Inductive Electrically-Excited Synchronous Motor

Abstract

An inductively electrically excited synchronous machine, having: a rotor with a rotor coil and a transformer secondary coil; a stator with a stator coil and a transformer primary coil; and a machine control unit which, in the event of a machine fault of the synchronous machine, demagnetizes the rotor coil. The demagnetization of the rotor coil is improved by means of a demagnetization circuit which has a generator winding arranged on the stator, a switching device for activating and deactivating the demagnetization circuit and an electrical energy consumer and / or an electrical energy storage, to which the inductively fed-in electrical energy is supplied, and the machine control unit controls the respective switching device in order to deactivate the demagnetization circuit during normal operation of the synchronous machine and controls the respective switching device in the event of a machine fault in order to activate the demagnetization circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an inductively electrically excited synchronous machine. Background Art

[0002] A synchronous machine is a rotary electric machine in which, during operation, a rotor or a rotating part rotates or operates synchronously with a rotating field of a stator or a stationary part. Generally, a synchronous machine can operate as a motor or as a generator. Further, in the case of an electrically excited or externally excited synchronous machine, a magnetic field is generated electrically on the rotor. Herein, at least one rotor coil is used, and in order to generate a magnetic field on the rotor side, electrical energy must be supplied to the rotor coil, and the electrical energy is particularly in the form of a direct current. In the case of an inductively electrically excited synchronous machine, the corresponding rotor coil is supplied with electrical energy in a brushless manner, i.e., by induction. Herein, the inductively electrically excited synchronous machine corresponds to a brushless externally excited synchronous machine.

[0003] A conventional inductively electrically excited synchronous machine is known, for example, from DE 10 2016 207 392 A1. The synchronous machine includes a rotor having at least one rotor coil for generating a rotor magnetic field. Further, the synchronous machine has a stator on which the rotor is supported so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis, and the stator has at least one stator coil for generating a stator magnetic field. Further, the synchronous machine is equipped with a rotating transformer by means of which electrical energy can be inductively transmitted to at least one rotor coil. For this purpose, the rotating transformer has a transformer primary coil fixed to the stator and a transformer secondary coil fixed to the rotor. The transformer secondary coil is suitably electrically connected to the corresponding rotor coil via a rectifier. Additionally, the synchronous machine is equipped with a machine control unit which is coupled to the corresponding stator coil and to the corresponding transformer primary coil for operating the synchronous machine as a motor and / or as a generator.

[0004] In one of the components of a synchronous machine, for example, in the coils of the rotor and the stator or in the electronic devices (including an inverter) of the machine control unit, a machine fault may occur, and in the case of a machine fault, the synchronous machine is switched off or deactivated. This can be achieved, for example, by ending the supply of electrical energy to the corresponding stator coil and to the corresponding transformer primary coil. Herein, in order to avoid the rotor getting suddenly stuck in the stator or to avoid supercritical currents and voltages in the coils, in the case of a machine fault, it is necessary to demagnetize the corresponding rotor coil.

[0005] It is proposed in the known DE 10 2016 207 392 A1 mentioned above that a braking circuit is provided on the rotor side, which braking circuit includes a switching element, a control circuit and a load element. If, in the event of a machine fault, for example due to deactivation of the stator coil, the voltage is greater than a predetermined limit value, the switching element opens and electrical energy is dissipated via the load element, in which the electrical energy is converted into heat. The response time of this type of braking circuit on the rotor side is relatively long because the voltage must first rise to the limit value. Additionally, high-power synchronous motors are inherently subject to high thermal loads, such that the heat additionally generated on the load element cannot or can only be inadequately dissipated, such that thermal overload of the electronic components of the braking circuit and thus thermal overload of the rotor or the synchronous motor can occur.

[0006] Another inductively electrically excited synchronous motor is known, for example, from WO 2012 / 123847 A1.

[0007] An electrically excited synchronous motor is known from EP 3 672 065 A1, which has two independent stator coils that can be operated separately to generate a rotating magnetic field. In normal operation, the two stator coils are controlled such that the two stator magnetic fields rotate in the same direction of rotation. In contrast, in dissipative operation, the two stator coils are operated such that the two stator magnetic fields rotate in opposite directions and cancel each other out. Thereby, the kinetic energy and electrical energy of the machine are reduced without current flowing back to the inverter. Thereby, the permanent magnets can be effectively prevented from being demagnetized due to excessive electromagnetic fields.

