Multifunctional saturated color polyester yarn, its processing method, device and use

Abstract

The application provides a multifunctional saturated color polyester colored yarn, a processing method, a device and an application thereof, which comprises the following steps: adding polyester color master batch and functional particles, performing physical mixing and melt mixing, performing high polymer melt extrusion through a crystallization mechanism and a screw extrusion mechanism, spinning and cooling and solidifying, and belongs to the technical field of textile materials and technology. The application controls the crystallization of the fiber skin core layer through the difference between temperature and pressure, so that the temperature of the fiber core layer is higher than that of the skin layer, and the pressure of the core layer is smaller than that of the skin layer, thereby forming the color difference between the inner and outer layers, improving the color matching degree of the colored fiber core layer and the skin layer, and making the colored yarn have the characteristics of internal full luster and external soft luster, and the visual effect is comfortable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a multifunctional saturated color polyester yarn, its processing method, device and use, belonging to the field of textile materials and technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] The molecular chain of polyester fiber is a repeating unit and has no side chain, and the structure is relatively regular. At the same time, there is no coloring group on the molecular chain, so it cannot be dyed at normal temperature and pressure, the dyeing rate is low and it is easy to hydrolyze. The original liquid coloring method is a method widely used in polyester dyeing at present. It not only solves the problems of high energy consumption, high water consumption and high COD discharge faced by the traditional printing and dyeing industry, but also has the characteristics of uniform coloring, good color fastness, short preparation period, low cost and relatively simple process, which meets the requirements of circular economy development, and the added value of the product is high.

[0003] The color master batch method belongs to the original liquid coloring method, and the color master batch is a new product for coloring plastic and fiber developed in the 1960s. It is a polymer prepared by uniformly loading a super amount of pigment in resin. Compared with other dyeing methods, the color master batch coloring method has the advantages of convenient transportation, energy saving, no dust and no pollution.

[0004] At present, there is a high demand for functional and differentiated colored polyester fibers on the market, and the color requirements for colored yarns are also increasing. People not only pursue comfort, but also have higher requirements for visual effects. The color saturation of the existing polyester fibers is poor, and the functions are single, especially the color of the polyester fibers, which is either dazzling aurora or dim weak light. The main reason is that the radial structure of the polyester fiber is uniform, and the crystallinity and orientation degree inside and outside are consistent.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a processing method, device and use of colored polyester yarn that can make the spun polyester yarn have bright and soft color and specific function. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem of poor color saturation and single function of the existing technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of solving the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is to provide a multifunctional saturated color polyester yarn, its processing method, device and use.

[0008] The first aspect of the present application provides a device for processing multifunctional saturated color polyester yarn, comprising polyester color masterbatch feeding mechanism and functional particle feeding mechanism, the polyester color masterbatch feeding mechanism and the functional particle feeding mechanism are connected with the feeding port of the mixing mechanism, the feeding port of the mixing mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the first crystallization mechanism and the feeding port of the second crystallization mechanism through two conveying pipelines respectively, the feeding port of the first crystallization mechanism is further connected with the nucleating agent feeding mechanism; the feeding port of the first crystallization mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the first screw extrusion mechanism for forming the fiber skin layer, the feeding port of the second crystallization mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the second screw extrusion mechanism for forming the fiber core layer, the feeding port of the first screw extrusion mechanism and the feeding port of the second screw extrusion mechanism are connected with the feeding port of the spinning mechanism, and the feeding port of the spinning mechanism is connected with the yarn drawing and winding mechanism, and the periphery of the spinning mechanism is provided with the cooling mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the polyester color masterbatch feeding mechanism is three groups of mechanisms arranged in parallel.

[0010] Preferably, the mixing mechanism is provided with double-layer spiral blade stirring devices and a heating device inside, the inner spiral transports the material to the outside, the outer spiral gathers the material to the inside, and the heating device increases the temperature of the material, so that physical blending and melt blending of the material can be realized, and homogeneous and almost non-crystalline mixed material can be obtained.

[0011] Preferably, the nucleating agent feeding mechanism is provided with a metering pump for realizing trace controllable input of the nucleating agent.

[0012] Preferably, the second crystallization mechanism is provided with a temperature control system and a vibration system for realizing large crystalline particles and high crystallinity of the core layer fiber, the temperature setting range of the core layer fiber is higher than that of the skin layer fiber, so that the crystallization rate of the core layer fiber is faster than that of the skin layer fiber, and the vibration system accelerates the formation of crystal nucleus, and cooperates with the temperature control system to realize the requirement of the core layer fiber on crystallization.

[0013] Preferably, the first screw extrusion mechanism and the second screw extrusion mechanism transport the material by the respective melt conveying pipelines, and are provided with pressure control systems and temperature control systems inside, so that the pressure of the second screw extrusion mechanism is lower than that of the first screw extrusion mechanism, the temperature of the second screw extrusion mechanism is higher than that of the first screw extrusion mechanism during the heating process, and a partitioned multi-section heating mode is adopted.

