BIM-based methods and devices for cost control of building projects

Abstract

The present application provides a BIM-based construction project cost control method and device, which relates to the field of BIM technology. The method includes: generating a construction budget for a building to be built based on a BIM model; calculating the difference between the construction budget and the preset budget, and using the difference as the budget to be adjusted; grouping each component to generate multiple category components; determining the contribution of each category component to the construction budget based on the basic information of each category component, sorting each category component, and generating a contribution ranking; selecting the category component that is in the last N items in the contribution ranking as the first category component to be adjusted, and generating a second category component to be adjusted based on the component parameters of each category component; and generating a target BIM model by combining the budget to be adjusted, the first category component to be adjusted, and the second category component to be adjusted. The technical effect of the present application is that when the budget of a project exceeds expectations, there is no need to rebuild the BIM model, which can effectively reduce manpower and time costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of BIM technology, specifically to a BIM-based method and apparatus for cost control of building projects. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the construction industry, the scale of construction projects is increasing, and the difficulty of project management is also constantly rising. In the process of construction project management, reasonable and effective control of project costs is key to ensuring the smooth implementation of the project.

[0003] Currently, Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology can be used for cost budgeting and control project costs to a certain extent. However, when the project budget exceeds expectations, in traditional BIM applications, budget overruns usually require rebuilding the BIM model, which consumes a lot of manpower and time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a BIM-based method and apparatus for cost control of building projects, which can effectively reduce manpower and time costs when the project budget exceeds expectations without rebuilding the BIM model.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a BIM-based method for cost control of building projects. The method includes: acquiring a BIM model of a building to be constructed; generating a construction budget for the building to be constructed based on the BIM model; comparing the construction budget with a preset budget; if the construction budget is greater than the preset budget, calculating the difference between the construction budget and the preset budget, and using the difference as the budget to be adjusted; acquiring component information of all components that construct the BIM model; grouping the components according to preset standards based on the component information of each component to generate multiple categories of components; determining the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget based on the basic information of each category of components; sorting the category of components according to the magnitude of their contribution to the construction budget to generate a contribution ranking; selecting the category of components that are in the last N items of the contribution ranking to generate a first category of components to be adjusted, and generating a second category of components to be adjusted based on the component parameters of each category of components; and adjusting the BIM model by combining the budget to be adjusted, the first category of components to be adjusted, and the second category of components to be adjusted to generate a target BIM model.

[0006] By employing the aforementioned technical solution and conducting in-depth analysis of the BIM model, a precise assessment of the impact of different component categories on project costs can be achieved. The solution prioritizes components based on their contribution, identifying those with lower importance and greater room for cost adjustment—the first and second categories of components to be adjusted. Adjustments are then made to these components with cost optimization potential and minimal overall impact, thus controlling costs exceeding the budget. This solution achieves fine-grained control combined with component contribution analysis, avoiding the risk of excessive reduction of important components. Furthermore, the solution guides cost control by adjusting BIM model data, rather than rebuilding the entire model, reducing the time and resource costs required for control. When the project budget exceeds expectations, there is no need to rebuild the BIM model, effectively reducing manpower and time costs.

[0007] Optionally, generating the construction budget for the building to be constructed based on the BIM model includes: obtaining the names, specifications, and quantity parameters of all components that constitute the BIM model; predicting the construction cost based on the names, specifications, and quantity parameters of all components in the BIM model; selecting the unit price parameters of components that match the names and specifications of each component from a preset component library to generate cost parameters for each component; calculating the cost of each component based on the quantity parameters and cost parameters of each component; and summing the costs of each component and the construction cost to generate the construction budget for the building to be constructed.

[0008] By employing the above technical solution, the component names, specifications, quantities, and other parameters of the BIM model are automatically extracted and matched with the unit price parameters in the preset component library to accurately calculate the cost of each component. Then, the costs of each component and the predicted construction costs are summarized to form the final construction budget. This solution achieves accurate cost prediction based on actual BIM model components, greatly improving the accuracy of budget preparation.

[0009] Optionally, the basic information includes quantity and unit price. Determining the contribution of each category of component to the construction budget based on the basic information of each category of component includes: extracting the quantity and unit price of each category of component in the BIM model; and determining the contribution of each category of component to the construction budget based on the quantity and unit price of each category of component.

[0010] By employing the above technical solution and extracting the component quantity and unit price parameters from the BIM model, it is possible to accurately calculate the contribution of each component category to the project budget. Utilizing BIM model data allows for more accurate and rapid assessment of component contributions, providing precise analytical support for subsequent cost control.

