A grain section drying device, drying method and readable storage medium

Abstract

This invention relates to a segmented grain drying device, a drying method, and a readable storage medium. The segmented grain drying device includes a hot air module one, a hot air module two, and a microwave module arranged sequentially, as well as a conveying module, multiple humidity sensors, and a controller. The hot air module one operates in a low-temperature, high-volume mode, while the hot air module two operates in a high-temperature, low-volume mode. The conveying module is used to transfer grain between the hot air module one, hot air module two, and microwave module. This invention can form a complete drying process of rapid dehumidification drying—slow dehydration drying—uniform microwave drying. Its segmented temperature-controlled drying utilizes the inherent drying characteristics of the grain, employing different drying temperatures at different time periods, and incorporating microwave drying in the final stage, effectively improving grain quality. Furthermore, this segmented drying method allows for the rational allocation of drying energy, achieving highly efficient and energy-saving drying, ensuring that grain drying efficiency and grain quality improve simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drying equipment technology, and in particular to a segmented grain drying device, a drying method, and a readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Grain drying is a crucial step in agricultural production, aiming to remove moisture and ensure the quality and durability of agricultural products during storage and processing. Traditional grain drying equipment and methods often consume significant energy in heating and ventilation. This leads to increased production costs and places a considerable burden on the environment. Due to design limitations of traditional dryers, hot air often fails to adequately cover the grain surface, resulting in poor drying effects and prolonged drying times, thus impacting the yield and quality of agricultural products. To improve the economics of drying, the drying rate is often increased by raising the temperature. However, excessively high temperatures and rapid drying speeds can easily lead to increased grain breakage and even scorching and yellowing, severely affecting grain quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to address the conflict between the drying rate and the quality of dried grain in traditional grain drying equipment by providing a segmented grain drying equipment, a drying method, and a readable storage medium.

[0004] A segmented grain drying device, comprising:

[0005] The system comprises a hot air module one, a hot air module two, and a microwave module arranged sequentially. The hot air module one operates in a low-temperature, high-airflow mode, while the hot air module two operates in a high-temperature, low-airflow mode. Both the hot air module one and the hot air module two include a housing, a grain feeding unit, a hot air blower, and multiple drying units. The grain feeding unit is located at the upper end of the housing, and the multiple drying units are arranged at intervals along a straight line, forming a drying section within the housing, which is located below the grain feeding unit. The hot air blower is located on one side of the housing, and the direction of the hot air flow from the hot air blower is perpendicular to the direction of grain descent.

[0006] The conveying module is used to convey grain between hot air module one, hot air module two and microwave module, and also to convey grain from the bottom of the shell to the top of the shell for circulation.

[0007] Multiple humidity sensors are respectively installed on the housing, the grain feeding unit and the microwave module. The humidity sensors are used to monitor the humidity of the grain to be dried in real time and generate humidity signal 1, monitor the humidity of the grain in the hot air module 1 in real time and generate humidity signal 2, monitor the humidity of the grain in the hot air module 2 in real time and generate humidity signal 3, and monitor the humidity of the grain in the microwave module in real time and generate humidity signal 4.

[0008] The controller is used to set a humidity standard value, a low moisture standard value, a dryness standard value, and a completion standard value, and compares the humidity signal one with the humidity standard value. If the humidity signal one is less than or equal to the humidity standard value, it controls the hot air module one to shut down and the hot air module two to start; if the humidity signal one is greater than the humidity standard value, it controls the hot air module one to start and the hot air module two to shut down. The controller is also used to compare the humidity signal two with the low moisture standard value. If the humidity signal two is less than or equal to the low moisture standard value, it controls the conveying module to convey the grain in the hot air module one to the hot air module two; if the humidity signal two is greater than the low moisture standard value, it controls the conveying module to convey the grain in the hot air module one to the hot air module two. The conveying module transports the grain from the bottom of the hot air module one to the top of the hot air module one for circulation. The controller is also used to compare the humidity signal three with the drying standard value. If the humidity signal three is less than or equal to the drying standard value, the controller controls the conveying module to transport the grain in the hot air module two to the microwave module and starts the microwave module. If the humidity signal three is greater than the drying standard value, the controller controls the conveying module to transport the grain from the bottom of the hot air module two to the top of the hot air module two for circulation. The controller is also used to compare the humidity signal four with the completion standard value. If the humidity signal four is less than or equal to the completion standard value, the controller controls the conveying module to send the grain out of the microwave module.

