A high-frequency coaxial connector and connector assembly

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-frequency coaxial connector and connector assembly, comprising: a base mechanism comprising: an outer shell, a first sleeve disposed within the outer shell, a shielding member embedded within the first sleeve, and a receiving cavity disposed within the outer shell; a floating mechanism, which is floatingly received within the receiving cavity and comprises: an outer conductor and a second sleeve elastically abutting against the outer shell from the outside to the inside, and an elastic terminal clamped to the second sleeve, the second sleeve and the first sleeve being coaxially disposed with a floating space therebetween, the elastic terminal comprising a plate spirally disposed axially, and the shielding member coaxially disposed around the plate. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the present invention enables the signal integrity of the automotive coaxial connector to meet various test standards and to fully pass various high-frequency tests at 9G frequencies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of connectors, and in particular to a high-frequency coaxial connector and a connector assembly. Background Art

[0002] Electronic devices installed in vehicles and other applications require coaxial electrical connectors to connect to external cables for power and data transmission. For electronic devices, the higher the operating frequency of the connector, the higher the bandwidth that can be achieved for the same specifications. For cameras in particular, high-bandwidth connectors allow for real-time transmission of higher-resolution images, making it easier to discern more information from the images and reducing potential risks.

[0003] In order to increase the bandwidth, under the same specifications, coaxial connectors need to be able to transmit higher-frequency signals, while traditional coaxial connectors can only carry signals up to 6G. When the signal frequency is higher, the inevitable manufacturing and assembly tolerances in the connector will cause the signal integrity to be reduced accordingly, resulting in failure to meet the corresponding usage standards. In addition, in order to adapt to the vibration environment of the vehicle and facilitate the testing or assembly of the connector, the coaxial connector will also be designed to be floating. This design causes the coaxiality between the terminal and the outer conductor of the coaxial connector to be affected by floating during use, which brings negative feedback to the characteristic impedance of the coaxial connector, further reducing the high-frequency characteristics of the connector. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the connector has low signal integrity when transmitting high-frequency signals and is not easy to be designed into a floating type when transmitting high-frequency signals, thereby providing a high-frequency coaxial connector and connector assembly.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-frequency coaxial connector, comprising:

[0006] The base mechanism comprises: an outer shell, a first housing disposed within the outer shell, a shielding member embedded in the first housing, and a receiving cavity provided within the outer shell;

[0007] A floating mechanism, which can be floated and accommodated in the accommodating cavity, includes: an outer conductor and a second sleeve elastically abutting against the outer shell from the outside to the inside, and an elastic terminal clamped to the second sleeve, the second sleeve and the first sleeve are coaxially arranged with a floating space between them, the elastic terminal includes a plate body spirally arranged along the axial direction, and the shielding member is coaxially arranged on the plate body.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic terminal also includes: a limit piece clamped in the second sleeve, a connector and a floating piece respectively arranged at both ends of the limit piece, and a first welding piece connected to the end of the floating piece, the connector is used to plug into the male end connector of the front connection, the floating piece is an axially spirally arranged plate, and the floating piece is used to allow the connector to float axially and radially.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness direction of the plate body is parallel to the radial direction of the shielding element, the width direction of the plate body is parallel to the axial direction of the shielding element, and the helical angle of the plate body is less than 360°.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer conductor includes: a limiting ring, several groups of first elastic wall components and second elastic wall components arranged on both sides of the limiting ring, each group of first elastic wall components includes: two first elastic walls arranged at intervals, and a first docking portion connected to the two ends of each group of first elastic walls, and each second elastic wall component includes: a second elastic wall, and a second docking portion connected to the end of the second elastic wall.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a spacing space is formed between adjacent first elastic wall components, the lower side wall of the spacing space includes a first abutting surface, the second sleeve is provided with a first protrusion abutting the first abutting surface, a third elastic wall is provided between the first elastic walls in each group of the elastic wall components, the third elastic wall elastically abuts against the outer surface of the second sleeve, and the second sleeve is provided with a accommodating groove adapted to the third elastic wall.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower end portion of the limiting member is bent inward to form a plurality of first bending portions, a plurality of first ribs are axially arranged in the second sleeve, a slot is provided at the end of the first rib, the upper end portion of the limiting member is clamped in the slot, and the peripheral side of the limiting member has a first gap running axially therethrough, and at least one slot is clamped to the limiting member near the first gap.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic terminal is further provided with a fourth protrusion, and the fourth protrusion is provided on the limit piece. The second sleeve is provided with a second abutting surface for stopping the lower end of the fourth protrusion, and there is a stopping gap between the fourth protrusion and the second abutting surface.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the plug connector includes a plurality of fourth elastic walls, which taper toward their ends, and the ends of the fourth elastic walls are provided with plug guide portions bent outward.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer shell is further provided with a plurality of return walls, which are connected to the outer shell and have ends elastically abutting against the outer conductor, and the plurality of return walls elastically abut against the outer shell.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first avoidance groove is provided at the lower end of the first sleeve for the first welding part to pass through, and a second avoidance groove is provided at the outer shell for the shielding part to pass through. The outer shell, the first welding part and the bottom of the shielding part are located in the same plane.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the coaxial connector is further provided with an adsorption cover, which is arranged on the outside of the outer shell, and a second protrusion is provided on the circumferential side of the first sleeve for abutting against the outer shell, and a third rib is axially provided inside the adsorption cover, and the third rib passes through the spacing space and abuts against the second sleeve.

