Air conditioning device, refrigeration device, and transport container

Abstract

An air conditioning device (100) includes a dehumidifying section (130) and a composition adjusting section (120). The dehumidifying section (130) has a first separation membrane through which water vapor penetrates, and dehumidifies air to be treated. The composition adjusting section (120) has a second separation membrane, and separates the air to be treated, which has been dehumidified by the dehumidifying section (130), into first air and second air having mutually different compositions. The air conditioning device (100) supplies the first air or the second air, which flows from the composition adjusting section (120), to a storage warehouse (2).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an air conditioning device, a refrigeration device, and a transport container. BACKGROUND

[0002] Patent Literature 1 discloses an in-box environment control system that adjusts the oxygen concentration of air in a box. The system separates atmospheric air into nitrogen-rich gas and oxygen-rich gas using a separation membrane, and supplies the nitrogen-rich gas to the box, thereby making the oxygen concentration in the box lower than that of the atmosphere.

[0003] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS

[0004] PATENT LITERATURE

[0005] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-000168 SUMMARY

[0006] PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0007] The separation membrane that separates atmospheric air into nitrogen-rich gas and oxygen-rich gas has the following property: "If it is brought into contact with air containing water vapor, the water contained in the air will intrude into the inside of the separation membrane, thereby reducing the gas separation ability". However, in the system of Citation 1, the property of the separation membrane is not taken into consideration, so the performance of the separation membrane can be reduced when the system is operated.

[0008] An object of the present disclosure is to suppress reduction in the performance of a separation membrane in an air conditioning device.

[0009] SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEMS

[0010] A first aspect of the present disclosure is an air conditioning device 100 that adjusts the composition of air in a box that houses a warehouse 2, the air conditioning device 100 including a dehumidification section 130 having a first separation membrane 134 that transmits water vapor and dehumidifies processed air, and a composition adjustment section 120 having a second separation membrane 124 that separates the processed air dehumidified by the dehumidification section 130 into first air and second air that differ in composition from each other, the air conditioning device 100 supplying the first air or the second air that flows out of the composition adjustment section 120 to the box that houses the warehouse 2.

[0011] In the first aspect, the processed air is dehumidified in the dehumidification section 130, and the processed air of low humidity that has flowed out of the dehumidification section 130 flows into the composition adjustment section 120. Therefore, the humidity of the processed air that comes into contact with the second separation membrane 124 is kept low, and reduction in the performance of the second separation membrane 124 due to water vapor can be suppressed.

[0012] The disclosure of the second aspect is based on the disclosure of the first aspect, and the air conditioning device 100 includes an air pump 110 that supplies the processed air to the dehumidifying section 130, and a first throttling mechanism 171 provided in a passage of the processed air flowing from the dehumidifying section 130 to the composition adjusting section 120.

[0013] In the second aspect, the processed air that has been ejected from the air pump 110 passes through the dehumidifying section 130 and then passes through the first throttling mechanism 171. The first throttling mechanism 171 functions as a throttling mechanism. Therefore, the pressure of the processed air is maintained in the dehumidifying section 130 located upstream of the first throttling mechanism 171.

[0014] The disclosure of the third aspect is based on the disclosure of the second aspect, and the composition adjusting section 120 uses air that has not passed through the second separation membrane 124 as the first air, and uses air that has passed through the second separation membrane 124 as the second air, and the air conditioning device 100 includes a second throttling mechanism 172 provided in a passage of the first air that has flowed out of the composition adjusting section 120.

[0015] In the third aspect, the processed air that has been ejected from the air pump 110 flows into the composition adjusting section 120 in sequence through the dehumidifying section 130 and the first throttling mechanism 171, and is separated into the first air and the second air. The first air that has flowed out of the composition adjusting section 120 passes through the second throttling mechanism 172. The second throttling mechanism 172 functions as a throttling mechanism. The first air is air that has not passed through the second separation membrane 124. Therefore, the pressure of the processed air is maintained in the composition adjusting section 120 located upstream of the second throttling mechanism 172.

[0016] The disclosure of the fourth aspect is based on the disclosure of any one of the first to third aspects described above, and the dehumidifying section 130 gives water vapor that has passed through the first separation membrane 134 to the first air or the second air that has flowed out of the composition adjusting section 120 and flows to the inside of the storage compartment 2.

[0017] In the fourth aspect, the water vapor removed from the processed air in the dehumidifying section 130 is supplied to the storage compartment 2 together with the first air or the second air. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the humidity of the air in the storage compartment 2.

[0018] The disclosure of the fifth aspect is based on the disclosure of any one of the first to fourth aspects described above, and the air conditioning device 100 includes a humidifying section 200 that gives water vapor to the first air or the second air that has flowed out of the composition adjusting section 120 and flows to the inside of the storage compartment 2.

[0019] In the fifth aspect, the humidifying section 200 imparts water vapor to the first air or the second air flowing to the inside of the storage compartment 2. The humidified first air or the second air flows into the inside of the storage compartment 2.

[0020] The disclosure of the sixth aspect is based on the disclosure of any one of the above first to fifth aspects, and the air conditioning device 100 includes a gas-liquid separator 113 that separates water in a liquid state from the treated air sent to the dehumidifying section 130.

[0021] In the sixth aspect, water in a liquid state is separated from the treated air in the gas-liquid separator 113, and the treated air after passing through the gas-liquid separator 113 flows into the dehumidifying section 130.

[0022] The disclosure of the seventh aspect is a refrigeration device 10 that includes the air conditioning device 100 of any one of the first to sixth aspects; and a refrigerant circuit 30 that performs a refrigeration cycle to adjust the temperature of the inside of the storage compartment.

[0023] In the seventh aspect, the air conditioning device 100 and the refrigerant circuit 30 are provided in the refrigeration device 10. The refrigeration device 10 adjusts the composition and temperature of the in-compartment air.

[0024] The disclosure of the eighth aspect is a transport container 1 that includes the refrigeration device 10 of the seventh aspect; and a container body 2 that is installed with the refrigeration device 10 and constitutes the storage compartment.

[0025] In the eighth aspect, the refrigeration device 10 adjusts the composition and temperature of the in-compartment air of the container body 2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a transport container of the first embodiment as viewed from the front side;

[0027] Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the internal configuration of the transport container of the first embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 is a piping system diagram showing the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration device of the first embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 is a block diagram schematically showing the brief configuration of the transport container of the first embodiment;

[0030] Figure 5 is a piping system diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioning device of the first embodiment;

[0031] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a gas separation module provided on the air conditioning device of the first embodiment;

[0032] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a water separation module provided on the air conditioning device of the first embodiment;

[0033] Figure 8 is a view showing the first operation of the air conditioning device of the first embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 ;

[0034] Figure 9 is a view showing the second operation of the air conditioning device of the first embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 ;

[0035] Figure 10 is a view showing the third operation of the air conditioning device of the first embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 ;

[0036] Figure 11 is a view showing the fourth operation of the air conditioning device of the first embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 ;

[0037] Figure 12 is a view showing the fifth operation of the air conditioning device of the first embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 ;

[0038] Figure 13 is a view of the air conditioning device of the first embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 ;

[0039] Figure 14 is a view of the air conditioning device of the second embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 ;

[0040] Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of a humidifier of the second embodiment;

[0041] Figure 16 is a view of the air conditioning device of the second embodiment, which corresponds to Figure 5 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments shown below and various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present disclosure. Each drawing is used to conceptually explain the present disclosure, and thus the size, the proportion, or the number can be exaggerated or simplified for the sake of convenience in understanding.

[0043] (First Embodiment)

[0044] The first embodiment will be described.

[0045] (1) Outline of transport container

[0046] The present disclosure is a transport container 1. The transport container 1 is a reefer container that can manage the temperature inside the container. The transport container 1 is used for transporting fresh produce such as fruits, vegetables, and flowers. Fresh produce absorbs oxygen (O2) in the air and releases carbon dioxide (CO2).

[0047] As shown in Figure 1 , the transport container 1 includes a container main body 2 and a transport refrigeration device 10 provided on the container main body 2. The transport container 1 is used for sea transport. The transport container 1 is transported by a marine transport tool such as a ship. As shown in Figure 5 , the transport container 1 includes an air conditioning device 100. The air conditioning device 100 adjusts the composition of the air inside the container main body 2.

[0048] (2) Container main body

[0049] The container main body 2 is a storage tank that stores fresh produce.

[0050] The container main body 2 is formed in a hollow box shape. The container main body 2 is formed to be long in the lateral direction. At one end in the length direction of the container main body 2, an opening is formed. The opening of the container main body 2 is closed by the transport refrigeration device 10. In the container main body 2, a storage space 5 is formed, which is an inside space for storing a transport object.

[0051] (3) Transport refrigeration device

[0052] The transport refrigeration device 10 is installed at the opening of the container main body 2. The transport refrigeration device 10 includes a housing 11 and a refrigerant circuit 30. The transport refrigeration device 10 adjusts the temperature of the air (inside air) of the storage space 5.

[0053] (3-1) Housing

[0054] As shown in Figure 2 , the housing 11 includes a partition wall 12 and a partition plate 15.

