and the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the reversible fuel cell stack, the second gas-liquid separator, and the atmosphere, respectively.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the reversible battery stack; a sixth electromagnetic three-way valve is arranged between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve and the reversible battery stack; a second pressure sensor is arranged between the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve and the reversible battery stack; a proportional valve is arranged between the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve and the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve;

[0025] The sixth electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the third switch valve.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the reversible fuel cell stack is a fuel cell stack having a power generation mode (i.e., a fuel cell function) and a hydrogen production mode (i.e., an electric hydrogen production function), the power generation mode and the hydrogen production mode share a flow channel, and the cathode flow channel of the power generation mode is the anode flow channel of the hydrogen production mode, and the anode flow channel of the power generation mode is the cathode flow channel of the hydrogen production mode.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the reversible fuel cell stack is a proton exchange membrane reversible fuel cell stack (PEMFC / PEMWE) using a self-humidifying membrane.

[0028] The backup power system of the present application can switch between power generation mode and hydrogen production mode according to user needs, and can realize the production, storage and use of hydrogen. It has the advantage of being lightweight and can also provide emergency power when the power grid is out of power. In addition, the components of the entire system are simple, easy to control and low in cost. In the power generation mode, since the cathode supplies oxygen (oxygen produced in the hydrogen production mode) rather than air, the performance of the stack can be effectively improved. In the hydrogen storage process, the use of an electrochemical hydrogen pump to compress hydrogen with low energy consumption can further reduce the operating cost of the system. The hydrogen energy backup power system of the present application eliminates components such as air compressors and intercoolers in traditional fuel cell systems, which can greatly reduce the overall cost and power consumption of BOP components, and can simplify control and improve power generation efficiency. In the hydrogen production mode, an electrochemical hydrogen pump is used to pressurize hydrogen, which significantly reduces the energy consumed when hydrogen is pressurized compared to traditional hydrogen compressors. The reversible stack uses a self-humidifying membrane and does not require a humidifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen energy backup power system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 To adopt Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working process of the hydrogen energy backup power system;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the energy flow of the hydrogen energy backup power system.

[0033] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0038] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen energy backup power system, including a hydrogen tank 10, an electrochemical hydrogen pump 20, a first DC power supply 30, a reversible battery stack 40, a first gas-liquid separator 50, a cooling fan 60, a water pump 70, a water tank 80, an oxygen tank 90, a second gas-liquid separator 100, a controller 110, a second DC power supply 120 and a load 130;

[0040] The hydrogen tank 10 is connected to the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20 and the reversible battery stack 40 respectively; the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20 is connected to the first DC power supply 30; the first gas-liquid separator 50 is connected to the reversible battery stack 40 and the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20 respectively; the water pump 70 is connected to the reversible battery stack 40 and the water tank 80 respectively; the cooling fan 60 is connected to the water pump 70, the reversible battery stack 40 and the water tank 80 respectively; the second gas-liquid separator 100 is connected to the reversible battery stack 40 and the oxygen tank 90 respectively; the reversible battery stack 40 is connected to the controller 110, the second DC power supply 120 and the load 130 respectively; the second DC power supply 120 and the load 130 are connected in parallel.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the first DC power supply 30 is connected in parallel with the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20; a hydrogen supply valve group 11 is arranged between the hydrogen tank 10 and the reversible fuel cell stack 40, and the hydrogen supply valve group 11 is connected to the hydrogen tank 10, the reversible fuel cell stack 40, and the first gas-liquid separator 50 respectively.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, a first electromagnetic three-way valve 12 is provided between the hydrogen tank 10 and the hydrogen supply valve group 11, and the first electromagnetic three-way valve 12 is connected to the hydrogen tank 10, the hydrogen supply valve group 11, and the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20 respectively;

[0043] A drying device 13 is disposed between the first electromagnetic three-way valve 12 and the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20 , and the drying device 13 is connected to the first electromagnetic three-way valve 12 and the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20 , respectively.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, a first temperature and pressure integrated sensor 14 is provided between the hydrogen tank 10 and the first electromagnetic three-way valve 12;

[0045] A first pressure sensor P1 and a first switch valve K1 are provided between the hydrogen supply valve group 11 and the reversible fuel cell stack 40 . The first switch valve K1 is connected to the first pressure sensor P1 and the reversible fuel cell stack 40 , respectively.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, a deoxygenator 21 and a second electromagnetic three-way valve 22 are provided between the first gas-liquid separator 50 and the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20, and the second electromagnetic three-way valve 22 is respectively connected to the first gas-liquid separator 50, the deoxygenator 21, and the atmosphere E, and the deoxygenator 21 is connected to the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20;