[0008] WO 2019 / 157626 A1 discloses a generator of a wind power plant, which generator has two independent stator coils. In normal operation, the stator coils convert the rotating magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets into electrical energy. When one of the stator coils fails, the other stator coil is controlled such that a magnetic flux is generated that cancels out the magnetic flux of the faulty stator coil. Thereby, a strong electromagnetic field that causes demagnetization of the permanent magnets can be avoided.

[0009] A multiphase motor is known from CN 112 928 956A. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention relates to the problem of presenting an improved or at least a different embodiment for an inductively electrically excited synchronous motor, in which, in the event of a machine fault, the demagnetization of the corresponding rotor coil can be carried out particularly quickly and without overheating.

[0011] According to the invention, this problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0012] The present invention is based on the following basic concept: in the case of a machine fault, the corresponding rotor coil is demagnetized inductively. For this purpose, at least one generator winding is arranged on the stator, which generator winding is arranged on the stator in addition to the corresponding stator coil and in addition to the corresponding transformer primary coil. Thereby, the rotor field of the rotor can be inductively derived from the rotor in the form of electrical energy. Thereby, for example, it is possible to convert the energy derived by the demagnetization of at least one rotor coil into heat outside the rotor or to store it. Thus, additional heat input into the electronic components of the rotor can be avoided. In addition, it is possible to cause this function specifically by means of the motor control unit, i.e., almost simultaneously with the deactivation of the synchronous motor. Thus, the demagnetization can respond more quickly and the demagnetization can be carried out more quickly overall. In other words, according to the present invention, the machine control unit is configured such that the machine control unit demagnetizes the corresponding rotor coil in the case of a machine fault of the synchronous motor.

[0013] Specifically, the present invention proposes that the synchronous motor be equipped with a stator-side demagnetization circuit, which demagnetization circuit has at least one generator winding on the stator. Here, in addition to the corresponding stator coil and in addition to the corresponding transformer primary coil, the corresponding generator winding is present on the stator. The corresponding generator winding is configured and arranged such that a voltage can be induced in the corresponding generator winding by the rotor field, whereby the rotor can ultimately be demagnetized. Suitably, a plurality of generator windings can be provided, which generator windings are arranged on the stator in a circumferentially distributed manner, in particular uniformly. Here, the corresponding generator winding can be arranged on the stator radially inside or radially outside. The circumferential direction surrounds the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation defines a longitudinal direction parallel to the axis of rotation. The radial direction is perpendicular to this axis of rotation.

[0014] According to the present invention, the corresponding consumer and / or the corresponding memory are arranged outside on the stator or outside the stator. Thereby, overheating of the synchronous motor can be effectively avoided.

[0015] Preferably, the synchronous motor is configured as a drive motor or a traction motor for a motor vehicle, which drive motor or traction motor can in particular withstand an electric power of 100 kW to 240 kW, preferably 120 kW to 160 kW, in particular approximately 140 kW.

[0016] In particular, a generator winding can be provided for each stator coil, which is arranged on the stator in a distributed manner in the circumferential direction, in particular uniformly. In this regard, an embodiment is particularly advantageous in which a generator winding can be provided for each stator coil, which is arranged on the respective stator coil. The respective generator winding is then located exactly at the location where energy transmission (i.e. energy transmission into the respective stator winding) is to be avoided. In the case of 1, 2, 3 or n stator coils, 1, 2, 3 or n generator windings are then provided. The number of generator windings then corresponds to the number of stator coils.

[0017] In addition, the demagnetization circuit is equipped with at least one consumer for electrical energy and / or with at least one storage for electrical energy. In addition, the demagnetization circuit proposed here is equipped with at least one switching device for activating and deactivating the demagnetization circuit or the corresponding generator winding. In the present context, "activating" the corresponding generator winding means closing the current circuit connecting the corresponding generator winding with the corresponding consumer or storage so that current can flow therein, while "deactivating" the corresponding generator winding means opening the current circuit connecting the corresponding generator winding with the corresponding consumer or storage so that current cannot flow therein. In this respect, this is equivalent to the switching device being configured for activating and deactivating the demagnetization circuit. Within the demagnetization circuit, the corresponding consumer or the corresponding storage is interconnected with the corresponding generator winding via the corresponding switching device, so that the electrical energy fed into the demagnetization circuit by induction via the corresponding activated generator winding is supplied to the corresponding consumer or the corresponding storage. Therefore, in the case of an activated generator winding, the electrical energy fed by induction can be discharged there to the corresponding consumer or storage. The motor control is coupled to the corresponding switching device and is configured such that, when the synchronous machine is operating normally, the machine control controls the corresponding switching device to deactivate the demagnetization circuit or the corresponding generator winding, and in the event of a machine fault, the machine control controls the corresponding switching device to activate the demagnetization circuit or the corresponding generator winding. Thus, in the event of a machine fault, the machine control can deactivate the corresponding stator coil and / or the corresponding transformer primary coil, for example by ending the current supply, and simultaneously activate the corresponding generator winding, so that the demagnetization circuit is immediately activated in the event of a fault and energy can be removed from the rotor.