[0018] The present invention also provides a connector assembly, characterized in that it includes the above-mentioned coaxial connector and a male connector, and the male connector and the coaxial connector are plug-fitted.

[0019] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0020] The high-frequency coaxial connector described in the present invention provides structural support through an outer shell and forms an internal receiving cavity for placing a floating mechanism. The first sleeve is arranged in the receiving cavity, and the shielding member is embedded in the first sleeve. The first sleeve is covered on the outer surface of the shielding member to insulate the shielding member from the elastic terminal and the outer conductor. The lower end of the outer conductor elastically abuts against the inside of the outer shell, and the outer conductor and the outer shell are electrically connected. The second sleeve is arranged between the outer conductor and the elastic terminal to insulate the outer conductor and the elastic terminal from each other. The elastic terminal and the second sleeve are floatingly received in the outer conductor. Since the plate body and the outer conductor at corresponding heights of the plate body are the floating members of the connector, The deformation part during movement is surrounded by a circle of uniform shielding parts on the side of the plate body, which can reduce the characteristic impedance change of the connector. At the same time, by setting the plate body into a spiral shape, it can provide a larger elastic force within a smaller axial displacement. Under the condition of meeting the male and female docking plug-in and unplugging force and structural buffering, the axial displacement is smaller, further reducing the characteristic impedance change of the elastic terminal, and cooperating with the outer shell to limit the positioning of the first sleeve and the shielding ring, so that the shielding ring and the elastic terminal can maintain a high coaxiality, so that the insertion loss, return loss and standing wave ratio of the connector meet the test standards, and can completely pass various high-frequency test standards of 9G frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the adsorption cover of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2A It is a schematic structural diagram of the coaxial connector of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2B This is a schematic structural diagram of the coaxial connector of the present invention as a whole with a return wall;

[0025] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the connector portion in FIG. 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic terminal of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This invention Figure 4 Half-section view of the elastic terminal;

[0028] Figure 6 Is a schematic structural diagram of the outer shell of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction;

[0030] Figure 8 This invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view in the middle BB direction;

[0031] Figure 9 is an exploded view of the second housing and outer conductor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outer conductor of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the outer shell of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0034] Figure 12 Is a schematic structural diagram of the first set of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the position of the outer shell and the return wall of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shielding member of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 15 It is a half-section view of the adsorption cover of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 16 It is a test curve diagram of the characteristic impedance of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 17It is a test curve diagram of the insertion loss of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 18 Is the return loss test curve of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 19 It is a test curve diagram of the standing wave ratio of the present invention.

