Tunnel ventilation method, device, electronic device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application discloses a tunnel ventilation method, device, electronic device and storage medium; the structure of the tunnel includes: a ventilation shaft is set at the exit of the tunnel, and a jet fan for blowing air into the tunnel is set at the exit of the tunnel. The method is applied to a server, including: obtaining the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; obtaining the preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; processing the preset control information of the ventilation equipment using the tunnel ventilation network model to obtain the target control information of the ventilation equipment; controlling each ventilation equipment in the tunnel according to the target control information of the ventilation equipment. According to the technical solution of the present application, the structural conditions of the tunnel itself can be effectively utilized for efficient ventilation, without the need to set up air purification equipment separately, reducing the impact of polluted gases on the environment outside the tunnel, and controlling the cost of tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel ventilation, and more specifically, to a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for tunnel ventilation. Background Art

[0002] The rapid industrialization of cities and the high concentration of population have brought tremendous pressure and challenges to the traffic environment of large and medium-sized cities. In order to make full use of underground space and reduce environmental pollution, countries around the world have begun to build various urban tunnels and underground connecting passages, and their number has shown a concentrated growth trend.

[0003] At present, the ventilation method of urban tunnels generally refers to the ventilation method of highway tunnels, and adopts a segmented longitudinal ventilation method of full jet fans and axial flow fans, that is, after the pollutants in the tunnel reach a certain concentration, they are discharged through the tunnel opening. Under this method, there cannot be residential buildings within 500m around the exit of the urban tunnel, which cannot meet the high requirements of the emission standards for buildings around the tunnel and the daily life of residents. If the requirements of the tunnel opening emission standards are to be met under this method, the existing solution is to use air treatment equipment at the tunnel opening to purify the air. However, according to calculations, the comprehensive efficiency of the air treatment equipment must reach more than 81% to meet the requirements of the environmental impact assessment for the emission of pollutants at the tunnel opening, which directly leads to the high cost of this plan.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively utilize the tunnel's own structure to ventilate it efficiently while controlling costs has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application proposes a tunnel ventilation method, device, electronic device and storage medium to improve the accuracy of recognition results.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present application proposes a tunnel ventilation method, wherein the structure of the tunnel comprises: a ventilation shaft is arranged at the tunnel exit, and a jet fan for blowing air into the tunnel is arranged at the tunnel exit, and the method is applied to a server, and the method comprises:

[0007] The structure of the tunnel includes: a ventilation shaft is arranged at the exit of the tunnel, and a jet fan for blowing air into the tunnel is arranged at the exit of the tunnel. The method is applied to the server, and includes:

[0008] Acquire structural information of the tunnel and airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; the structural information of the tunnel includes the location information of the ventilation shaft of the tunnel, and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes the wind direction information of the jet fan of the tunnel;

[0009] Obtaining preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel;

[0010] Using the tunnel ventilation network model to process the preset control information of the ventilation equipment, and obtain the target control information of the ventilation equipment;

[0011] Each ventilation device in the tunnel is controlled according to the target control information of the ventilation device.

[0012] Preferably, the step of obtaining preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes:

[0013] Calculate the required air volume of the tunnel. The required air volume calculation formula is:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, Q req(co) is the required air volume of the tunnel, δ is the CO concentration, Q co is the CO emission of the tunnel, P 0 is the standard atmospheric pressure, P is the atmospheric pressure at the tunnel site, T is the summer temperature at the tunnel site, T 0 is the standard temperature;

[0016] Obtaining a preset ventilation volume of the tunnel according to the required air volume of the tunnel, the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel;

[0017] The preset control information of the ventilation equipment is obtained according to the preset ventilation volume of the tunnel.

[0018] Preferred:

[0019] The structural information of the tunnel also includes: the total pressure at the tunnel entrance, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance, the total pressure at the tunnel exit, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit and the roughness of the tunnel wall;

[0020] Before processing the preset control information of the ventilation equipment using the tunnel ventilation network model, the method further includes:

[0021] Construct an initial tunnel ventilation network model;

[0022] The initial tunnel ventilation network model is updated according to one or more of the total pressure at the tunnel entrance, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance, the total pressure at the tunnel exit, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit and the roughness of the tunnel wall to obtain an updated tunnel ventilation network model.

[0023] Preferably, the preset control information and the target control information include: the opening quantity, placement position and operating power information of the jet fans and axial flow fans respectively arranged corresponding to the tunnel entrance, the ventilation shaft and the tunnel exit.