[0018] Typically, the stator has a plurality of stator windings, so that a plurality of generator windings are also provided. The generator windings are advantageously interconnected within the demagnetization circuit so that they can jointly supply electrical energy to the corresponding consumers or the corresponding storage. This simplifies the construction of the demagnetization circuit.

[0019] In principle, a separate switching device can be provided for each generator winding. Likewise, a switching device can be assigned to a plurality of generator windings. Preferably, a common switching device can be provided for all generator windings.

[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, the respective generator winding can be arranged radially on the inside on the respective stator coil. The radial direction is perpendicular to the axis of rotation. By positioning the respective generator winding radially on the inside on the respective stator coil, the respective generator winding is located radially between the stator and the rotor and can be loaded directly by the rotor field. The induction on the respective generator winding is then particularly efficient.

[0021] In another advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the corresponding generator winding is arranged radially outside on the corresponding stator coil. Thus, the corresponding generator winding is located on the outside of the stator, which simplifies the extraction of electrical energy from the corresponding generator winding to the corresponding consumer or storage.

[0022] In another advantageous embodiment, the synchronous machine can be multi-phase, preferably three-phase, wherein at least one stator coil is associated with each phase. Accordingly, the synchronous machine has a plurality of stator coils. The demagnetization circuit therefore also has a plurality of generator windings, namely one generator winding per stator coil.

[0023] In another advantageous embodiment, the synchronous machine can be configured in single-phase or multi-phase, wherein each phase is assigned a coil group with two or more stator coils. In the special case where exactly two stator coils of the same phase form a coil group, the coil group forms a coil pair, in which it can be provided in particular that the two assigned stator coils are diametrically opposed. Each stator coil is assigned a respective generator winding. Each coil pair is then also assigned two generator windings, i.e. one generator winding for each stator coil of the coil pair.

[0024] The two embodiments described above can also be combined expediently, so that the synchronous machine is multi-phase, preferably three-phase, wherein each phase is assigned at least one coil pair consisting of two diametrically opposed stator coils. In this case, the number of stator coils also corresponds to the number of generator windings. For example, a three-phase synchronous machine thus has three coil pairs, which have a total of six stator coils, so that the synchronous machine also has six generator windings.

[0025] In another embodiment, the corresponding consumer may be a thermoelectric element that converts electrical energy into heat. For example, the corresponding consumer may have at least one thermal load element. Suitably, the corresponding consumer has a plurality of load elements of this type. Load elements of this type may be, for example, resistors, suppression diodes, or Zener diodes.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, in the event of a machine fault, the machine control unit may terminate the electrical energy supply to the corresponding stator coil and / or to the corresponding transformer primary coil. Here, in order to switch off the synchronous machine, the electrical energy supply to the stator-side coil is approximately switched off.

[0027] In order to be able to rapidly reduce the stator field in the event of a fault, according to an advantageous embodiment, it may be provided that, in order to terminate the electrical energy supply to the corresponding stator coil or when terminating this electrical energy supply, the machine control unit shorts the corresponding stator coil. By such a short-circuiting of the stator coil, the stator field is rapidly reduced in an energy-neutral manner. Optionally, in order to terminate the electrical energy supply to the corresponding transformer primary coil or when terminating this electrical energy supply, the machine control unit may short the corresponding transformer primary coil.

[0028] Other important features and advantages of the invention result from the dependent claims, the drawings, and the associated description of the figures according to the drawings.

[0029] It is obvious that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combinations given accordingly, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the framework of the invention. The separately marked components mentioned above and still to be mentioned below of a superior unit (such as a device, equipment, or assembly) can form separate components or parts of the unit or can be regions or sections that form the unit as a whole, even if this is shown otherwise in the drawings.

