A roller extrusion air classification integrated machine

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated roller extrusion and air classification machine, belonging to the field of powder making and granulation technology. It includes a frame, within which an extrusion unit and a processing unit are sequentially connected along the material feeding direction. The extrusion unit includes a fixed roller and a movable roller rotating in opposite directions, forming a roller gap between them for extruding the material. The processing unit includes a feeding channel arranged along the material feeding direction, with a dispersing blade assembly within the channel. An air classification component is located below the dispersing blade assembly within the feeding channel. The air classification component acts on the material feeding trajectory of the dispersing blade assembly, performing secondary dispersing and air classification of the material. The discharge end of the feeding channel has a first discharge port and a second discharge port for discharging materials of different particle sizes. This invention integrates the dual functions of extrusion molding and screening, not only effectively dispersing cake-shaped powders or sticky granular materials but also efficiently and finely screening them.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of powder making and granulation technology, and particularly relates to an integrated machine for roller extrusion and air classification. Background Technology

[0002] The working principle of a double-roll extruder is to use two counter-rotating rollers to compress lumpy or fine powdery materials entering the extrusion zone. The basic structural components of double-roll extruders are the same, consisting of a feeding device, frame assembly, fixed extrusion rollers, movable extrusion rollers, transmission system, hydraulic system, lubrication system, and electrical control system. Double-roll extruders are widely used in metal mining, cement and building materials, coal, and metallurgy industries.

[0003] Currently, double roll extruders have two main applications: one is as a grinding and powder-making equipment, such as in the cement and building materials industry, where large pieces of material are extruded into fine granules (typically <0.08mm) under high pressure; the other is as a granulation equipment, which extrudes fine powder materials to produce block products (typically 2-5mm).

[0004] A comprehensive analysis reveals the following shortcomings in the application of double-roll extruders:

[0005] 1. Whether used for powder making or granulation, the function of the double roll extruder is singular; it is merely a piece of equipment in a process system with limited and singular functions.

[0006] 2. As a powder-making equipment, it performs material layer extrusion on large pieces of material and has the basic function of crushing and grinding. However, due to its working principle, the material is compressed into a cake shape after extrusion and cannot be fully dispersed into the fine powder product required in the end.

[0007] 3. As a granulation device, the extruded material is in block form, and the particle size of the product is fixed. The particle size of the final product cannot be adjusted.

[0008] 4. To obtain the final product of powdering or granulation, the double roll extruder requires multiple sets of conveying equipment, chutes and other supporting systems, which occupy a large area and have high investment costs.

[0009] 5. Due to the complex system configuration, the operation of each device is mutually restrictive, and the control program is complex, it is difficult to achieve parameterized and automated operation. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an integrated roller extrusion and air classification machine that integrates the dual functions of extrusion molding and screening. It can not only fully and effectively disperse cake-shaped powder or sticky granular materials to ensure the quality of the final product, but also efficiently perform fine screening of materials, significantly improving production efficiency and the accuracy of material handling.

[0011] The present invention is implemented as follows: a roller extrusion air classification integrated machine includes a frame, and an extrusion unit and a processing unit are sequentially connected in the frame along the material discharge direction.

[0012] The extrusion unit includes a fixed roller and a movable roller that rotate in opposite directions, and a roller gap is formed between the fixed roller and the movable roller for extruding the material.

[0013] The processing unit includes a material discharge channel arranged along the material discharge direction. The material discharge channel is equipped with a dispersing blade group for initially dispersing the material formed by the extrusion unit. An air classifier is installed in the material discharge channel below the dispersing blade group. The air classifier acts on the material discharge trajectory of the dispersing blade group and performs secondary dispersing and air classification of the material. The discharge end of the material discharge channel is equipped with a first discharge port and a second discharge port for discharging materials of different particle sizes.

