A hydrophobic interfacial film composite for inhibiting wheat head sprouting and a method of making the same

Abstract

The application provides a hydrophobic interface film composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and a preparation method thereof, raw materials of the hydrophobic interface film composite material comprising chitosan powder, zein, nano-silicon dioxide and a solvent; wherein the mass-volume concentration of the chitosan powder is 0.1-5%; the mass-volume concentration of the zein is 0.1-5%; and the mass-volume concentration of the nano-silicon dioxide is 0.1-3%. The hydrophobic interface film composite material is sprayed on the surface of mature wheat grains to form a hydrophobic interface film, so that the occurrence of wheat ear germination can be effectively inhibited, and the safe production of wheat can be ensured. The hydrophobic interface film composite material has a good effect of inhibiting wheat ear germination, and after spraying, the germination rate of the isolated ear can be reduced by more than 95%, and the yield and quality caused by the wheat ear germination are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural biotechnology, specifically relating to a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Wheat has a long history of cultivation and serves as a source of protein, starch, and minerals for human consumption, as well as animal feed, industrial raw materials, and biofuel. It is one of the world's three most important food crops. Furthermore, wheat is rich in minerals, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin A, playing a vital role in human health. Sprouting on the wheat head refers to the phenomenon where wheat grains germinate on the mother ear during the late waxy ripening stage, especially when continuous rainy weather occurs. Sprouting not only reduces wheat yield and deteriorates flour quality but also damages the seed-use function of wheat, causing significant economic losses to farmers. Globally, the annual economic losses due to sprouting on the wheat head are approximately $1 billion.

[0003] In my country, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain are a major wheat-producing area. Influenced by the subtropical monsoon climate, abundant summer rainfall makes this wheat-growing region highly susceptible to ear sprouting, posing a significant threat to local wheat production. Studies have found that the land area affected by ear sprouting covers 24.91 million hectares, accounting for approximately 80% of the national wheat planting area. In recent years, global warming has led to increased rainfall during the wheat harvest season in more and more years, resulting in ear sprouting.

[0004] Wheat spike germination is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes and is significantly influenced by the environment. Furthermore, wheat spike germination resistance is also related to the varietal characteristics of the wheat itself. Many molecular markers associated with spike germination resistance have been reported, but these markers have limited explanatory power for phenotypic variation, thus restricting their practicality in breeding. To date, no major-effect QTLs (quantitative trait loci) have been successfully identified in wheat. Therefore, controlling spike germination through the genetic characteristics of wheat has not been significantly effective to date. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to inhibit the germination of wheat ears through physical isolation.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination, the raw materials of which include chitosan powder, zein, nano-silica and solvent; wherein the chitosan powder has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%; the zein has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%; and the nano-silica has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-3%.

[0008] Beneficial Effects: The hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material of this invention comprises a ternary composite structure of chitosan, zein, and nano-silica. The nano-silica particles are spherical and aggregated together; the chitosan surface is smooth and dense, without cracks; therefore, the chitosan structure is uniform and dense with good encapsulation properties. The zein structure is spherical and granular, formed by interconnected networks of spheres of different sizes. In the composite structure, zein is uniformly dispersed in chitosan, and the surface of the zein is covered by chitosan, filling the gaps in the network structure formed by the zein. Nano-silica can be embedded in the surfaces of zein and chitosan, reducing the occurrence of aggregation.

[0009] Spraying the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of the present invention onto the surface of mature wheat grains forms a hydrophobic interface membrane, which can effectively inhibit wheat ear germination and ensure safe wheat production. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of the present invention has a good effect on inhibiting wheat ear germination. After spraying, it can reduce the germination rate of detached ears by more than 95%, thereby reducing the yield and quality loss caused by wheat ear germination.

[0010] Preferably, the chitosan powder and zein are dissolved in a specific solvent.

[0011] Preferably, the chitosan powder needs to be dissolved in a 1% acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%; the zein needs to be dissolved in an 85% ethanol solution to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%.

[0012] Preferably, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0013] Preferably, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0014] Preferably, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%.

[0015] Preferably, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 5%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 5%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%.

[0016] Preferably, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0017] Preferably, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned hydrophobic interfacial film composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0019] (1) Chitosan powder was dissolved in 1% acetic acid solution and stirred to obtain chitosan solution;

[0020] (2) Dissolve zein in 85% ethanol solution and stir to obtain zein solution;

[0021] (3) Disperse nano-silica in distilled water and stir to obtain nano-silica dispersant;

[0022] (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir to form nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution;

[0023] (5) Add the zein solution to the nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The preparation method of the present invention is simple to operate, can be scaled up, and is inexpensive.