[0014] With the technical means, the increase of melt pressure can accelerate the crystallization process, the stress makes the chain segment orient along the force direction to form ordered region, which is easy to induce crystal embryo, and the pressure size can affect the crystallization size and shape, so that the fiber core layer forms large and complete crystallization under low pressure, the skin layer generates small and irregular crystallization under high pressure; meanwhile, the temperature of the second screw extrusion mechanism is higher than that of the first screw extrusion mechanism, and both adopt the way of multi-section heating, so that the viscosity and uniformity of the polymer melt stream are well controlled, and the suitable shear stress is obtained.

[0015] Preferably, the spinning mechanism comprises a metering pump, a spinneret assembly, and a spinning box component, wherein the spinneret plate adopts a skin-core structure spinneret plate for forming the skin-core structure of colored fibers.

[0016] Preferably, the cooling mechanism adopts cold air cooling to solidify into yarn, realizes rapid cooling and setting of the skin layer of polyester yarn to form small crystalline particles, but the core layer is slowly cooled to form high crystallinity and large crystalline particles.

[0017] Preferably, the yarn drawing and winding mechanism is composed of a godet and a yarn winding drum, and is used for uniformly and neatly collecting the functional colored yarn on the godet.

[0018] The second aspect of the application provides a method for producing multifunctional saturated luster colored polyester yarn by the device, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Different colored polyester color master batches are separately supplied by hoppers of respective polyester color master batch supply mechanisms, and the mass ratio of single-color master batches in each hopper is adjusted by controlling the metering pump according to the color design and production needs, and the functional particles are fed into the mixing mechanism together;

[0020] Step 2: The mixing mechanism realizes physical mixing and melting mixing of the multiple single-color master batches and functional particles through the built-in double-layer spiral blade stirring device and heating device;

[0021] Step 3: The material after mixing is respectively delivered to the first crystallization mechanism and the second crystallization mechanism by two pipelines, after the nucleating agent feeding mechanism adds nucleating agent into the first crystallization mechanism, the first crystallization mechanism sends the material to the first screw extrusion mechanism, and the second crystallization mechanism delivers the material to the second screw extrusion mechanism, and the polymer melting and extrusion process is carried out;

[0022] Step 4: The polymer melt stream from the screw extrusion mechanism enters the spinning mechanism through two channels under the action of suitable temperature and pressure, is sprayed through the spinning mechanism, and is cooled and solidified by cold air in the duct to preliminarily form the functional colored yarn;

[0023] Step 5, the function of the colored fiber after cooling and shaping is stretched and wound by a sliver drawing and winding mechanism, is uniformly drawn under the pre-drawing effect of a godet, is further improved in crystallization and orientation, is finally wound and collected on a guide roller to form multifunctional saturated luster colored terylene yarn.

[0024] Preferably, in the step 1, the terylene color masterbatch thermoplastic polymer has one or more of red, yellow and blue colors, has uniform and consistent color, has no dust, and has a melting point of 220-260 DEG C; the functional particles are one or more of conductive masterbatch, far-infrared masterbatch, antibacterial masterbatch, flame-retardant masterbatch, ultraviolet-resistant masterbatch and electroluminescent fluorescent powder.

[0025] Preferably, in the step 3, the pressure of the first screw extrusion mechanism is 50-55 MPa, and the pressure of the second screw extrusion mechanism is 55-60 MPa, both of which adopt a multi-zone heating mode, and the heating temperature is 270-295 DEG C.

[0026] In a third aspect, the application provides application of the multifunctional saturated luster colored terylene yarn prepared by the above method to production of colored fabric, industrial products, functional textiles and special textiles.

[0027] Preferably, the step 1 is performed by using a spinning nozzle with a core-sheath structure.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The application controls the shape of the spinning nozzle to obtain a fiber with a core-sheath structure, and uses two crystallization mechanisms and two screw extrusion mechanisms to control the crystallinity and the size of the crystalline particles in the core-sheath regions of the fiber.

[0030] 2. The second crystallization mechanism is provided with a temperature control system and a vibration system, and the screw extrusion mechanism is provided with a pressure and temperature control system and a temperature control system.

[0031] 3. The application mixes the particles with special functions and the terylene color masterbatch by using a functional particle feeding mechanism and a mixing mechanism, realizes uniform mixing in the raw material stage, and performs subsequent spinning process together, gives the colored terylene fiber specific functions, enriches the application, and makes the colored terylene fiber not only applicable to ordinary clothing fabric, but also applicable to preparation of textiles with special functions.

