Special equipment static conductive fireproof and heat insulation coating

Abstract

The application provides a special equipment static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating and relates to the field of functional coating. The static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating is coated on the outer surface of a metal substrate or a composite polymer material (100), and comprises, from the outer surface of the metal substrate or the composite polymer material (100) to the outer layer, a corrosion-resistant layer (10), a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer (20), a fireproof functional layer (30) and a static-conducting functional layer (40) in sequence. The high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer (20) is composed of a second film-forming material, a low-thermal-conductivity filler and a second functional additive; the fireproof functional layer (30) is composed of a third film-forming material and an intumescent flame retardant; and the static-conducting functional layer (40) is composed of a fourth film-forming material, a static-conducting filler and a third functional additive. The static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating can quickly conduct surface charges and prevent charge accumulation. In addition, the static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating can solve the problems of existing fireproof and heat-insulating layers, such as heat-insulating hysteresis, poor connection tightness, easy cracking and falling off and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of functional coating technology, in particular to a special equipment used static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating. BACKGROUND

[0002] Some special equipment containing flammable and explosive components are sensitive to static electricity and high temperature. However, these special equipment in the links of transportation, storage, detection, maintenance, etc. may cause explosion or fire due to static electricity accumulation, or may cause explosion or secondary hazards due to temperature-sensitive components in high temperature environment. Therefore, in order to prevent the influence of static electricity or high temperature in fire environment on the safety performance of special equipment, the electrically conductive metal grounding treatment or the spraying of static electricity guide coating is usually used for static electricity prevention, and the thermal insulation cotton, thermal insulation coating, fireproof coating and other methods are used for high temperature protection.

[0003] However, for special equipment with complex structure, it is not easy to fix with thermal insulation cotton, and the organic thermal insulation coating is easy to decompose and fall off in a high temperature environment above 300℃, and the inorganic thermal insulation coating is easy to crack. The fireproof coating has hysteresis and cannot be insulated in time (the fireproof coating itself does not have insulation function, it mainly absorbs part of the heat through carbonization decomposition at high temperature, forms a dense carbonized layer in the decomposition process, and further blocks the heat transfer by using the low thermal conductivity of the carbonized layer. Therefore, the insulation effect of the fireproof coating is not obvious at the initial stage of high temperature, that is, the initial stage of carbonization decomposition. Only when the carbonized layer is continuously formed, the heat transfer will be significantly reduced. It can be seen that the existing thermal insulation material has the problems of not easy to fix, easy to crack and fall off, and hysteresis of thermal insulation. At the same time, research shows that the existing 2mm thick fireproof insulation layer can reach a surface temperature of more than 180℃ under the high temperature of hydrocarbon flame for 5min, the temperature rises to about 210℃ after 10min, and the temperature is about 350℃ after 1h. Therefore, using the existing fireproof insulation layer for temperature-sensitive equipment below 200℃ cannot achieve effective insulation protection effect, and may cause equipment abnormal working state, damage and other problems. In addition, the existing static electricity guide coating is usually made of nickel, silver-coated copper, silver and other metal powders, which has poor stability and is easy to settle, which can easily affect the functionality of the entire coating. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a special equipment used static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating, which can quickly guide the surface charge and prevent the accumulation of electric charge, thereby avoiding the hidden dangers such as explosion or fire caused by static electricity accumulation. At the same time, the static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating can effectively solve the problems of hysteresis of the existing fireproof insulation layer, poor connection tightness, easy cracking and falling off, etc., and has good insulation effect and high stability in high temperature environment.

[0005] The object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The special equipment is provided with a static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating, which is coated on the outer surface of a metal substrate or a composite polymer material, and comprises, from the outer surface of the metal substrate or the composite polymer material outward, a corrosion-resistant layer, a high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating layer, a fireproof functional layer, and a static-conducting functional layer; the high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating layer is composed of a second film-forming material, a low-thermal-conductivity filler, and a second functional additive; the fireproof functional layer is composed of a third film-forming material and an intumescent flame retardant; and the static-conducting functional layer is composed of a fourth film-forming material, a static-conducting filler, and a third functional additive.