[0025] The advantages of this invention are:

[0026] The hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material of this invention comprises a ternary composite structure of chitosan, zein, and nano-silica. The nano-silica particles are spherical and aggregated together; the chitosan surface is smooth and dense, without cracks; therefore, the chitosan structure is uniform and dense, exhibiting excellent encapsulation properties. The zein structure consists of spherical particles of varying sizes forming a network that interconnects. In the composite structure, zein is uniformly dispersed within the chitosan, and the surface of the zein is covered by chitosan, filling any gaps in the network structure formed by the zein. The nano-silica can be embedded in the surfaces of the zein and chitosan, reducing the occurrence of aggregation.

[0027] Spraying the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of the present invention onto the surface of mature wheat grains forms a hydrophobic interface membrane, which can effectively inhibit wheat ear germination and ensure safe wheat production. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of the present invention has a good effect on inhibiting wheat ear germination. After spraying, it can reduce the germination rate of detached ears by more than 95%, thereby reducing the yield and quality loss caused by wheat ear germination.

[0028] The preparation method of this invention is simple to operate, can be scaled up, and is inexpensive. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the results of treating wheat grains with the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of Example 1;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the results of treating live wheat ears with the hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material of Example 2;

[0031] Figure 3 This describes the effect of the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of Example 1 on the water absorption process of wheat grains. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all test materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or in accordance with the product manual may be followed.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and its preparation method, as detailed below:

[0037] The raw materials for the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material include chitosan powder, zein, nano-silica, and solvents, wherein the solvents are 1% acetic acid solution, 85% ethanol solution, and distilled water; in this embodiment, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0038] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0039] (1) Dissolve 1g of chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid solution to form 100ml of chitosan solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%;

[0040] (2) Dissolve 2g of zein in 85% ethanol solution to form 100ml of zein solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 2%.

[0041] (3) Disperse 1g of nano silica in distilled water to form 100ml of nano silica solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a nano silica dispersant with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0042] (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir thoroughly to form a nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution;

[0043] (5) Add the corn glycerin solution to the nano silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

[0044] (6) Select dormant wheat grains and spray them evenly with a fine mist once. The amount should be enough to completely wet the sprayed area.

[0045] (7) Place the sprayed wheat grains on moist filter paper in a petri dish and incubate them in an incubator for 7 days. Spray the grains with water once every other day during this period to maintain humidity.

[0046] (8) The germination rate of wheat grains was counted 7 days later.

[0047] The effect of the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material on wheat grain treatment results and the wheat grain water absorption process in this embodiment is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment provides a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and its preparation method, as detailed below:

[0050] The raw materials for the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material include chitosan powder, zein, nano-silica, and solvents, wherein the solvents are 1% acetic acid solution, 85% ethanol solution, and distilled water; in this embodiment, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0051] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0052] (1) Dissolve 1g of chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid solution to form 100ml of chitosan solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0053] (2) Dissolve 1g of zein in 85% ethanol solution to form 100ml of zein solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0054] (3) Disperse 1g of nano silica in distilled water to form 100ml of nano silica solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a nano silica dispersant with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0055] (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir thoroughly to form a nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution;

[0056] (5) Add the corn glycerin solution to the nano silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

[0057] (6) Spray the wheat ears in the field with a fine mist twice, at a rate of 30 liters per mu.

[0058] (7) Spray water on the wheat ears in the field treated with the spray to maintain humidity.

[0059] (8) Remove the treated wheat grains and count the germination rate.

[0060] The results of treating wheat ears with the hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material in this embodiment are shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment provides a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and its preparation method, as detailed below:

[0063] The raw materials for the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material include chitosan powder, zein, nano-silica, and solvents, wherein the solvents are 1% acetic acid solution, 85% ethanol solution, and distilled water; in this embodiment, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%.

[0064] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0065] (1) Dissolve 0.1g of chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid solution to form 100ml of chitosan solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%;

[0066] (2) Dissolve 0.1g of zein in 85% ethanol solution to form 100ml of zein solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%;

[0067] (3) Disperse 0.1g of nano silica in distilled water to form 100ml of nano silica solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a nano silica dispersant with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0068] (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir thoroughly to form a nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution;

[0069] (5) Add the corn glycerin solution to the nano silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] This embodiment provides a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and its preparation method, as detailed below:

[0072] The raw materials for the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material include chitosan powder, zein, nano silica, and solvents. The solvents are 1% acetic acid solution, 85% ethanol solution, and distilled water. In this embodiment, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 5%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 5%, and the nano silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%.