[0042] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. outer shell; 11. first narrowing portion; 12. first limiting portion; 13. return wall; 14. plane portion; 15. positioning hole; 16. third abutting surface; 17. limiting plane; 18. avoidance portion;

[0043] 2. Adsorption cover; 21. Lower adsorption groove; 22. First limiting groove; 23. Second rib; 24. Third rib; 25. External insertion hole; 26. Second gap; 27. Grasping wall;

[0044] 3. Circuit board;

[0045] 4. Outer conductor; 41. First elastic wall assembly; 411. First elastic wall; 412. Third elastic wall; 413. First abutting surface; 414. Outward expansion portion; 415. Second limiting portion; 416. Second narrowing portion; 417. Extending portion; 42. Limiting ring; 421. First straight cylindrical portion; 422. Third narrowing portion; 423. Second straight cylindrical portion; 43. Second elastic wall assembly;

[0046] 5. Second housing; 51. First rib; 52. First protrusion; 53. Fourth rib; 54. Internal insertion hole; 55. Second limiting groove; 56. Second abutting surface;

[0047] 6. Elastic terminal; 61. Connector; 611. Fourth elastic wall; 612. Conducting portion; 613. Connecting guide portion; 614. Connecting cavity; 615. Third gap; 62. Stopper; 621. First gap; 622. Fourth protrusion; 623. Fifth gap; 624. First bending portion; 625. Fourth abutting surface; 63. Floating member; 631. First plate; 632. Second plate; 633. Sixth gap; 634. Seventh gap; 64. First welding member; 641. Second bending portion; 642. First horizontal portion; 643. Third bending portion; 644. Second horizontal portion;

[0048] 7. First housing; 71. Clamping portion; 72. Second protrusion; 73. Position-limiting protrusion;

[0049] 8. Shielding ring; 81. Second welding part; 82. Third limiting groove; 83. Third protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. For ease of description, this document defines the end of the coaxial connector that mates with the male connector as the "upper end," and the end of the coaxial connector that faces away from the male connector as the "lower end." Example

[0051] Reference Figures 1-16 As shown, a high-frequency coaxial connector of the present invention includes:

[0052] Base mechanism, comprising: a housing 1, a first housing 7 disposed within the housing 1, a shielding member embedded in the first housing 7, the housing 1 having a receiving cavity;

[0053] A floating mechanism is floatably accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and comprises: an outer conductor 4 elastically abutting against the outer shell 1 on the first side, an elastic terminal 6 coaxially arranged in the outer conductor 4, and a second sleeve 5 fixed between the second side of the outer conductor 4 and the elastic terminal 6. The second sleeve 5 and the first sleeve 7 are coaxially arranged and have a floating space therebetween. The elastic terminal 6 comprises a plate body spirally arranged along the axial direction, and the shielding member is coaxially arranged on the plate body.

[0054] A high-frequency coaxial connector of the present invention provides structural support through an outer shell 1 and forms an internal receiving cavity for placing a floating mechanism. A first sleeve 7 is arranged in the receiving cavity, and a shielding member is embedded in the first sleeve 7. The first sleeve 7 is covered on the outer surface of the shielding member to insulate the shielding member from the elastic terminal 6 and the outer conductor 4. The lower end of the outer conductor 4 elastically abuts against the inside of the outer shell 1, and at the same time, the outer conductor 4 and the outer shell 1 are electrically connected. The second sleeve 5 is arranged between the outer conductor 4 and the elastic terminal 6 to insulate the outer conductor 4 and the elastic terminal 6 from each other. The elastic terminal 6 and the second sleeve 5 are floatingly received in the outer conductor 4. By spirally arranging the plate body, not only can the elastic terminal 6 be able to deviate and float axially and radially, but also when deviating in all directions, the compression and deformation of the plate body itself are uniform, which can reduce the elastic terminal 6. The characteristic impedance changes, since the plate body and the outer conductor 4 at the corresponding height of the plate body are the deformation parts when the connector floats, a circle of uniform shielding parts is arranged around the plate body, which can reduce the characteristic impedance change of the connector. At the same time, by setting the plate body to a spiral shape, it can provide a larger elastic force within a smaller axial displacement. While meeting the male and female docking plug-in and unplugging force and structural buffering, the axial displacement is smaller, further reducing the characteristic impedance change of the elastic terminal 6, and cooperating with the outer shell 1 to limit the positioning of the first sleeve 7 and the shielding ring 8, so that the shielding ring 8 and the elastic terminal 6 can maintain a high coaxiality, so that the insertion loss, return loss and standing wave ratio of the connector meet the test standards. When there is an assembly tolerance between the male connector and the coaxial connector, the internal elastic terminal 6 and the outer conductor 4 can deviate from the floating to adapt to the male connector.