[0007] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the corrosion-resistant layer has a thickness of 30-50 mu m, the high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating layer has a thickness of 1.5-2.0 mm, the fireproof functional layer has a thickness of 1.0-1.5 mm, and the static-conducting functional layer has a thickness of 20-40 mu m; and the total thickness of the static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating is not greater than 3.0 mm.

[0008] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the corrosion-resistant layer is composed of a first film-forming material, a corrosion-resistant functional filler, and a first functional additive (filler); the first film-forming material is any one of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, and phenolic epoxy resin; the corrosion-resistant functional filler is a combination of multiple kinds selected from zinc powder, zinc phosphate, polyphosphoric acid zinc, graphene, zinc chrome yellow, and aluminum tripolyphosphate; and the first functional additive (filler) is graphene material.

[0009] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the mass ratio of the first film-forming material, the corrosion-resistant functional filler, and the first functional additive (filler) is 10-20:10-18:3-8.

[0010] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the mass ratio of the second film-forming material, the low-thermal-conductivity filler, and the second functional additive is 15-30:10-20:5-10.

[0011] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the second film-forming material is any one of phenolic resin, polyimide resin, silicone resin, and modified silicone resin; the low-thermal-conductivity filler is a mixture of hydrophilic modified silica aerogel and polymer hollow microspheres, and the mass ratio of the surface modified silica aerogel and the polymer hollow microspheres is 10-25:3-10; and the second functional additive is carbon fiber, which is composed of two lengths of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, and the mass ratio of the 0.5 mm carbon fiber and the 1.5 mm carbon fiber is 2-5:1-3.

[0012] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the polymer hollow microspheres are hollow microspheres with any one of polyacrylic acid, polyaniline, polysiloxane, and phenolic resin as wall material.

[0013] Further optimization based on the above scheme, the mass ratio of the third film-forming substance to the intumescent flame retardant is 10-30: 50-75.

[0014] Further optimization based on the above scheme, the third film-forming substance uses a medium glass transition temperature acrylic resin and a high glass transition temperature acrylic resin, and the mass ratio between them is 2-4: 1 (compounding two different glass transition temperature acrylic resins can effectively balance the construction performance and hardness, and avoid problems such as cracking in thick coating); the intumescent flame retardant includes APP microcapsules, expanded graphite, and a high molecular weight polymer, and the mass ratio between them is 5-10: 5-15: 30-50.

[0015] Further optimization based on the above scheme, the APP microcapsules are capsules with a diameter of 100-200 μm, using amino resin as the wall material and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as the core material.

[0016] Further optimization based on the above scheme, the high molecular weight polymer is synthesized using phenyl phosphinic dichloride and piperazine as raw materials.

[0017] The intumescent flame retardant composed of APP microcapsules, expanded graphite, and a high molecular weight polymer is mixed with the third film-forming substance composed of two different glass transition temperature acrylic resins to form a fireproof functional layer. The high molecular polymer containing phosphorus and nitrogen is mixed with expanded graphite and APP microcapsules to form a flame retardant, ensuring the uniformity of the fireproof functional layer material and avoiding problems such as bulging and concave caused by unevenness during the foaming process, which affects the uniformity of the entire coating (avoiding weak points caused by uneven heat insulation of the coating). At the same time, by matching the expanded graphite with carbon fibers of different lengths in the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer, the carbon fibers can fill the voids of the expanded graphite during the foaming process of the fireproof functional layer, improving the interfacial bonding force between the fireproof functional layer and the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer, avoiding the peeling of the fireproof functional layer caused by foaming and carbonization, and improving the thermal insulation performance of the interface between the two layers. In addition, the extrusion of the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer during the foaming and carbonization process of the fireproof functional layer improves the density of the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer, effectively blocking heat, realizing the coordinated thermal insulation effect between the fireproof functional layer and the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer, significantly reducing the heat transfer, and avoiding the serious aging or damage of temperature-sensitive equipment in high-temperature environments. The low thermal conductivity filler composed of modified silica aerogel and polymer hollow microspheres and the carbon fibers of different lengths can also realize the buffering of the foaming process of the fireproof functional layer, avoiding the cracking of the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer caused by the extrusion of the fireproof functional layer, and further affecting the thermal insulation performance.