[0014] Furthermore, the air separation component includes a rotating body rotatably disposed in the material discharge channel. An air inlet communicating with an external air source is provided on the material discharge channel relative to the rotating body. The air inlet and the rotating body are respectively placed on both sides of the material discharge trajectory of the dispersing blade group. The rotation trajectory of the rotating body is tangent to the material discharge trajectory of the dispersing blade group, thereby realizing secondary dispersing of the material. The first discharge port is disposed on the material discharge trajectory of the rotating body, and some material enters the first discharge port under the action of gravity.

[0015] A guide gap is formed between the rotating body and the material discharge channel on the side away from the air inlet. The second discharge port is located on the outlet side of the guide gap. Some material enters the second discharge port under the combined action of the centrifugal force of the rotating body and the air force of the air inlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the dispersing blade assembly includes N dispersing plates arranged in an alternating manner, where N is a natural number greater than 1, and a material dropping gap is formed between adjacent dispersing plates. The angle between the axis of each dispersing plate and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.

[0017] Among them, the working surface of the Nth dispersing plate faces the air inlet side of the air separator; the plane containing the lower end surface of the 1st to N-1th dispersing plates is lower than the plane containing the midline of the next dispersing plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotating body is a hollow cylinder, and the outer circular sidewall of the rotating body is a dispersing screen plate with multiple screen holes evenly distributed. A third discharge port is provided at the center of the end face of the rotating body. Some materials enter the rotating body through the screen holes and are carried into the subsequent finished product collection system by the axial wind from the third discharge port.

[0019] Furthermore, multiple air supply ports are provided on the material discharge channel located in the guide gap, and these ports are equidistantly distributed along the material movement trajectory within the guide gap. Due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating body, a negative pressure is generated within the guide gap under the action of centrifugal force. Air is supplied to the guide gap through the provided air supply ports to prevent material from sticking to the sidewalls of the guide gap.

[0020] Furthermore, a pre-pressing feeding unit is provided on the frame facing the roller gap feeding side. The pre-pressing feeding unit includes a feeding machine body, in which a screw conveyor shaft is provided along the feeding direction. A feeding motor connected to the screw conveyor shaft is provided on the feeding machine body. A feed port is provided on the feeding machine body located on the feeding side of the screw conveyor shaft, and a discharge port is provided on the feeding machine body located on the discharge side of the screw conveyor shaft. The discharge port is facing the roller gap feeding side.

[0021] Furthermore, a splicing pipe section is provided between the discharge port and the feeder body, and the splicing pipe section includes at least one sleeve. By replacing the screw conveyor shaft with different specifications, the blade angle and pitch of the screw conveyor shaft can be adjusted to meet the needs of different materials for different compression ratios. The number of sleeves installed can be adjusted according to the different specifications of the screw conveyor shaft to meet the screw conveyor shaft length requirements.

[0022] Furthermore, the movable roller and the fixed roller have the same structure, both including a detachable processing roller surface, which is a powder-making roller surface or a granulation roller surface.

[0023] Furthermore, the feed end of the feeding channel corresponds to the discharge side of the roll gap, the cross section of the feed end is a tapered cross section, and the large diameter end of the feed end faces the extrusion unit.

[0024] Furthermore, a hydraulic cylinder is hinged within the frame on the side away from the fixed roller. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the bearing seat of the movable roller, allowing the movable roller to slide horizontally radially along the frame via the bearing seat. The hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting cylinder, with its front and rear ends connected to the frame and the bearing seat of the movable roller respectively via hinged bearings. The pressurizing device provides the radial extrusion force required for the movable roller to extrude the material.

[0025] The advantages and technical effects of this invention are as follows: By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, which integrates the dual functions of extrusion molding and screening, it can not only fully and effectively disperse cake-shaped powders or sticky granular materials to ensure the quality of the final product, but also efficiently perform fine screening of materials, significantly improving production efficiency and the accuracy of material handling. Specifically, it includes the following advantages:

[0026] 1) The roller extrusion and air classification integrated machine of the present invention, compared with ordinary roller extruders and other equipment, simultaneously possesses two major functions: First, large pieces of material are laminated, ground, and air-separated to obtain fine-particle powder. Second, the fine-particle powder is laminated into cakes, dispersed, and classified to obtain large-particle products. In other words, the present invention has two functions in opposite directions. Switching between these functions only requires changes to the roller surface structure and operating parameters.

