High-precision header profiling device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high-precision header profiling devices, including convex cylinder, profiling piston rod, profiling wheel axle, profiling wheel and liquid level laser sensor;Convex cylinder has the liquid cylinder upper chamber and the liquid cylinder lower chamber through and through, the cross-sectional area of liquid cylinder upper chamber is less than the cross-sectional area of liquid cylinder lower chamber, and profiling piston rod is connected with the liquid cylinder lower chamber;Liquid level laser sensor is fixed on the top of liquid cylinder upper chamber, for real-time monitoring the liquid level height variation of convex cylinder;Profiling wheel axle is detachably horizontally installed at the end of profiling piston rod, and two profiling wheels are installed at the left and right ends of profiling wheel axle;When profiling piston rod is completely extended, the hydraulic oil in convex cylinder just fills the liquid cylinder lower chamber, i.e.the liquid level of hydraulic oil just exceeds the bottom of liquid cylinder upper chamber.The present application amplifies the terrain variation amount of header in profiling process by the cross-sectional variation of convex cylinder upper chamber and lower chamber, improves the response speed and sensitivity of profiling header.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically to a high-precision header contouring device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of agricultural mechanization, the header of harvesting machinery is one of the key components in the crop harvesting process. However, traditional header designs often lack effective adaptability to terrain changes, resulting in unstable distances between the header and the ground under different terrain conditions, thus affecting operational efficiency and harvest quality. This is particularly evident in uneven terrain or hilly areas.

[0003] To address this issue, several header contouring devices have emerged on the market. These devices utilize various sensors to monitor terrain changes and adjust the header height via hydraulic or mechanical systems to ensure the appropriate distance between the header and the ground. However, existing contouring devices have several drawbacks. First, their response time is slow, failing to adjust the header height promptly, resulting in low operational efficiency. Second, their accuracy is low, making it difficult to accurately detect subtle changes in terrain. Furthermore, these devices are susceptible to damage in harsh operating environments, requiring frequent maintenance and parts replacement.

[0004] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN219330094U, "An Automatic Cutting-Out Device for a Cutting Platform," utilizes an angle sensor to solve the problem of cutting-out contouring. However, the sensor signal exhibits lag, resulting in unclear real-time performance, especially when the machine operates at high speeds, where the contouring effect is unsatisfactory. Chinese invention patent application CN112400372A, "A Contouring Mechanical Weeding Device Based on Machine Vision Technology," proposes a connection between machine vision and contouring, but the contouring process is complex and difficult to implement. Zhu Jian, Yin Wenqing, Xie Bei. Application of embedded electro-hydraulic proportional control system in header height control of combine harvester [J]. Hydraulics and Pneumatics, 2012(1):4.DOI:10.3969 / j.issn.1000-4858.2012.01.030. An electro-hydraulic proportional control system for header height, consisting of an S3C2440 chip, an ultrasonic sensor, and an electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve, was designed based on embedded technology. This system can adjust the displacement time of the hydraulic cylinder according to the pressure changes caused by ground undulations. The greater the pressure, the shorter the displacement time, thus achieving the purpose of monitoring header changes throughout the process. With the popularization of automatic contouring, laser sensors and ultrasonic sensors are applied to header contouring. They work very well in good working environments, but when applied to the working environment of agricultural machinery, the lag becomes prominent due to noise and the fast speed of agricultural machinery.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new type of header contouring device that can improve response speed, sensitivity, and stability to adapt to different terrain environments, reduce header loss, and improve harvesting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision cutting table contouring device. By changing the cross-section of the upper and lower chambers of the convex hydraulic cylinder, the device amplifies the amount of terrain change during the contouring process, thereby improving the response speed and sensitivity of the contouring cutting table.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] 1. A high-precision cutting table contouring device, comprising a convex hydraulic cylinder 2, a contouring piston rod 10, a contouring wheel axle 11, a contouring wheel 4, and a liquid level laser sensor 1.

[0009] The convex cylinder 2 has an upper cylinder chamber 7 and a lower cylinder chamber 8 that are connected vertically. The cross-sectional area of ​​the upper cylinder chamber 7 is smaller than that of the lower cylinder chamber 8. The contour piston rod 10 is connected to the lower cylinder chamber 8. The liquid level laser sensor 1 is fixed to the top of the upper cylinder chamber 7 and is used to monitor the liquid level change of the convex cylinder 2 in real time. The contour wheel axle 11 is detachably and horizontally installed at the end of the contour piston rod 10, and two contour wheels 4 are installed at the left and right ends of the contour wheel axle 11.

[0010] When the contoured piston rod 10 is fully extended, the hydraulic oil in the convex cylinder 2 just fills the lower chamber 8 of the cylinder, that is, the hydraulic oil level just exceeds the bottom of the upper chamber 7 of the cylinder.