[0018] Further optimization based on the above scheme, the mass ratio of the fourth film-forming substance, the conductive static filler and the third functional additive is 10-15:20-30:1-9.

[0019] Further optimization based on the above scheme, the fourth film-forming substance uses a medium glass transition temperature acrylic polymer; the conductive static filler uses a mixture of conductive titanium white powder, conductive carbon nanotube and graphene nanometer powder, and their mass ratio is 25-50:5-15:10-20; the third functional additive uses a mixture of a nanometer material special dispersing wetting agent (for example: SN-1035 wetting dispersant) and a polyurea type rheological additive (for example: BYK-410 rheological additive), and their mass ratio is 10-20:5-15.

[0020] The conductive static filler composed of conductive titanium white powder, conductive carbon nanotube and graphene nanometer powder forms a conductive static functional layer with the medium glass transition temperature acrylic polymer and the third functional additive. Firstly, the unique nanometer occlusion adhesion mechanism of carbon nanotube is used to improve the coating adhesion between the conductive static functional layer and the fireproof functional layer, so as to avoid the peeling of the conductive static functional layer and improve the stability of the whole conductive static functional layer. Secondly, through the dispersing wetting agent and the rheological additive, the stable dispersion and uniform distribution of conductive titanium white powder, graphene nanometer powder and other materials are ensured by using the loose arrangement characteristics, so as to effectively avoid the sedimentation of the conductive static functional layer and realize the rapid drainage of surface charge.

[0021] The following are the technical effects of the present application scheme:

[0022] The conductive static fireproof and heat insulation coating coated on the outer surface of metal or composite polymer material has the characteristics of thin thickness, light weight, high construction efficiency, etc. The whole coating structure is dense, has high adhesion strength and is not easy to fall off. The adhesion strength of the coating is ≥2.0MPa, and the coating has excellent water resistance, light aging resistance, salt spray resistance and other performances.