[0030] Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description, where the same reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Only Figure 1 Shows a highly simplified, schematic circuit diagram of an inductively electrically excited synchronous machine. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0032] According to Figure 1, the inductive electric excitation synchronous motor 1 includes a rotor 2, a stator 3, and a machine control unit 4. The rotor 2 has at least one rotor coil 5 for generating a rotor magnetic field. In addition, the rotor 2 has at least one transformer secondary coil 6 for supplying electrical energy to the rotor coil 5. For this purpose, the rotor 6 can furthermore be equipped with a rectifier 7, which converts the alternating current from the transformer secondary coil 6 into direct current and supplies the direct current to the rotor coil 5. The rotor 3 is supported on the stator 3 in a rotatable manner about a rotation axis 8. In the example shown, the rotor 2 is configured as an inner rotor or an inner rotating part. However, in principle, embodiments with a rotor 2 configured as an outer rotating part can also be considered.

[0033] The stator 3 has at least one stator coil 9 for generating a stator magnetic field. In addition, the stator 3 has at least one transformer primary coil 10 for inductively transmitting electrical energy to the corresponding transformer secondary coil 6. The corresponding transformer primary coil 10 and the corresponding transformer secondary coil 6 form a rotating transformer 25 for the inductive electric external excitation of the rotor field. Different from Figure 1 the schematic diagram, the rotating transformer 25 is generally arranged axially on the synchronous motor 1. Then, the transformer primary coil 10 is located on the stator 3 at the axial end side of the synchronous motor 1, while the transformer secondary coil 6 is located on the rotor at the same axial end side of the synchronous motor 1 and is directly opposed to the transformer primary coil 10.

[0034] The machine control unit 4 is used to operate the synchronous motor 1 as a motor and / or as a generator. For this purpose, the machine control unit 4 can be equipped with an inverter device 11, which is connected to an electrical energy storage device, such as a battery, not shown here, and the inverter device can in particular include an inverse rectifier not shown here. The machine control unit 4 is coupled to the corresponding stator coil 9 via a corresponding coil line 12. In the example shown, the coil line 12 is attached to the inverter device 11. The machine control unit 4 is coupled to the corresponding transformer primary coil 10 via at least one transformer line 13. Here, the corresponding transformer line 13 can be attached to a transformer control device 14, which forms a component of the machine control unit 4.

[0035] Now, the machine control unit 4 is designed such that it demagnetizes the corresponding rotor coil 5 in the event of a machine fault in the synchronous motor 1. For this purpose, the machine control unit 4 is equipped with a demagnetization circuit 15, and two alternative configurations of this demagnetization circuit are shown simultaneously in Figure 1 where one variant is labeled 15 and the other variant is labeled 15'.

[0036] Then, the corresponding settings also apply to the components of the corresponding demagnetization circuit 15 or 15'.

[0037] The demagnetization circuit 15 or 15' has at least one generator winding 16, 16'. Preferably, a plurality of generator windings 16, 16' are provided, and the generator windings are arranged on the stator 3 in a manner distributed in the circumferential direction 24 indicated by the double arrow. In the example shown here of a preferred embodiment, the demagnetization circuits 15, 15' each have a generator winding 16 or 16' for each stator coil 9. In Figure 1 the example, the stator 3 has a plurality of stator coils 9. Each of these stator coils 9 is respectively equipped with such a generator winding 16 or 16'. However, in Figure 1 , as a representative of all the stator coils 9, only the assigned generator windings 16, 16' are shown for one stator coil 9. The demagnetization circuit 15 or 15' has at least one switching device 17 or 17', which is used to activate and deactivate the demagnetization circuit 15, 15' or the corresponding generator windings 16, 16'. Preferably, a common switching device 17, 17' is provided for activating and deactivating all the generator windings 16, 16'. In addition, the demagnetization circuits 15, 15' are equipped with at least one consumer 18, 18' for electrical energy and / or are equipped with at least one memory 19, 19' for electrical energy. The corresponding consumer 18, 18' or the corresponding memory 19, 19' is interconnected with the corresponding generator winding 16, 16' in the demagnetization circuit 15, 15' via the corresponding switching device 17, 17'. Here, the interconnection is configured such that in the case of the activated generator windings 16, 16', the electrical energy induced in the corresponding activated generator windings 16, 16' is supplied to the corresponding consumer 18, 18' or the corresponding memory 19, 19'. If such a memory 19, 19' is used and depending on the characteristics of the consumer 18, 18', a converter circuit (not shown here) can be suitably connected upstream of the memory 19, 19' or the consumer 18, 18'.