[0011] The piston rod body 29 of the contoured piston rod 10 has a piston head 28 at the top and a piston rod end 30 at the bottom. The piston head 28 is located in the lower chamber 8 of the hydraulic cylinder and is limited by the lower end cover 18 of the hydraulic cylinder. A sealing gasket 9 and a sealing ring 3 are respectively installed on the upper and lower parts of the piston head 28 to prevent hydraulic oil leakage in the chamber. The piston rod end 30 is detachably fixed to the middle part of the contoured wheel axle 11.

[0012] The diameter of the upper chamber 7 of the hydraulic cylinder is 1 / 2 times the diameter of the lower chamber 8 of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the distance the hydraulic oil level in the convex hydraulic cylinder 2 rises is 4 times the distance the contour piston rod 10 is raised by the ground.

[0013] The diameters of the upper chamber 7 and lower chamber 8 of the hydraulic cylinder are designed according to requirements, so that the distance the hydraulic oil level in the convex cylinder 2 rises is 2 to 10 times the distance the contour piston rod 10 is raised by the ground.

[0014] The left and right ends of the axle body 26 of the contour wheel axle 11 are provided with axle head 27; each axle head 27 is equipped with a sliding bearing 14, and the two sides of the sliding bearing 14 are equipped with a first bearing sleeve 12 and a second bearing sleeve 13 for axial positioning; the contour wheel 4 is mounted on the outer ring of the sliding bearing 14.

[0015] The high-precision cutting table contouring device is fixed to the cutting table using a three-point fixing method. A pair of cylindrical connectors 19 are fixed to the left and right sides of the lower cavity 8 of the hydraulic cylinder. The two cylindrical connectors 19 and the upper cavity 7 of the hydraulic cylinder are all fixed to the mounting rod 15 of the cutting table through a fixing buckle 17.

[0016] A rubber anti-slip pad 16 is provided between the fixing buckle 17 and the mounting rod 15.

[0017] The position of the fixing buckle 17 on the cylindrical connector 19 can be freely adjusted to adapt to the contour height of different terrains.

[0018] A cutting table with a high-precision cutting table contouring device, wherein two high-precision cutting table contouring devices are provided at the rear end of the cutting table.

[0019] The cutting platform includes side plates 24, crossbeams 25, longitudinal beams 21, lifting hydraulic cylinders 22, upper fixed supports 20, and lower fixed supports 23; multiple crossbeams 25 are fixed between two side plates 24, and the mounting rod 15 is fixed to the rear crossbeams 25; a pair of longitudinal beams 21 are fixed to the front crossbeams 25; a pair of lifting hydraulic cylinders 22 are hinged to the front crossbeams 25 and located below the longitudinal beams 21; the front ends of the longitudinal beams 21 and the lifting hydraulic cylinders 22 are respectively hinged to the rear end of the tractor through the upper fixed supports 20 and the lower fixed supports 23.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The convex hydraulic cylinder of this invention features an internal cavity design that differs from traditional hydraulic cylinders, with one end of the internal cavity having a smaller cross-sectional area than the other. This design allows the shape of the hydraulic cylinder's internal cavity to change according to the piston position, thereby amplifying the ground undulation signal. The convex hydraulic cylinder design enables the header to sense ground changes more quickly and make rapid adjustments. Compared to traditional hydraulic cylinders, the convex hydraulic cylinder adapts to terrain changes faster, thus improving contouring speed. This allows the header to operate more smoothly on different terrains. The special design of the convex hydraulic cylinder amplifies the terrain undulation signal, allowing the header to more accurately sense ground changes and maintain an appropriate distance from the ground. This precise contouring adjustment helps reduce the gap between the header and the ground, improving operational efficiency and quality. The convex hydraulic cylinder is suitable for headers in various types of agricultural implements and can be designed and adjusted according to specific needs, exhibiting strong versatility and adaptability. Whether facing flat or undulating terrain, the convex hydraulic cylinder can effectively perform contouring adjustment, ensuring stable operation of the header.

[0022] This invention amplifies the terrain change during the contouring process of the header by varying the cross-section of the upper and lower chambers of the convex hydraulic cylinder, thereby improving the response speed and sensitivity of the contouring header. It features convenient assembly and disassembly, applicability to other header contouring applications, and addresses the shortcomings of traditional harvesters in intelligent header control, reducing header losses and promoting the development of high-efficiency, low-loss harvesters. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-precision cutting table contouring device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the contoured piston rod 10;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contour wheel axle 11;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sliding bearing 14 and the contour wheel axle 11;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the high-precision cutting table contouring device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is an overall assembly drawing of the cutting table of the high-precision cutting table contouring device of the present invention.