[0047] A second temperature-pressure integrated sensor 23 is provided between the deoxygenation device 21 and the electrochemical hydrogen pump 20;

[0048] The first gas-liquid separator 50 is connected to a drain valve 51 , and the drain valve 51 is connected to the atmosphere E.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a thermostat 41 is provided between the cooling fan 60 and the reversible battery stack 40; a third temperature-pressure integrated sensor 42 is provided between the thermostat 41 and the reversible battery stack 40;

[0050] The water tank 80 is provided with a fourth integrated temperature and pressure sensor 81 , a liquid level sensor 82 , and a hydrogen concentration sensor 83 . The fourth integrated temperature and pressure sensor 81 , the liquid level sensor 82 , and the hydrogen concentration sensor 83 are independently provided.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, a third electromagnetic three-way valve 43 is provided between the water pump 70 and the reversible battery stack 40, and a deionizer 71 is provided between the third electromagnetic three-way valve 43 and the water pump 70; the third electromagnetic three-way valve 43 is connected to the reversible battery stack 40, the deionizer 71, and the second gas-liquid separator 100 respectively; a fifth temperature-pressure integrated sensor 44 is provided between the third electromagnetic three-way valve 43 and the reversible battery stack 40;

[0052] A second switch valve K2 is disposed between the cooling fan 60 and the water tank 80 , and the second switch valve K2 is connected to the cooling fan 60 and the water tank 80 , respectively.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the water tank 80 is connected to the third switch valve K3.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, a fourth electromagnetic three-way valve 91 is provided between the second gas-liquid separator 100 and the oxygen tank 90; a sixth temperature-pressure integrated sensor 92 is provided between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve 91 and the oxygen tank 90;

[0055] An oxygen compressor 93 is provided between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve 91 and the second gas-liquid separator 100 ; and a fourth switch valve K4 is provided between the oxygen compressor 93 and the second gas-liquid separator 100 .

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, a fifth electromagnetic three-way valve 101 is provided between the second gas-liquid separator 100 and the reversible fuel cell stack 40 , and the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve 101 is connected to the reversible fuel cell stack 40 , the second gas-liquid separator 100 , and the atmosphere E, respectively.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve 91 is connected to the reversible battery stack 40; a sixth electromagnetic three-way valve 94 is provided between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve 91 and the reversible battery stack 40; a second pressure sensor P2 is provided between the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve 94 and the reversible battery stack 40; a proportional valve 140 is provided between the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve 94 and the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve 91;

[0058] The sixth electromagnetic three-way valve 94 is connected to the third switch valve K3 .

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the reversible fuel cell stack 40 is a fuel cell stack having a power generation mode (i.e., a fuel cell function) and a hydrogen production mode (i.e., an electric hydrogen production function), the power generation mode and the hydrogen production mode share a flow channel, and the cathode flow channel of the power generation mode is the anode flow channel of the hydrogen production mode, and the anode flow channel of the power generation mode is the cathode flow channel of the hydrogen production mode.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, the reversible fuel cell stack 40 is a self-humidifying proton exchange membrane reversible fuel cell stack.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the reversible stack 40 can be used as a fuel cell stack to generate electricity, and can also be used as an electrolyzer to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen.

[0062] The proton exchange membrane reversible stack of the self-humidifying membrane adopts a reversible catalyst, and the reversible catalyst includes an anode catalyst and a cathode catalyst; the anode catalyst is a double-layer catalyst, and the double-layer catalyst includes a platinum layer and an iridium layer arranged in a stacked manner, the platinum layer is arranged close to the proton exchange membrane, and the iridium layer is arranged close to the anode gas diffusion layer; the cathode catalyst is a platinum-carbon mixture, and the platinum content in the platinum-carbon mixture is less than or equal to 0.35 mg / cm 2 By using a reversible catalyst and controlling its components, the reversible stack can be used as a fuel cell stack to generate electricity and as an electrolyzer to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, and both power generation and hydrogen production can maintain high efficiency.