[0055] On the inner side of the partition wall 12, an inside flow path 20 is formed. On the outer side of the partition wall 12, a part of the outside space 6, that is, an outside chamber 25 is formed. The inside flow path 20 and the outside chamber 25 are separated by the partition wall 12.

[0056] The partition wall 12 includes an outside box wall 13 and an inside box wall 14. The outside box wall 13 is located on the outside of the container body 2. The inside box wall 14 is located on the inside of the container body 2.

[0057] The outside box wall 13 encloses the opening of the container body 2. The outside box wall 13 is installed on the peripheral portion of the opening of the container body 2. The lower portion of the outside box wall 13 bulges toward the inside of the container body 2. An outside box chamber 25 is formed on the inside of the bulged outside box wall 13.

[0058] The inside box wall 14 is opposite to the outside box wall 13. The inside box wall 14 has a shape extending along the outside box wall 13. Between the inside box wall 14 and the outside box wall 13, a heat insulating material 16 is provided.

[0059] The partition plate 15 is arranged at a position closer to the inside of the container body 2 than the inside box wall 14. Between the partition wall 12 and the partition plate 15, an inside box flow path 20 is formed. Between the upper end of the partition plate 15 and the ceiling of the container body 2, a flow inlet 21 is formed. Between the lower end of the partition plate 15 and the lower end of the partition wall 12, a flow outlet 22 is formed. The inside box flow path 20 extends from the flow inlet 21 to the flow outlet 22.

[0060] (3-2) Element parts of refrigerant circuit

[0061] The refrigerant circuit 30 has a refrigerant filled therein. The refrigerant circuit 30 performs a vapor compression refrigeration cycle by circulating the refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit 30 includes a compressor 31, an outside box heat exchanger 32, an expansion valve 33, an inside box heat exchanger 51, and refrigerant pipes connecting these parts.

[0062] The compressor 31 is arranged in the lower portion of the outside box chamber 25. The outside box heat exchanger 32 is arranged in the upper portion of the outside box chamber 25. The outside box heat exchanger 32 is a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the outside air. The outside box heat exchanger 32 has a shape of a substantially rectangular cylinder. The inside box heat exchanger 51 is arranged in the inside box flow path 20. The inside box heat exchanger 51 is a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the inside air.

[0063] (3-3) Outside box fan and inside box fan

[0064] The transport refrigeration device 10 includes an outside box fan 34. The outside box fan 34 is a propeller fan. The outside box fan 34 is arranged in the outside box chamber 25. The outside box fan 34 is arranged on the inside of the outside box heat exchanger 32 formed in a cylindrical shape. The outside box fan 34 delivers the outside air to the outside box heat exchanger 32.

[0065] The transport refrigeration unit 10 includes two in-cabin fans 35. The in-cabin fans 35 are propeller fans. The in-cabin fans 35 are arranged in the in-cabin flow path 20. The in-cabin fans 35 are positioned above the in-cabin heat exchanger 51. The in-cabin fans 35 supply in-cabin air to the in-cabin heat exchanger 51.

[0066] (3-4) Heater

[0067] The refrigeration unit 10 for transport includes a heater 52. The heater 52 is arranged below the heat exchanger 51 inside the chamber. The heater 52 is used to melt the frost adhering to the heat exchanger 51 inside the chamber.

[0068] (3-5) Electronic Components Box

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the refrigeration unit 10 for conveying has an electronic component box 36. The electronic component box 36 is arranged in the upper part of the outer chamber 25. Inside the electronic component box 36, electronic components such as frequency converter boards and control boards are stored.

[0070] (3-6) Structure of the refrigerant circuit

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the refrigerant circuit 30 has a compressor 31, an external heat exchanger 32, an expansion valve 33, and an internal heat exchanger 51 as its main components. The expansion valve 33 is an electronic expansion valve with adjustable opening.

[0072] The refrigerant circuit 30 has an outlet pipe 41 and a suction pipe 42. One end of the outlet pipe 41 is connected to the outlet section of the compressor 31. The other end of the outlet pipe 41 is connected to the gas side of the external heat exchanger 32. One end of the suction pipe 42 is connected to the suction section of the compressor 31. The other end of the suction pipe 42 is connected to the gas side of the internal heat exchanger 51.

[0073] The refrigerant circuit 30 includes a liquid pipe 43, a liquid receiver 44, a cooling heat exchanger 45, a first switching valve 46, a connecting pipe 47, a second switching valve 48, an injection pipe 49, and an injection valve 50.

[0074] One end of the liquid pipe 43 is connected to the liquid side of the external heat exchanger 32. The other end of the liquid pipe 43 is connected to the liquid side of the internal heat exchanger 51. A liquid receiver 44 is located on the liquid pipe 43. The liquid receiver 44 is a container for storing refrigerant.

[0075] The cooling heat exchanger 45 has a first flow path 45a and a second flow path 45b. The cooling heat exchanger 45 allows heat exchange between the refrigerant in the first flow path 45a and the refrigerant in the second flow path 45b. The cooling heat exchanger 45 is, for example, a plate heat exchanger. The first flow path 45a is part of a liquid line 43. The second flow path 45b is part of an injection pipe 49. The cooling heat exchanger 45 cools the refrigerant flowing in the liquid line 43.

[0076] The first switching valve 46 is located on the liquid pipe 43 between the liquid reservoir 44 and the first flow path 45a. The first switching valve 46 is a solenoid valve that can be opened and closed.

[0077] Connecting pipe 47 connects the high-pressure line and the low-pressure line of refrigerant circuit 30. One end of connecting pipe 47 is connected to the discharge pipe 41. The other end of connecting pipe 47 is connected to the portion between the expansion valve 33 on liquid line 43 and the heat exchanger 51 inside the chamber.

[0078] The second switching valve 48 is located on the connecting pipe 47. The second switching valve 48 is a solenoid valve that can be opened and closed.

[0079] The injection pipe 49 introduces refrigerant into the intermediate pressure section of the compressor 31. One end of the injection pipe 49 is connected to the portion between the liquid receiver 44 on the liquid pipe 43 and the first flow path 45a. The other end of the injection pipe 49 is connected to the intermediate pressure section of the compressor 31. The pressure in the intermediate pressure section, i.e., the intermediate pressure, is higher than the suction pressure of the compressor 31 and lower than the discharge pressure of the compressor 31.

[0080] The injection valve 50 is located on the upstream side of the second flow path 45b in the injection pipe 49. The injection valve 50 is an electronically adjustable expansion valve.

[0081] (3-7) First control unit

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown, the transport refrigeration unit 10 includes a first control unit 90. The first control unit 90 includes a display unit 91, an operation unit 92, and a first control unit 93.

[0083] The display unit 91 is, for example, composed of a liquid crystal panel. The display unit 91 displays information related to the operation of the transport refrigeration unit 10 and the air conditioning unit 100.

[0084] The operation unit 92 consists of operation buttons. The operation unit 92 can also be a touchscreen that serves as both the display unit 91 and the LCD panel. The user operates the transport refrigeration unit 10 using the operation unit 92. The user also sets the operating conditions of the transport refrigeration unit 10 using the operation unit 92.

[0085] The first control unit 93 includes an MCU (Micro Control Unit), an electric circuit, and an electronic circuit. The MCU includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory, and a communication interface. In the memory, various programs for execution by the CPU are stored.

[0086] The first control unit 93 controls the outdoor fan 34, the indoor fan 35, the heater 52, and the refrigerant circuit 30. Specifically, the first control unit 93 controls the outdoor fan 34, the indoor fan 35, the heater 52, and the compressor 31. The first control unit 93 controls the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 34, the rotation speed of the indoor fan 35, and the rotation speed (operation frequency) of the compressor 31. The first control unit 93 controls the opening degree of the expansion valve 33, the first on-off valve 46, the second on-off valve 48, and the injection valve 50.

[0087] (3-8) Operation of the transport refrigeration device

[0088] The basic operation of the transport refrigeration device 10 will be described. When the transport refrigeration device 10 is operated, the first control unit 93 operates the compressor 31, the outdoor fan 34, and the indoor fan 35. The first control unit 93 opens the first on-off valve 46 and closes the second on-off valve 48. The first control unit 93 adjusts the opening degree of the expansion valve 33. The first control unit 93 adjusts the opening degree of the injection valve 50.

[0089] The refrigerant compressed in the compressor 31 flows in the outdoor heat exchanger 32. In the outdoor heat exchanger 32, the refrigerant releases heat to the outdoor air and condenses. The condensed refrigerant passes through the accumulator 44. A part of the refrigerant that has passed through the accumulator 44 flows in the first flow path 45a of the cooling heat exchanger 45. The remaining part of the refrigerant that has passed through the accumulator 44 flows in the injection pipe 49 and is depressurized to an intermediate pressure in the injection valve 50. The depressurized refrigerant is introduced into the intermediate pressure portion of the compressor 31.

[0090] In the cooling heat exchanger 45, the refrigerant of the second flow path 45b absorbs heat from the refrigerant of the first flow path 45a and evaporates. In this way, the refrigerant of the first flow path 45a is cooled. In other words, the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant flowing in the first flow path 45a becomes large.