[0024] Preferably, the use of the tunnel ventilation network model to process the preset control information of the ventilation equipment to obtain the target control information of the ventilation equipment includes:

[0025] Inputting preset control information of the ventilation equipment into a tunnel ventilation network model to obtain a target ventilation volume of the tunnel;

[0026] Target control information of the ventilation equipment is obtained according to the target ventilation volume of the tunnel.

[0027] Further preferably, the tunnel ventilation network model includes an air quality continuity calculation module and an air velocity momentum calculation module;

[0028] The continuity calculation formula of the air quality is:

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] Where ρ is the density, t is the time, is the velocity vector, u, v and w are the components of the velocity vector in the x, y and z directions;

[0032] The momentum calculation formula of the air velocity is:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Where, t is time (s), ρ is density (kg / m 3 ); i and j are tensor coordinates; u is wind speed (m / s), μ is dynamic viscosity coefficient (Pa·s), μ t is the turbulent dynamic viscosity coefficient (Pa·s), ε is the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate (m 2 / s 2 ), Cμ is the empirical coefficient, k is the turbulent kinetic energy (J), S ui is the source term in the three-dimensional momentum equation, p represents pressure, and g represents gravitational acceleration.

[0036] Further preferably, the preset control information of the ventilation equipment is input into the tunnel ventilation network model to obtain the target ventilation volume of the tunnel, including:

[0037] The air velocity and air momentum at each position in the tunnel are calculated by using the air quality continuity calculation module and the air velocity momentum calculation module;

[0038] Obtaining the air flow rate at the tunnel entrance, the air flow rate at the tunnel exit, and the air flow rate in the ventilation shaft according to the air flow velocity and air momentum at each position in the tunnel;

[0039] Obtaining a simulated air intake volume at the tunnel entrance according to the airflow volume at the tunnel entrance;

[0040] According to the airflow rate at the tunnel exit, a simulated air intake volume and a simulated air exhaust volume at the tunnel exit are obtained;

[0041] Obtaining a simulated exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft according to the air volume of the ventilation shaft;

[0042] The target ventilation volume of the tunnel is obtained according to the preset control information of the ventilation equipment, the simulated air intake volume of the tunnel entrance, the simulated air intake volume of the tunnel exit, the simulated exhaust volume of the tunnel exit and the simulated exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft.

[0043] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a tunnel ventilation device, wherein the structure of the tunnel comprises: a ventilation shaft is arranged at the exit of the tunnel, and a jet fan for blowing air into the tunnel is arranged at the exit of the tunnel, and the method is applied to a server, comprising:

[0044] An acquisition unit is configured to acquire structural information of a tunnel and airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; the structural information of the tunnel includes the location information of a ventilation shaft of the tunnel, and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes the wind direction information of a jet fan of the tunnel;

[0045] A first processing unit obtains preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel;

[0046] A second processing unit processes the preset control information of the ventilation equipment using a tunnel ventilation network model to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment;

[0047] A control unit controls each ventilation device in the tunnel according to target control information of the ventilation device.

[0048] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; the processor is used to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method disclosed in the first aspect above.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the method disclosed in the first aspect above.

[0050] The tunnel ventilation method provided by the present application utilizes the structure of a ventilation shaft set at the tunnel exit and a jet fan blowing air into the tunnel, obtains preset control information of the ventilation equipment through the structural information of the tunnel formed by the structure and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel, and then processes the preset control information of the ventilation equipment using a tunnel ventilation network model to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment, and finally controls each ventilation equipment in the tunnel according to the target control information of the ventilation equipment. The present application effectively utilizes the structural conditions of the tunnel itself for efficient ventilation, does not require the additional installation of air purification equipment, reduces the impact of polluted gases on the environment outside the tunnel, and controls the cost of tunnel construction at the same time.

[0051] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the schematic implementation modes and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 A flow chart of a tunnel ventilation method for applying for a preferred embodiment;

[0054] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for obtaining preset control information of a ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0055] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a ventilation scheme for a tunnel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0056] Figure 4 A flow chart of a method for obtaining a target ventilation volume of a tunnel according to a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0057] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a tunnel ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0058] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the implementation modes.

[0060] In a first aspect, a tunnel ventilation method proposed in the present application is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it is applied to a server, including 110-140.