[0011] Optionally, determining the contribution of each type of component to the construction budget based on its quantity and unit price includes: calculating the cost of each type of component based on its quantity and unit price; determining a first contribution factor for each type of component based on its cost; determining an assembly difficulty coefficient for each type of component based on its technological complexity; determining a second contribution factor for each type of component based on its assembly difficulty coefficient; obtaining a first weighting coefficient corresponding to the first contribution factor and a second weighting coefficient corresponding to the second contribution factor; arithmetically multiplying the first contribution factor of each type of component by the first weighting coefficient to obtain a first weighted contribution factor; arithmetically multiplying the second contribution factor of each type of component by the second weighting coefficient to obtain a second weighted contribution factor; and combining the first weighted contribution factor and the second weighted contribution factor to determine the contribution of each type of component to the construction budget.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, and considering both the direct cost contribution and the ease of construction of components, a precise assessment of the component's contribution can be achieved. First, the quantity and unit price of each component are calculated to obtain the direct cost contribution, i.e., the first contribution factor. Then, the ease of assembly of the components is assessed to obtain the second contribution factor. Next, different weights are assigned to the two factors, and a weighted calculation is performed to combine the influence of both factors, resulting in an adjusted and accurate contribution value. This calculation method, which considers multiple factors and assigns weights, makes the component contribution assessment more comprehensive and accurate, facilitating targeted cost optimization in the future.

[0013] Optionally, the component parameters include importance parameters and construction cost parameters. The step of generating a second category component to be adjusted based on the component parameters of each category component includes: generating a second category component to be adjusted based on the importance parameters and construction cost parameters of each category component.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution and simultaneously considering both the importance parameters and construction cost parameters of components, suitable component categories for cost optimization can be identified in a targeted manner. First, the importance of each component category is assessed, and then, combined with its construction cost parameters, components with lower importance but higher cost parameters are identified as the second category to be adjusted. This approach considers both minimal impact on the overall structure and high individual costs, ensuring that the identified component categories have room for cost adjustment without significantly affecting overall quality. By comprehensively considering both of these parameters, accurate and reasonable identification of the second category to be adjusted can be achieved, laying the foundation for effective cost control in the future.

[0015] Optionally, generating a second category component to be adjusted based on the importance parameters and construction cost parameters of each category component includes: sorting the category components by importance based on the importance parameters of each category component; selecting the category component ranked after a set position in the importance ranking as a third category component to be adjusted; and selecting the category component in the third category component to be adjusted whose construction cost parameter is higher than a preset value as a second category component to be adjusted.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, components are ranked according to importance parameters, and those with lower importance are identified as the third category to be adjusted. Further comparison of construction cost parameters among these components selects those whose cost parameters exceed preset values ​​as the second category to be adjusted. This dual screening mechanism of importance filtering followed by cost filtering effectively and accurately identifies component categories that are neither too important nor lack cost reduction potential. This makes subsequent cost optimization adjustments for the second category more precise and effective, thereby achieving accurate identification of key component categories for cost control.

[0017] Optionally, adjusting the BIM model by combining the budget to be adjusted, the first category of components to be adjusted, and the second category of components to be adjusted to generate a target BIM model includes: adjusting the first category of components to be adjusted and the second category of components to be adjusted until they meet the requirements of the budget to be adjusted, wherein the adjustment method includes reducing the number of components in the first category of components to be adjusted and the second category of components to be adjusted, replacing component specifications, types, or costs, or one or more of these; and adjusting the BIM model according to the adjustment results to generate a target BIM model.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, focusing on components in the first and second adjustment categories, iterative adjustments are made through methods such as reducing quantities and replacing specifications until costs are controlled within the budget requirements. This approach effectively adjusts non-critical components while avoiding impact on critical ones. After adjustment, the results are applied to the BIM model to generate a target model containing adjustment information. The entire process achieves BIM model adjustment based on component contribution analysis results, ensuring targeted adjustments while preserving the model's integrity to the greatest extent possible.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a BIM-based construction project cost control device, the device comprising: a first acquisition module, a comparison module, a second calculation module, a generation module, a selection module, and an output module; wherein, the first acquisition module is used to acquire the BIM model of the building to be constructed, and generate a construction budget for the building to be constructed based on the BIM model; the comparison module is used to compare the construction budget with a preset budget, and if the construction budget is greater than the preset budget, calculate the difference between the construction budget and the preset budget, and use the difference as the budget to be adjusted; the second calculation module is used to acquire the component information of all components that construct the BIM model, and calculate the cost control of the building according to the component information of each component, according to a preset... The standard groups the components to generate multiple categories of components. The generation module is used to determine the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget based on the basic information of each category of components, and to sort the categories of components according to the magnitude of their contribution to the construction budget, generating a contribution ranking. The selection module is used to select the category of components that are in the last N items of the contribution ranking, generate a first category of components to be adjusted, and generate a second category of components to be adjusted based on the component parameters of each category of components. The output module is used to combine the budget to be adjusted, the first category of components to be adjusted, and the second category of components to be adjusted to adjust the BIM model and generate a target BIM model.