[0029] The reference numerals in the attached figures are:

[0030] 1. Liquid level laser sensor 2. Convex liquid cylinder

[0031] 3 sealing rings 4 contouring wheels

[0032] 5. Mounting nut 6. Sensor mounting bracket

[0033] 7. Upper chamber of hydraulic cylinder; 8. Lower chamber of hydraulic cylinder

[0034] 9. Sealing gasket; 10. Contouring piston rod

[0035] 11. Contouring wheel axle; 12. First bearing sleeve

[0036] 13 Second bearing sleeve 14 Sliding bearing

[0037] 15 Mounting rod 16 Rubber anti-slip pad

[0038] 17 Fixed buckle 18 Lower end cover of hydraulic cylinder

[0039] 19 Cylindrical connector 20 Upper fixed support

[0040] 21 Longitudinal beam 22 Hydraulic cylinder

[0041] 23 Lower fixed support 24 Side plate

[0042] 25 crossbeam, 26 wheel axle body

[0043] 27 wheel axle head 28 piston head

[0044] 29 Piston rod body 30 Piston rod end Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-precision cutting table contouring device includes a convex hydraulic cylinder 2, a contouring piston rod 10, a contouring wheel axle 11, a contouring wheel 4, and a liquid level laser sensor 1.

[0047] The convex cylinder 2 has an upper cylinder chamber 7 and a lower cylinder chamber 8 that run vertically through each other. The cross-sectional area of ​​the upper cylinder chamber 7 is smaller than that of the lower cylinder chamber 8. The contour piston rod 10 is connected to the lower cylinder chamber 8 and is limited by the lower cylinder end cover 18. The liquid level laser sensor 1 is fixed to the top of the upper cylinder chamber 7 by a mounting nut 5 and a sensor fixing seat 6, and is used to monitor the liquid level change of the convex cylinder 2 in real time. The contour wheel axle 11 is detachably and horizontally mounted at the end of the contour piston rod 10, and two contour wheels 4 are mounted at the left and right ends of the contour wheel axle 11 by sliding bearings 14.

[0048] like Figure 2As shown, the top end of the piston rod body 29 of the contour piston rod 10 is the piston head 28, and the bottom end is the piston rod end 30; the piston head 28 is located in the lower cavity 8 of the hydraulic cylinder and is limited by the lower end cover 18 of the hydraulic cylinder; the upper and lower parts of the piston head 28 are respectively equipped with sealing gaskets 9 and sealing rings 3 to prevent hydraulic oil leakage in the cavity; the piston rod end 30 is detachably fixed to the middle part of the contour wheel axle 11.

[0049] When the contoured piston rod 10 is fully extended, the hydraulic oil in the convex cylinder 2 just fills the lower chamber 8 of the cylinder, that is, the hydraulic oil level just exceeds the bottom of the upper chamber 7 of the cylinder.

[0050] Preferably, the diameter of the upper chamber 7 of the hydraulic cylinder is half the diameter of the lower chamber 8. Therefore, when the contour piston rod 10 is raised a certain distance by the ground, the hydraulic oil level in the convex cylinder 2 will rise four times this distance. This allows for a more accurate and rapid reflection of terrain changes, improving contouring accuracy and speed. In actual design of the parameters of the convex cylinder 2, the diameters of the upper chamber 7 and the lower chamber 8 can be designed according to requirements, allowing the amount of terrain change to be amplified within a reasonable range of 2 to 10 times.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, both the left and right ends of the axle body 26 of the contour wheel axle 11 are provided with an axle head 27. Figure 4 As shown, each axle head 27 is equipped with a sliding bearing 14, and the two sides of the sliding bearing 14 are equipped with a first bearing sleeve 12 and a second bearing sleeve 13 for axial positioning; the contour wheel 4 is mounted on the outer ring of the sliding bearing 14.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the high-precision cutting table contouring device is fixed to the cutting table in a three-point fixing manner. A pair of cylindrical connectors 19 are fixed to the left and right sides of the lower cavity 8 of the hydraulic cylinder. The two cylindrical connectors 19 and the upper cavity 7 of the hydraulic cylinder are all fixed to the mounting rod 15 of the cutting table through a fixing buckle 17.

[0053] Preferably, a rubber anti-slip pad 16 is provided between the fixing buckle 17 and the mounting rod 15 to make the connection more reliable.

[0054] The position of the fixing buckle 17 on the cylindrical connector 19 can be freely adjusted to adapt to the contour height of different terrains.

[0055] like Figure 6As shown, the rear end of the cutting platform is equipped with two high-precision cutting platform contouring devices; the cutting platform includes side plates 24, crossbeams 25, longitudinal beams 21, lifting hydraulic cylinders 22, upper fixed supports 20, and lower fixed supports 23; multiple crossbeams 25 are fixedly connected between two side plates 24, and the mounting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the rear crossbeams 25; a pair of longitudinal beams 21 are fixedly connected to the front crossbeams 25; a pair of lifting hydraulic cylinders 22 are hinged to the front crossbeams 25 and located below the longitudinal beams 21; the front ends of the longitudinal beams 21 and the lifting hydraulic cylinders 22 are respectively hinged to the rear end of the tractor through the upper fixed supports 20 and the lower fixed supports 23.