[0061] Step 110, obtaining the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel;

[0062] Specifically, in practice, the tunnel can be set to various structural forms, and in the present application, the tunnel structure at least includes: a ventilation shaft is set at the tunnel exit, and a jet fan structure for blowing air into the tunnel is set at the tunnel exit. Since the traffic wind force generated by the traffic flow is opposite to the airflow direction generated by the back-blowing of the jet fan, pollutants can be discharged outward, that is, through the back-blowing induction of the tunnel entrance fan and the attraction of the exhaust shaft, the discharge of pollutants at the tunnel entrance is controlled to the outside, thereby ensuring sufficient air circulation in the tunnel and reducing poor driving visibility caused by improper discharge of pollutants in the tunnel.

[0063] In a specific example, the main protection area of ​​a tunnel ventilation system is the 5.7km closed section of the tunnel, including 1.5km in the Qianhai section, 1.1km in the sea area section, and 3.1km in the Dachanwan section. The tunnel is a one-way traffic tunnel, which allows all kinds of large, medium and small vehicles to pass through, and vehicles carrying dangerous chemicals are prohibited from passing through. The design speed is 80km / h, and the main line traffic volume is 4000pcu / h. The jet fans and axial flow fans are located at the top of the tunnel, with 3 fans set as a group, 4 groups in the Qianhai section, 2 groups in the shield section, and 9 groups in the Dachanwan section. The main line frame section (Qianhai section and Dachanwan section) is equipped with jet fans and axial flow fans, with an outlet wind speed of 30.4m / s, a fan impeller diameter of 900mm, an axis distance of about 0.9m from the top, and a lateral spacing of 2.8m; the jet fans and axial flow fans installed in the shield section have an outlet wind speed of 30m / s, a fan impeller diameter of 750mm, an axis distance of about 0.9m from the top, and a lateral spacing of 2.5m. Among them, the main principles for selecting the location of the ventilation shaft are: (1) meet the ventilation and smoke exhaust requirements; (2) prevent water leakage, and try to avoid setting it in areas with particularly humid soil; (3) reduce damage to the human body and stay away from people; (4) set it in an area that is easy to integrate with the surrounding environment.

[0064] It can be understood that in the present application, the structural information of the tunnel obtained based on the above structure includes the location information of the ventilation shaft of the tunnel, and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes the wind direction information of the jet fan of the tunnel.

[0065] Step 120, obtaining preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel;

[0066] Specifically, based on the tunnel structure in this application, the structural information of the tunnel also includes: relevant information about the structural settings of each structure in the tunnel, such as the tunnel entrance and tunnel exit; the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel also includes: the airflow direction of the tunnel entrance, the airflow direction of the ventilation shaft, the airflow direction of the tunnel exit, and other relevant information about all airflow directions in the tunnel, which is not limited in this application.

[0067] The control information of the ventilation equipment can be understood as information used to control the ventilation equipment in the tunnel, including: the number of openings, placement positions and operating powers of the jet fans and axial flow fans respectively arranged corresponding to the tunnel entrance, the ventilation shaft and the tunnel exit.

[0068] The present application includes two control information of ventilation equipment, preset control information of ventilation equipment and target control information of ventilation equipment. The preset control information of ventilation equipment is calculated in this step, and is not the information ultimately used to control ventilation equipment. The information ultimately used to control ventilation equipment is the target control information of ventilation equipment. The conversion of these two control information is described in detail in the following step 130, and will not be repeated in this step.

[0069] It can be understood that both the preset control information and the target control information include: the opening quantity, placement position and operating power information of the jet fans and axial flow fans respectively set corresponding to the tunnel entrance, the ventilation shaft and the tunnel exit, but one corresponds to the control information involved in this step, and the other corresponds to the control information involved in step 130.

[0070] Preferably, the calculation method of the preset control information of the ventilation equipment in the present application is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, steps 121-123 are included.

[0071] Step 121, calculating the required air volume of the tunnel, the calculation formula is as shown in formula (1);

[0072]

[0073] Among them, Q req(co) is the required air volume of the tunnel, δ is the CO concentration, Q co is the CO emission of the tunnel, P 0 is the standard atmospheric pressure, P is the atmospheric pressure at the tunnel site, T is the summer temperature at the tunnel site, T 0 is the standard temperature; it can be understood that the tunnel CO emissions, tunnel site atmospheric pressure, and tunnel site summer temperature are the basic parameters of the tunnel and can be obtained through measurement.

[0074] Step 122, obtaining a preset ventilation volume of the tunnel according to the required air volume of the tunnel, the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel;

[0075] Specifically, the preset ventilation volume of the tunnel can be understood as the ventilation volume or exhaust volume required at each entrance and exit position in the tunnel, including: the air intake volume at the tunnel entrance, the exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft, the air intake volume at the tunnel exit, and the exhaust volume at the tunnel exit.