[0091] The refrigerant cooled in the cooling heat exchanger 45 is depressurized to a low pressure in the expansion valve 33. The depressurized refrigerant flows in the indoor heat exchanger 51. In the indoor heat exchanger 51, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor air and evaporates. As a result, the indoor heat exchanger 51 cools the indoor air. The evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 31 and is compressed again.

[0092] The in-container air of the container main body 2 is circulated between the storage space 5 and the in-container flow path 20. In the in-container flow path 20, the in-container air is cooled by the in-container heat exchanger 51. In this way, the in-container air of the storage space 5 can be cooled, and thus the in-container air can be adjusted to a prescribed temperature.

[0093] (4) Air conditioning device

[0094] The transport refrigeration device 10 of the present embodiment includes an air conditioning device 100.

[0095] In order to perform so-called CA (Controlled Atmosphere) transport, the air conditioning device 100 is provided in the transport refrigeration device 10. The air conditioning device 100 adjusts the composition of the air of the storage space 5 of the transport container 1 so as to be different from that of the atmosphere.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioning device 100 includes an air flow path A into which treated air is introduced. The treated air includes in-container air and out-of-container air. The air flow path A can be composed of a hard pipe, can be composed of a soft hose, or can be composed of a combination of a hard pipe and a soft hose. Figure 5

[0097] In the air flow path A, an air pump 110, a gas separation module 120, and a sensor unit 140 are provided. The air pump 110 transports the air of the air flow path A. The gas separation module 120 adjusts the composition of the air. The gas separation module 120 separates the treated air into first air and second air. The sensor unit 140 measures the composition of the air.

[0098] (4-1) Air flow path

[0099] The air flow path A includes an inflow flow path 101, a supply flow path 102, an exhaust flow path 103, an in-container-side exhaust flow path 104, a bypass flow path 105, and a sensor flow path 106.

[0100] The inflow flow path 101 is a flow path for sending the treated air to the gas separation module 120. The inflow flow path 101 includes a first inflow flow path 101a, a second inflow flow path 101b, and an inflow trunk flow path 101c.

[0101] The first inflow flow path 101a is a flow path for introducing the out-of-container air into the air flow path A. The inlet end of the first inflow flow path 101a is open in the out-of-container space 6. In the first inflow flow path 101a, a first air filter F1 is provided. The first air filter F1 captures dust, salt, and the like contained in the out-of-container air. The first air filter F1 is composed of, for example, a membrane filter.

[0102] ​The second inflow passage 101b is a passage for introducing the inside-air into the air flow passage A. The inlet end of the second inflow passage 101b is opened in the accommodation space 5. In the second inflow passage 101b, a second air filter F2 is provided. The second air filter F2 traps dust and the like contained in the inside-air. The second air filter F2 is constituted by, for example, a membrane filter. In the second inflow passage 101b, a first water separator 111 is provided.

[0103] The outlet end of the first inflow passage 101a and the outlet end of the second inflow passage 101b are connected to the inlet end of an inflow main passage 101c. The outlet end of the inflow main passage 101c is connected to the first inlet end II of the gas separation module 120. In the inflow main passage 101c, from the upstream side toward the downstream side of the air flow, an air pump 110, a condensation circuit 112, a second water separator 113, and a water separation module 130 are provided.

[0104] The supply air flow passage 102 is a passage for sending the air separated by the gas separation module 120 to the accommodation space 5. The supply air flow passage 102 includes a first supply air passage 102a, a second supply air passage 102b, and a supply air main passage 102c.

[0105] The first supply air passage 102a is a passage for sending the first air separated by the gas separation module 120 to the accommodation space 5. The inlet end of the first supply air passage 102a is connected to the first outlet end OI of the gas separation module 120.

[0106] The second supply air passage 102b is a passage for sending the second air separated by the gas separation module 120 to the accommodation space 5. The inlet end of the second supply air passage 102b is connected to the second outlet end O2 of the gas separation module 120.

[0107] The outlet end of the first supply air passage 102a and the outlet end of the second supply air passage 102b are connected to the inlet end of the supply air main passage 102c. The outlet end of the supply air main passage 102c is opened in the accommodation space 5. Strictly speaking, the outlet end of the supply air main passage 102c is opened on the downstream side of the inside fan 35 in the inside flow passage 20 of the transport refrigeration device 10.

[0108] The exhaust air flow passage 103 is a passage for exhausting the air separated by the gas separation module 120 to the outside space 6. The air includes one or both of the first air and the second air. The exhaust air flow passage 103 includes a first exhaust air passage 103a, a second exhaust air passage 103b, and an exhaust air main passage 103c.

[0109] The first air exhaust passage 103a is a flow passage for exhausting the first air to the outside space 6. The inlet end of the first air exhaust passage 103a is connected to the first air supply passage 102a. The second air exhaust passage 103b is a flow passage for exhausting the second air to the outside space 6. The inlet end of the second air exhaust passage 103b is connected to the second air supply passage 102b. The outlet end of the first air exhaust passage 103a and the outlet end of the second air exhaust passage 103b are connected to the inlet end of the air exhaust main passage 103c. The outlet end of the air exhaust main passage 103c is opened to the outside space 6.

[0110] The inside-air exhaust passage 104 is a flow passage for exhausting the air of the housing space 5 to the outside space 6. The inlet end of the inside-air exhaust passage 104 is connected to the middle portion of the second inflow passage 101b. Strictly speaking, the inlet end of the inside-air exhaust passage 104 is connected to the first switching valve 151. The outlet end of the inside-air exhaust passage 104 is opened to the outside space 6.

[0111] The bypass flow passage 105 is connected to the inflow main passage 101c to make the air bypass the gas separation module 120. The inlet end of the bypass flow passage 105 is connected to the inflow main passage 101c. Strictly speaking, the inlet end of the bypass flow passage 105 is connected to the second switching valve 152.

[0112] The outlet end of the bypass flow passage 105 is connected to the first air supply passage 102a.

[0113] The sensor flow passage 106 is a flow passage for sending the air to the sensor unit 140. The sensor flow passage 106 includes a first sensor passage 106a and a second sensor passage 106b. The inlet end of the first sensor passage 106a is connected to the first air supply passage 102a. The outlet end of the first sensor passage 106a is connected to the sensor unit 140. The inlet end of the second sensor passage 106b is connected to the sensor unit 140. The outlet end of the second sensor passage 106b is opened to the housing space 5. Strictly speaking, the outlet end of the second sensor passage 106b is opened to the inside flow passage 20 of the transport refrigeration device 10 on the upstream side of the inside fan 35.

[0114] (4-2) Air Pump

[0115] The air pump 110 is an example of the air transport portion. The air pump 110 has a suction port and a discharge port. The air pump 110 pressurizes the air sucked from the suction port and discharges the pressurized air from the discharge port.

[0116] (4-3-1) Configuration of Gas Separation Module

[0117] The gas separation module 120 separates the air to be treated into the first air and the second air having different compositions. The gas separation module 120 is the composition adjustment portion.

[0118] As Figure 6As shown, the gas separation module 120 has a first housing 121, a first partition wall portion 122, a second partition wall portion 123, and a plurality of gas separation membranes 124. The first partition wall portion 122 and the second partition wall portion 123 are arranged inside the first housing 121. The plurality of gas separation membranes 124 are arranged between the first partition wall portion 122 and the second partition wall portion 123.

[0119] The first housing 121 is a cylindrical container having both ends closed. The first housing 121 extends in the axial direction thereof. One end portion of the first housing 121 in the axial direction is connected to the first inlet end II. The other end portion of the first housing 121 in the axial direction is connected to the first outlet end Ol. On the peripheral wall portion of the first housing 121, the second outlet end 02 is connected.

[0120] The first partition wall portion 122 is arranged near one end portion of the first housing 121, and the second partition wall portion 123 is arranged near the other end portion of the first housing 121. The first partition wall portion 122 and the second partition wall portion 123 are partitioning members for partitioning the inside space of the first housing 121 in the axial direction. The first partition wall portion 122 and the second partition wall portion 123 are provided so as to cross the first housing 121.

[0121] In the inside of the first housing 121, a first introduction chamber 125, a first discharge chamber 126, and a second discharge chamber 127 are formed. The first introduction chamber 125 is formed between one end portion of the first housing 121 and the first partition wall portion 122. The first discharge chamber 126 is formed between the other end portion of the first housing 121 and the second partition wall portion 123. The second discharge chamber 127 is formed outside the plurality of gas separation membranes 124 in the space between the peripheral wall portion of the first housing 121, the first partition wall portion 122, and the second partition wall portion 123.

[0122] The gas separation membrane 124 is composed of a hollow fiber membrane made of resin. In other words, the gas separation membrane 124 is formed in a hollow filament or an elongated tubular shape. The outer diameter of one gas separation membrane 124 is 1 mm or less. The respective film thicknesses of the gas separation membranes 124 are substantially equal.