[0009] As a preferred example, each of the drying units includes two partitions with ventilation holes and a guide plate with a complete plane. The two partitions are arranged in parallel and corresponding to each other. One end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to one end of one of the partitions, and the other end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to one end of the other partition. The guide plate and the two partitions are N-shaped as a whole.

[0010] As a preferred example, an air duct is formed between the guide plate and the partition plate, and a grain passage is formed between adjacent drying units. The air ducts connected on both sides of the grain passage are an air inlet duct and an air outlet duct, respectively. The hot airflow from the hot air blower passes through the air inlet duct, the grain passage and the air outlet duct in sequence.

[0011] As a preferred example, the width of the grain passage is 400mm and the height is 1000mm, and the height of the air duct is the same as the height of the grain passage; the diameter of the through holes on the partition is 2-6mm; and the included angle between the guide plate and the partition is 24 degrees.

[0012] As a preferred example, each of the drying units further includes a grain dividing plate, which is inverted V-shaped and fixedly connected to the top of the two partitions.

[0013] As a preferred example, in the working mode of the first hot air module, the temperature is 40-50℃ and the wind speed is 8-10m / s; in the working mode of the second hot air module, the temperature is 60-70℃ and the wind speed is 5-7m / s.

[0014] As a preferred example, the feed unit includes an auger, and the top of the shell has multiple evenly distributed feed inlets. The auger is fitted to the top of the shell and is connected to the multiple feed inlets.

[0015] A method for segmented drying of grain, applied to the segmented grain drying equipment described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] Based on the binding form of moisture in grains and the variation of moisture binding energy with temperature and moisture content, drying is carried out in accordance with the moisture migration law of grains by adjusting the drying process parameters. In the first drying stage, a low-temperature, high-airflow mode is used for rapid dehumidification and drying of grains with high humidity. In the second drying stage, a high-temperature, low-airflow mode is used for slow dehydration and drying of grains. In the third drying stage, a microwave drying mode is used for uniform drying of grains.

[0017] As a preferred example, when the initial moisture content of the grain to be dried is low, it directly enters the second drying stage for drying.

[0018] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the control logic of the controller as described above and the grain segmented drying method as described above.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention can form a complete drying process of rapid dehumidification drying—slow dehydration drying—microwave uniform drying. Its segmented variable temperature drying utilizes the drying characteristics of the grain itself, using different drying temperatures for different time periods, and adding microwave drying in the final stage. Compared with traditional constant temperature drying, this effectively improves the quality of the grain. Furthermore, this segmented drying method can rationally allocate drying energy, achieving efficient and energy-saving drying, and ensuring that grain drying efficiency and grain quality improve simultaneously. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a segmented grain drying equipment;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of hot air module one;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drying unit.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a segmented grain drying equipment;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of hot air in the drying unit;

[0025] Figure 6 This is the control logic diagram of the controller in a segmented grain drying equipment.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the relationship between the water binding energy and moisture content in grains.

[0027] In the diagram: Hot air module 1, shell 11, grain feeding unit 12, drying unit 13, partition 131, guide plate 132, grain passage 133, air inlet duct 134, air outlet duct 135, grain distribution plate 136, air inlet pipe 137, air outlet pipe 138, hot air module 2, microwave module 3, and conveying module 4. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "installed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it may be in a component that is centered on it. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or it may also be in a component that is centered on it. When a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly fixed to the other component or it may also be in a component that is centered on it.