[0076] In a specific example, a schematic diagram of a ventilation scheme using the tunnel structure of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, according to Section 7.8 of the "Highway Tunnel Ventilation Design Specifications" JTG / T D70 / 2-02-2014P, combined with this application, the ventilation volume at the left tunnel entrance can be calculated to be Q2 = 710m 3 / s, the exhaust volume of ventilation shaft 1# is Q3=810m 3 / s, the air supply volume at the left tunnel outlet is Q1=137m 3 / s, the exhaust volume is Q4=37m 3 / s. When the pollutant concentration is the highest, the exhaust volume of ventilation shaft 1# accounts for 95% of the tunnel ventilation volume, achieving "near zero emission" of pollutants at the entrance of the Qianhai section of the left line.

[0077] Step 123, obtaining preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the preset ventilation volume of the tunnel;

[0078] Specifically, the required number of jet fans and axial flow fans, their corresponding placement positions, operating power and other information, that is, the preset control information of the ventilation equipment, is determined according to the preset ventilation volume at each position of the tunnel.

[0079] The preset ventilation equipment in the tunnel is a kind of mechanical means, using fans and other equipment to control and maintain the air flow inside the tunnel to ensure that the air quality, temperature and concentration of harmful gases in the tunnel meet safety standards. At the same time, the ventilation equipment can also provide sufficient ventilation to prevent air pollution, maintain visibility, prevent the spread of fire, and provide appropriate smoke and detoxification functions in emergency situations. This application does not limit the number of jet fans and axial flow fans that can be opened in the tunnel, as long as ventilation and sewage discharge in the tunnel can be achieved.

[0080] In a specific example, it can be seen from the wind speed distribution in the longitudinal section of the left-line tunnel shaft area that the back-blowing jet fan and axial flow fan act on the upper air of the tunnel to form a long jet flow with obvious induction effect, and the moving vehicle acts on the lower air with obvious momentum source effect. Since the left-line tunnel shaft needs to exhaust more than 95% of the ventilation volume of the tunnel, the wind speed in the exhaust shaft is as high as 15m / s, and the main air volume comes from the direction of the large shovel bay in front of the shaft, so the wind speed in the shaft is unevenly distributed, but it does not affect the overall exhaust effect. Under the action of vehicle flow and shaft exhaust, the flow regularity of the tunnel section before the shaft is strong, basically presenting a layered flow with fast speed at the bottom and slow speed at the top, with an average wind speed of 7.02m / s; in the tunnel section from the shaft to the Qianhai exit, due to the opposite action of the vehicle and the fan and the shaft, and the discontinuous action of the back-blowing fan, the air flow in the tunnel is relatively chaotic, with more vortices, but since the overall wind speed is less than 1m / s, there is no adverse effect on the exhaust gas removal from the shaft.

[0081] In a specific example, the above steps 121-123 can be implemented by ANSYS software alone, or can be combined with the tunnel drainage network model in the following step 130, and the algorithm of this step can be built into the tunnel drainage network model. The tunnel drainage network model can also be constructed by ANSYS software, and its specific method is described in detail below, and will not be repeated in this step.

[0082] Step 130, using the tunnel ventilation network model to process the preset control information of the ventilation equipment to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment;

[0083] Specifically, as described above, the preset control information of the ventilation equipment is calculated according to a theoretical formula and is a theoretical value. The actual ventilation effect may not meet expectations. Therefore, in this application, it is necessary to further process the preset control information of the ventilation equipment through the tunnel ventilation network model so that the simulated result, that is, the target control information of the ventilation equipment can achieve the expected ventilation effect.

[0084] Preferably, the tunnel ventilation network model in the present application needs to be obtained through training.

[0085] Specifically, the structural information of the tunnel also includes: the total pressure at the tunnel entrance, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance, the total pressure at the tunnel exit, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit, and the roughness of the tunnel wall. The step of constructing the tunnel ventilation network model includes: constructing an initial tunnel ventilation network model; updating the initial tunnel ventilation network model according to one or more of the total pressure at the tunnel entrance, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance, the total pressure at the tunnel exit, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit, and the roughness of the tunnel wall, to obtain an updated tunnel ventilation network model.