[0123] Each gas separation membrane 124 extends from the first partition wall portion 122 to the second partition wall portion 123 in the axial direction of the first housing 121. One end (inlet end) of the gas separation membrane 124 penetrates the first partition wall portion 122 and opens in the first introduction chamber 125. The other end (outlet end) of the gas separation membrane 124 penetrates the second partition wall portion 123 and opens in the first discharge chamber 126. The first introduction chamber 125 and the first discharge chamber 126 communicate with each other through the gas separation membrane 124. The second discharge chamber 127 is substantially not in communication with the inside of the first introduction chamber 125, the first discharge chamber 126, and the gas separation membrane 124.

[0124] The gas separation membrane 124 is a non-porous membrane of a polymer. The gas separation membrane 124 separates components contained in a mixed gas using the fact that the speed at which different kinds of molecules penetrate the gas separation membrane 124 differs. The gas separation membrane 124 is a second separation membrane.

[0125] The gas separation membrane 124 has a property that the penetration speed of nitrogen is lower than both the penetration speed of oxygen and the penetration speed of carbon dioxide. In other words, the gas separation membrane 124 has a property that the penetration rate of nitrogen is lower than both the penetration rate of oxygen and the penetration rate of carbon dioxide.

[0126] (4-3-2) Operation of the gas separation module

[0127] The treated air flowing into the flow-in flow path 101 flows into the first introduction chamber 125 through the first inlet end II. The air of the first introduction chamber 125 flows inside each gas separation membrane 124 toward the first discharge chamber 126. A part of the air inside the gas separation membrane 124 penetrates the gas separation membrane 124 to move toward the second discharge chamber 127, and the remaining part flows out toward the first discharge chamber 126.

[0128] As for the gas separation membrane 124, the penetration rate of nitrogen is lower than the penetration rate of oxygen and carbon dioxide. In other words, it is more difficult for nitrogen in the air to penetrate the gas separation membrane 124 than for oxygen and carbon dioxide. Therefore, the air flowing inside the gas separation membrane 124 has its nitrogen concentration increase and its oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations decrease as it approaches the first discharge chamber 126. The oxygen and carbon dioxide contained in the air flowing inside the gas separation membrane 124 penetrate the gas separation membrane 124 to move toward the second discharge chamber 127.

[0129] The nitrogen concentration in the air flowing out to the first discharge chamber 126 is higher than the nitrogen concentration in the air of the first introduction chamber 125. The oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the air flowing out to the first discharge chamber 126 are lower than the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the air of the first introduction chamber 125. The air of the first discharge chamber 126 is first air. The first air flows out toward the first air supply path 102a through the first outlet end Ol. The first air has a higher nitrogen concentration, a lower oxygen concentration, and a lower carbon dioxide concentration than the treated air flowing into the gas separation module 120.

[0130] The nitrogen concentration in the air flowing out to the second discharge chamber 127 is lower than the nitrogen concentration in the air of the first introduction chamber 125. The oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the air flowing out to the second discharge chamber 127 are higher than the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the air of the first introduction chamber 125. The air of the second discharge chamber 127 is second air. The second air flows out toward the second air supply path 102b through the second outlet end 02. The second air has a lower nitrogen concentration, a higher oxygen concentration, and a higher carbon dioxide concentration than the treated air flowing into the gas separation module 120.

[0131] (4-4) First water separator, condensing circuit, and second water separator

[0132] The first water separator 111 is provided on the downstream side of the second air filter F2 in the second inflow path 101b. The first water separator 111 removes water in a liquid state contained in the air. Strictly speaking, the first water separator 111 is a cyclone type gas-liquid separator that removes water in a liquid state contained in the air by centrifugal force.

[0133] The condensing circuit 112 is arranged between the air pump 110 and the second water separator 113 in the inflow trunk path 101c. The condensing circuit 112 is composed of a heat transfer pipe arranged in the accommodation space 5. If the air flows in the condensing circuit 112, the air is cooled by the in-box air. As a result, the moisture in the air of the condensing circuit 112 is condensed, generating condensed water.

[0134] The second water separator 113 is arranged between the condensing circuit 112 and the water separation module 130 in the inflow trunk path 101c. The second water separator 113 removes moisture contained in the air. Strictly speaking, the second water separator 113 is a cyclone type gas-liquid separator that removes water in a liquid state contained in the air by centrifugal force.

[0135] (4-5-1) Configuration of water separation module

[0136] The water separation module 130 is arranged on the upstream side of the gas separation module 120 in the inflow trunk path 101c. The water separation module 130 is a dehumidification section that removes water vapor from the air to be treated. Strictly speaking, the water separation module 130 separates water molecules contained in the air. The water separation module 130 of the present example is a membrane dryer composed of sunsep (registered trademark).

[0137] As shown in FIG. 6, the water separation module 130 has a second housing 131, a third partition 132, a fourth partition 133, and a plurality of water separation membranes 134. The third partition 132 and the fourth partition 133 are arranged inside the second housing 131. The plurality of water separation membranes 134 are arranged between the third partition 132 and the fourth partition 133. Figure 7

[0138] ​The second housing 131 is a cylindrical container closed at both ends. The second housing 131 extends in the axial direction thereof. The one end portion of the second housing 131 in the axial direction is connected to the second inlet end I2. The other end portion of the second housing 131 in the axial direction is connected to the third outlet end O3. The third inlet end I3 and the fourth outlet end O4 are connected to the peripheral wall portion of the second housing 131. The third inlet end I3 is located in the peripheral wall portion of the second housing 131 near the other end portion of the second housing 131. The fourth outlet end O4 is located in the peripheral wall portion of the second housing 131 near the one end portion of the second housing 131.

[0139] As shown in FIG. 1, the second inlet end I2 is connected to the flow path on the upstream side of the water separation module 130 into which the water flowing in the main passage 101c is separated. The third outlet end O3 is connected to the flow path on the upstream side of the gas separation module 120 into which the gas flowing in the main passage 101c is separated. Figure 5

[0140] The air flow path A has an introduction path 107 and a water supply path 108. The introduction path 107 and the water supply path 108 are connected to the water separation module 130.

[0141] The introduction path 107 is a flow path for supplying air having a lower humidity to the water separation module 130. The inlet end of the introduction path 107 is connected to the air supply main passage 102c. The outlet end of the introduction path 107 is connected to the third inlet end I3 of the water separation module 130.

[0142] The water supply path 108 is a flow path for sending air including water separated by the water separation module 130 to the accommodation space 5. The inlet end of the water supply path 108 is connected to the fourth outlet end O4 of the water separation module 130. The outlet end of the water supply path 108 is connected to the downstream side of the inlet end of the introduction path 107 in the air supply main passage 102c. Strictly speaking, the outlet end of the water supply path 108 is connected to the downstream side of the fifth switching valve 155 in the air supply main passage 102c.

[0143] In the inside of the second housing 131, a second introduction chamber 135, a third discharge chamber 136, and a fourth discharge chamber 137 are formed. The second introduction chamber 135 is formed between the one end portion of the second housing 131 and the third partition wall portion 132. The third discharge chamber 136 is formed between the other end portion of the second housing 131 and the fourth partition wall portion 133. The fourth discharge chamber 137 is formed on the outside of the plurality of water separation membranes 134 in the space between the peripheral wall portion of the second housing 131, the third partition wall portion 132, and the fourth partition wall portion 133.

[0144] ​Each water separation membrane 134 extends from the third partition 132 to the fourth partition 133 in the axial direction of the second housing 131. One end (an inlet end) of the water separation membrane 134 penetrates the third partition 132 and is open to the second introduction chamber 135. The other end (an outlet end) of the water separation membrane 134 penetrates the fourth partition 133 and is open to the third discharge chamber 136. The second introduction chamber 135 and the third discharge chamber 136 communicate with each other through the water separation membrane 134. The fourth discharge chamber 137 is substantially not in communication with the interior of the second introduction chamber 135, the third discharge chamber 136, and the water separation membrane 134.

[0145] The water separation membrane 134 is composed of a hollow fiber membrane made of resin. In other words, the water separation membrane 134 is formed in a hollow filament or an elongated tubular shape. The water separation membrane 134 is composed of a fluorine-based ion exchange resin. The water separation membrane 134 has a property of allowing water molecules in the air to permeate. The water separation membrane 134 is a first separation membrane that allows water vapor to permeate.

[0146] (4-5-2) Operation of the water separation module

[0147] The treated air flowing into the flow path 101 flows into the second introduction chamber 135 through the second inlet end I2. The air in the second introduction chamber 135 flows inside each water separation membrane 134 toward the third discharge chamber 136. The air of the air supply passage 102c flows into the fourth discharge chamber 137 from the third inlet end I3.

[0148] In the water separation module 130, the absolute humidity of the treated air flowing into the second inlet end I2 is higher than that of the air flowing into the third inlet end I3. Therefore, in the water separation module 130, the water molecules in the air inside the water separation membrane 134 permeate the water separation membrane 134 and move to the fourth discharge chamber 137. The water molecules after permeating the water separation membrane 134 are given to the air flowing in the fourth discharge chamber 137. The air inside the water separation membrane 134 is dehumidified by losing the water molecules and flows out to the third discharge chamber 136. The air of the third discharge chamber 136 flows out to the flow-in passage 101c through the third outlet end O3 and is supplied to the gas separation module 120.