[0032] 4. This invention utilizes a solution dyeing method to obtain brightly colored, multifunctional colored fibers. The solution dyeing industrial chain reduces the overall resource and energy consumption of the textile industry, demonstrating significant environmental friendliness. Simultaneously, the fibers obtained through this method exhibit excellent colorfastness, not only improving product quality and functionality but also aligning with the current sustainable development trend in the textile industry, which pursues high quality, multifunctionality, low energy consumption, and low emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional saturated colored polyester yarn processing device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the colored polyester yarn of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Polyester masterbatch feeding mechanism, 2-Functional particle feeding mechanism, 3-Mixing mechanism, 4-Nucleating agent feeding mechanism, 5-First crystallization mechanism, 6-Second crystallization mechanism, 7-First screw extrusion mechanism, 8-Second screw extrusion mechanism, 9-Spinning mechanism, 10-Cooling mechanism, 11-Filament drawing and winding mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a processing device for colored polyester yarn with multifunctional saturated colors based on melt spinning of polyester masterbatch. The device consists of three sets of parallel polyester masterbatch feeding mechanisms 1 and one set of functional particle feeding mechanisms 2 arranged from top to bottom. The lower ends of the polyester masterbatch feeding mechanism 1 and the functional particle feeding mechanism 2 are connected to one end of the mixing mechanism 3. The other end of the mixing mechanism 3 is connected to two different conveying pipes. The left pipe is connected to the first crystallization mechanism 5, and the right pipe is connected to the second crystallization mechanism 6. The first crystallization mechanism 5 and the nucleating agent feeding mechanism 4 are connected to the first screw extrusion mechanism 7. The lower end of the second crystallization mechanism 6 is connected to the second screw extrusion mechanism 8. The lower end of the screw extrusion mechanism is connected to one end of the spinneret mechanism 9. The other end of the spinneret mechanism 9 is connected to the yarn drawing and winding mechanism 11. A yarn cooling mechanism 10 is provided around the spinneret mechanism 9.

[0038] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this application also provides a method for processing colored silk using the above-described equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0039] (1) According to the color design needs and special function requirements, the red, yellow and blue polyester color masterbatch is calculated and matched with the corresponding functional particles, and is fed into the mixing mechanism to perform physical mixing and melting mixing of the materials, wherein the heating temperature of the color masterbatch feeding mechanism is 230-255℃, and the extrusion speed is 15-30g / min; the functional particles are at least one of nano-level conductive carbon black masterbatch, far infrared masterbatch, antibacterial masterbatch, flame-retardant masterbatch, anti-ultraviolet masterbatch and electroluminescent fluorescent powder;

[0040] (2) The mixing mechanism realizes physical mixing and melting mixing of various single-color masterbatch and functional particles through a double-layer spiral blade stirring device and a heating device, the heating device of the mixing mechanism is set to a temperature range of 245-255℃, so that the color masterbatch is in a disordered arrangement state, and at this time, almost no crystallization is formed;

[0041] (3) The material after mixing is respectively conveyed to the first crystallization mechanism and the second crystallization mechanism by two pipelines, the second crystallization mechanism is provided with a temperature control system and a vibration system, the crystallization of the fiber core layer is controlled by the difference between the temperature and the pressure, so that the temperature of the fiber core layer is higher than that of the skin layer, and the pressure of the fiber core layer is less than that of the skin layer, then the material is conveyed to the second screw extrusion mechanism, after the nucleating agent feeding mechanism adds the nucleating agent to the first crystallization mechanism to induce the skin layer to form small crystals, the first crystallization mechanism sends the material to the first screw extrusion mechanism for high polymer melting extrusion process;

[0042] (4) The screw extrusion mechanism is divided into a first screw extrusion mechanism and a second screw extrusion mechanism, which are respectively used for forming fiber skin layer and core layer melt streams, the pressure of the first screw extrusion mechanism is 50-55MPa, which is lower than 55-60MPa of the second screw extrusion mechanism, both of which adopt a multi-zone heating mode, and the heating temperature is 270-295℃; the high polymer melt streams from the screw extrusion mechanism enter the spinning mechanism through two channels, and are spun out under the action of appropriate temperature and pressure, and are cooled and solidified by cold air in the duct, and the cold air temperature is 10-15℃, and the functional colored fibers are preliminarily formed;

[0043] (5) The colored fibers after cooling and forming are uniformly stretched and thinned under the pre-stretching action of the guide roller by the sliver drafting and winding mechanism, and the crystallization and orientation are further improved, and finally are wound and collected on the guide roller, wherein the winding speed of the winding mechanism is 3500-4500m / min, and the drafting multiple is between 3-4 times.

[0044] Specifically relates to the following six examples: Example 1 with saturated red conductive polyester yarn preparation; Example 2 with bright orange antibacterial polyester yarn preparation; Example 3 with clear yellow flame-retardant polyester yarn preparation; Example 4 with soft green heating polyester yarn preparation; Example 5 with saturated blue light-emitting polyester yarn preparation; Example 6 with bright purple ultraviolet-resistant polyester yarn preparation.