[0038] Now, the motor control unit 4 is coupled to the corresponding switching device 17, 17'. For this purpose, corresponding control lines 20 or 20' can be provided, which connect the corresponding switching device 17, 17' to the corresponding control device 21 of the machine control unit 4. Here, the transformer control device 14 can be integrated into the inverter device 11. Here, the control device 21 can be integrated into the inverter device 11. In particular, the control device 21 can be configured such that it controls the inverter device 11 via the corresponding control line 22. In addition, the control device 21 can monitor the normal operation of the synchronous motor 1. In particular, the control device 21 can identify the occurrence of a machine fault, preferably the occurrence of a defined machine fault, which triggers the deactivation of the synchronous motor 1. The machine fault can be, for example, a short circuit of one of the stator coils 9.

[0039] Now, the machine control unit 4 or the control device 21 of this machine control unit is configured such that in the event of a machine failure, on the one hand, the machine control unit or the control device ends the power supply to the corresponding stator coil 9 and to the corresponding transformer primary coil 10, and on the other hand, synchronously controls the corresponding switching devices 17, 17' to activate the demagnetization circuits 15, 15' or the corresponding generator windings 16, 16'. In the case of the activated demagnetization circuits 15, 15', the rotor field induces a voltage in the corresponding generator windings 16, 16', and then this voltage is supplied as electrical energy to the corresponding consumers 18, 18' or the corresponding memories 19, 19' within the demagnetization circuits 15, 15'. Thereby, the rotor 2 or the corresponding rotor coil 5 is demagnetized. Supercritical voltages and currents within the synchronous machine 1 can thereby be avoided. Thereby, overheating of electronic components can also be avoided. During normal operation of the synchronous machine 1, the motor control unit 4 or the control device 21 controls the switching devices 17, 17' to deactivate the demagnetization circuits 15, 15' or the corresponding generator windings 16, 16'.

[0040] In a variant shown in Figure 1 the corresponding generator winding 16 is arranged radially inside the corresponding stator coil 9. Thereby, the corresponding generator winding 16 is approximately radially located between the rotor 2 and the stator 3. In a further variant shown in Figure 1 the corresponding generator winding 16' is arranged radially outside the corresponding stator coil 9. Here, the corresponding generator windings 16, 16' can be wound with the winding of the stator coil 9 and / or wound onto the same pole shoes onto which the corresponding stator coil 9 is also wound.

[0041] In Figure 1 the example of, the synchronous machine 1 is configured polyphase, i.e., three-phase. These three phases are labeled here with U, V, and W. Each of these phases U, V, W is assigned at least one stator coil 9. In Figure 1In the example, each phase U, V, W is assigned a pair of coils, which consists of two radially opposed stator coils 9. Thus, six stator coils 9 are provided here. Then, correspondingly, six generator windings 16 or 16' are also provided. Suitably, all the generator windings 16, 16' are interconnected in a common demagnetization circuit 15, 15'. Then, in order to activate and deactivate the generator windings 16, 16', a common switching device 17, 17' can be provided. It is also possible to consider providing a plurality of switching devices 17, 17'. In particular, it is possible to consider that each generator winding 16, 16' is assigned an individual switching device 17, 17'. Suitably, all the generator windings 16, 16' are commonly assigned to a corresponding consumer 18, 18' or a corresponding memory 19, 19'. Then, preferably, a common consumer 18, 18' or a common memory 19, 19' is used, to which all the generator windings 16, 16' are assigned.

[0042] Suitably, the corresponding consumer 18, 18' or the corresponding memory 19, 19' is arranged on the outside of the stator 3 or outside the stator 3. In Figure 1 the stator housing 23 is marked, in which the stator winding 9 is arranged. Now, the corresponding consumer 18, 18' or the corresponding memory 19, 19' can be arranged on the outside of the stator housing 23.

[0043] In the event of a machine fault, the motor control unit 4 or the control device 21 can terminate the power supply to the corresponding stator coil 9 and especially also to the corresponding transformer primary coil 10. Substantially simultaneously, in the event of a machine fault, the machine control unit 4 or the control device 21 can control the corresponding switching device 17, 17' to activate the corresponding generator winding 16, 16' or the demagnetization circuit 15, 15'. Optionally, in order to terminate the power supply to the corresponding stator coil 9 or to the corresponding transformer primary coil 10 or when terminating the power supply, the machine control unit 4 or the control device 21 can at least short-circuit the stator coil 9. Short-circuiting of the corresponding transformer primary coil 10 can also be considered.