[0023] At the same time, the whole conductive static fireproof and heat insulation coating has good conductive static effect, can quickly and effectively drain the charge on the surface of the coating, prevent charge accumulation, avoid the hazards such as fire and explosion caused by charge accumulation, and the surface resistance of the coating is 10 4 Ω-10 6Ω (GB / T 31838.3-2019). In addition, the whole electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating has excellent fireproof and thermal insulation performance, can foam and carbonize rapidly under flame ablation, the foaming ratio is more than 45 times, and through the cooperation of the high-temperature resistant thermal insulation layer and the fireproof functional layer, the problem of foaming process lag of the fireproof functional layer in the initial high temperature is effectively avoided; the whole electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating can ensure that the cold surface temperature is below 200 DEG C after being burned at a high temperature of 800-1000 DEG C for more than 1 h, the overall thermal conductivity of the coating is not more than 0.08 W / m.K (GB / T 10295-2008), thereby effectively prolonging the stable time of temperature sensitive equipment at high temperature, providing time guarantee for the implementation of remedial measures in the event of fire and other emergencies, and reducing unnecessary losses caused by secondary hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Wherein, 100, metal substrate or composite polymer material, 10, corrosion protection layer; 20, high-temperature resistant thermal insulation layer; 30, fireproof functional layer; 40, electrostatic conductive functional layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] The application discloses a special equipment static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating, which is coated on the outer surface of a metal substrate or a composite polymer material 100 and comprises, from the outer surface of the metal substrate or the composite polymer material 100, an anticorrosion layer 10, a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20, a fireproof functional layer 30 and a static-conducting functional layer 40 in sequence. The thickness of the anticorrosion layer 10 is 30 microns, and the anticorrosion layer 10 is composed of a first film-forming substance, an anticorrosion functional filler and a first functional additive (filler), wherein the mass ratio of the first film-forming substance, the anticorrosion functional filler and the first functional additive (filler) is 10:10:3, the first film-forming substance is bisphenol A type epoxy resin, the anticorrosion functional filler is a combination of zinc powder, zinc phosphate and polyphosphoric zinc, and the first functional additive (filler) is graphene material. The thickness of the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20 is 1.5 mm, and the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20 is composed of a second film-forming substance, a low-thermal-conductivity filler and a second functional additive, wherein the mass ratio of the second film-forming substance, the low-thermal-conductivity filler and the second functional additive is 15:10:5, the second film-forming substance is phenolic resin, the low-thermal-conductivity filler is a mixture of hydrophilic modified silica aerogel and polymer hollow microspheres, the mass ratio of the surface modified silica aerogel and the polymer hollow microspheres is 10:3, the polymer hollow microspheres are hollow microspheres with polyacrylic acid polymer as wall material, and the second functional additive is carbon fiber, which is composed of two lengths of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber of 0.5 mm to the carbon fiber of 1.5 mm is 2:1. The thickness of the fireproof functional layer 30 is 1.4 mm, and the fireproof functional layer 30 is composed of a third film-forming substance and an intumescent flame retardant, wherein the mass ratio of the third film-forming substance and the intumescent flame retardant is 10:50, the third film-forming substance is a medium glass transition temperature acrylic resin and a high glass transition temperature acrylic resin, and the mass ratio between them is 2:1, and the intumescent flame retardant comprises APP microcapsules (the APP microcapsules are capsules with amino resin as wall material, ammonium polyphosphate as core material and a diameter of 100-200 microns), expanded graphite and a high molecular weight polymer, and the mass ratio among them is 5:5:30, and the high molecular weight polymer is synthesized from phenyl phosphine dichloride and piperazine as raw materials. The thickness of the static-conducting functional layer 40 is 20 microns, and the static-conducting functional layer 40 is composed of a fourth film-forming substance, a static-conducting filler and a third functional additive, wherein the mass ratio of the fourth film-forming substance, the static-conducting filler and the third functional additive is 10:20:1, the fourth film-forming substance is a medium glass transition temperature acrylic polymer, the static-conducting filler is a mixture of conductive titanium white powder, conductive carbon nanotube and graphene nanometer powder, and the mass ratio among them is 25:5:10, and the third functional additive is a mixture of a nano material special dispersion wetting agent (such as SN-1035 wetting dispersant) and a polyurea type rheological additive (such as BYK-410 rheological additive), and the mass ratio among them is 10:5.

[0029] Example 2:

[0030] The application discloses a special equipment static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating, which is coated on the outer surface of a metal substrate or a composite polymer material 100 and comprises, from the outer surface of the metal substrate or the composite polymer material 100, an anticorrosion layer 10, a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20, a fireproof functional layer 30 and a static-conducting functional layer 40 in sequence. The thickness of the anticorrosion layer 10 is 40 microns, and the anticorrosion layer 10 is composed of a first film-forming substance, an anticorrosion functional filler and a first functional additive (filler), wherein the mass ratio of the first film-forming substance, the anticorrosion functional filler and the first functional additive (filler) is 15:14:5, the first film-forming substance is bisphenol F epoxy resin, the anticorrosion functional filler is a combination of polyphosphoric zinc, graphene, zinc chrome yellow and aluminum tripolyphosphate, and the first functional additive (filler) is graphene material. The thickness of the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20 is 1.7 mm, and the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20 is composed of a second film-forming substance, a low-thermal-conductivity filler and a second functional additive, wherein the mass ratio of the second film-forming substance, the low-thermal-conductivity filler and the second functional additive is 22:15:7, the second film-forming substance is polyimide resin, the low-thermal-conductivity filler is a mixture of hydrophilic modified silica aerogel and polymer hollow microspheres, the mass ratio of the surface modified silica aerogel and the polymer hollow microspheres is 17:6, the polymer hollow microspheres are hollow microspheres with polysiloxane polymer as wall material, and the second functional additive is carbon fiber which is composed of two lengths of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber of 0.5 mm and the carbon fiber of 1.5 mm is 3:2. The thickness of the fireproof functional layer 30 is 1.2 mm, and the fireproof functional layer 30 is composed of a third film-forming substance and an intumescent flame retardant, wherein the mass ratio of the third film-forming substance and the intumescent flame retardant is 20:62, the third film-forming substance is a combination of medium-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin and high-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin, and the mass ratio between the medium-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin and the high-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin is 3:1; the intumescent flame retardant comprises APP microcapsules (the APP microcapsules are capsules with amino resin as wall material and ammonium polyphosphate as core material, and the diameter is 100-200 microns), expanded graphite and high-molecular-weight polymer, and the mass ratio among the APP microcapsules, the expanded graphite and the high-molecular-weight polymer is 7:10:40, and the high-molecular-weight polymer is synthesized from phenyl phosphinic dichloride and piperazine as raw materials. The thickness of the static-conducting functional layer 40 is 30 microns, and the static-conducting functional layer 40 is composed of a fourth film-forming substance, a static-conducting filler and a third functional additive, wherein the mass ratio of the fourth film-forming substance, the static-conducting filler and the third functional additive is 12:25:5, the fourth film-forming substance is medium-glass-transition-temperature acrylic polymer, the static-conducting filler is a mixture of conductive titanium white powder, conductive carbon nanotube and graphene nanometer powder, and the mass ratio among the conductive titanium white powder, the conductive carbon nanotube and the graphene nanometer powder is 37:10:15; and the third functional additive is a mixture of a nanometer material special dispersing wetting agent (such as SN-1035 wetting dispersant) and a polyurea type rheological additive (such as BYK-410 rheological additive), and the mass ratio between the nanometer material special dispersing wetting agent and the polyurea type rheological additive is 15:10.