[0030] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 (The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of grain flow) and Figure 4 This embodiment provides a segmented grain drying device, which includes a hot air module 1, a hot air module 2, and a microwave module 3 arranged sequentially, as well as a conveying module 4, multiple humidity sensors (not shown in the figure), and a controller (not shown in the figure). The hot air module 1 and the hot air module 2 are arranged adjacent to each other and have identical structures. The only difference is that the hot air module 1, located at the front, has a grain inlet, while the hot air module 2 is connected to the hot air module 1 and may not have a grain inlet. However, their operating modes differ. The hot air module 1 operates at low temperature and high air volume, while the hot air module 2 operates at high temperature and low air volume. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 As shown (arrows in the diagram indicate grain flow direction), taking the structure of hot air module 1 as an example, it includes a shell 11, a grain feeding unit 12, a hot air blower, and multiple drying units 13. The shell 11 is a relatively sealed structure to reduce internal heat loss and is equipped with exhaust vents for venting moisture. The grain feeding unit 12 can be a grain feeding auger. This auger is fitted to the top of the shell 11. The top of the shell 11 also has multiple grain inlets communicating with the inner cavity of the auger. The auger's inlet is the grain inlet of hot air module 1. The grain to be dried is pushed forward evenly by the auger, and during this movement, the grain falls evenly into the shell 11 from the grain inlets. The hot air blower is located on one side of the shell 11, and the direction of the hot air flow is perpendicular to the direction of grain descent. The hot air blower generally consists of a blower, a heater, and other components; commercially available products of appropriate specifications and power can be selected. The different working modes of hot air module 1 and hot air module 2 are achieved by hot air blowers with different parameters. That is, the hot air blower in hot air module 1 should be a model with a large blower volume and a small heater power, while the hot air blower in hot air module 2 should be a model with a small blower volume and a large heater power.

[0033] like Figure 3As shown (the top of one drying unit 13 has the grain distribution plate 136 removed to reveal the internal structure), multiple drying units 13 are arranged at linear intervals and form a drying section within the housing 11. The drying section is located below the grain feeding unit 12 and is used to dry the falling grain. In this embodiment, each drying unit 13 includes two partitions 131 with ventilation holes, a flat guide plate 132, and a grain distribution plate 136. The two partitions 131 are equal in size and arranged in parallel. One end of the guide plate 132 is fixed to one end of one of the partitions 131, and the other end of the guide plate 132 is fixed to one end of the other partition 131, making the guide plate 132 and the two partitions 131 form an N-shape, thus constituting the drying unit 13. The guide plate 132 divides the space between the two partitions 131 into two triangular spaces. The triangular spaces between the guide plate 132 and the partitions 131 form an air duct, effectively saving space within the housing 11. The spacing between adjacent drying units 13 forms multiple grain channels 133. Air ducts connecting to both sides of the grain channels 133 (through ventilation holes on the partition 131) are respectively the air inlet duct 134 and the air outlet duct 135. The hot airflow from the aforementioned hot air blower first blows towards the air inlet duct 134. Specifically, as... Figure 4 As shown (hot air blower not shown), an air inlet duct 137 is provided at the air outlet of the hot air blower. The air inlet duct 137 includes a main duct and multiple branch ducts. One end of each branch duct is connected to the main duct, and the other end is connected to multiple air inlets 134 respectively. The air outlet ducts 135 on hot air module 1 and hot air module 2 are connected to the air outlet duct 138, whose structure is similar to the air inlet duct 137, and are used to exhaust moisture. Meanwhile, the air outlet duct 138 on hot air module 1 and the air inlet duct 137 in hot air module 2 are connected by a heat insulation pad, making the overall structure more compact and stable. Because the guide plate 132 has an inclination, it can better introduce the hot airflow into the grain passage 133. Compared to the case without the guide plate 132, the hot air velocity loss is smaller, which can reduce power consumption. The hot airflow carrying moisture through the grain passage 133 is discharged from the casing 11 through the air outlet duct 135. Figure 5As shown in the top view, the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of the hot airflow. The hot airflow passes sequentially through the air inlet duct 134, the grain passage 133, and the air outlet duct 135, forming a transverse flow path within the grain passage 133. The grain, falling from above, follows a longitudinal flow path. The flow path of the hot airflow is perpendicular to the flow path of the grain, significantly enhancing the drying effect. By using an interlaced design of the airflow inlet and outlet, the direction of the hot airflow can be changed, achieving cross-flow and increasing the air contact area between the grain and the hot air, effectively improving the heat exchange and drying rate. In this embodiment, the partition 131 has multiple and evenly distributed ventilation holes. The diameter of the ventilation holes can be set to 2-6 mm, determined according to the size of different types of grain. The width of the air passage is set to 300-400 mm, and the length is 700 mm. The angle of the guide plate 132 is determined based on the length and width of the air passage, and is approximately 24 degrees according to the aforementioned length and width, forming a triangular area. The width of the grain channel 133 is 400mm, which can be reduced according to actual conditions. The height of the grain channel 133 and the air duct should be consistent, and can be set to 1000mm. This height can also be changed according to the actual amount of grain to be dried. The grain distribution plate 136 is an inverted V-shaped cover plate, fixed to the top of the two partitions 131 and covering the partitions 131 and the guide plate 132, so that the grain falling from above is diverted into multiple grain channels 133. Each grain channel 133 is dried by an independent air duct, thereby further improving the drying efficiency and effect of the grain.