[0073] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0074] (1) Dissolve 5g of chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid solution to form 100ml of chitosan solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0075] (2) Dissolve 5g of zein in 85% ethanol solution to form 100ml of zein solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0076] (3) Disperse 3g of nano silica in distilled water to form 100ml of nano silica solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a nano silica dispersant with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0077] (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir thoroughly to form a nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution;

[0078] (5) Add the corn glycerin solution to the nano silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] This embodiment provides a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and its preparation method, as detailed below:

[0081] The raw materials for the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material include chitosan powder, zein, nano-silica, and solvents. The solvents are 1% acetic acid solution, 85% ethanol solution, and distilled water. In this embodiment, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0082] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0083] (1) Dissolve 2g of chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid solution to form 100ml of chitosan solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0084] (2) Dissolve 2g of zein in 85% ethanol solution to form 100ml of zein solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0085] (3) Disperse 1g of nano silica in distilled water to form 100ml of nano silica solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a nano silica dispersant with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0086] (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir thoroughly to form a nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution;

[0087] (5) Add the corn glycerin solution to the nano silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

[0088] Example 6

[0089] This embodiment provides a hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination and its preparation method, as detailed below:

[0090] The raw materials for the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material include chitosan powder, zein, nano-silica, and solvents. The solvents are 1% acetic acid solution, 85% ethanol solution, and distilled water. In this embodiment, the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%.

[0091] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0092] (1) Dissolve 3g of chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid solution to form 100ml of chitosan solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0093] (2) Dissolve 3g of zein in 85% ethanol solution to form 100ml of zein solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0094] (3) Disperse 2g of nano silica in distilled water to form 100ml of nano silica solution, stir thoroughly to obtain a nano silica dispersant with a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

[0095] (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir thoroughly to form a nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution;

[0096] (5) Add the corn glycerin solution to the nano silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir thoroughly to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

[0097] The hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material of this invention comprises a ternary composite structure of chitosan, zein, and nano-silica. The nano-silica particles are spherical and aggregated together; the chitosan surface is smooth and dense, without cracks; therefore, the chitosan structure is uniform and dense, exhibiting excellent encapsulation properties. The zein structure consists of spherical particles of varying sizes forming a network that interconnects. In the composite structure, zein is uniformly dispersed within the chitosan, and the surface of the zein is covered by chitosan, filling any gaps in the network structure formed by the zein. The nano-silica can be embedded in the surfaces of the zein and chitosan, reducing the occurrence of aggregation.

[0098] Spraying the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of the present invention onto the surface of mature wheat grains forms a hydrophobic interface membrane, which can effectively inhibit wheat ear germination and ensure safe wheat production. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material of the present invention has a good effect on inhibiting wheat ear germination. After spraying, it can reduce the germination rate of detached ears by more than 95%, thereby reducing the yield and quality loss caused by wheat ear germination.

[0099] The preparation method of this invention is simple to operate, can be scaled up, and is inexpensive.

[0100] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrophobic interfacial membrane composite material for inhibiting wheat ear germination, characterized in that, The mixture includes chitosan powder, zein, nano-silica, and a solvent; wherein the chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%; the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%; the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-3%; the chitosan powder needs to be dissolved in a 1% acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%; the zein needs to be dissolved in an 85% ethanol solution to obtain a zein solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-5%; the hydrophobic interface membrane composite material is sprayed onto the surface of mature wheat grains to form a hydrophobic interface membrane.

2. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

3. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

4. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 0.1%.

5. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 5%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 5%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%.

6. The hydrophobic interface film composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 1%.

7. The hydrophobic interface membrane composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chitosan solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%, the zein solution has a mass-volume concentration of 3%, and the nano-silica solution has a mass-volume concentration of 2%.

8. The method for preparing the hydrophobic interface film composite material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Chitosan powder was dissolved in 1% acetic acid solution and stirred to obtain chitosan solution; (2) Dissolve zein in 85% ethanol solution and stir to obtain zein solution; (3) Disperse nano-silica in distilled water and stir to obtain nano-silica dispersant; (4) Add nano-silica dispersant to the chitosan solution and stir to form nano-silica-chitosan film-forming solution; (5) Add the corn glycerin solution to the nano silica-chitosan film-forming solution and stir to obtain a hydrophobic interface film composite material.

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