[0149] The air in the fourth discharge chamber 137 after being humidified flows out to the water supply passage 108 through the fourth outlet end O4. The air of the water supply passage 108 flows out to the air supply passage 102c and is sent to the accommodation space 5.

[0150] (4-6) Sensor unit

[0151] The sensor unit 140 includes an oxygen sensor 141, a carbon dioxide sensor 142, and a sensor housing 143.

[0152] The oxygen sensor 141 is a zirconia current sensor that measures the oxygen concentration of a mixed gas such as air. The carbon dioxide sensor 142 is a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensor that measures the carbon dioxide concentration of a mixed gas such as air. The oxygen sensor 141 and the carbon dioxide sensor 142 are housed in the sensor housing 143.

[0153] The sensor housing 143 is a box-shaped member. The sensor housing 143 includes a third air filter F3. The third air filter F3 is a membrane filter for capturing dust and the like contained in the air inside the box. The third air filter F3 filters the air inside the box flowing into the sensor housing 143.

[0154] (4-7) Flow path switching mechanism

[0155] On the air flow path A, a flow path switching mechanism for changing the flow of air is provided. The flow path switching mechanism includes a first switching valve 151, a second switching valve 152, a third switching valve 153, a fourth switching valve 154, and a fifth switching valve 155. The above-mentioned switching valves 151, 152, 153, 154, and 155 are constituted by three-way valves.

[0156] The first switching valve 151 is provided at the connection portion of the second inflow path 101b and the in-box side exhaust path 104. The first switching valve 151 switches between a first state in which the air inside the box is supplied to the gas separation module 120 and a second state in which the air inside the box is discharged to the outside space 6 of the box. Specifically, the first switching valve 151 in the first state communicates the housing space 5 with the inflow trunk path 101c and disconnects the housing space 5 from the outside space 6 of the box. The first switching valve 151 in the second state disconnects the housing space 5 from the inflow trunk path 101c and communicates the housing space 5 with the outside space 6 of the box.

[0157] The second switching valve 152 is provided at the connection portion of the inflow trunk path 101c and the bypass flow path 105. In other words, the second switching valve 152 is provided on the upstream side of the gas separation membrane 124 in the inflow trunk path 101c. The second switching valve 152 switches between a first state in which the air of the inflow path 101 is supplied to the gas separation module 120 and a second state in which the air of the inflow path 101 bypasses the gas separation module 120. Specifically, the second switching valve 152 in the first state communicates the inflow trunk path 101c with the gas separation module 120 and disconnects the inflow trunk path 101c from the bypass flow path 105. The second switching valve 152 in the second state disconnects the inflow trunk path 101c from the gas separation module 120 and communicates the inflow trunk path 101c with the bypass flow path 105.

[0158] The third switching valve 153 is provided on the connection portion of the first air supply path 102a and the first air exhaust path 103a. In other words, the third switching valve 153 is provided between the connection portion of the sensor flow path 106 in the first air supply path 102a and the outlet end of the first air supply path 102a. The third switching valve 153 switches between a first state in which the air of the first air supply path 102a is supplied to the accommodation space 5 and a second state in which the air of the first air supply path 102a is exhausted to the outside space 6. Specifically, the third switching valve 153 in the first state communicates the first air supply path 102a with the accommodation space 5 and disconnects the first air supply path 102a from the first air exhaust path 103a. The third switching valve 153 in the second state disconnects the first air supply path 102a from the accommodation space 5 and communicates the first air supply path 102a with the first air exhaust path 103a.

[0159] The fourth switching valve 154 is provided on the connection portion of the second air supply path 102b and the second air exhaust path 103b. In other words, the fourth switching valve 154 is provided between the second outlet end O2 of the gas separation module 120 in the second air supply path 102b and the outlet end of the second air supply path 102b. The fourth switching valve 154 switches between a first state in which the air of the second air supply path 102b is supplied to the accommodation space 5 and a second state in which the air of the second air supply path 102b is exhausted to the outside space 6. Specifically, the fourth switching valve 154 in the first state communicates the second air supply path 102b with the accommodation space 5 and disconnects the second air supply path 102b from the second air exhaust path 103b. The fourth switching valve 154 in the second state disconnects the second air supply path 102b from the accommodation space 5 and communicates the second air supply path 102b with the second air exhaust path 103b.

[0160] The fifth switching valve 155 is provided on the connection portion of the air supply trunk path 102c and the introduction path 107. In other words, the fifth switching valve 155 is provided on the upstream side of the water supply path 108 in the air supply trunk path 102c. The fifth switching valve 155 switches between a first state in which the air of the air supply flow path 102 is supplied to the accommodation space 5 without passing through the water separation module 130 and a second state in which the air of the air supply flow path 102 is supplied to the accommodation space 5 via the water separation module 130. Specifically, the fifth switching valve 155 in the first state communicates the air supply trunk path 102c with the introduction path 107 and disconnects the air supply trunk path 102c from the accommodation space 5. The fifth switching valve 155 in the second state disconnects the air supply trunk path 102c from the introduction path 107 and communicates the air supply trunk path 102c with the accommodation space 5.

[0161] The flow path switching mechanism includes an air on-off valve 156 provided in the air flow path A. The air on-off valve 156 is provided in the first sensor path 106a. The air on-off valve 156 is configured by, for example, a solenoid valve and opens and closes the sensor flow path 106.

[0162] (4-8) Check valve

[0163] In the air flow path A, a first check valve 157 and a second check valve 158 are provided.

[0164] The first check valve 157 is provided in the first gas supply path 102a. Specifically, the first check valve 157 is provided between the first outlet end O1 of the gas separation module 120 and the connection portion of the bypass flow path 105 in the first gas supply path 102a. The first check valve 157 allows air to flow from the first outlet end O1 of the gas separation module 120 toward the outlet end of the first gas supply path 102a, and prevents air from flowing in the opposite direction.

[0165] The second check valve 158 is provided in the second gas supply path 102b. Specifically, the second check valve 158 is provided between the second outlet end O2 of the gas separation module 120 and the connection portion of the second exhaust path 103b in the second gas supply path 102b. The second check valve 158 allows air to flow from the second outlet end O2 of the gas separation module 120 toward the outlet end of the second gas supply path 102b, and prevents air from flowing in the opposite direction.

[0166] (4-9) Pressure sensor

[0167] In the air flow path A, a first pressure sensor 161, a second pressure sensor 162, and a third pressure sensor 163 are provided. The pressure sensors 161, 162, and 163 described above detect the pressure of air.

[0168] The first pressure sensor 161 is provided on the downstream side of the water separation module 130 in the inflow flow path 101. Specifically, the first pressure sensor 161 is provided between the first outlet end O1 of the water separation module 130 and the second switching valve 152 in the inflow trunk path 101c. The first pressure sensor 161 detects the pressure inside the water separation module 130. Specifically, the first pressure sensor 161 detects the internal pressure of the third lead-out chamber 136 or the water separation membrane 134 of the water separation module 130.

[0169] The second pressure sensor 162 is provided on the downstream side of the gas separation module 120 in the first gas supply path 102a. Specifically, the second pressure sensor 162 is provided between the first outlet end O1 of the gas separation module 120 and the third switching valve 153 in the first gas supply path 102a. The second pressure sensor 162 detects the pressure inside the gas separation module 120. Specifically, the second pressure sensor 162 detects the pressure of the first lead-out chamber 126 or the internal pressure of the gas separation membrane 124 of the gas separation module 120.

[0170] The third pressure sensor 163 is provided in the second gas supply path 102b on the downstream side of the gas separation module 120. Specifically, the third pressure sensor 163 is provided in the second gas supply path 102b between the second outlet end O2 of the gas separation module 120 and the fourth switching valve 154. The third pressure sensor 163 detects the pressure of the second lead-out chamber 127 of the gas separation module 120.

[0171] (4-10) Pressure regulating valve

[0172] In the air flow path A, a first pressure regulating valve 171 and a second pressure regulating valve 172 are provided. The first pressure regulating valve 171 and the second pressure regulating valve 172 are each an electrically driven valve whose opening degree is variable.

[0173] The first pressure regulating valve 171 is provided in the inflow flow path 101 on the downstream side of the water separation module 130. Specifically, the first pressure regulating valve 171 is provided in the inflow trunk path 101c between the first pressure sensor 161 and the second switching valve 152. The first pressure regulating valve 171 is a first throttling mechanism that functions as a throttle.

[0174] The first pressure regulating valve 171 is a first pressure regulating mechanism that adjusts the pressure of the treated air flowing in the water separation module 130. If the opening degree of the first pressure regulating valve 171 is changed, the pressure inside the water separation module 130 changes. Specifically, if the opening degree of the first pressure regulating valve 171 is changed, the pressure of the third lead-out chamber 136 of the water separation module 130 and the pressure on the inner side of the water separation membrane 134 change.

[0175] The second pressure regulating valve 172 is provided in the first gas supply path 102a on the downstream side of the gas separation module 120. Specifically, the second pressure regulating valve 172 is provided in the first gas supply path 102a between the second pressure sensor 162 and the third switching valve 153. The second pressure regulating valve 172 is a second throttling mechanism that functions as a throttle.