[0020] By employing the aforementioned technical solution and conducting in-depth analysis of the BIM model, a precise assessment of the impact of different component categories on project costs can be achieved. The solution prioritizes components based on their contribution, identifying those with lower importance and greater room for cost adjustment—the first and second categories of components to be adjusted. Adjustments are then made to these components with cost optimization potential and minimal overall impact, thus controlling costs exceeding the budget. This solution achieves fine-grained control combined with component contribution analysis, avoiding the risk of excessive reduction of important components. Furthermore, the solution guides cost control by adjusting BIM model data, rather than rebuilding the entire model, reducing the time and resource costs required for control. When the project budget exceeds expectations, there is no need to rebuild the BIM model, effectively reducing manpower and time costs.

[0021] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device that adopts the following technical solution: it includes a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface. The memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory to enable the electronic device to execute a computer program such as any of the above-mentioned BIM-based construction project cost control methods.

[0022] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which adopts the following technical solution: storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed any of the above-mentioned BIM-based construction project cost control methods.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. When a project's budget exceeds expectations, there is no need to rebuild the BIM model, which can effectively reduce manpower and time costs;

[0025] 2. The entire process achieved BIM model adjustments based on component contribution analysis results, ensuring both targeted adjustments and maximizing the preservation of model integrity. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a BIM-based construction project cost control method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a BIM-based building project cost control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1000, electronic device; 1001, processor; 1002, communication bus; 1003, user interface; 1004, network interface; 1005, memory. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments in this application, words such as "illustrative," "for example," or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "illustrative," "for example," or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "illustrative," "for example," or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a BIM-based cost control method for building projects provided in an embodiment of this application. It should be understood that, although... Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows; unless explicitly stated otherwise, there is no strict order requirement for the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders; and Figure 1 At least some of the steps in the process may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0033] This application discloses a BIM-based method for cost control in building projects, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes S101-S106.

[0034] S101, Obtain the BIM model of the building to be constructed, and generate the construction budget of the building to be constructed based on the BIM model.

[0035] In one example, during the architectural design phase, architects use BIM software to create a 3D digital model of the project, forming the project's BIM model file. This model includes the overall geometry of the project, as well as the location and design parameters of various components such as walls, floors, roofs, doors, and windows.

[0036] In this plan, the architects created a BIM model file for the proposed building project. This is the foundation and prerequisite for subsequent work.

[0037] To control costs in construction projects, it is essential to first predict the project's construction budget. Building Information Modeling (BIM), a widely used digital modeling tool in the construction industry, contains three-dimensional model data and related information of the construction project. Based on the BIM model, detailed information such as the name, specifications, and quantity of all components that make up the model can be extracted. Therefore, this solution first requires obtaining the BIM model of the construction project to be built, and then using this as a basis to predict the construction budget.

[0038] Specifically, model processing software loads the BIM model file of the project to be built, reads the data of all components in the model, including walls, floors, roofs, doors and windows, equipment and facilities, etc. Then, based on the name and specifications of these components, the corresponding material unit price, labor unit price, and other rates are matched. Combined with the design quantity of each component, the cost of each component can be calculated. At the same time, considering the overall project situation, construction costs such as project management fees and temporary facility costs can be estimated. By summing the costs of each component and the construction costs, the construction budget for the building project can be generated.

[0039] This BIM-based budget generation method fully utilizes the detailed component information within the model, resulting in more accurate and detailed construction budgets and laying a solid information foundation for subsequent cost control. Compared to traditional methods that rely on experience-based estimations, it significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the budget.

[0040] Obtain the names, specifications, and quantity parameters of all components used to build the BIM model; predict the construction cost based on the names, specifications, and quantity parameters of all components in the BIM model; select the unit price parameters of components that match the names and specifications of each component from the preset component library to generate the cost parameters of each component; calculate the cost of each component based on the quantity and cost parameters of each component; summarize the costs of each component and the construction cost to generate the construction budget for the building to be built.

[0041] In one example, to predict and control the costs of a project under construction, a construction budget needs to be generated during the design phase. Generating the construction budget requires calculations based on detailed component information from the BIM model. Specifically, this involves loading the project's BIM model file and extracting parameters such as the name, specifications, and quantity of all components contained in the model. These are the foundational data for cost calculation. Based on the component information in the model, the overall construction cost of the project is predicted, including project management and temporary facility costs. Items matching the component names and specifications in the BIM model are selected from a standard preset component library, and the cost parameters, i.e., the unit price, for each component are obtained. Based on the quantity and unit price of each component, the cost of each component is calculated. By summing the costs of all components and the previously predicted construction costs, the overall construction budget for the project can be obtained.