[0063] In the fuel cell mode, the anode of the reversible stack is the hydrogen inlet, and the cathode of the reversible stack is the air inlet; in the electrolyzer mode, the anode of the reversible stack is the oxygen outlet, and the cathode of the reversible stack is the hydrogen outlet. In the reversible stack structure, the anode in the fuel cell mode is the same as the anode in the electrolyzer mode, and the cathode in the fuel cell mode is the same as the cathode in the electrolyzer mode; in the fuel cell mode and the electrolyzer mode, the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode interface of the reversible stack current collector are exactly opposite. The plate of the reversible stack can adopt a plate that combines a direct flow channel and a wavy flow channel.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the reversible stack has the following functions: (1) When power generation is required, the reversible stack uses the fuel cell function to control the cathode circuit, anode circuit, cooling circuit and other related components; chemical energy is converted into electrical energy and thermal energy through electrochemical reactions to supply electricity to the load; (2) When backup power generation and hydrogen production are required, the reversible stack uses the water electrolysis function to control the cathode and anode circuits, and uses electrical energy to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, which can be used for energy storage and backup power. The power generation mode and the hydrogen production mode share two flow channels, the cathode flow channel in the power generation mode corresponds to the anode flow channel in the hydrogen production mode, and the anode flow channel in the power generation mode corresponds to the cathode flow channel in the hydrogen production mode.

[0065] The system workflow first needs to determine some specific parameters of the application scenario to facilitate the configuration of the backup power system.

[0066] To configure a hydrogen energy backup power system in areas with unstable power supply, first clarify the power P required by the load, and then determine the rated power P of the reversible stack power generation mode, the stack power P1 and the BOP component (i.e. other components except the stack) power P2 according to the load demand; where P1=P+P2; then determine the time demand for power generation according to the power outage time in different regions. Assuming that the power outage time is T, the power required during the power outage is Q, Q=P1*T; set the total power Q1=k*Q, k is the coefficient, k>1; then the mass of hydrogen can be calculated from the total power, the mass of hydrogen m=Q1 / (η*q), η is the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell, q is the energy released by the unit hydrogen chemical reaction; and the total mass of hydrogen is m1=m*s1, s1 is the stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen; according to the ideal gas state equation pv=nrt, p is pressure, v is volume, n is the amount of gas substance, r is the molar gas constant, and t is temperature; the volume of hydrogen at the rated pressure of the hydrogen cylinder can be calculated, and the number of hydrogen cylinders can be calculated by the volume. From the water electrolysis equation 2H2O→2H2+O2, we can know that 2 mol of hydrogen will produce 1 mol of oxygen. The total mass of oxygen and the number of oxygen cylinders can be calculated in the same way.

[0067] When the hydrogen energy backup power system of the present application is started for the first time, the hydrogen production mode should be selected first, and the corresponding amount of hydrogen and oxygen should be produced according to the parameters calculated above.

[0068] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 Taking the example of FIG. 1 as an example, the working principle of the hydrogen energy backup power system of the present application is described as follows:

[0069] The working process of the hydrogen energy backup power system of the present application is divided into two modes: (1) hydrogen production mode; (2) power generation mode.

[0070] (1) Hydrogen production mode workflow:

[0071] First, a hydrogen production command is sent to the controller through the host computer, the controller enters the hydrogen production mode, and the second DC power supply closes the relay to supply power; the components of the system anode and cathode circuits begin to perform corresponding actions.

[0072] Anode circuit: The function of the anode circuit is to provide the required circulating water for the electrolysis reaction of water. Water flows out of the water tank, passes through the third switch valve to the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve, and passes through the right passage under the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve to the anode inlet of the reversible battery stack. After the electrolysis reaction, water and oxygen flow out from the anode outlet of the reversible battery stack, and flow to the second gas-liquid separator through the upper left passage of the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve. Gas and liquid are separated in this device. Oxygen passes through the fourth switch valve and is pressurized by the oxygen compressor, and then enters the oxygen tank through the left and right passages of the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve; liquid water flows from the right passage under the third electromagnetic three-way valve to the deionizer. After the deionizer removes excess ions, the water is pressurized by the water pump and flows to the water tank through the second switch valve; if the electrolysis water system is running When operating under high current density, heat dissipation is required, and water can also be diverted from the water pump outlet. A part of it flows through the right passage under the thermostat to the cooling channel of the cooling fan, and then flows into the water tank after cooling; the thermostat opening is controlled to keep the circulating water at a suitable temperature to ensure the efficient operation of the hydrogen production system; among them, the fourth temperature-pressure integrated sensor, the fifth temperature-pressure integrated sensor, the sixth temperature-pressure integrated sensor, and the second pressure sensor are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the liquid or gas in the anode pipeline; the liquid level sensor monitors the liquid level of the water tank, and when the liquid level is lower than the set value, the water tank is automatically replenished with water; the hydrogen concentration sensor is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the gas in the water tank.