[0176] The second pressure regulating valve 172 is a second pressure regulating mechanism that adjusts the pressure of the air on the primary side of the gas separation membrane 124 in the gas separation module 120 (specifically, the air flowing in the portion of the inner space of the gas separation module 120 that communicates with the first inlet end II). If the opening degree of the second pressure regulating valve 172 is changed, the pressure inside the gas separation module 120 changes. Specifically, if the opening degree of the second pressure regulating valve 172 is changed, the pressure of the first lead-out chamber 126 of the gas separation module 120 and the pressure on the inner side of the gas separation membrane 124 change.

[0177] Here, the throttling expansion action is an action of reducing the pressure of fluid by passing the fluid through a narrow passage. The first throttling mechanism, i.e., the first pressure regulating valve 171, reduces the pressure of the treated air after passing through the water separation module 130. The second throttling mechanism, i.e., the second pressure regulating valve 172, reduces the pressure of the first air that has flowed out from the gas separation module 120.

[0178] (4-11) Second Control Unit

[0179] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the air conditioning device 100 includes a second control unit 190. The second control unit 190 is connected to the first control unit 90 through a communication line W. The communication line W transmits and receives signals and information between the first control unit 90 and the second control unit 190. The communication line W is wired, but can be wireless.

[0180] The second control unit 190 includes a second control section 191.

[0181] The second control section 191 includes an MCU (Micro Control Unit), an electric circuit, and an electronic circuit. The MCU includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory, and a communication interface. In the memory, various programs for execution by the CPU are stored.

[0182] The second control section 191 receives signals detected by the first pressure sensor 161, the second pressure sensor 162, and the third pressure sensor 163. The second control section 191 controls the air pump 110, the flow path switching mechanism, and the pressure regulating valves 171 and 172. Specifically, the second control section 191 controls the operation of the air pump 110. The second control section 191 switches each of the switching valves 151, 152, 153, 154, and 155 between the first state and the second state. The second control section 191 opens and closes the air switch valve 156. The second control section 191 adjusts the opening degree of the pressure regulating valves 171 and 172.

[0183] (4-12) Operation Action of Air Conditioning Device

[0184] The operation action of the air conditioning device 100 will be described. The operation of the air conditioning device 100 includes the first operation to the fifth operation described below. In this example, in the first operation to the fifth operation, the second control section 191 sets the fifth switching valve 155 to the first state. Therefore, in the above-described operation, the water separation module 130 performs the action of removing water from the air.

[0185] (4-12-1) First Operation

[0186] The first operation is an operation in which both the tank-outside air and the tank- inside air are used as the treated air, the first air is supplied to the storage space 5, and the second air is discharged to the tank-outside space 6. This first operation is performed in order to reduce the oxygen concentration of the tank- inside air in the storage space 5.

[0187] As shown in FIG. 1, in the first operation, the second control section 191 sets the first switching valve 151 to the first state, sets the second switching valve 152 to the first state, sets the third switching valve 153 to the first state, sets the fourth switching valve 154 to the second state, sets the fifth switching valve 155 to the first state, and sets the air on-off valve 156 to the closed state. Figure 8

[0188] In the first operation, the tank- inside air flowing in the second inflow path 101b passes through the first water separation section 111. The first water separation section 111 separates water (liquid) in the tank- inside air. The air after passing through the first water separation section 111 and the tank- outside air flowing in the first inflow path 101a flow into the inflow trunk path 101c and mix, and are then sucked into the air pump 110 as the treated air. The air sucked into the air pump 110 is pressurized and then ejected. The air ejected from the air pump 110 is cooled by the condensing circuit 112 and then flows in the second water separation section 113. The second water separation section 113 separates water condensed during the passage of the treated air through the condensing circuit 112 from the treated air.

[0189] The air after passing through the second water separation section 113 is dehumidified by passing through the water separation membrane 134 of the water separation module 130. The treated air dehumidified in the water separation module 130 flows into the gas separation module 120. In the gas separation module 120, the treated air is separated into the first air and the second air.

[0190] The first air, which has a lower oxygen concentration than the treated air, sequentially flows through the first air supply path 102a and the introduction path 107, and passes through the fourth discharge chamber 137 of the water separation module 130. In the fourth discharge chamber 137, water molecules after penetrating the water separation membrane 134 are given to the first air. The first air humidified in the water separation module 130 sequentially flows through the water supply path 108 and the air supply trunk path 102c, and is supplied to the storage space 5.

[0191] The second air, which has a higher oxygen concentration than the treated air, sequentially flows through the second air supply path 102b, the second exhaust path 103b, and the exhaust trunk path 103c, and is discharged to the tank-outside space 6.

[0192] In the first operation, the storage space 5 is kept at a positive pressure. In other words, the air pressure of the storage space 5 is higher than the air pressure (that is, the atmospheric pressure) outside the transport container 1. ​

[0193] (4-12-2) Second Operation

[0194] The second operation is an operation in which the outside-air is used as the treated air, the first air is supplied to the storage space 5, and the second air is discharged to the outside space 6. This second operation is performed in order to reduce the oxygen concentration of the inside-air in the storage space 5.

[0195] As shown in FIG. 2, in the second operation, the second control section 191 sets the first switching valve 151 to the second state, sets the second switching valve 152 to the first state, sets the third switching valve 153 to the first state, sets the fourth switching valve 154 to the second state, sets the fifth switching valve 155 to the first state, and sets the air on-off valve 156 to the closed state. Figure 9 The outside-air flowing in the first inflow path 101a is pressurized by the air pump 110, and then passes through the condensing circuit 112 and the second moisture separator 113. The air passing through the second moisture separator 113 is dehumidified by the dehumidifying membrane 134 of the dehumidifying module 130. The treated air dehumidified in the dehumidifying module 130 flows into the gas separation module 120. In the gas separation module 120, the treated air is separated into the first air and the second air. The first air having a lower oxygen concentration than the treated air is humidified in the dehumidifying module 130, and then sequentially flows through the water supply path 108 and the supply air main path 102c, and is supplied to the storage space 5.

[0196] The second air having a higher oxygen concentration than the treated air sequentially flows through the second supply air path 102b, the second exhaust air path 103b, and the exhaust air main path 103c, and is discharged to the outside space 6.

[0197] In the second operation, the storage space 5 is maintained at a positive pressure. Therefore, the air of the storage space 5 flows through the second inflow path 101b and the inside-air exhaust path 104, and is discharged to the outside space 6. As a result, the air of the storage space 5 is gradually replaced by the first air.

[0198] (4-12-3) Third Operation

[0199] The third operation is an operation in which both the outside-air and the inside-air are used as the treated air, the first air is discharged to the outside, and the second air is supplied to the inside. This third operation is performed in order to increase the oxygen concentration of the inside-air in the storage space 5.

[0200] As shown in FIG. 3, in the third operation, the second control section 191 sets the first switching valve 151 to the first state, sets the second switching valve 152 to the second state, sets the third switching valve 153 to the second state, sets the fourth switching valve 154 to the first state, sets the fifth switching valve 155 to the second state, and sets the air on-off valve 156 to the open state.

[0201] Figure 10 ​As shown, in the third operation, the second control unit 191 sets the first switching valve 151 to the first state, the second switching valve 152 to the first state, the third switching valve 153 to the second state, the fourth switching valve 154 to the first state, the fifth switching valve 155 to the first state, and the air switch valve 156 to the closed state.

[0202] In the third operation, the air (processed air) formed by the mixture of outside air flowing in the first inflow path 101a and inside air flowing in the second inflow path 101b is pressurized by the air pump 110 and then passes through the condensation circuit 112 and the second water separator 113. After passing through the second water separator 113, the air flows through the water separation membrane 134 of the water separation module 130 and is dehumidified. The processed air, after being dehumidified in the water separation module 130, flows into the gas separation module 120. In the gas separation module 120, the processed air is separated into first air and second air. The first air, with a lower oxygen concentration than the processed air, flows sequentially through the first air supply path 102a, the first exhaust path 103a, and the exhaust trunk path 103c, and is discharged into the outside space 6.

[0203] The second air, with a higher oxygen concentration than the air being treated, flows sequentially through the second air supply path 102b and the inlet path 107, and then through the fourth outlet chamber 137 of the water separation module 130. In the fourth outlet chamber 137, water molecules that have penetrated the water separation membrane 134 are incorporated into the second air. The second air, humidified in the water separation module 130, flows sequentially through the water supply path 108 and the main air supply path 102c, and is then supplied to the receiving space 5.

[0204] During the third operation, storage space 5 is kept under positive pressure.

[0205] (4-12-4) Fourth Operation

[0206] The fourth operation involves using outside air as the air being processed, discharging the first type of air outside the chamber and supplying the second type of air into the chamber. This fourth operation is performed to increase the oxygen concentration of the air inside the chamber within the storage space 5.