[0042] S102, compare the construction budget with the preset budget. If the construction budget is greater than the preset budget, calculate the difference between the construction budget and the preset budget, and use the difference as the budget to be adjusted.

[0043] In one example, after generating a construction budget using a BIM model, this budget needs to be compared with a pre-set budget for the project. The pre-set budget is a total construction cost control target determined in the early stages of the project, based on experience data from similar projects, management requirements, and other factors. Comparing the construction budget generated by the BIM model with the pre-set budget allows us to determine whether the project design exceeds the established cost control target. If the BIM budget is greater than the pre-set budget, the difference is calculated; this difference represents the amount the current design exceeds the budget. This excess amount will be considered the budget to be adjusted. Subsequent adjustments and optimizations will be made to bring the BIM model back within the pre-set budget range. The budget to be adjusted is the optimization target for this round of adjustments; by reducing the size of the budget to be adjusted, project cost control is achieved.

[0044] S103: Obtain the component information of all components used to build the BIM model. Based on the component information of each component, group the components according to preset standards to generate multiple categories of components.

[0045] In one example, after determining the budget to be adjusted, it is necessary to analyze the components in the BIM model to identify the main sources of cost overruns. As a digital modeling tool, the BIM model contains detailed information about all components that make up the model, such as name, specifications, material, and quantity. To analyze the impact of different components on the total cost, it is necessary to first obtain the component information for all components in the model. Then, based on this information, the components need to be classified and grouped according to preset standards, such as classifying them into wall categories, door and window categories, and steel structure categories based on their function, material, and structural attributes. The purpose of this grouping is to facilitate subsequent cost accounting and adjustments by category. Different categories of components have different control points in cost control. Through such classification and grouping, the different categories of components in the model can be obtained, and information such as the quantity and specifications of components in each category can be statistically analyzed.

[0046] S104. Based on the basic information of each type of component, determine the contribution of each type of component to the construction budget. Based on the magnitude of the contribution of each type of component to the construction budget, sort the components of each type and generate a contribution ranking.

[0047] In one example, after classifying the components in the BIM model, the next step is to determine the contribution of each category to the overall construction budget. Basic component information includes quantity and unit price, which allows for the calculation of the cost for each category. Furthermore, different categories will have different cost percentages due to differences in function and nature.

[0048] Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the cost contribution of each category of components, i.e., its proportion in the construction budget, based on the quantity and unit price information of each category. Then, the categories are ranked according to their calculated contribution rates. The ranking results clearly show the degree of influence of different component categories on the total budget. In this application, the contribution rate refers to the magnitude or degree of influence of each component category on the overall construction budget. Specifically, it refers to the percentage of each category's cost in the total budget. The categories with the highest contribution rates in the ranking results will be the main cost control points. These categories require close attention and are more likely to become sources of cost overruns. Categories with lower contribution rates have weaker cost control effects and should not be excessively reduced. This contribution rate ranking allows subsequent control efforts to focus more on key areas, making overall control more efficient and preventing categories with less impact from being excessively reduced.

[0049] For example, if the total budget is 1 million yuan, and category A costs 200,000 yuan, then category A's contribution = 200,000 yuan / 1 million yuan = 20%. If category B costs 50,000 yuan, then category B's contribution = 50,000 yuan / 1 million yuan = 5%. Categories with higher contribution rates account for a larger proportion of the project cost and have a greater impact on the total budget, while categories with lower contribution rates have a smaller impact. Quantitative analysis of contribution rates provides a clear understanding of the importance of each component category to cost control, enabling the subsequent determination of control priorities and strategies.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, as an optional implementation, the basic information includes quantity and unit price. In S104: determining the contribution of each type of component to the construction budget based on the basic information of each type of component specifically includes:

[0051] Extract the quantity and unit price of each type of component from the BIM model; calculate the cost of each type of component based on the quantity and unit price; determine the first contribution factor for each type of component based on the cost; determine the assembly difficulty coefficient for each type of component based on the process complexity; determine the second contribution factor for each type of component based on the assembly difficulty coefficient; obtain the first weight coefficient corresponding to the first contribution factor and the second weight coefficient corresponding to the second contribution factor; arithmetically multiply the first contribution factor of each type of component by the first weight coefficient to obtain the first weighted contribution factor; arithmetically multiply the second contribution factor of each type of component by the second weight coefficient to obtain the second weighted contribution factor; combine the first weighted contribution factor and the second weighted contribution factor to determine the contribution of each type of component to the construction budget.