[0027] 2) The roller extrusion air classification integrated machine of the present invention, as a powder making equipment, can obtain powder products of different fineness by adjusting the main parameters such as the pressure between the fixed roller and the movable roller, the rotation speed of the rotating body, and the air volume of the air inlet.

[0028] 3) The roller extrusion air classification integrated machine of the present invention, as a granulation equipment, obtains granular products of different particle sizes by adjusting key parameters such as the pressure between the fixed roller and the movable roller, the rotation speed of the rotating body, and the aperture of the dispersing screen plate.

[0029] 4) The roller extrusion air classification integrated machine of the present invention, through its highly integrated integrated functional structure design, can save a lot of space compared with the traditional system design. At the same time, it eliminates the need for various conveying equipment, thus saving operating costs.

[0030] 5) The roller extrusion air classifier of the present invention achieves centralized control of all parameters, including: feed screw speed, feed screw compression ratio, roller speed, roller pressure, rotating body speed, air volume, etc. Through automatic adjustment of a series of parameters, it has a higher level of automation and more stable and reliable system operation than ordinary powdering or granulation systems. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion unit and processing unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed roller structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disintegrating blade assembly structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-compression feeding unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Extrusion unit; 2-1. Fixed roller; 2-2. Movable roller; 2-3. Hydraulic cylinder; 2-4. Processing roller surface; 3. Processing unit; 3-1. Material discharge channel; 3-2. First discharge port; 3-3. Second discharge port; 4. Dispersing blade assembly; 4-1. Dispersing plate; 5. Air separation assembly; 5-1. Rotating body; 5-2. Air inlet; 5-3. Guide gap; 5-4. Dispersing screen plate; 5-5. Third discharge port; 5-6. Make-up air interface; 6. Pre-compression feeding unit; 6-1. Feeder body; 6-2. Screw conveyor shaft; 6-3. Feeding motor; 6-4. Inlet pipe; 6-5. Discharge pipe; 6-6. Splicing pipe section. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this application provides a roller extrusion air classification integrated machine, including a frame 1, in which an extrusion unit 2 and a processing unit 3 are sequentially connected along the material discharge direction;

[0040] The extrusion unit 2 includes a fixed roller 2-1 and a movable roller 2-2 that rotate in opposite directions, forming a roller gap between the fixed roller 2-1 and the movable roller 2-2 for extruding the material. Specifically, a hydraulic cylinder 2-3 is hinged inside the frame 1 on the side away from the fixed roller 2-1. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2-3 is hinged to the bearing seat of the movable roller 2-2, and the movable roller 2-2 can slide horizontally along the radial direction of the frame 1 via the bearing seat. The hydraulic cylinder 2-3 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and its front and rear ends are connected to the frame 1 and the bearing seat of the movable roller 2-2 respectively via hinged bearings. The pressurizing device provides the radial extrusion force required for the movable roller 2-2 to extrude the material.

[0041] The processing unit 3 includes a material discharge channel 3-1 arranged along the material discharge direction. The material discharge channel 3-1 is provided with a dispersing blade group 4 for initially dispersing the material formed by the extrusion unit 2. The material discharge channel 3-1 located below the dispersing blade group 4 is provided with an air classifier 5. The air classifier 5 acts on the material discharge trajectory of the dispersing blade group 4 and performs secondary dispersing and air classification of the material. The discharge end of the material discharge channel 3-1 is provided with a first discharge port 3-2 and a second discharge port 3-3 for discharging materials of different particle sizes.