[0055] Among them, the outer shell 1, the outer conductor 4 and the elastic terminal 6 are all conductors that can be used to establish electrical connections. The material is generally metal, such as brass, beryllium copper, tin-phosphor bronze, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and can be optionally plated with gold coating. The first shell 7 and the second shell 5 are made of insulating material.

[0056] See also Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown, the elastic terminal 6 also includes: a limit member 62 clamped in the second sleeve 5, a plug-in member 61 and a floating member 63 respectively arranged at both ends of the limit member 62, and a first welding member 64 connected to the end of the floating member 63, the plug-in member 61 is used to plug into the male connector to be connected, the floating member 63 is a plate body arranged axially spirally, and the floating member 63 is used to allow the plug-in member 61 to float axially and radially, the elastic terminal 6 is clamped in the second sleeve 5 through the limit member 62, the elastic terminal 6 is clamped in the second sleeve 5 through the limit member 62, the limit member 62 is fixed to the outer conductor 4 through the second sleeve 5, so that the elastic terminal 6 and the outer conductor 4 float coaxially, the plug-in member 61 is arranged at the upper end of the limit member 62 for plugging into the male connector to be connected, and a plug-in cavity 614 is provided in the elastic terminal 6, and the plug pin of the male connector is connected and inserted into the plug-in cavity 614 and forms an electrical connection with the plug-in member 61.

[0057] Continue to see Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the thickness direction of the plate is parallel to the radial direction of the shield, the thickness of the plate is uniform everywhere, and the width direction of the plate is parallel to the axial direction of the shield, so that the plate provides sufficient axial elastic force with a small displacement when subjected to axial pressure. At the same time, when subjected to radial deflection forces in all directions, its own structure changes evenly, reducing the impact on the characteristic impedance. The plate is divided into a first plate 631 and a second plate 632. The first plate 631 is connected to the first welding member 64, and the second plate 632 is connected to the limit member 62, so that the spiral angle of the plate is less than 360°. That is, there is a seventh gap 634 in the circumferential direction at the ends of the first plate 631 and the second plate 632, so that the first plate 631 and the second plate 632 are misaligned and will not be conductive. There is a sixth gap 633 between the limiter 62 and the second plate 632, which reduces the change in characteristic impedance during the compression of the plate. Preferably, the sixth gap 633 is greater than the thickness of the plate, and the seventh gap 634 is much greater than the thickness of the plate, which can provide appropriate axial elastic force to prevent excessive axial expansion and contraction of the plate, because the shielding member provides conductor shielding between the outer conductor 4 and the elastic terminal 6.

[0058] The first welding part 64 includes a second bending portion 641, a horizontally arranged first horizontal portion 642, a third bending portion 643 connected to the end of the first horizontal portion 642, and a second horizontal portion 644 connected to the end of the third bending portion 643. The second horizontal portion 644 is accommodated in the first avoidance groove in the avoidance portion 18, and the adsorption cover 2 is also provided with a corresponding first limiting groove 22 for positioning and limiting the second horizontal portion 644.