[0207] like Figure 11 As shown, in the fourth operation, the second control unit 191 sets the first switching valve 151 to the second state, sets the second switching valve 152 to the first state, sets the third switching valve 153 to the second state, sets the fourth switching valve 154 to the first state, sets the fifth switching valve 155 to the first state, and sets the air switch valve 156 to the closed state.

[0208] Outside air (the air to be processed) flowing in the first inflow path 101a is pressurized by the air pump 110 and then passes through the condensation circuit 112 and the second water separator 113. After passing through the second water separator 113, the air flows through the water separation membrane 134 of the water separation module 130 and is dehumidified. The dehumidified air in the water separation module 130 flows into the gas separation module 120. In the gas separation module 120, the air to be processed is separated into first air and second air. The second air, with a higher oxygen concentration than the air to be processed, is humidified in the water separation module 130 and then flows sequentially through the water supply path 108 and the air supply trunk path 102c, and is supplied to the receiving space 5.

[0209] The first air, which has a lower oxygen concentration than the air being treated, flows sequentially through the second air supply path 102b, the second exhaust path 103b, and the exhaust main path 103c, and is discharged into the external space 6.

[0210] During the fourth operation, the storage space 5 is maintained under positive pressure. Therefore, the air in the storage space 5 flows through the second inlet path 101b and the inner exhaust path 104 and is discharged into the outer space 6. As a result, the air in the storage space 5 is gradually replaced by the second air.

[0211] (4-12-5) Fifth Operation

[0212] The fifth operation involves supplying outside air directly into the chamber. This fifth operation is performed to increase the oxygen concentration of the air inside the chamber within storage space 5.

[0213] like Figure 12 As shown, in the fifth operation, the second control unit 191 sets the first switching valve 151 to the second state, sets the second switching valve 152 to the second state, sets the third switching valve 153 to the first state, sets the fourth switching valve 154 to the second state, sets the fifth switching valve 155 to the first state, and sets the air switch valve 156 to the closed state.

[0214] Outside air flowing in the first inlet path 101a is pressurized by the air pump 110 and passes through the condensation circuit 112 and the second water separator 113. After passing through the second water separator 113, the air flows through the water separation membrane 134 of the water separation module 130 and is dehumidified. The dehumidified air in the water separation module 130 flows into the bypass path 105, bypassing the gas separation module 120. The air flowing out of the bypass path 105 flows sequentially through the first air supply path 102a and the inlet path 107, and then through the fourth outlet chamber 137 of the water separation module 130. In the fourth outlet chamber 137, water molecules that have penetrated the water separation membrane 134 are incorporated into the air. The humidified air in the water separation module 130 flows sequentially through the water supply path 108 and the air supply trunk path 102c, and is supplied to the receiving space 5.

[0215] In the fifth operation, the housing space 5 is kept at positive pressure. Therefore, the air of the housing space 5 flows through the second inflow path 101b and the in-box side air discharge path 104 and is discharged to the out-of-box space 6. As a result, the air of the housing space 5 is gradually replaced by the out-of-box air.

[0216] (5) Features of the first embodiment

[0217] (5-1)

[0218] In the air conditioning device 100 of the present embodiment, the water separation module 130 is arranged upstream of the gas separation module 120 in the air flow path A. The treated air flowing toward the gas separation module 120 is dehumidified during passage through the water separation module 130, and has a relative humidity of approximately 0%. Therefore, the treated air having a very low humidity after flowing out of the water separation module 130 flows into the gas separation module 120 having the gas separation membrane 124. Thus, according to the present embodiment, the humidity of the treated air in contact with the gas separation membrane 124 of the gas separation module 120 can be kept low, and thus the performance reduction of the gas separation membrane 124 due to water vapor can be suppressed.

[0219] (5-2)

[0220] In the air conditioning device 100 of the present embodiment, the first pressure regulating valve 171 is provided downstream of the water separation module 130 in the air flow path A. The first pressure regulating valve 171 depressurizes the treated air after passage through the water separation module 130. Therefore, in the water separation module 130 upstream of the first pressure regulating valve 171, the pressure of the treated air passing through the tubular water separation membrane 134 is maintained to a certain degree or more. As a result, the amount of water molecules penetrating the water separation membrane 134 can be ensured, and thus the dehumidification performance of the water separation module 130 can be reliably exerted.

[0221] Further, by adjusting the opening degree of the first pressure regulating valve 171, the pressure of the treated air in the water separation module 130 can be prevented from excessively rising. As a result, the water separation membrane 134 can be prevented from being damaged in advance, and thus the reliability of the air conditioning device 100 can be improved.

[0222] (5-3)

[0223] In the air-conditioning device 100 of the present embodiment, the second pressure regulating valve 172 is provided in the first air supply path 102a. The second pressure regulating valve 172 depressurizes the first air that has flown out of the gas separation module 120. Therefore, in the gas separation module 120 located upstream of the second pressure regulating valve 172, the pressure of the air flowing inside the tubular gas separation membrane 124 is maintained to a certain degree or more. As a result, the amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide that penetrate the gas separation membrane 124 can be ensured, and thus the gas separation performance of the gas separation module 120 can be reliably exerted.

[0224] Further, by adjusting the opening degree of the second pressure regulating valve 172, the pressure of the air flowing inside the tubular gas separation membrane 124 is changed, and thus the amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide that penetrate the gas separation membrane 124 can be adjusted. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, by adjusting the opening degree of the second pressure regulating valve 172, the nitrogen concentration of the first air and the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration of the second air can be adjusted.

[0225] (5-4)

[0226] In the air-conditioning device 100 of the present embodiment, the first air or the second air that has flown out of the gas separation module 120 and flows toward the storage space 5 is supplied to the water separation module 130 as a release gas through the introduction path 107, and is supplied to the storage space 5 after being given water molecules that have penetrated the water separation membrane 134. As such, in the air-conditioning device 100 of the present embodiment, the water vapor removed from the treated air in the water separation module 130 can be sent back to the first air or the second air flowing toward the storage space 5. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, by providing the water separation module 130, both the performance reduction of the gas separation membrane 124 caused by water vapor and the humidity reduction of the air in the tank of the storage space 5 can be suppressed.

[0227] (6) Modification of the First Embodiment

[0228] In the air-conditioning device 100 of the present embodiment, the bypass flow path 105 can also be omitted. As shown in FIG. 6, in the air-conditioning device 100 of the present modification, the bypass flow path 105 and the second switching valve 152 are both omitted. Figure 13

[0229] With Figure 5 ​Similar to the air conditioning device 100 shown, the air conditioning device 100 of this modification can perform a first operation to a fifth operation. In the fifth operation of the air conditioning device 100 of this modification, both the third switching valve 153 and the fourth switching valve 154 are in the first state. In this fifth operation, the first air supply passage 102a and the second air supply passage 102b are connected to the air supply trunk 102c, and the first air and the second air flowing out of the gas separation module 120 flow into the air supply trunk 102c and mix. Therefore, the composition of the air supplied from the air supply trunk 102c to the receiving space is substantially the same as the composition of the processed air (i.e., the air outside the chamber) flowing into the gas separation module 120.

[0230] (Second Implementation)

[0231] The second embodiment will be described. This embodiment is obtained by changing the configuration of the air conditioning device based on the transport container 1 of the first embodiment.

[0232] (7) Air conditioning unit

[0233] Regarding the air conditioning device 100 of this embodiment, the differences from the air conditioning device 100 of the first embodiment will be explained.

[0234] like Figure 14 As shown, the air conditioning device 100 of this embodiment is obtained by adding a humidifier 200 and a water pipe 210 to the air conditioning device 100 of the first embodiment.

[0235] (7-1) Water pipes

[0236] One end of the water pipe 210 is connected to the bottom of the second water separator 113, and the other end of the water pipe 210 is connected to the humidifier 200. The water pipe 210 is the pipe that delivers the water (liquid) stored in the second water separator 113 to the humidifier 200.

[0237] (7-2) Humidifier

[0238] The humidifier 200 is a humidifying section that imparts water vapor to the first air or the second air supplied to the storage space 5. In this embodiment, the humidifier 200 imparts water vapor to the first air or the second air flowing in the supply air path 102.

[0239] like Figure 15 As shown, the humidifier 200 includes a main container 201, a water inlet pipe 202, an air inlet pipe 203, and an air outlet pipe 204. The main container 201 is an upright, cylindrical, sealed container. The water inlet pipe 202, the air inlet pipe 203, and the air outlet pipe 204 are all tubular components and extend through the upper end of the main container 201.

[0240] Water inlet pipe 202 is connected to the other end of water pipe 210. Water (liquid) flowing from the second water separator 113 through water pipe 210 and water inlet pipe 202 is stored in main container 201.

[0241] An air inlet pipe 203 is connected upstream of the fifth switching valve 155 in the air supply main 102c. The air inlet pipe 203 opens at the bottom of the internal space of the main body container 201. The air inlet pipe 203 blows either the first or second air flowing in from the air supply main 102c into the water (liquid) stored at the bottom of the main body container 201. In the main body container 201, a portion of the water stored at the bottom turns into water vapor, which is then supplied to the air flowing in from the air inlet pipe 203.