[0042] Furthermore, the air separation component 5 includes a rotating body 5-1 rotatably disposed in the material discharge channel 3-1. The rotating body 5-1 is driven to rotate by a motor. An air inlet 5-2 communicating with an external air source is opened on the material discharge channel relative to the rotating body 5-1. The air inlet 5-2 and the rotating body 5-1 are respectively placed on both sides of the material discharge trajectory of the dispersing blade group 4. The rotation trajectory of the rotating body 5-1 is tangent to the material discharge trajectory of the dispersing blade group 4, thereby realizing secondary dispersal of the material. The first discharge port 3-2 is disposed on the material discharge trajectory of the rotating body 5-1. Some material enters the first discharge port 3-2 under the action of gravity.

[0043] A guide gap 5-3 is formed between the rotating body 5-1 on the side away from the air inlet 5-2 and the material discharge channel 3-1 along the circumference of the rotating body 5-1. The second discharge port 3-3 is located on the outlet side of the guide gap 5-3. Some material enters the second discharge port 3-3 under the combined action of the centrifugal force of the rotating body 5-1 and the wind force of the air inlet 5-2.

[0044] Furthermore, the dispersing blade group 4 includes N dispersing plates 4-1 arranged in an alternating manner, where N is a natural number greater than 1, and a material dropping gap is formed between adjacent dispersing plates 4-1, and the angle between the axis of each dispersing plate 4-1 and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.

[0045] Among them, the working surface of the Nth dispersing plate 4-1 faces the air inlet side of the air separator component 5; the plane where the lower end surface of the 1st to N-1th dispersing plates 4-1 is located is lower than the plane where the midline of the next dispersing plate 4-1 is located.

[0046] Furthermore, the rotating body 5-1 is a hollow cylinder, and the outer circular sidewall of the rotating body 5-1 is a dispersing screen plate 5-4 with multiple screen holes evenly distributed to prevent the material from directly impacting and wearing the rotating body 5-1. A third discharge port 5-5 is provided at the center of the end face of the rotating body 5-1. Some material enters the rotating body 5-1 through the screen holes and is carried into the subsequent finished product collection system by the axial wind from the third discharge port 5-5.

[0047] The specific sorting process is as follows: coarse particles (P1) enter the first discharge port 3-2 due to gravity; medium particles (P2) are dispersed and lifted by the rotational impact of the rotating body 5-1 and the centrifugal force, and under the combined force of the high-speed wind at the air inlet 5-2, they enter the second discharge port 3-3 through the guide gap 5-3; fine particles (P3) as products can pass through the dispersing screen plate 5-4 and enter the third discharge port 5-5 at the center of the rotating body 5-1, and are then carried into the subsequent finished product collection system by the axial wind.

[0048] Preferably, the material discharge channel 3-1 located in the guide gap 5-3 is provided with multiple air supply ports 5-6, which are equidistantly distributed along the material movement trajectory within the guide gap 5-3. Due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating body 5-1, a negative pressure is generated within the guide gap 5-3 under the action of centrifugal force. Air is supplied to the guide gap 5-3 through the provided air supply ports 5-6 to prevent material from sticking to the sidewalls of the guide gap 5-3.

[0049] Furthermore, a pre-pressing feeding unit 6 is provided on the frame 1 facing the roller gap feeding side. The pre-pressing feeding unit 6 includes a feeding body 6-1, a screw conveyor shaft 6-2 arranged inside the feeding body 6-1 along the feeding direction, and a feeding motor 6-3 connected to the screw conveyor shaft 6-2. A feed inlet 6-4 is provided on the feeding body 6-1 on the feeding side of the screw conveyor shaft 6-2, and a discharge inlet 6-5 is provided on the feeding body 6-1 on the discharge side of the screw conveyor shaft 6-2. The discharge inlet 6-5 is directly facing the roller gap feeding side. Preferably, two sets of feed inlets 6-4 are provided, with the two sets of feed inlets 6-4 respectively located on both sides of the feeding motor 6-3.