[0034] In this embodiment, microwave module 3 includes a housing and a microwave generator disposed inside the housing. The microwave generator forms a microwave region, and the grain entering this region is heated and dried by microwave radiation. Conveying module 4 includes a conveyor belt and an elevator. The conveyor belt can be disposed at the bottom of hot air module 1, hot air module 2, and microwave module 3. The dried grain first falls onto the conveyor belt, and subsequently, the conveyor belt is used for operations such as transporting grain out of the modules and transporting grain between hot air module 2 and microwave module 3. The elevator is used to transport grain from hot air module 1 to the top of hot air module 2, or to transport grain from the bottom of housing 11 (or grain on the conveyor belt) to the upper part of housing 11 for circulation.

[0035] In this embodiment, multiple humidity sensors are respectively installed on the housing 11, the grain feeding unit 12, and the microwave module 3. These humidity sensors are used to monitor the humidity of the grain to be dried in real time (monitoring can be set at the grain inlet) and generate humidity signal 1, monitor the humidity of the grain in the hot air module 1 in real time and generate humidity signal 2, monitor the humidity of the grain in the hot air module 2 in real time and generate humidity signal 3, and monitor the humidity of the grain in the microwave module 3 in real time and generate humidity signal 4.

[0036] The controller directs the relevant components to operate based on the aforementioned signals. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the controller's control logic includes: first, setting a humidity standard value, a low moisture standard value, a drying standard value, and a completion standard value (these standard values ​​can be specific numerical values ​​or range values), and comparing the humidity signal one with the humidity standard value. If the humidity signal one is less than or equal to the humidity standard value, it indicates that the grain has reached the low moisture stage. Moisture exists primarily in the form of adsorbed water or chemically bound water, and its evaporation is more limited by the grain, requiring more energy to remove. At this point, temperature is the main parameter dominating the drying process. The first drying stage (drying process within hot air module 1) can be skipped, and the second drying stage (drying process within hot air module 2) can be directly initiated. That is, hot air module 1 is shut off, and hot air module 2 is activated for slow drying at high temperature and low airflow. If the humidity signal one is greater than the humidity standard value, it indicates that the grain has not reached the low moisture stage. Moisture mainly exists in a free state, its distribution is relatively uniform, and the interaction force between it and the grain particles is weak. At this point, moisture evaporation mainly depends on external drying conditions; sufficient airflow can remove the evaporated moisture, achieving a faster evaporation rate. That is, the hot air module 1 is started and the hot air module 2 is turned off, using low temperature and high air volume for low-energy rapid drying.

[0037] During the first drying stage, the average moisture content of the grain in hot air module 1 needs to be monitored in real time and compared with the set low moisture standard value. Once the low moisture requirement is met, the grain is transferred to the next high-temperature, low-volume drying stage via conveyor module 4. Specifically, the controller compares the second humidity signal with the low moisture standard value. If the second humidity signal meets the low moisture standard value, the controller controls conveyor module 4 to transfer the grain from hot air module 1 to hot air module 2. If the second humidity signal does not meet the low moisture standard value, the controller controls conveyor module 4 to transfer the grain from the bottom of hot air module 1 to the top of hot air module 1 for circulation.