[0056] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0057] First, the liquid level in the convex cylinder 2 is measured by the liquid level laser sensor 1. This height signal is an amplified signal of the change in ground height. The controller PLC processes the signal and uses a pre-set fuzzy PID algorithm to input an electrical signal to the hydraulic control valve, controlling the lifting hydraulic cylinder 22 to rise and fall. This enables the entire cutting platform to adapt to the terrain during its movement. This device is more sensitive to terrain changes and reacts faster.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, whether directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision cutting table contouring device, characterized in that, The high-precision cutting table contouring device includes a convex liquid cylinder (2), a contouring piston rod (10), a contouring wheel axle (11), a contouring wheel (4), and a liquid level laser sensor (1). The convex cylinder (2) has an upper cylinder cavity (7) and a lower cylinder cavity (8) that are connected vertically. The cross-sectional area of ​​the upper cylinder cavity (7) is smaller than that of the lower cylinder cavity (8). The contour piston rod (10) is connected to the lower cylinder cavity (8). The liquid level laser sensor (1) is fixed to the top of the upper cylinder cavity (7) and is used to monitor the change in liquid level in the convex cylinder (2) in real time. The contour wheel axle (11) is detachably and horizontally installed at the end of the contour piston rod (10). Two contour wheels (4) are installed at the left and right ends of the contour wheel axle (11). When the contoured piston rod (10) is fully extended, the hydraulic oil in the convex cylinder (2) just fills the lower chamber (8) of the cylinder, that is, the hydraulic oil level just exceeds the bottom of the upper chamber (7) of the cylinder. The high-precision cutting table contouring device is fixed to the cutting table in a three-point fixing manner. A pair of cylindrical connectors (19) are fixed to the left and right sides of the lower cavity (8) of the hydraulic cylinder. The two cylindrical connectors (19) and the upper cavity (7) of the hydraulic cylinder are fixed to the mounting rod (15) of the cutting table through a fixing buckle (17).

2. The high-precision cutting table contouring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod body (29) of the contoured piston rod (10) has a piston head (28) at the top and a piston rod end (30) at the bottom. The piston head (28) is located in the lower chamber (8) of the hydraulic cylinder and is limited by the lower end cap (18) of the hydraulic cylinder. The upper and lower parts of the piston head (28) are respectively equipped with a sealing gasket (9) and a sealing ring (3) to prevent hydraulic oil leakage in the chamber. The piston rod end (30) is detachably fixed to the middle part of the contoured wheel axle (11).

3. The high-precision cutting table contouring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the upper chamber (7) of the hydraulic cylinder is 1 / 2 times the diameter of the lower chamber (8) of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the hydraulic oil level in the convex hydraulic cylinder (2) rises a distance that is 4 times the distance that the contour piston rod (10) is raised by the ground.

4. The high-precision cutting table contouring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the upper chamber (7) and the lower chamber (8) of the hydraulic cylinder are designed according to the requirements, so that the distance the hydraulic oil level in the convex hydraulic cylinder (2) rises is 2 to 10 times the distance the contour piston rod (10) is raised by the ground.

5. The high-precision cutting table contouring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axle body (26) of the contour wheel axle (11) is provided with an axle head (27) at both the left and right ends; each axle head (27) is equipped with a sliding bearing (14), and the two sides of the sliding bearing (14) are equipped with a first bearing sleeve (12) and a second bearing sleeve (13) for axial positioning; the contour wheel (4) is installed on the outer ring of the sliding bearing (14).

6. The high-precision cutting table contouring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber anti-slip pad (16) is provided between the fixing buckle (17) and the mounting rod (15).

7. The high-precision cutting table contouring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position of the fixing buckle (17) on the cylindrical connector (19) can be freely adjusted to adapt to different terrain contour heights.

8. A cutting table having the high-precision cutting table contouring device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The rear end of the cutting platform is equipped with two high-precision cutting platform contouring devices.

9. The cutting platform according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cutting platform includes side plates (24), crossbeams (25), longitudinal beams (21), lifting hydraulic cylinders (22), upper fixed supports (20), and lower fixed supports (23); multiple crossbeams (25) are fixed between two side plates (24), and the mounting rod (15) is fixed to the rear crossbeams (25); a pair of longitudinal beams (21) are fixed to the front crossbeams (25); a pair of lifting hydraulic cylinders (22) are hinged to the front crossbeams (25) and located below the longitudinal beams (21); the front ends of the longitudinal beams (21) and the lifting hydraulic cylinders (22) are respectively hinged to the rear end of the tractor through the upper fixed supports (20) and the lower fixed supports (23).

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