[0050] Preferably, a splicing pipe section 6-6 is provided between the discharge port 6-5 and the feeder body 6-1, and the splicing pipe section 6-6 includes at least one sleeve. By replacing the screw conveyor shaft 6-2 with different specifications, the blade angle and pitch of the screw conveyor shaft 6-2 can be adjusted to meet the needs of different materials for different compression ratios. The number of sleeves installed can be adjusted according to the different specifications of the screw conveyor shaft 6-2 to meet the length requirements of the screw conveyor shaft 6-2.

[0051] Furthermore, the movable roller 2-2 and the fixed roller 2-1 have the same structure, both including a detachable processing roller surface 2-4, which can be a powder-making roller surface or a granulation roller surface. Specifically, the processing roller surface 2-4 is installed on the roller body by bolt connection, and the powder-making roller surface or the granulation roller surface can be replaced according to processing requirements.

[0052] Preferably, the feeding end of the feeding channel 3-1 corresponds to the discharge side of the roll gap, the cross section of the feeding end is a tapered cross section, and the large diameter end of the feeding end faces the extrusion unit 2.

[0053] As a powder-making or granulation equipment, products of different particle sizes can be obtained by adjusting key parameters such as the compression ratio Y of the forced feeding unit, the pressure F (specific pressure, N / mm2) between the moving roller 2-2 and the fixed roller 2-1, the rotational speed V1 (linear velocity m / s) of the rotating body 5-1, and the axial wind speed V2 of the air inlet 5-2. Taking a fixed compression ratio Y (1.15) and specific pressure F (3 N / mm2) as an example, adjusting the rotating body 5-1 V1 and the wind speed V2 yields three products of different particle sizes, as shown in the table below:

[0054] Product particle size distribution data table

[0055]

[0056] By adopting the above technical solution, which integrates the dual functions of extrusion molding and screening, it can not only fully and effectively disperse cake-shaped powders or sticky granular materials to ensure the quality of the final product, but also efficiently perform fine screening of materials, significantly improving production efficiency and the accuracy of material handling. Specifically, it offers the following advantages:

[0057] 1) The roller extrusion and air classification integrated machine of the present invention, compared with ordinary roller extruders and other equipment, simultaneously possesses two major functions: First, large pieces of material are laminated, ground, and air-separated to obtain fine-particle powder. Second, the fine-particle powder is laminated into cakes, dispersed, and classified to obtain large-particle products. In other words, the present invention has two functions in opposite directions. Switching between these functions only requires changes to the roller surface structure and operating parameters.

[0058] 2) The roller extrusion air classification integrated machine of the present invention, as a powder making equipment, can obtain powder products of different fineness by adjusting the main parameters such as the pressure between the fixed roller 2-1 and the movable roller 2-2, the rotation speed of the rotating body 5-1, and the air volume of the air inlet 5-2.

[0059] 3) The roller extrusion air classification integrated machine of the present invention, as a granulation equipment, obtains granular products of different particle sizes by adjusting key parameters such as the pressure between the fixed roller 2-1 and the movable roller 2-2, the rotation speed of the rotating body 5-1, and the aperture of the dispersing screen plate 5-4.

[0060] 4) The roller extrusion air classification integrated machine of the present invention, through its highly integrated integrated functional structure design, can save a lot of space compared with the traditional system design. At the same time, it eliminates the need for various conveying equipment, thus saving operating costs.