[0086] In a specific example, the tunnel ventilation network model can be realized by ANSYS software. First, the tunnel ventilation network model of the entire tunnel is established in the ICEM module under ANSYS software, and the tunnel ventilation network model is imported into the FLUENT module under ANSYS software for numerical simulation analysis. The boundary condition parameters required for the tunnel ventilation network model, such as wind speed, pollutant mass, etc., can be input in the FLUENT module. The flow field of the entire tunnel after numerical simulation, the ventilation effect and pollutant guarantee level in the entire tunnel can be obtained by calculation, and multiple typical examples are designed to compare the flow field, concentration field, etc. under different examples to verify the effect and determine the optimal one.

[0087] In another specific example, the grid independence can also be verified based on the parameters of the entire tunnel shaft calculation model in the FLUENT module. Three grids are established, with the number of grids being 25.09 million, 19.23 million, and 10.11 million. When the number of grids reaches 19.23 million, the simulation results hardly change with the increase in the number of grids. Considering the simulation accuracy and simulation time, the medium grid of 19.23 million is selected as the initial tunnel ventilation network model.

[0088] The total pressure at the tunnel entrance, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance, the total pressure at the tunnel exit, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit and the roughness of the tunnel wall are input into the initial tunnel ventilation network model for processing to generate a tunnel ventilation network model that matches the tunnel.

[0089] In a specific example, the parameters of a tunnel include: the total pressure at the tunnel entrance is 0Pa, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance is 9.6m, the total pressure at the tunnel exit is 0Pa, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit is 9.6m, the roughness of the tunnel wall is △=2.5mm, and the design speed of the most unfavorable working condition is 80km / h. According to the peak traffic volume, design speed, vehicle type orthographic projection area and proportion, etc., a strip momentum source is set in the model to represent the stable flow of moving vehicles. The mesh division of the numerical simulation method is based on the tunnel structure construction drawing to establish a three-dimensional geometric model of the fluid dynamics (CFD) of the tunnel. Due to the strong interaction between the tunnel exit position, vehicle surface, tunnel inner surface, fan and CFD fluid (friction and turbulence), a hybrid mesh combining structured hexahedral mesh and unstructured tetrahedral mesh can be used. The maximum grid distortion rate is controlled to be less than 0.67, the number of grids is about 20 million, the height of the first layer of grids near the wall is less than 5 cm, and the dimensionless distance y+<100 is guaranteed to ensure the applicability and accuracy of the wall function.

[0090] Preferably, after the initial tunnel ventilation network model is updated, the tunnel ventilation network model needs to be trained using a training sample set.

[0091] Specifically, the training sample set has a target feature, and the training sample set with the target feature is divided into a training set and a test set based on a preset ratio, and the ratio can be set as needed, such as 1:8 or 1:5, etc.; multiple data groups are extracted from the training set, each of which contains a preset number of data samples, and at least one data sample includes target feature data; the tunnel ventilation network model is trained based on the data samples in the multiple data groups, and the trained initial tunnel ventilation network model is tested based on the test set to generate a test result, thereby verifying the accuracy of the initial tunnel ventilation network model. In addition, the training set includes information of different tunnels, or data of the same tunnel in different time periods.

[0092] After obtaining a usable tunnel ventilation network model, the preset control information of the ventilation equipment is input into the tunnel ventilation network model to obtain the target ventilation volume of the tunnel, and then the target control information of the ventilation equipment is obtained according to the target ventilation volume of the tunnel.

[0093] Similarly, the target ventilation volume of the tunnel and the preset ventilation volume of the tunnel are both the ventilation volume or exhaust volume required at each entrance and exit position in the tunnel, but the corresponding stages are different, and also include: the air intake volume at the tunnel entrance, the exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft, the air intake volume at the tunnel exit, and the exhaust volume at the tunnel exit.

[0094] In a specific example, the flow field of the entire tunnel after numerical simulation, as well as the ventilation effect and pollutant guarantee level in the entire tunnel can be obtained through FLUENT calculation. During this period, multiple typical examples can be designed to compare the flow field, concentration field, etc. under different examples to verify the effect, so as to design the ventilation equipment control information that meets the air intake at the tunnel entrance, the exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft, the air intake at the tunnel exit, and the exhaust volume at the tunnel exit.

[0095] Preferably, the tunnel ventilation network model includes an air quality continuity calculation module and an air flow velocity momentum calculation module.