[0031] Example 3:

[0032] The application discloses a special equipment static-conducting fireproof and heat-insulating coating, which is coated on the outer surface of a metal substrate or a composite polymer material 100 and comprises, from the outer surface of the metal substrate or the composite polymer material 100, an anticorrosion layer 10, a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20, a fireproof functional layer 30 and a static-conducting functional layer 40 in sequence. The thickness of the anticorrosion layer 10 is 50 microns, and the anticorrosion layer 10 is composed of a first film-forming substance, an anticorrosion functional filler and a first functional additive (filler). The mass ratio of the first film-forming substance, the anticorrosion functional filler and the first functional additive (filler) is 20:18:8. The first film-forming substance is a phenolic epoxy resin, the anticorrosion functional filler is a combination of zinc powder, zinc phosphate, polyphosphoric zinc, graphene, zinc chrome yellow and aluminum tripolyphosphate, and the first functional additive (filler) is graphene material. The thickness of the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20 is 1.9 mm, and the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 20 is composed of a second film-forming substance, a low-thermal-conductivity filler and a second functional additive. The mass ratio of the second film-forming substance, the low-thermal-conductivity filler and the second functional additive is 30:20:10. The second film-forming substance is an organic silicon resin. The low-thermal-conductivity filler is a mixture of hydrophilic modified silica aerogel and polymer hollow microspheres. The mass ratio of the surface modified silica aerogel and the polymer hollow microspheres is 25:10. The polymer hollow microspheres are hollow microspheres with phenolic resin polymer as wall material. The second functional additive is carbon fiber, which is composed of two lengths of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm. The mass ratio of the 0.5 mm carbon fiber and the 1.5 mm carbon fiber is 5:3. The thickness of the fireproof functional layer 30 is 1.0 mm, and the fireproof functional layer 30 is composed of a third film-forming substance and an intumescent flame retardant. The mass ratio of the third film-forming substance and the intumescent flame retardant is 30:75. The third film-forming substance is a medium glass transition temperature acrylic resin and a high glass transition temperature acrylic resin, and the mass ratio between them is 4:1. The intumescent flame retardant comprises APP microcapsules (the APP microcapsules are capsules with amino resin as wall material and polyphosphoric ammonium as core material, and the diameter is 100-200 microns), expanded graphite and high molecular weight polymer. The mass ratio between them is 10:15:50. The high molecular weight polymer is synthesized by using phenyl phosphine dichloride and piperazine as raw materials. The thickness of the static-conducting functional layer 40 is 40 microns, and the static-conducting functional layer 40 is composed of a fourth film-forming substance, a static-conducting filler and a third functional additive. The mass ratio of the fourth film-forming substance, the static-conducting filler and the third functional additive is 15:30:9. The fourth film-forming substance is a medium glass transition temperature acrylic polymer. The static-conducting filler is a mixture of conductive titanium white powder, conductive carbon nanotube and graphene nanometer powder, and the mass ratio between them is 50:15:20. The third functional additive is a mixture of a nano material special dispersion wetting agent (such as SN-1035 wetting dispersant) and a polyurea type rheological additive (such as BYK-410 rheological additive), and the mass ratio between them is 20:15.