[0073] Cathode circuit: The function of the cathode circuit is to remove water, deoxygenate and pressurize the hydrogen produced by electrolysis. When the hydrogen production mode is working, hydrogen and water flow from the anode outlet to the first gas-liquid separator, where gas-liquid separation is carried out, and water is discharged through the drain valve; hydrogen flows from the upper left passage of the second electromagnetic three-way valve to the deoxygenation device, and after deoxygenation, it flows into the inlet of the electrochemical hydrogen pump. The first DC power supply closes the relay to power the electrochemical hydrogen pump, and the hydrogen reacts in the electrochemical hydrogen pump to form hydrogen ions, and then produces hydrogen at the outlet of the electrochemical hydrogen pump; the main function of the electrochemical hydrogen pump is hydrogen purification and pressurization; the high-pressure hydrogen at its outlet is dehydrated through the drying device and enters the hydrogen tank through the upper left passage of the first electromagnetic three-way valve. Among them, the first temperature-pressure integrated sensor and the second temperature-pressure integrated sensor are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas. Compared with traditional hydrogen booster pumps, electrochemical hydrogen pumps can complete hydrogen pressurization with lower energy consumption.

[0074] (2) Power generation mode workflow:

[0075] If the load suddenly loses power while working, the power generation mode of the backup power system needs to be used.

[0076] First, the host computer sends a power generation command to the controller, and the controller enters the power generation mode. The controller issues a load current command based on the required power, the system starts to load current, and the cathode circuit, anode circuit, and cooling circuit components perform related actions based on the current demand.

[0077] Cathode circuit: Oxygen flows out from the oxygen cylinder, passes through the lower right passage of the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve to the proportional valve, and is controlled by pid to make the proportional valve at an appropriate opening. Oxygen flows into the cathode inlet of the reversible stack through the left and right passages of the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve, and the unreacted oxygen and the generated water flow from the cathode outlet of the reversible stack to the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve. The valves of the left and right passages of the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve are controlled by pid to maintain the back pressure of the cathode circuit. The second pressure sensor monitors the cathode inlet pressure of the reversible stack and provides real-time pressure feedback.

[0078] Anode circuit: Hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen tank, passes through the left and right passages of the first electromagnetic three-way valve to reach the hydrogen supply valve group. The hydrogen injection in the hydrogen supply valve group uses pid control to adjust the hydrogen pressure; hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen supply valve group through the first switch valve to enter the anode inlet, and the excess hydrogen and water flow out from the anode outlet, pass through the first gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation, and the water is discharged by the drain valve. The excess hydrogen circulates through the pipeline to the ejector reflux port and continues to enter the anode inlet; the use of the ejector can greatly avoid hydrogen waste. The first pressure sensor monitors the anode inlet pressure and provides real-time pressure feedback.

[0079] Cooling circuit: Cooling water flows out from the cooling circuit outlet, passes through the third electromagnetic three-way valve to the deionizer, removes excess ions through the deionizer, and then the water pump pressurizes the circulating water, and the pressurized water flows to the thermostat and cooling fan; the thermostat adjusts the opening according to the instructions of the system's large and small cycles to achieve heat preservation or heat dissipation of the reversible battery stack; finally, the water flows through the thermostat to the cooling circuit inlet. Among them, the third temperature-pressure integrated sensor and the fifth temperature-pressure integrated sensor monitor the temperature and pressure of the cooling circuit inlet and outlet respectively.