[0242] Air outlet pipe 204 is connected downstream of the fifth switching valve 155 in the air supply main 102c. Air outlet pipe 204 opens at the top of the internal space of the main body container 201. Air outlet pipe 204 delivers air that has been infused with water vapor in the internal space of the main body container 201 toward the air supply main 102c.

[0243] (8) Features of the second embodiment

[0244] According to the air conditioning device 100 of this embodiment, the first air or the second air supplied to the storage space 5 can be humidified in the humidifier 200. Therefore, the humidity of the air inside the storage space 5 can be maintained, thereby preventing the freshness of the fresh food stored in the storage space 5 from decreasing.

[0245] (9) Variations of the second embodiment

[0246] (9-1) First variation

[0247] like Figure 16 As shown, in the air conditioning device 100 of this embodiment, the humidifier 200 may also be located midway through the air supply main 102c. Specifically, in this modified example, the humidifier 200 is located downstream of the connection point of the water supply line 108 in the air supply main 102c. The portion of the air supply main 102c near the connection point of the water supply line 108 is connected to the air inlet pipe 203 of the humidifier 200. The portion of the air supply main 102c near the outlet end of the air supply main 102c is connected to the air inlet pipe 204 of the humidifier 200.

[0248] (9-2) Second variation

[0249] The humidifier 200 of the present embodiment can also be an ultrasonic humidifier. The humidifier 200 of the present modification includes an ultrasonic vibrator composed of a piezoelectric element or the like. The ultrasonic vibrator is provided at the bottom of the main container 201. If the ultrasonic vibrator is operated, water is atomized due to vibrations generated by the ultrasonic vibrator, and the atomized water is imparted to the air in the internal space of the main container 201.

[0250] (9-3) Third Modification

[0251] In the air conditioning device 100 of the present embodiment, the water conduit 210 can not be connected to the second water separator 113, but can be connected to a water pan of the transport refrigeration device 10.

[0252] In the transport refrigeration device 10, the water pan is arranged below the in-truck heat exchanger 51. The transport refrigeration device 10 performs a defrosting operation for melting frost adhering to the in-truck heat exchanger 51 using a heater 52. During the defrosting operation, the frost adhering to the in-truck heat exchanger 51 is melted to generate water (liquid). The water flowing down from the in-truck heat exchanger 51 during the defrosting operation is received by the water pan. The water received by the water pan flows into the main container 201 of the humidifier 200 through the water conduit 210, and is used to humidify air in the humidifier 200.

[0253] (9-4) Fourth Modification

[0254] The humidifier 200 of the present embodiment can also be configured to humidify the outside-air and supply the humidified outside-air to the supply-air trunk 102c.

[0255] In the humidifier 200 of the present modification, the air introduction pipe 203 is connected to a conduit that sends the outside-air to the humidifier 200. The air discharge pipe 204 is connected to the supply-air trunk 102c. In the humidifier 200, water vapor is imparted to the outside-air that flows into the main container 201 through the air introduction pipe 203. The outside-air that is humidified in the internal space of the main container 201 flows into the supply-air trunk 102c through the air discharge pipe 204. As a result, the water vapor imparted to the outside-air in the internal space of the main container 201 is imparted to the first air or the second air flowing in the supply-air trunk 102c.

[0256] (10) Other Embodiments

[0257] (10-1) First Modification

[0258] The air conditioning device 100 of each of the above-described embodiments and each modification example can also include an orifice plate or the like fixed-opening throttling mechanism instead of the first pressure regulating valve 171. In other words, the first throttling mechanism of the air conditioning device 100 is not limited to the variable-opening throttling mechanism, i.e., the first pressure regulating valve 171, but can also be a fixed-opening throttling mechanism such as an orifice plate.

[0259] In addition, the air conditioning device 100 of each of the above-described embodiments and each modification example can also include an orifice plate or the like fixed-opening throttling mechanism instead of the second pressure regulating valve 172. In other words, the second throttling mechanism of the air conditioning device 100 is not limited to the variable-opening throttling mechanism, i.e., the second pressure regulating valve 172, but can also be a fixed-opening throttling mechanism such as an orifice plate.

[0260] (10-2) Second Modification Example

[0261] In the air conditioning device 100 of each of the above-described embodiments and each modification example, the fifth switching valve 155 can also be omitted. In the air flow path A of the present modification example, a water separation module 130 is arranged midway through the supply air trunk 102c. Specifically, the terminal end of the upstream side portion of the supply air trunk 102c is connected to the third inlet end I3 of the water separation module 130, and the start end of the downstream side portion of the supply air trunk 102c is connected to the fourth outlet end O4 of the water separation module 130.

[0262] (10-3) Third Modification Example

[0263] The transport container 1 of each of the above-described embodiments and each modification example can also be used for land transportation. In this case, the transport container 1 is transported by a land transport means such as a vehicle. Specifically, the transport container 1 is mounted on a trailer.

[0264] (10-4) Fourth Modification Example

[0265] The air conditioning device 100 of each of the above-described embodiments and each modification example can also be provided in a stationary warehouse. In this case, the air conditioning device 100 is used to adjust the composition of the air in the storage space 5 formed by the warehouse. In the storage space 5 of the warehouse provided with the air conditioning device 100, for example, fresh produce such as fruits, vegetables, and flowers are stored.

[0266] The embodiments and the modification examples have been described above, but it is understood that various changes can be made to the embodiments and the specific cases without departing from the gist and scope of the claims. In addition, the elements of the above-described embodiments, modification examples, and other embodiments can also be appropriately combined or replaced.

[0267] The words "first", "second", "third", and the like described above are used only to distinguish the sentences containing the words and do not limit the number or order of the sentences.

[0268] - Industrial applicability -

[0269] In view of the foregoing, the present disclosure is useful for an air conditioning device, a refrigeration device, and a transport container.

[0270] - Symbol explanation -

[0271] 1 Transport container

[0272] 2 Container main body (storage tank)

[0273] 10 Transport refrigeration device (refrigeration device)

[0274] 30 Refrigerant circuit

[0275] 100 Air conditioning device

[0276] 110 Air pump

[0277] 113 Second water separator (gas-liquid separator)

[0278] 120 Gas separation module (composition adjustment section)

[0279] 124 Gas separation membrane (second separation membrane)

[0280] 130 Water separation module (dehumidification section)

[0281] 134 Water separation membrane (first separation membrane)

[0282] 171 First pressure regulating valve (first throttling mechanism)

[0283] 172 Second pressure regulating valve (second throttling mechanism)

[0284] 200 Humidifier (humidification section)

Claims

1. An air conditioning device (100) that adjusts a composition of air in a case of a storage house (2), characterized by: the air conditioning device (100) including a dehumidifying section (130) and a composition adjusting section (120), the dehumidifying section (130) having a first separation membrane (134) that allows water vapor contained in processed air to pass through and dehumidifying the processed air, the composition adjusting section (120) having a second separation membrane (124) that separates the processed air dehumidified by the dehumidifying section (130) into first air and second air having different compositions, the air conditioning device (100) supplying the first air or the second air that flows out of the composition adjusting section (120) to the storage house (2), a first space (135, 136) in which the processed air flows and a second space (137) in which the first space (135, 136) is separated by the first separation membrane (134) are formed in the dehumidifying section (130), the air conditioning device (100) including: a flow path that supplies the processed air to the first space (135, 136); a flow path that supplies the processed air that has flowed out of the first space (135, 136) to the composition adjusting section (120); a flow path (107) that supplies the first air or the second air that has flowed out of the composition adjusting section (120) to the second space (137); and a flow path (108) that supplies the first air or the second air that has flowed out of the second space (137) to the storage house (2).

2. The air conditioning device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air conditioning device (100) includes an air pump (110) and a first throttling mechanism (171), the air pump (110) supplies the processed air to the dehumidifying section (130), and the first throttling mechanism (171) is provided in a passage of the processed air that flows from the dehumidifying section (130) to the composition adjusting section (120).

3. The air conditioning device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: the composition adjusting section (120) uses air that does not pass through the second separation membrane (124) as the first air and uses air that has passed through the second separation membrane (124) as the second air, and the air conditioning device (100) includes a second throttling mechanism (172) that is provided in a passage of the first air that has flowed out of the composition adjusting section (120).

4. The air conditioning device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the dehumidifying section (130) gives water vapor that has passed through the first separation membrane (134) to the first air or the second air that flows out of the composition adjusting section (120) and flows to an inside of the storage house (2). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5. The air conditioning device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the air conditioning device (100) includes a humidifying section (200) that imparts water vapor to the first air or the second air that flows out from the composition adjusting section (120) and flows to the inside of the storage compartment (2).

6. The air conditioning device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the air conditioning device (100) includes a gas-liquid separator (113) that separates water in a liquid state from the treated air that is sent to the dehumidifying section (130).

7. A refrigeration apparatus characterized by comprising: the refrigeration device includes: the air conditioning device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3; and a refrigerant circuit (30) that performs a refrigeration cycle to adjust the temperature of the inside of the storage compartment.

8. A shipping container characterized by: the transport container includes: the refrigeration device (10) according to claim 7; and a container body (2) that constitutes the storage compartment and on which the refrigeration device (10) is installed.

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