[0096] The continuity calculation of air quality can refer to the Navier-Stokes equation, and the calculation formulas are as follows:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] Where ρ is the density, t is the time, is the velocity vector, u, v and w are the components of the velocity vector in the x, y and z directions;

[0100] The momentum calculation of air velocity can refer to the Species Transport model, and the calculation formulas are as follows:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Where, t is time (s); ρ is density (kg / m 3 ); i and j are tensor coordinates; u is wind speed (m / s), μ is dynamic viscosity coefficient (Pa·s); μ t is the turbulent dynamic viscosity coefficient (Pa·s), ε is the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate (m 2 / s 2 ), Cμ is the empirical coefficient, k is the turbulent kinetic energy (J), S ui is the source term in the three-dimensional momentum equation, p represents pressure, and g represents gravitational acceleration.

[0104] It can be understood that the above algorithms can all be implemented by ANSYS software.

[0105] According to the calculation results of the continuity calculation module of air quality and the momentum calculation module of air velocity, combined with the preset control information of the ventilation equipment, the target ventilation volume of the tunnel can be obtained.

[0106] Specifically, the preset control information of the ventilation equipment is input into the tunnel ventilation network model to obtain the target ventilation volume of the tunnel as follows: Figure 4 As shown, steps 131-134 are included.

[0107] Step 131, using the air quality continuity calculation module and the air flow velocity momentum calculation module, calculate the air flow velocity and air momentum at each position in the tunnel;

[0108] Step 132, obtaining the air flow rate at the tunnel entrance, the air flow rate at the tunnel exit, and the air flow rate in the ventilation shaft according to the air flow rate and air momentum at each position in the tunnel;

[0109] Step 133, according to the air volume at the tunnel entrance, the air volume at the tunnel exit, and the air volume of the ventilation shaft, respectively obtain a simulated air intake volume at the tunnel entrance, a simulated air intake volume at the tunnel exit, a simulated air exhaust volume at the tunnel exit, and a simulated air exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft;

[0110] Specifically, the simulated air intake volume at the tunnel entrance is obtained according to the airflow volume at the tunnel entrance;

[0111] According to the airflow rate at the tunnel exit, a simulated air intake volume and a simulated air exhaust volume at the tunnel exit are obtained;

[0112] The simulated exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft is obtained according to the air volume of the ventilation shaft.

[0113] Step 134, obtaining a target ventilation volume of the tunnel according to preset control information of the ventilation equipment, a simulated air intake volume at the tunnel entrance, a simulated air intake volume at the tunnel exit, a simulated exhaust volume at the tunnel exit, and a simulated exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft;

[0114] Specifically, according to the continuity calculation module of air quality and the momentum calculation module of air velocity, the simulated air intake volume at the tunnel entrance, the simulated air intake volume at the tunnel exit, the simulated exhaust volume at the tunnel exit and the simulated exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft can be obtained. Combined with the preset control information of the ventilation equipment, the target ventilation volume of the tunnel can be obtained.

[0115] Finally, the required number of jet fans and axial flow fans, their corresponding placement positions, operating power and other information, namely, the target control information of the ventilation equipment, is determined according to the target ventilation volume of the tunnel.

[0116] Step 140, controlling each ventilation device in the tunnel according to the target control information of the ventilation device;

[0117] Specifically, as described above, the target control information of the ventilation equipment obtained by training the tunnel ventilation network model can be used to control the various ventilation equipment in the tunnel. Specifically, it can be manifested as adjusting the air volume of the tunnel entrance, ventilation shaft and tunnel exit by adjusting the number, corresponding distribution position and operating power of the jet fans and axial flow fans corresponding to the tunnel entrance, ventilation shaft and tunnel exit. Among them, the adjustment method can be to turn on or off the switches of the relevant jet fans and axial flow fans, and adjust the running direction or power of the jet fans and axial flow fans. In addition, the number and placement of jet fans and axial flow fans can be fixed settings, or they can be increased, reduced or moved according to actual conditions. This application does not specifically limit this.

[0118] In a specific example, under the contradiction between the traffic wind force of vehicle movement and the anti-blowing machine at the tunnel entrance, the air in the middle and lower part of the left-line tunnel front sea exit section flows out, and the air in the rest of the section flows in. In order to better explore this situation, the air flowing through the section is traced. The air flows in and out at the same time in this section, with the incoming air as the mainstream and a small amount of air flowing out; under the action of the outward movement of the vehicle, the air in the middle and lower part of the section flows out from the tunnel, and under the combined action of the inward induction of the anti-blowing machine, the exhaust of the shaft, and the friction of the inner wall of the tunnel, the air in the rest of the section flows from the environment into the tunnel.