[0052] In one example, the system first extracts information such as the quantity and unit price of each type of component from the BIM model. Then, it automatically calculates the cost of each category based on the quantity and unit price, and determines the first contribution factor according to the proportion of cost to total cost. Simultaneously, the system queries a component manufacturing difficulty table to obtain the manufacturing difficulty coefficients for each category as the second contribution factor. Next, the system obtains the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first and second contribution factors from historical data. Then, the system multiplies the first contribution factor of each category by its corresponding weighting coefficient to obtain the first weighted contribution, and multiplies the second contribution factor of each category by its corresponding weighting coefficient to obtain the second weighted contribution. Finally, the system sums the first and second weighted contribution values ​​for each category to obtain the final contribution of that component category. In this way, the system automatically calculates the comprehensive contribution of each component category to the total cost.

[0053] The first contribution factor refers to the cost contribution directly brought by each component category. Specifically, it is calculated based on the quantity and unit price of the components to determine the total cost of that category. Then, the percentage of this total cost to the total project cost is calculated. This percentage is the first contribution factor.

[0054] The second contribution factor is used to represent the ease of assembly of components. Different components have different assembly difficulties due to variations in their manufacturing processes and technical requirements. Data from historical projects can be used to rank the main component categories by ease of assembly. Based on the ranking, a range, such as 1-10, is selected to represent the difficulty level. Component categories with higher difficulty are assigned higher scores, while those with lower difficulty are assigned lower scores. This results in a score between 1 and 10 for each main component category, serving as the second contribution factor. For example, steel structures rank highly and receive 9 points; brick-concrete structures are relatively simple and receive 5 points. This method can be used to obtain the second contribution factor for all main component categories.

[0055] The system connects to and loads a historical project database containing a large amount of component information and cost data for various projects. It then filters out similar projects and extracts the primary contribution factor (cost percentage) and secondary contribution factor (difficulty rating) for relevant components. The system performs statistical analysis to calculate the correlation between the primary and secondary contribution factors and their impact on project costs across these historical projects. Contribution factors with high correlation are assigned higher weight coefficients, such as 0.8; factors with moderate correlation are assigned lower weight coefficients, such as 0.5. After analysis, a recommended weight coefficient range for the primary and secondary contribution factors is determined. When calculating for specific projects, the system precisely determines the weight coefficients within this range to suit the specific circumstances of each project. Finally, the system applies the obtained weight coefficients to the calculation of the primary and secondary contribution factors.

[0056] S105, select the category components that are in the last N items of the contribution ranking, generate the first category component to be adjusted, and generate the second category component to be adjusted according to the component parameters of each category component.

[0057] In one example, after calculating and ranking the contributions of each category of components, it is necessary to select the primary categories to be adjusted based on the ranking results. The reason for selecting categories with lower contributions as the first category to be adjusted is that these categories have a smaller impact on the total cost, and appropriate reductions will not have a significant negative impact on the project.

[0058] Specifically, this involves selecting the corresponding category components from the last N items of the contribution ranking results to generate the first set of category components to be adjusted. The value of N can be set according to the overall adjustment target.

[0059] Furthermore, specific component parameters for different categories need to be considered, such as the importance and ease of construction of the components. Based on these parameter evaluations, categories that are easy to adjust and have a small impact can be identified and designated as the second category to be adjusted. Ultimately, two main categories to be adjusted are obtained: those with a small contribution and those that are adjustable based on parameter evaluations. These two categories will be the focus of cost optimization.

[0060] Assume the following main component categories: cement concrete structure (18% contribution); steel structure (12% contribution); brick-concrete structure (8% contribution); doors and windows (5% contribution); and interior decoration (3% contribution). Doors and windows and interior decoration, ranking last in contribution, are selected as the first category to be adjusted, with the goal of appropriately reducing their costs. Based on component parameter evaluation, steel structures are considered highly important and difficult to replace, while cement concrete structures are also difficult to adjust. Brick-concrete structures, however, can have their costs reduced by changing the masonry specifications. Therefore, brick-concrete structures are selected as the second category to be adjusted. The first category to be adjusted includes doors, windows, and interior decoration; the second category is brick-concrete structures. These two parts will be the focus of this round of cost control adjustments to reduce budget overruns.

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, as an optional real-time method, the component parameters include importance parameters and construction cost parameters. In S105: generating the second category of components to be adjusted based on the component parameters of each category specifically includes:

[0062] Based on the importance parameters of each category of components, the importance of each category of components is ranked; the category of components ranked after the set position in the importance ranking is selected as the third category of components to be adjusted; the category of components in the third category of components to be adjusted whose construction cost parameters are higher than the preset value is selected as the second category of components to be adjusted.