[0038] Similarly, during the second drying stage, the average humidity of the grain within hot air module 2 needs to be monitored in real time and compared with the set drying standard value. Once the drying requirements are met, the grain can be transferred to the next uniform microwave drying stage via conveyor module 4. Specifically, the controller compares the humidity signal 3 with the drying standard value. If the humidity signal 3 meets the drying standard value, the controller controls conveyor module 4 to transfer the grain from hot air module 2 to microwave module 3 and activates microwave module 3. If the humidity signal 3 does not meet the drying standard value, the controller controls conveyor module 4 to transfer the grain from the bottom of hot air module 2 to the top of hot air module 2 for circulation.

[0039] During the third drying stage (the drying process within microwave module 3), the average humidity of the grain within microwave module 3 needs to be monitored in real time to prevent over-drying and uneven drying. Once the drying requirements are met, the grain can be discharged via conveyor module 4. Specifically, the controller compares the humidity signal with the completion standard value. If the humidity signal meets the completion standard value, the controller controls conveyor module 4 to send the grain out of microwave module 3, completing the final grain drying process.

[0040] In the field of drying technology, the generally accepted forms of moisture in materials are chemically bound water, physicochemically bound water, and physicomechanically bound water. Chemically bound water: This type of water binds to material molecules through chemical bonds, forming a fixed chemical composition. Physicochemically bound water: This type of water is tightly connected to the surface or internal structure of materials through strong physical adsorption; removing this type of water requires high energy. The removal of physicochemically bound water may affect the physical state of the material, but it will not change its chemical composition. Physicomechanically bound water: This type of water mainly binds to materials through weaker physical forces (such as capillary forces or surface tension) and exists in the capillaries and gaps of the material. This type of water is relatively easy to remove, usually through physical methods such as heating or reducing environmental pressure. Regardless of the form in which moisture exists in the material, from the perspective of drying engineering, the concern is how much moisture can be removed from the wet material and how much energy is consumed. When the moisture content of grain is high, the moisture mainly exists in a free state, its distribution is relatively uniform, and the interaction force between it and the grain particles is weak. At this stage, moisture evaporation mainly depends on external drying conditions. Sufficient airflow can remove the evaporated moisture, achieving a relatively fast evaporation rate. Therefore, when the grain moisture content is high (i.e., humidity signal 1 is greater than the standard humidity value), low temperature and high airflow can be used for low-energy, rapid drying. In the low moisture stage, the remaining moisture exists more as adsorbed or chemically bound water, and its evaporation is more limited by the material, requiring more energy to remove. At this point, temperature becomes the dominant parameter in the drying process. Therefore, when the grain moisture content decreases to a certain level (i.e., humidity signal 1 is less than or equal to the standard humidity value), high temperature and low airflow can be used for slow drying, effectively reducing the rate of grain bursting. Hot air drying often results in uneven drying due to uneven hot air distribution. Therefore, a microwave drying process is added as a final drying stage just before the desired dryness is achieved. Microwave drying acts directly on water molecules, reducing heat loss and improving energy efficiency. Microwaves can penetrate materials, achieving more uniform heating and drying. Moreover, due to the fast drying speed, it can reduce heat damage to heat-sensitive grains, better preserving the original color, flavor, and nutritional components of the grain. Therefore, it is placed in the last drying stage to reduce unevenness in grain drying and improve the quality of the grain after drying.