[0033] Comparative Example 1

[0034] A special equipment with static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating, the structure of the static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating layer design and coating method are the same as in example 2, wherein, the thickness and composition of the corrosion resistant layer 10 are consistent with example 2; the thickness of the high temperature resistant thermal insulation layer 20 is consistent with example 2, the high temperature resistant thermal insulation layer 20 is composed of second film forming material, low thermal conductivity filler and second functional additive, the mass ratio of the second film forming material, low thermal conductivity filler and second functional additive is 22:15:7, the second film forming material adopts polyimide resin; the low thermal conductivity filler is consistent with the low thermal conductivity filler component in example 2; the second functional additive adopts 0.5mm carbon fiber. The thickness and composition of the fireproof functional layer 30 are consistent with example 2; the thickness and composition of the static electricity guide functional layer 40 are consistent with example 2.

[0035] Comparative example 2:

[0036] A special equipment with static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating, the structure of the static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating layer design and coating method are the same as in example 2, wherein, the thickness and composition of the corrosion resistant layer 10 are consistent with example 2; the thickness of the high temperature resistant thermal insulation layer 20 is consistent with example 2, the high temperature resistant thermal insulation layer 20 is composed of second film forming material, low thermal conductivity filler and second functional additive, the mass ratio of the second film forming material, low thermal conductivity filler and second functional additive is 22:15:7, the second film forming material adopts polyimide resin; the low thermal conductivity filler is consistent with the low thermal conductivity filler component in example 2; the second functional additive adopts 1.5mm carbon fiber. The thickness and composition of the fireproof functional layer 30 are consistent with example 2; the thickness and composition of the static electricity guide functional layer 40 are consistent with example 2.

[0037] Comparative example 3:

[0038] A special equipment with static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating, the structure of the static electricity guide fireproof thermal insulation coating layer design and coating method are the same as in example 2, wherein, the thickness and composition of the corrosion resistant layer 10 are consistent with example 2; the thickness and composition of the high temperature resistant thermal insulation layer 20 are consistent with example 2. The thickness of the fireproof functional layer 30 is consistent with example 2, the fireproof functional layer 30 is composed of third film forming material and intumescent flame retardant, the mass ratio of the third film forming material and intumescent flame retardant is 20:62, the third film forming material adopts acrylic resin with medium glass transition temperature and acrylic resin with high glass transition temperature, the mass ratio between them is 3:1; the intumescent flame retardant includes APP microcapsule (APP microcapsule is a capsule with a diameter of 100-200μm, which is made of amino resin as wall material and ammonium polyphosphate as core material), ordinary graphite and high molecular weight polymer, the mass ratio between them is 7:10:40, the high molecular weight polymer is synthesized from phenyl phosphinic dichloride and piperazine. The thickness and composition of the static electricity guide functional layer 40 are consistent with example 2.

[0039] Test verification: first, 5mm stainless steel plate is used to manufacture 500x500mm flat sample:

[0040] Test one, water resistance test: the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in comparative examples 1-3 are respectively coated on the flat sample (uniformly coated on the outer circle of the flat sample), and then 480h of water resistance test is carried out. The electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in comparative examples 1-3 do not have problems such as blistering and rusting.

[0041] Test two, light aging test: the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in comparative examples 1-3 are respectively coated on the flat sample (uniformly coated on the outer circle of the flat sample), and then 360h of light aging test (GB / T 1766-2008) is carried out. The electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in comparative examples 1-3 reach the level of "0" grade.