[0063] In one example, to optimize cost control, it's necessary to identify which component categories are most suitable for adjustment. The system first sorts the categories from highest to lowest importance based on their component importance parameters, then selects the categories with lower importance rankings as the third category to be adjusted. Next, it compares the construction cost parameters of these categories, selecting those with cost parameters higher than preset values ​​as the second category of components to be adjusted. The analysis identifies and adjusts categories with lower importance and higher costs because these components have room for optimization while having a smaller impact on the overall project; adjusting these categories can effectively reduce costs with minimal impact on the overall project. This targeted identification of the second category to be adjusted makes cost control more efficient and reasonable.

[0064] Suppose a building project has the following main components: steel structure components (importance parameter 0.9, cost parameter 3 million); concrete components (importance parameter 0.8, cost parameter 2.5 million); electrical wiring (importance parameter 0.6, cost parameter 1.5 million); and doors and windows (importance parameter 0.5, cost parameter 1 million). The system sorts these categories from highest to lowest importance: steel structure > concrete > electrical wiring > doors and windows; then, the system selects the electrical wiring and doors and windows, which have the lowest importance ranking, as the third category to be adjusted.

[0065] Finally, comparing the cost parameters of the two categories, the cost parameter of electrical wiring is higher than that of doors and windows, and also higher than the preset cost ceiling of 1.2 million. Therefore, the system determines that electrical wiring is the second category of components to be adjusted. By considering the importance of components and cost parameters in this way, component categories with cost optimization potential and less impact on the overall cost can be identified in a targeted manner, thereby improving the effectiveness of cost control.

[0066] S106, combine the budget to be adjusted, the first category of components to be adjusted, and the second category of components to be adjusted to adjust the BIM model and generate the target BIM model.

[0067] In one example, after determining the budget and component categories to be adjusted, the BIM model is automatically adjusted and optimized using a cost control system to control project costs. By automatically adjusting the BIM model, the design scheme can be changed, effectively reducing construction costs and keeping them within a predetermined range.

[0068] Specifically, the system first reads the BIM model data, and simultaneously inputs data such as the first category to be adjusted, the second category to be adjusted, and the budget to be adjusted. Then, the system automatically calls the built-in BIM optimization module to modify the components of the categories to be adjusted according to preset rules and model constraints.

[0069] For example, reducing the number of doors and windows in non-critical areas, using more cost-effective materials, adjusting the reuse rate of the finishing structure, and replacing the concrete strength grade. The system will iterate through different combinations of solutions, recalculate and judge whether the adjusted budget meets the requirements. Once the optimization goal is achieved, the system saves the adjusted and optimized BIM model file and generates a new plan where the construction budget meets the control objectives.

[0070] Assuming the original BIM model has a total budget of 10 million yuan and a preset budget of 8 million yuan, the budget to be adjusted is 10 million - 8 million = 2 million yuan. The first category to be adjusted is doors and windows, with a total cost of 500,000 yuan. The second category is decoration materials, with a cost of 800,000 yuan. Therefore, the cost control system needs to adjust and optimize these two categories to reduce costs by a total of 2 million yuan.

[0071] The system may perform the following operations: replace high-end imported doors and windows with domestically produced mid-range doors and windows, reducing costs by 200,000 yuan in this category; reduce the number of doors and windows in non-critical areas, reducing costs by 100,000 yuan; lower the specifications of decoration materials for public spaces, reducing costs by 600,000 yuan in this category; increase reuse rates and reduce purchase quantities, reducing costs by 300,000 yuan. After these adjustments, the costs in these two categories are reduced by 1.2 million yuan. Combined with other minor adjustments, the total budget will ultimately be kept within the target of 8 million yuan. Upon completion, the system generates an optimized BIM model file. Relevant personnel review and approve the use of this model version for subsequent work.

[0072] By combining the budget to be adjusted, the components of the first category to be adjusted, and the components of the second category to be adjusted, the BIM model is adjusted to generate the target BIM model, including:

[0073] Adjust the first and second categories of components to be adjusted until they meet the requirements of the adjustment budget. The adjustment methods include reducing the number of components in the first and second categories of components, replacing component specifications, types, or costs, or one or more of these. Based on the adjustment results, adjust the BIM model to generate the target BIM model.

[0074] In one example, to keep project costs within budget, the system needs to make necessary adjustments to the first and second categories of components with lower importance but greater cost optimization potential. Specifically, this involves reducing the number of components or replacing their specifications, types, or cost parameters. After multiple iterative adjustments, the adjustment process ends when the cost parameters decrease and meet budget requirements. The goal is to achieve the overall cost objective by reasonably reducing components that have little impact on the overall project but are individually costly. After the adjustments are complete, the system automatically updates the BIM model data, generating a target BIM model containing information on the adjusted components. This targeted component adjustment and BIM model update iterative process efficiently achieves project cost control requirements while maintaining the model's integrity to the greatest extent possible.