[0041] In another embodiment, based on the binding form of moisture in grains and the variation of moisture binding energy in grains with temperature and moisture content, a segmented grain drying method is proposed. Taking wheat drying as an example, the segmented drying method includes the following steps:

[0042] Drying is achieved by adjusting the drying process parameters to conform to the moisture migration patterns of wheat. In the first drying stage, a low-temperature, high-volume airflow method is used, primarily to quickly remove free moisture. The hot air velocity can be set to 8-10 m / s, and the temperature to 40-50℃, to rapidly dehumidify and dry the wheat with high moisture content. Figure 7 As shown, a drying experiment was conducted on wheat. It was found that once the wheat moisture content exceeded 25%, the effect of temperature on its binding energy was very small. Therefore, when the wheat moisture content exceeded 25%, increasing the hot air velocity and lowering the temperature was more effective and energy-efficient than traditional continuous constant-temperature drying. Since the wheat then needs to pass through conveyor module 4 to enter the second drying stage, and because the wheat is not completely dried and its internal moisture will diffuse, the moisture content of the wheat will increase to some extent during the conveying process. Therefore, it is recommended that the optimal wheat moisture content be around 22% in the first drying stage.

[0043] In the second drying stage, a slow dehydration process using high temperature and low airflow can effectively reduce the rate of wheat cracking. The main focus is on removing the bound moisture from the wheat. The hot air velocity can be set to 5-7 m / s, and the temperature to 60-70℃. In the low-moisture stage, temperature is the dominant parameter in the drying process; however, simply increasing the hot air temperature will lead to excessively rapid drying and wheat cracking. Therefore, the hot air velocity should be appropriately reduced to maintain a stable moisture reduction rate. The wheat moisture content should reach approximately 14% at this stage.

[0044] Microwave drying is used in the third drying stage to reduce the unevenness of wheat moisture content and improve the drying quality. Due to the limitations of hot air drying, the moisture content of wheat near the air outlet is slightly higher than that at the air inlet. Microwave drying can penetrate the wheat better, resulting in more uniform drying. However, it is also more expensive. Therefore, it is placed in the last stage and is mainly responsible for uniformizing moisture content to reduce energy consumption. This stage will also cause the overall moisture content of the wheat to decrease. It is safe to store when it reaches 12%-13%.

[0045] Furthermore, different drying stages can be selected based on the varying moisture content of the grain. For example, if the initial moisture content of the grain to be dried is low, it can directly proceed to the second drying stage. These three drying stages can form a complete drying process: rapid dehumidification drying – slow dehydration drying – microwave uniform drying. Segmented variable-temperature drying utilizes the inherent drying characteristics of the grain, employing different drying temperatures for different time periods, and incorporating microwave drying in the final stage. Compared to traditional constant-temperature drying, this effectively improves grain quality. Moreover, this segmented drying method allows for the rational allocation of drying energy, achieving a highly efficient and energy-saving drying process, ensuring that both grain drying efficiency and grain quality improve simultaneously.

[0046] In another embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided. This computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the control logic of the controller and the segmented grain drying method disclosed in the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium includes flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., for storing and installing application software and executable computer programs that implement the controller-based control logic and the segmented grain drying method.

[0047] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A segmented grain drying device, characterized in that, It includes: The hot air module 1 (1), hot air module 2 (2), and microwave module (3) are arranged in sequence. The working mode of the hot air module 1 (1) is low temperature and large air volume, and the working mode of the hot air module 2 (2) is high temperature and small air volume. Both the hot air module 1 (1) and the hot air module 2 (2) include a shell (11), a grain feeding unit (12), a hot air blower, and multiple drying units (13). The grain feeding unit (12) is located at the upper end of the shell (11), and the multiple drying units (13) are arranged at intervals along a straight line and form a drying section inside the shell (11). The drying section is located below the grain feeding unit (12). The hot air blower is located on one side of the shell (11), and the direction of the hot air flow of the hot air blower is perpendicular to the direction of grain falling. The conveying module (4) is used to convey grain between the hot air module one (1), the hot air module two (2) and the microwave module (3), and also to convey the grain at the bottom of the shell (11) to the upper part of the shell (11) for circulation; Multiple humidity sensors are respectively installed on the housing (11), the grain feeding unit (12) and the microwave module (3). The humidity sensors are used to monitor the humidity of the grain to be dried in real time and generate humidity signals:

1. Monitor the humidity of the grain in the hot air module 1 (1) in real time and generate humidity signals; 2. Monitor the humidity of the grain in the hot air module 2 (2) in real time and generate humidity signals; 3. Monitor the humidity of the grain in the microwave module (3) in real time and generate humidity signals; 4. The controller is used to set a humidity standard value, a low moisture standard value, a dryness standard value, and a completion standard value, and compares the humidity signal one with the humidity standard value; if the humidity signal one is less than or equal to the humidity standard value, it controls the hot air module one (1) to close and the hot air module two (2) to start; if the humidity signal one is greater than the humidity standard value, it controls the hot air module one (1) to start and the hot air module two (2) to close; the controller is also used to compare the humidity signal two with the low moisture standard value, if the humidity signal two is less than or equal to the low moisture standard value, it controls the conveying module (4) to convey the grain in the hot air module one (1) to the hot air module two (2), if the humidity signal two is greater than the low moisture standard value, it controls the conveying module (4) to convey the grain in the hot air module one (1) to the hot air module two (2), and if the humidity signal two is greater than the low moisture standard value, it controls the conveying module (4) to convey the grain in the hot air module one (1) to the hot air module two (2). The grain at the bottom of hot air module 1 (1) is transferred to the top of hot air module 1 (1) for circulation; the controller is also used to compare the humidity signal 3 with the drying standard value. If the humidity signal 3 is less than or equal to the drying standard value, the controller controls the transfer module (4) to transfer the grain in hot air module 2 (2) to microwave module (3) and start microwave module (3); if the humidity signal 3 is greater than the drying standard value, the controller controls the transfer module (4) to transfer the grain at the bottom of hot air module 2 (2) to the top of hot air module 2 (2) for circulation; the controller is also used to compare the humidity signal 4 with the completion standard value. If the humidity signal 4 is less than or equal to the completion standard value, the controller controls the transfer module (4) to send the grain in microwave module (3) out.

2. The grain segmented drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each drying unit (13) includes two partitions (131) with ventilation holes and a flat guide plate (132). The two partitions (131) are arranged in parallel and corresponding to each other. One end of the guide plate (132) is fixedly connected to one end of one of the partitions (131), and the other end of the guide plate (132) is fixedly connected to one end of the other partition (131). The guide plate (132) and the two partitions (131) are N-shaped as a whole.

3. The grain segmented drying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, An air duct is formed between the guide plate (132) and the partition plate (131), and a grain passage (133) is formed between adjacent drying units (13). The air ducts connected on both sides of the grain passage (133) are the air inlet (134) and the air outlet (135), respectively. The hot airflow of the hot air blower passes through the air inlet (134), the grain passage (133) and the air outlet (135) in sequence.

4. The grain segmented drying equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the grain passage (133) is 400mm and the height is 1000mm. The height of the air passage is the same as that of the grain passage (133). The diameter of the through hole on the partition (131) is 2-6mm. The included angle between the guide plate (132) and the partition (131) is 24 degrees.

5. The grain segmented drying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the drying units (13) also includes a grain distribution plate (136), which is inverted V-shaped and fixedly connected to the top of two partitions (131).

6. The grain segmented drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the working mode of the first hot air module (1), the temperature is 40-50℃ and the wind speed is 8-10m / s; in the working mode of the second hot air module (2), the temperature is 60-70℃ and the wind speed is 5-7m / s.

7. The grain segmented drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed unit (12) includes an auger, and the top of the shell (11) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed feed inlets. The auger is fitted to the top of the shell (11) and is connected to the plurality of feed inlets.

8. A method for segmented drying of grain, characterized in that, Its application in the grain segmented drying equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the grain segmented drying method includes the following steps: Based on the binding form of moisture in grains and the variation of moisture binding energy with temperature and moisture content, drying is carried out in accordance with the moisture migration law of grains by adjusting the drying process parameters. In the first drying stage, a low-temperature, high-airflow mode is used for rapid dehumidification and drying of grains with high humidity. In the second drying stage, a high-temperature, low-airflow mode is used for slow dehydration and drying of grains. In the third drying stage, a microwave drying mode is used for uniform drying of grains.

9. The method for segmented drying of grain according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the initial moisture content of the grain to be dried is low, it directly enters the second drying stage for drying.

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