[0119] In this case, the tunnel ventilation method according to the present application can achieve that the air extraction volume of the left shaft accounts for 95% of the tunnel ventilation volume when the pollutant quality is the highest, of which the front sea outlet is 21.98m 3 / s exhaust volume only accounts for 2.71% of the total ventilation volume of the tunnel, that is, the vertical shaft exhausts 97.21% of the air volume, that is, most of the incoming flow can be discharged by the vertical shaft. It can be said that the existence of the exhaust shaft can effectively prevent the air carrying a large amount of pollutants in front of the vertical shaft from entering the Qianhai section. The large amount of pollutants in front of the vertical shaft can almost all be discharged by the vertical shaft, realizing the "near-zero emission" of pollutants at the entrance of the Qianhai section.

[0120] The tunnel ventilation method provided by the present application utilizes the structure of a ventilation shaft set at the tunnel exit and a jet fan blowing air into the tunnel, obtains preset control information of the ventilation equipment through the structural information of the tunnel formed by the structure and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel, and then processes the preset control information of the ventilation equipment using a tunnel ventilation network model to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment, and finally controls each ventilation equipment in the tunnel according to the target control information of the ventilation equipment. The present application effectively utilizes the structural conditions of the tunnel itself for efficient ventilation, does not require the additional installation of air purification equipment, reduces the impact of polluted gases on the environment outside the tunnel, and controls the cost of tunnel construction at the same time.

[0121] Accordingly, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for implementing the above-mentioned tunnel ventilation method, such as Figure 5 As shown, the tunnel ventilation device includes: an acquisition unit 510 , a first processing unit 520 , a second processing unit 530 and a control unit 540 .

[0122] An acquisition unit 510 acquires structural information of a tunnel and airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; the structural information of the tunnel includes location information of a ventilation shaft of the tunnel, and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes wind direction information of a jet fan of the tunnel;

[0123] The first processing unit 520 obtains preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel;

[0124] The second processing unit 530 processes the preset control information of the ventilation equipment by using the tunnel ventilation network model to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment;

[0125] The control unit 540 controls each ventilation device in the tunnel according to the target control information of the ventilation device.

[0126] Other preferred schemes and technical effects of the tunnel ventilation device disclosed in the present application are the same as those of the above-mentioned tunnel ventilation method and will not be repeated here.

[0127] Below, reference Figure 6 The electronic device 60 according to the embodiment of the present application is described. Figure 6 A block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0128] like Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 60 includes one or more processors 601 and a memory 602 .

[0129] The processor 601 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 60 to perform desired functions.

[0130] The memory 602 may include one or more computer program products, and the computer program product may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, a random access memory (RAM) and / or a cache memory (cache), etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, a flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 601 may run the program instructions to implement the test methods of the various embodiments of the present application described above and / or other desired functions. Various contents such as input signals, signal components, noise components, etc. may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0131] In one example, the electronic device 60 may further include: an input device 603 and an output device 604, and these components are interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).

[0132] The input device 603 may include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, etc.

[0133] The output device 604 can output various information to the outside, including the determined distance information, direction information, etc. The output device 604 can include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, a communication network and a remote output device connected thereto, and the like.

[0134] Of course, to simplify, Figure 6 Only some of the components related to the present application in the electronic device 60 are shown, and components such as a bus, an input / output interface, etc. are omitted. In addition, according to specific application situations, the electronic device 60 may also include any other appropriate components.

[0135] In addition to the above-mentioned methods and devices, an embodiment of the present application may also be a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, enable the processor to execute the steps of the testing method according to various embodiments of the present application described in the above-mentioned "Exemplary Method" section of this specification.

[0136] The computer program product may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​to write program codes for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present application, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Java, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, as an independent software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0137] In addition, an embodiment of the present application may also be a computer-readable storage medium on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the testing method according to various embodiments of the present application described in the above “Exemplary Method” section of this specification.