[0045] Table 1 Process parameters of six examples

[0046]

[0047] As shown in Table 1 above, the corresponding parameters of the components involved in the six examples are set, including (1) various production process conditions of the color masterbatch feeding mechanism (ratio, color, heating temperature, extrusion speed); (2) the name and feeding content of functional particles; (3) the heating temperature of the crystallization mechanism; (4) the related process parameters of the screw extrusion mechanism (heating temperature and pressure); (5) the related process parameters of the spinning mechanism (spinning speed, cold air temperature); (6) the draw ratio and winding speed of the yarn drawing and winding mechanism.

[0048] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, not any form and substantial limitation of the present application, it should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the present application, also can make a number of improvements and supplements, these improvements and supplements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, can make some changes, modifications and equivalent changes of the above disclosed technical content, which are equivalent embodiments of the present application; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above examples according to the essential technology of the present application, still belong to the scope of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for processing multifunctional saturated shade colored polyester yarns, characterized in that, The application relates to a polyester color masterbatch feeding mechanism and a functional particle feeding mechanism, a mixing mechanism, a first crystallization mechanism and a second crystallization mechanism.

2. The apparatus for processing multi-functional saturated shade colored polyester yarn as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The polyester color masterbatch feeding mechanism is parallel arranged in three groups.

3. The apparatus for processing multi-functional saturated shade colored polyester yarn as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The mixing mechanism is internally provided with a double-layer spiral blade stirring device and a heating device.

4. The apparatus for processing multi-functional saturated shade colored polyester yarn as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The nucleating agent feeding mechanism is provided with a metering pump for realizing trace controllable input of the nucleating agent.

5. The apparatus for processing multi-functional saturated shade colored polyester yarn as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The first screw extrusion mechanism and the second screw extrusion mechanism are transported with respective melt conveying pipelines, and are internally provided with pressure control systems and temperature control systems, so that the pressure of the second screw extrusion mechanism is lower than that of the first screw extrusion mechanism, the temperature of the second screw extrusion mechanism is higher than that of the first screw extrusion mechanism during heating, and a sectional multi-section heating mode is adopted.

6. A process for producing multifunctional saturated lustrous colored polyester yarns by the apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The application comprises the following steps: Step 1: different color polyester color masterbatch is separately fed by a hopper of a respective polyester color masterbatch feeding mechanism, and the mass ratio of single-color masterbatch in each hopper is adjusted by controlling a metering pump according to the color design and production needs, and the single-color masterbatch and functional particles enter a mixing mechanism together; Step 2: the mixing mechanism realizes physical mixing and melting mixing of the multiple single-color masterbatch and functional particles through the built-in double-layer spiral blade stirring device and heating device; Step 3: the mixed material is respectively transported to the first crystallization mechanism and the second crystallization mechanism by two pipelines, the nucleating agent is added into the first crystallization mechanism by a nucleating agent feeding mechanism, the material is sent to the first screw extrusion mechanism by the first crystallization mechanism, the material is transported to the second screw extrusion mechanism by the second crystallization mechanism, and a high polymer melting extrusion process is carried out; Step 4: the high polymer melt stream from the screw extrusion mechanism enters a spinning mechanism through two channels under the action of suitable temperature and pressure, is sprayed out through the spinning mechanism, is cooled and solidified by cold air in a channel, and functional colored filaments are preliminarily formed; Step 5: the functional colored filaments after cooling and forming are uniformly drawn and thinned under the pre-stretching action of a guide roller by a filament drawing and winding mechanism, the crystallization and orientation are further improved, and finally the functional colored filaments are wound and collected on the guide roller to form multifunctional saturated luster polyester colored filaments.

7. A process for producing multifunctional saturated lustrous coloured polyester yarn as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The polyester color master batch thermoplastic polymer in the step 1 is one or more of red, yellow and blue, and has uniform color, no dust and a melting point of 220-260 DEG C; the functional particles are one or more of conductive master batch, far-infrared master batch, antibacterial master batch, flame-retardant master batch, anti-ultraviolet master batch and electroluminescent fluorescent powder.

8. A process for producing multifunctional saturated lustrous colored polyester yarn as claimed in claim 6 wherein, In the step 3, the pressure of the first screw extrusion mechanism is 50-55 MPa, and the pressure of the second screw extrusion mechanism is 55-60 MPa, both of which are heated in a multi-section manner, and the heating temperature is 270-295 DEG C.

9. The application of the multifunctional saturated luster colored polyester yarn prepared by the method in any one of claims 6-8 in the production of colored fabric, industrial products, functional textiles and special textiles.

Images