[0080] The backup power system of the present application can solve the backup power demand problem in areas where the power grid frequently fluctuates, and can also solve the high complexity and control difficulty of the hydrogen power generation system, and can solve the problem of high energy consumption during hydrogen compression.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an embodiment", "example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0082] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy backup power system, characterized in that: It includes a hydrogen tank, an electrochemical hydrogen pump, a first DC power supply, a reversible battery stack, a first gas-liquid separator, a cooling fan, a water pump, a water tank, an oxygen tank, a second gas-liquid separator, a controller, a second DC power supply and a load; The hydrogen tank is connected to the electrochemical hydrogen pump and the reversible battery stack respectively; the electrochemical hydrogen pump is connected to the first DC power supply; the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the reversible battery stack and the electrochemical hydrogen pump respectively; the water pump is connected to the reversible battery stack and the water tank respectively; the cooling fan is connected to the water pump, the reversible battery stack and the water tank respectively; the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the reversible battery stack and the oxygen tank respectively; the reversible battery stack is connected to the controller, the second DC power supply and the load respectively; the second DC power supply is connected in parallel with the load; The first DC power supply is connected in parallel with the electrochemical hydrogen pump; a hydrogen supply valve group is provided between the hydrogen tank and the reversible fuel cell stack, and the hydrogen supply valve group is respectively connected to the hydrogen tank, the reversible fuel cell stack, and the first gas-liquid separator; A first electromagnetic three-way valve is arranged between the hydrogen tank and the hydrogen supply valve group, and the first electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen tank, the hydrogen supply valve group, and the electrochemical hydrogen pump respectively; A drying device is provided between the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the electrochemical hydrogen pump, and the drying device is connected to the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the electrochemical hydrogen pump respectively; A first pressure sensor and a first switch valve are provided between the hydrogen supply valve group and the reversible fuel cell stack, and the first switch valve is connected to the first pressure sensor and the reversible fuel cell stack respectively; A deoxygenation device and a second electromagnetic three-way valve are provided between the first gas-liquid separator and the electrochemical hydrogen pump, the second electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the first gas-liquid separator, the deoxygenation device and the atmosphere respectively, and the deoxygenation device is connected to the electrochemical hydrogen pump; When working in hydrogen production mode, hydrogen and water flow from the anode outlet to the first gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation, and hydrogen flows from the upper left passage of the second electromagnetic three-way valve to the deoxygenation device. After deoxygenation, it flows into the inlet of the electrochemical hydrogen pump. The first DC power supply closes the relay to power the electrochemical hydrogen pump. The hydrogen reacts in the electrochemical hydrogen pump to form hydrogen ions, and then produces hydrogen at the outlet of the electrochemical hydrogen pump; the high-pressure hydrogen at the outlet of the electrochemical hydrogen pump is dehydrated through the drying device and enters the hydrogen tank through the upper left passage of the first electromagnetic three-way valve; When working in power generation mode: hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen supply valve group through the first switch valve into the anode inlet, excess hydrogen and water flow out from the anode outlet, pass through the first gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation, and excess hydrogen circulates through the pipeline to the reflux port of the hydrogen supply valve group and continues to enter the anode inlet.

2. The hydrogen energy backup power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first temperature-pressure integrated sensor is arranged between the hydrogen tank and the first electromagnetic three-way valve.

3. The hydrogen energy backup power system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second temperature-pressure integrated sensor is provided between the deoxygenation device and the electrochemical hydrogen pump; The first gas-liquid separator is connected to a drain valve, and the drain valve is connected to the atmosphere.

4. The hydrogen energy backup power system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A thermostat is provided between the cooling fan and the reversible battery stack; a third temperature-pressure integrated sensor is provided between the thermostat and the reversible battery stack; The water tank is provided with a fourth integrated temperature and pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor, and the fourth integrated temperature and pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor are independently provided.

5. The hydrogen energy backup power system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the water pump and the reversible battery stack, and a deionizer is provided between the third electromagnetic three-way valve and the water pump; the third electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the reversible battery stack, the deionizer, and the second gas-liquid separator respectively; a fifth temperature-pressure integrated sensor is provided between the third electromagnetic three-way valve and the reversible battery stack; A second switch valve is arranged between the cooling fan and the water tank, and the second switch valve is connected to the cooling fan and the water tank respectively; the water tank is connected to a third switch valve.

6. The hydrogen energy backup power system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fourth electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the second gas-liquid separator and the oxygen tank; a sixth temperature-pressure integrated sensor is provided between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve and the oxygen tank; An oxygen compressor is provided between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve and the second gas-liquid separator; a fourth switch valve is provided between the oxygen compressor and the second gas-liquid separator; A fifth electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the second gas-liquid separator and the reversible fuel cell stack, and the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the reversible fuel cell stack, the second gas-liquid separator, and the atmosphere, respectively.

7. The hydrogen energy backup power system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fourth electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the reversible battery stack; a sixth electromagnetic three-way valve is arranged between the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve and the reversible battery stack; a second pressure sensor is arranged between the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve and the reversible battery stack; a proportional valve is arranged between the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve and the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve; The sixth electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the third switch valve.

8. The hydrogen energy backup power system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reversible fuel cell stack is a fuel cell stack having a power generation mode and a hydrogen production mode, wherein the power generation mode and the hydrogen production mode share a flow channel, and the cathode flow channel of the power generation mode is the anode flow channel of the hydrogen production mode, and the anode flow channel of the power generation mode is the cathode flow channel of the hydrogen production mode; The reversible stack is a self-humidifying proton exchange membrane reversible stack; the self-humidifying proton exchange membrane reversible stack adopts a reversible catalyst, and the reversible catalyst includes an anode catalyst and a cathode catalyst; the anode catalyst is a double-layer catalyst, and the double-layer catalyst includes a platinum layer and an iridium layer arranged in a stacked manner, the platinum layer is arranged close to the proton exchange membrane, and the iridium layer is arranged close to the anode gas diffusion layer; the cathode catalyst is a platinum-carbon mixture, and the platinum content in the platinum-carbon mixture is less than or equal to 0.35 mg / cm 2 .

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