[0042] Test three, corrosion resistance test: the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in comparative examples 1-3 are respectively coated on the flat sample (uniformly coated on the outer circle of the flat sample), and then more than 800h of salt spray test (GB / T 1771-2007) is carried out. The electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in comparative examples 1-3 meet the requirements of more than 800h of salt spray corrosion resistance.

[0043] Test four, heat resistance test:

[0044] The electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating in comparative examples 1-3 are respectively coated on the flat sample (one side of the flat sample is coated with the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating), and then a natural gas combustion furnace is used for test. The test conditions refer to the requirements of 6.1.1 in GB / T 9978.1-2008. The applied temperature increases nonlinearly with time. When the flame temperature reaches 800℃, the stainless steel plate coated with the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating is immediately placed in the flame, with the side of the stainless steel plate coated with the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating facing the flame. The flame temperature (i.e. hot surface temperature) is kept at 800-1000℃. Two thermocouples are uniformly arranged on the side of the stainless steel plate not coated with the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating (i.e. the cold side away from the side coated with the electrostatic conductive fireproof and thermal insulation coating). The test results are as follows in table 1:

[0045] Table 1:

[0046]

[0047] The test results show that the heat insulation effect of the heat-resistant insulation layer 20 composed of carbon fibers with different lengths and the fireproof functional layer 30 composed of the intumescent flame retardant composed of APP microcapsules, expanded graphite and a high molecular weight polymer and the third film-forming material is the best, because in the foaming and carbonization process of the fireproof functional layer 30, the carbon fibers with different lengths fill the gaps of the expanded graphite, thereby improving the interface bonding density of the heat-resistant insulation layer 20 and the fireproof functional layer 30, so as to effectively improve the heat insulation performance; at the same time, because the expanded graphite has the characteristics of loose structure, porous and curved, large surface area, and good softness, resilience and plasticity, the uniformity between the expanded graphite and the specific APP microcapsules and the high molecular weight polymer is enhanced, thereby avoiding the unevenness in the foaming and carbonization process of the fireproof functional layer 30, and affecting the overall heat insulation performance.

[0048] Test five, coating adhesion strength test:

[0049] The electrostatic conductive fireproof and heat-insulating coating in Example 2 and the electrostatic conductive fireproof and heat-insulating coatings in Comparative Examples 1-3 are respectively coated on flat plate samples, and flame ablation is carried out at a temperature of about 800°C for 60 min, and then the coating adhesion strength of each flat plate sample (i.e. the adhesion strength between the foamed fireproof functional layer 30 and the heat-resistant insulation layer 20) is tested, and the test specification refers to GB / T 5210-2006. Among them, the coating adhesion strength of the flat plate sample coated with the electrostatic conductive fireproof and heat-insulating coating in Example 2 is 2.8 MPa; the coating adhesion strengths of the flat plate samples coated with the electrostatic conductive fireproof and heat-insulating coatings in Comparative Examples 1-3 are 2.2 MPa, 1.8 MPa and 1.5 MPa, respectively. It is proved that the interface bonding force between the heat-resistant insulation layer 20 composed of carbon fibers with different lengths and the fireproof functional layer 30 composed of the intumescent flame retardant composed of APP microcapsules, expanded graphite and a high molecular weight polymer is the strongest.

[0050] Example 4:

[0051] A preparation method of the electrostatic conductive fireproof and heat-insulating coating for special equipment as described in Examples 1-3, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step one, using direct spraying, the corrosion-resistant layer 10 material which is configured and uniformly mixed is sprayed to the outer surface of the metal substrate or the composite polymer material 100;

[0053] Step two, using multiple spraying, the heat-resistant insulation layer 20 which is configured and uniformly mixed is sprayed to the surface of the corrosion-resistant layer 10, that is, the total thickness of the heat-resistant insulation layer 20 is N, which is divided into M times of spraying, and the thickness of each spraying is N / M, wherein M is not less than 2 times;

[0054] Step three, the fireproof functional layer 30 material which is configured and uniformly mixed is sprayed on the surface of the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer 20 in multiple spraying modes, that is, the total thickness of the fireproof functional layer 30 is S, and the spraying is divided into L times, and the thickness of each spraying is S / L, wherein L is less than 3 times;

[0055] Step four, the static conductive functional layer 40 material which is configured and uniformly mixed is sprayed on the surface of the fireproof functional layer 30 in a direct spraying mode, and finally the static conductive fireproof thermal insulation coating is obtained.