[0138] The computer readable storage medium can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can include, for example, but is not limited to, a system, device or device of electricity, magnetism, light, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0139] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above; however, the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0140] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0141] In addition, the various implementation modes of the present application may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present application, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel ventilation method, characterized in that: The structure of the tunnel includes: a ventilation shaft is arranged at the exit of the tunnel, and a jet fan for blowing air into the tunnel is arranged at the exit of the tunnel. The method is applied to the server, and includes: Acquire structural information of the tunnel and airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; the structural information of the tunnel includes the location information of the ventilation shaft of the tunnel, and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes the wind direction information of the jet fan of the tunnel; Obtaining preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; The structural information of the tunnel also includes: the total pressure at the tunnel entrance, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance, the total pressure at the tunnel exit, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit and the roughness of the tunnel wall; Construct an initial tunnel ventilation network model; updating the initial tunnel ventilation network model according to one or more of the total pressure at the tunnel entrance, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel entrance, the total pressure at the tunnel exit, the hydraulic diameter at the tunnel exit, and the roughness of the tunnel wall to obtain an updated tunnel ventilation network model; Using the updated tunnel ventilation network model to process the preset control information of the ventilation equipment, to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment; Each ventilation device in the tunnel is controlled according to the target control information of the ventilation device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of obtaining preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes: Calculate the required air volume of the tunnel. The required air volume calculation formula is: Among them, Q req(co) is the required air volume of the tunnel, δ is the CO concentration, Q co is the CO emission of the tunnel, P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure, P is the atmospheric pressure at the tunnel site, T is the summer temperature at the tunnel site, and T0 is the standard temperature; Obtaining a preset ventilation volume of the tunnel according to the required air volume of the tunnel, the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; The preset control information of the ventilation equipment is obtained according to the preset ventilation volume of the tunnel.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset control information and the target control information include: the number of opened, placement position and operating power information of the jet fans and axial flow fans respectively arranged corresponding to the tunnel entrance, the ventilation shaft and the tunnel exit.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of processing the preset control information of the ventilation equipment by using the updated tunnel ventilation network model to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment includes: Inputting preset control information of the ventilation equipment into a tunnel ventilation network model to obtain a target ventilation volume of the tunnel; Target control information of the ventilation equipment is obtained according to the target ventilation volume of the tunnel.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The tunnel ventilation network model includes an air quality continuity calculation module and an air velocity momentum calculation module; The continuity calculation formula of the air quality is: Where ρ is the density, t is the time, is the velocity vector, u, v and w are the components of the velocity vector in the x, y and z directions; The momentum calculation formula of the air velocity is: Where i and j are tensor coordinates, t is time (s), and ρ is density (kg / m 3 ), u is the wind speed (m / s), μ is the dynamic viscosity coefficient (Pa·s), μ t is the turbulent dynamic viscosity coefficient (Pa·s), ε is the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate (m 2 / s 2 ), Cμ is the empirical coefficient, k is the turbulent kinetic energy (J), S ui is the source term in the three-dimensional momentum equation, p represents pressure, and g represents gravitational acceleration.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Inputting the preset control information of the ventilation equipment into the tunnel ventilation network model to obtain the target ventilation volume of the tunnel includes: The air velocity and air momentum at each position in the tunnel are calculated by using the air quality continuity calculation module and the air velocity momentum calculation module; Obtaining the air flow rate at the tunnel entrance, the air flow rate at the tunnel exit, and the air flow rate in the ventilation shaft according to the air flow velocity and air momentum at each position in the tunnel; Obtaining a simulated air intake volume at the tunnel entrance according to the airflow volume at the tunnel entrance; According to the airflow rate at the tunnel exit, a simulated air intake volume and a simulated air exhaust volume at the tunnel exit are obtained; Obtaining a simulated exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft according to the air volume of the ventilation shaft; The target ventilation volume of the tunnel is obtained according to the preset control information of the ventilation equipment, the simulated air intake volume of the tunnel entrance, the simulated air intake volume of the tunnel exit, the simulated exhaust volume of the tunnel exit and the simulated exhaust volume of the ventilation shaft.

7. A tunnel ventilation device, characterized in that: The structure of the tunnel includes: a ventilation shaft is arranged at the exit of the tunnel, and a jet fan for blowing air into the tunnel is arranged at the exit of the tunnel, so as to implement the tunnel ventilation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the device includes: An acquisition unit is configured to acquire structural information of a tunnel and airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; the structural information of the tunnel includes the location information of a ventilation shaft of the tunnel, and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel includes the wind direction information of a jet fan of the tunnel; A first processing unit obtains preset control information of the ventilation equipment according to the structural information of the tunnel and the airflow organization direction information of the tunnel; A second processing unit processes the preset control information of the ventilation equipment using a tunnel ventilation network model to obtain target control information of the ventilation equipment; A control unit controls each ventilation device in the tunnel according to target control information of the ventilation device.

8. An electronic device, comprising: processor; a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; The processor is used to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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