[0075] Based on the above method, this application also discloses a BIM-based cost control device for building projects, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a BIM-based building project cost control device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0076] A BIM-based construction project cost control device includes: a first acquisition module, a comparison module, a second calculation module, a generation module, a selection module, and an output module; wherein, the first acquisition module is used to acquire the BIM model of the building to be constructed and generate a construction budget for the building based on the BIM model; the comparison module is used to compare the construction budget with a preset budget, and if the construction budget is greater than the preset budget, calculate the difference between the construction budget and the preset budget, and use the difference as the budget to be adjusted; the second calculation module is used to acquire the component information of all components that construct the BIM model, and, based on the component information of each component, select each component according to a preset standard. The components are grouped to generate multiple categories of components; the generation module is used to determine the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget based on the basic information of each category of components, and to sort the components according to the size of their contribution to the construction budget, generating a contribution ranking; the selection module is used to select the category of components that are in the last N items of the contribution ranking, to generate the first category of components to be adjusted, and to generate the second category of components to be adjusted according to the component parameters of each category of components; the output module is used to combine the budget to be adjusted, the first category of components to be adjusted, and the second category of components to be adjusted to adjust the BIM model and generate the target BIM model.

[0077] It should be noted that the above embodiments of the apparatus are only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the apparatus and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] See Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 1000 may include: at least one processor 1001, at least one network interface 1004, a user interface 1003, a memory 1005, and at least one communication bus 1002.

[0079] The communication bus 1002 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components.

[0080] The user interface 1003 may include a display screen and a camera. Optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0081] The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface).

[0082] The processor 1001 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 1001 connects to various parts of the server using various interfaces and lines, and performs various server functions and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 1005, and by calling data stored in the memory 1005. Optionally, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one hardware form of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 1001 may integrate one or a combination of several of the following: Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem. The CPU primarily handles the operating system, user interface, and applications; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen; and the modem handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem may also not be integrated into the processor 1001 and may be implemented as a separate chip.

[0083] The memory 1005 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory. Optionally, the memory 1005 may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 1005 can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 1005 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch function, sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-described method embodiments, etc. Optionally, the memory 1005 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 1001. Figure 3 As shown, the memory 1005, which serves as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program for a BIM-based construction project cost control method.

[0084] exist Figure 3In the electronic device 1000 shown, the user interface 1003 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and to obtain the user input data; while the processor 1001 can be used to call an application program stored in the memory 1005 that is a BIM-based construction project cost control method. When executed by one or more processors, the electronic device performs one or more of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0085] An electronic device readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform one or more of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0086] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0087] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0088] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some service interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0089] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0090] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0091] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage device (CMD). Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned memory includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0092] The foregoing description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Other embodiments of this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of this disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A BIM-based method for cost control in building projects, characterized in that, The method comprises: Obtain the BIM model of the building to be constructed, and generate a construction budget for the building based on the BIM model; Compare the construction budget with the preset budget. If the construction budget is greater than the preset budget, calculate the difference between the construction budget and the preset budget, and use the difference as the budget to be adjusted. Obtain the component information of all components used to construct the BIM model; based on the component information of each component, group the components according to a preset standard to generate multiple categories of components; Based on the basic information of each category of components, the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget is determined. Based on the magnitude of the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget, the components are sorted to generate a contribution ranking. The basic information includes quantity and unit price. Determining the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget based on the basic information includes: extracting the quantity and unit price of each category of components from the BIM model; determining the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget based on the quantity and unit price; and determining the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget based on the quantity and unit price includes: calculating the cost of each category of components based on the quantity and unit price; and determining the cost based on the cost of each category of components. The document defines a first contribution factor for each component category, where the first contribution factor refers to the cost contribution directly brought by each component category. It then determines an assembly difficulty coefficient for each component category based on its technological complexity, and a second contribution factor for each component category based on its assembly difficulty coefficient. The document further defines a first weighting coefficient corresponding to the first contribution factor and a second weighting coefficient corresponding to the second contribution factor. Finally, it defines a first weighted contribution factor by arithmetically multiplying the first contribution factor of each component category by its first weighting coefficient, and a second weighted contribution factor by arithmetically multiplying the second contribution factor of each component category by its second weighting coefficient. Finally, it combines the first and second weighted contribution factors to determine the contribution of each component category to the construction budget. Select the category components that are in the last N items of the contribution ranking to generate a first category component to be adjusted, and generate a second category component to be adjusted according to the component parameters of each category component; the component parameters include importance parameters and construction cost parameters, and generating the second category component to be adjusted according to the component parameters of each category component includes: generating the second category component to be adjusted according to the importance parameters and construction cost parameters of each category component; The BIM model is adjusted based on the budget to be adjusted, the first category of components to be adjusted, and the second category of components to be adjusted to generate a target BIM model. This includes: adjusting the first category of components to be adjusted and the second category of components to be adjusted until they meet the requirements of the budget to be adjusted; the adjustment methods include reducing the number of components in the first category of components to be adjusted and the second category of components to be adjusted, replacing component specifications, types, or costs, or one or more of these methods; and adjusting the BIM model based on the adjustment results to generate the target BIM model.