Claims

1. A static dissipative fireproof and heat insulating coating for special equipment, characterized in that: The electrostatic conductive fireproof and heat insulation coating is coated on the outer surface of a metal substrate or a composite polymer material, and comprises, from the outer surface of the metal substrate or the composite polymer material, an anticorrosion layer, a high-temperature resistant and heat insulation layer, a fireproof functional layer and an electrostatic conductive functional layer. The high-temperature resistant and heat insulation layer is composed of a second film-forming material, a low-thermal-conductivity filler and a second functional additive, and the mass ratio of the second film-forming material, the low-thermal-conductivity filler and the second functional additive is 15-30:10-20:5-10; the low-thermal-conductivity filler is a mixture of hydrophilic modified silica aerogel and polymer hollow microspheres, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified silica aerogel and the polymer hollow microspheres is 10-25:3-10; and the second functional additive is carbon fiber composed of two lengths of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber of 0.5 mm and the carbon fiber of 1.5 mm is 2-5:1-3. The fireproof functional layer is composed of a third film-forming material and an intumescent flame retardant, and the mass ratio of the third film-forming material and the intumescent flame retardant is 10-30:50-75; the third film-forming material is a medium-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin and a high-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin, and the mass ratio of the medium-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin and the high-glass-transition-temperature acrylic resin is 2-4:1; and the intumescent flame retardant includes APP microcapsules, expanded graphite and a high-molecular-weight polymer, and the mass ratio of the APP microcapsules, the expanded graphite and the high-molecular-weight polymer is 5-10:5-15:30-50; the high-molecular-weight polymer is synthesized from phenyl phosphinic dichloride and piperazine. The electrostatic conductive functional layer is composed of a fourth film-forming material, an electrostatic conductive filler and a third functional additive, and the mass ratio of the fourth film-forming material, the electrostatic conductive filler and the third functional additive is 10-15:20-30:1-9; the fourth film-forming material is a medium-glass-transition-temperature acrylic polymer; the electrostatic conductive filler is a mixture of conductive titanium white powder, conductive carbon nanotube and graphene nanometer powder, and the mass ratio of the conductive titanium white powder, the conductive carbon nanotube and the graphene nanometer powder is 25-50:5-15:10-20; and the third functional additive is a mixture of a nano-material special dispersing wetting agent and a polyurea type rheological additive, and the mass ratio of the nano-material special dispersing wetting agent and the polyurea type rheological additive is 10-20:5-15.

2. The fireproofing and heat insulating coating for special equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the anticorrosion layer is 30-50 μm, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant and heat insulation layer is 1.5-2.0 mm, the thickness of the fireproof functional layer is 1.0-1.5 mm, and the thickness of the electrostatic conductive functional layer is 20-40 μm; and the total thickness of the electrostatic conductive fireproof and heat insulation coating is not greater than 3.0 mm.

3. The fireproof and heatproof coating for static electricity prevention for special equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The anticorrosion layer is composed of a first film-forming material, an anticorrosion functional filler and a first functional additive, the first film-forming material is any one of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin and phenolic epoxy resin, the anticorrosion functional filler is a combination of multiple kinds of zinc powder, zinc phosphate, graphene, zinc chrome yellow and aluminum tripolyphosphate, and the first functional additive is graphene material.

4. The fireproofing and heat insulating coating for special equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the first film-forming material, the anticorrosion functional filler and the first functional additive is 10-20:10-18:3-8.

5. The fire-retardant and heat-insulating coating for special equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second film-forming material is any one of phenolic resin, polyimide resin and silicone resin.

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