Claims

1. An inductively electrically excited synchronous machine (1), comprising: - a rotor (2) having at least one rotor coil (5) for generating a rotor magnetic field; - a stator (3) on which the rotor (2) is supported so as to be rotatable about a rotational axis (8), and the stator having at least one stator coil (9) for generating a stator magnetic field; - A rotating transformer (25) for inductively transmitting electrical energy to a respective rotor coil (5), the rotating transformer having at least one transformer primary coil (10) fixed to the stator and at least one transformer secondary coil (6) fixed to the rotor, wherein, Corresponding transformer primary coils (10) for inductively transferring electrical energy to corresponding transformer secondary coils (6), and the corresponding transformer secondary coils (6) for supplying electrical energy to corresponding rotor coils (5); - a machine control unit (4) coupled to the corresponding stator coils (9) and to the corresponding transformer primary coils (10) for operating the synchronous machine (1) as a motor and / or as a generator, - wherein the synchronous machine (1) further has a demagnetization circuit (15, 15'), the demagnetization circuit having at least one generator winding (16, 16') arranged on the stator (3), - wherein the demagnetization circuit (15, 15') has at least one switching device (17, 17') for activating and deactivating the demagnetization circuit (15, 15'), - wherein the demagnetization circuit (15, 15') has at least one consumer (18, 18') of electrical energy and / or at least one memory (19, 19') for electrical energy, the consumer and / or the memory being interconnected via the corresponding switching device (17, 17') to the corresponding generator winding (16, 16') such that, in the case of an activated demagnetization circuit (15, 15'), the electrical energy inductively fed into the corresponding generator winding (16, 16') is supplied to the corresponding consumer (18, 18') and / or the corresponding memory (19, 19'), - wherein the machine control unit (4) is coupled to the corresponding switching device (17, 17') and is configured such that, during normal operation of the synchronous machine (1), the machine control unit controls the corresponding switching device (17, 17') to deactivate the demagnetization circuit (15, 15'), and in the event of a machine fault, the machine control unit controls the corresponding switching device (17, 17') to activate the demagnetization circuit (15, 15'), wherein the corresponding consumer (18, 18') and / or the corresponding memory (19, 19') are arranged externally on the stator (3) or outside the stator (3).

2. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the demagnetization circuit (15, 15') has a plurality of generator windings (16, 16') arranged in a circumferentially distributed manner on the stator (3).

3. The synchronous machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The demagnetization circuit (15, 15') has a generator winding (16, 16') for each stator coil (9), and the generator windings are arranged on the stator (3) in a circumferentially distributed manner.

4. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the demagnetization circuit (15, 15') has a generator winding (16, 16') for each stator coil (9), and the generator windings are arranged on the corresponding stator coils (9).

5. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the corresponding generator windings (16, 16') are arranged on the corresponding stator coils (9) on the radially inner side.

6. The synchronous machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the corresponding generator winding (16') is arranged on the corresponding stator coil (9) on the radially outer side.

7. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the synchronous machine (1) is configured polyphase, wherein at least one stator coil (9) is assigned to each phase (U, V, W).

8. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the synchronous machine (1) is configured single-phase or polyphase, wherein a coil group composed of a plurality of stator coils (9) or a coil pair composed of two radially opposed stator coils (9) is assigned to each phase (U, V, W).

9. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the corresponding consumers (18, 18') have at least one thermoelectric element that converts electrical energy into heat.

10. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the event of a machine fault, the machine control unit (4) ends the power supply to the corresponding stator coil (9) and / or to the corresponding transformer primary coil (10).

11. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the machine control unit (4) shorts the corresponding stator coil (9) and / or the corresponding transformer primary coil (10).

12. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - the stator (3) has a plurality of stator coils (9), and the stator coils are respectively assigned generator windings (16, 16'), - the corresponding consumers (18, 18') and / or the corresponding memories (19, 19') are jointly assigned to a plurality of generator windings (16, 16') or all generator windings (16, 16').

13. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - the stator (3) has a plurality of stator coils (9), and the stator coils are respectively assigned generator windings (16, 16'), - the corresponding switching devices (17, 17') are jointly assigned to a plurality of generator windings (16, 16') or all generator windings (16, 16').

14. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that The synchronous machine (1) is configured in three phases.

15. The synchronous machine (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that when ending the power supply to the respective stator coil (9) and / or to the respective transformer primary coil (10) or in order to end said power supply, the machine control unit (4) shorts the respective stator coil (9) and / or the respective transformer primary coil (10).

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