[0061] 5) The roller extrusion air classification integrated machine of the present invention achieves centralized control of all parameters, including: feed screw speed, feed screw compression ratio, roller speed, roller pressure, rotating body speed, air volume, etc. Through automatic adjustment of a series of parameters, it has a higher level of automation and more stable and reliable system operation than ordinary powdering or granulation systems.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roller extrusion and pneumatic classification integrated machine, comprising a frame, characterized in that, The extrusion unit and the processing unit are sequentially and communicatively arranged in the frame along the material falling direction. The extrusion unit comprises a fixed roller and a movable roller rotating towards each other, and a roller gap for extruding the material is formed between the fixed roller and the movable roller. The processing unit comprises a material falling channel arranged along the material falling direction, a scattering blade group for preliminarily scattering the material formed by the extrusion unit is arranged in the material falling channel, an air separation assembly is arranged in the material falling channel below the scattering blade group, the air separation assembly acts on the material falling track of the scattering blade group and performs secondary scattering and air classification on the material, and a first discharge port and a second discharge port for discharging different particle size materials are arranged at the discharge end of the material falling channel. The air separation assembly comprises a rotating body rotatingly arranged in the material falling channel, an air inlet communicating with an external air source is arranged on the material falling channel relative to the rotating body, the air inlet and the rotating body are respectively arranged on the two sides of the material falling track of the scattering blade group, the rotating track of the rotating body is tangent to the material falling track of the scattering blade group, thereby realizing secondary scattering of the material, the first discharge port is arranged on the material falling track of the rotating body, and part of the material enters the first discharge port under the action of gravity. A guide gap is formed between the rotating body and the material falling channel along the circumferential direction of the rotating body on the side away from the air inlet, the second discharge port is arranged on the outlet side of the guide gap, and part of the material enters the second discharge port under the combined action of the centrifugal force of the rotating body and the air force of the air inlet. The rotating body is a hollow cylinder, the outer cylindrical side wall of the rotating body is a scattering sieve plate uniformly provided with a plurality of sieve holes, a third discharge port is arranged at the center of the end face of the rotating body, part of the material enters the rotating body through the sieve holes and is carried into a subsequent finished product collection system by the axial air from the third discharge port.

2. The integrated roll press and air classification machine of claim 1, wherein, The scattering blade group comprises N scattering plates arranged in a staggered manner, N is a natural number greater than 1, a material falling gap is formed between adjacent scattering plates, and the angle between the axis of each scattering plate and the horizontal plane is an acute angle. Among them, the acting surface of the Nth scattering plate faces the air inlet side of the air separation assembly; the lower end surface of the 1st to N-1th scattering plates is lower than the plane where the center line of the next scattering plate is located.

3. The integrated roll press and air classification machine of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of air supplement interfaces are arranged on the material falling channel of the guide gap, and the plurality of air supplement interfaces are equally distributed along the material moving track in the guide gap.

4. The integrated roll-pressing and wind-classifying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pre-pressing and feeding unit is arranged on the frame opposite to the feeding side of the roller gap, the pre-pressing and feeding unit comprises a feeder body, a screw conveying shaft is arranged in the feeder body along the feeding direction, a feeding motor connected with the screw conveying shaft is arranged on the feeder body, a feeding pipe opening is arranged on the feeder body on the feeding side of the screw conveying shaft, and a discharge pipe opening is arranged on the feeder body on the discharge side of the screw conveying shaft, and the discharge pipe opening is opposite to the feeding side of the roller gap.

5. The integrated roll press and air classification machine of claim 4, wherein, A splicing pipe section is arranged between the discharge pipe opening and the feeder body, and the splicing pipe section comprises at least one sleeve pipe.

6. The integrated roll press and air classification machine of claim 1, wherein, The movable roller and the fixed roller have the same structure and each comprises a detachable processing roller surface, the processing roller surface is a flour roller surface or a granulating roller surface.

7. The integrated roll-pressing and wind-classifying machine according to claim 1, wherein, The feeding end of the material falling channel corresponds to the discharge side of the roller gap, the cross section of the feeding end is a conical cross section, and the large diameter end of the feeding end faces the extrusion unit.

8. The integrated roll press and air classification machine of claim 1, wherein, The oil cylinder is hinged in the said frame far from the fixed roller side, the piston rod of the oil cylinder is hinged with the bearing seat of the movable roller, and the movable roller can slide horizontally along the frame radially through the bearing seat.

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