2. The BIM-based construction project cost control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating a construction budget for the building to be constructed based on the BIM model includes: obtaining the names, specifications, and quantity parameters of all components that make up the BIM model; predicting the construction cost based on the names, specifications, and quantity parameters of all components in the BIM model; selecting the unit price parameters of components that match the names and specifications of each component from a preset component library to generate cost parameters for each component; calculating the cost of each component based on the quantity parameters and cost parameters; and summing the costs of each component and the construction cost to generate a construction budget for the building to be constructed.

3. The BIM-based construction project cost control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating a second category component to be adjusted based on the importance parameters and construction cost parameters of each category component includes: sorting the category components by importance based on the importance parameters of each category component; selecting the category component ranked after a set position in the importance ranking as a third category component to be adjusted; and selecting the category component in the third category component to be adjusted whose construction cost parameter is higher than a preset value as a second category component to be adjusted.

4. A BIM-based construction project cost control device, characterized in that, The device includes: a first acquisition module, a comparison module, a second calculation module, a generation module, a selection module, and an output module; wherein, the first acquisition module is used to acquire the BIM model of the building to be constructed, and generate a construction budget for the building to be constructed based on the BIM model; the comparison module is used to compare the construction budget with a preset budget, and if the construction budget is greater than the preset budget, calculate the difference between the construction budget and the preset budget, and use the difference as the budget to be adjusted; the second calculation module is used to acquire the component information of all components that construct the BIM model, and group the components according to a preset standard based on the component information of each component, and generate... The system comprises multiple categories of components. The generation module is used to determine the contribution of each category of component to the construction budget based on its basic information, and to sort the components according to their contribution to the construction budget, generating a contribution ranking. The basic information includes quantity and unit price. Determining the contribution of each category of component to the construction budget based on its basic information includes: extracting the quantity and unit price of each category of component from the BIM model; determining the contribution of each category of component to the construction budget based on its quantity and unit price; and further determining the contribution of each category of component to the construction budget based on its basic information. Determining the contribution of each category of components to the construction budget based on the quantity and unit price of each category of components includes: calculating the cost of each category of components based on the quantity and unit price of each category of components; determining a first contribution factor for each category of components based on the cost of each category of components, where the first contribution factor refers to the cost contribution directly brought by each component category; determining an assembly difficulty coefficient for each category of components based on the process complexity of each category of components; determining a second contribution factor for each category of components based on the assembly difficulty coefficient of each category of components, where the second contribution factor is used to represent the assembly difficulty of the components; and obtaining the first contribution factor corresponding to the first contribution factor. A weighting coefficient and a second weighting coefficient corresponding to the second contribution factor; the first contribution factor of each category component is arithmetically multiplied by the first weighting coefficient to obtain a first weighted contribution factor, and the second contribution factor of each category component is arithmetically multiplied by the second weighting coefficient to obtain a second weighted contribution factor; the contribution of each category component to the construction budget is determined by combining the first weighted contribution factor and the second weighted contribution factor; the selection module is used to select the category components located in the last N items of the contribution ranking, generate a first category component to be adjusted, and generate a second category component to be adjusted according to the component parameters of each category component;The component parameters include importance parameters and construction cost parameters. Generating a second category of components to be adjusted based on the component parameters of each category includes: generating a second category of components to be adjusted based on the importance parameters and construction cost parameters of each category of components. The output module is used to adjust the BIM model by combining the budget to be adjusted, the first category of components to be adjusted, and the second category of components to be adjusted, to generate a target BIM model. This includes: adjusting the first and second categories of components to be adjusted until they meet the requirements of the budget to be adjusted. The adjustment methods include reducing the number of components in the first and second categories of components to be adjusted, replacing component specifications, types, or costs, or one or more of these. Based on the adjustment results, the BIM model is adjusted to generate the target BIM model.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface. The memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program is stored that can be loaded by a processor and executed as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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