[0059] See also Figures 6-10As shown, the outer conductor 4 includes: a limiting ring 42, several groups of first elastic wall components 41 and second elastic wall components 43 arranged on both sides of the limiting ring 42, the limiting ring 42 includes two coaxially arranged first straight cylindrical portions 421 and second straight cylindrical portions 423, the first straight cylindrical portion 421 and the second straight cylindrical portion 423 are transitionally connected by a third narrowing portion 422, the inner diameter of the first straight cylindrical portion 421 is smaller than the second straight cylindrical portion 423, so that the first sleeve 7 is axially limited upward by the narrowing portion, each group of the first elastic wall components 41 includes: two first elastic walls 411 set at intervals, and a first pair of connected to the ends of the two first elastic walls 411 of each group. The spacing between the first elastic walls 411 can accommodate the third elastic wall 412. The elastic direction of the third elastic wall 412 is the radial direction of the connector, which can increase the equivalent elastic force arm between the first elastic wall component 41 and the second sleeve 5, and can be used to maintain the coaxiality between the second sleeve 5 and the outer conductor 4 and improve the elastic force. Each of the second elastic wall components 43 includes: a second elastic wall, a second docking portion connected to the end of the second elastic wall, the second elastic wall is arranged at the lower end of the outer conductor 4, and a third abutting surface 16 is formed on the bottom wall of the space between the second elastic wall and the return wall 13. An avoidance portion is also provided on one side of the planar portion 14 for enclosing and forming a first avoidance groove.

[0060] Specifically, the second elastic wall is arranged between the first sleeve 7 and the outer shell 1, and the accommodating cavity in the outer shell 1 is divided into a first accommodating groove and a second accommodating groove. The first sleeve 7 and the outer shell 1 enclose the first accommodating groove, and the internal space of the first sleeve 7 constitutes the second accommodating groove. The arc-shaped portion of the second elastic wall is clamped on the two side walls of the first accommodating groove to allow the limiting ring 42 of the outer conductor 4 and the first elastic wall assembly 41 to float in the outer shell 1, and the elastic terminal 6 floats in the second accommodating groove through the floating part 63.

[0061] See also Figure 9-10 As shown, a spacing space is formed between adjacent first elastic wall components 41, and the spacing space is arranged on the upper part of the outer conductor 4. The lower side wall of the spacing space includes a first abutting surface 413, and the second sleeve 5 is provided with a first protrusion 52 abutting against the first abutting surface 413. Through the cooperation of the first abutting surface 413 and the first protrusion 52, not only can the second sleeve 5 be positioned, but also sufficient insertion support force is provided to the second sleeve 5. A third elastic wall 412 is provided between the first elastic walls 411 in each group of the elastic wall components, and the third elastic wall 412 elastically abuts against the outer surface of the second sleeve 5. The second sleeve 5 is provided with a accommodating groove adapted to the third elastic wall 412, and the third elastic wall 412 is provided at the lower end between each group of two first elastic walls 411.

[0062] An outward expansion portion 414 is provided at the upper end of the first elastic wall 411, and each group of adjacent first elastic walls 411 is connected by the outward expansion portion 414. A second limiting portion 415 is provided at the end of the outward expansion portion 414 to connect the outer conductor 4 and the male connector. The end of the second limiting portion 415 is narrowed inward to form a second narrowing portion 416, and the end of the narrowing portion is extended inward nearly horizontally to form an extension portion 417, so that the upper end of the first elastic wall 411 forms a fan-shaped arc spherical structure to meet the requirements of elastic floating connection.

[0063] Continue to see Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the lower end of the limit member 62 is bent inward to form a plurality of first bent portions 624. Due to the shape limitation of the limit member 62, it is bent during the production process, so it is inevitable that there will be an axial gap. In this embodiment, it is an axial first gap 621 on the side wall of the limit ring 42. The first gap 621 provides a shrinkage space, so that the limit ring 42 shrinks and deforms when it is elastically assembled into the second sleeve 5. The first bent plate is provided at the lower end of the limit member 62. On the one hand, it can reduce the stress concentration at the lower end of the limit member 62, and on the other hand, it can On the surface, the first bent portion 624 at the single bend of the limit member 62 leaves a fifth gap 623, and the fifth gap 623 leaves a contraction space at the lower end of the limit member 62. The contraction spaces are multiple and evenly arranged, so that each contraction space at the lower end of the second limit member 62 can undergo uniform slight deformation, while reducing the outer diameter and maintaining the circumference of the limit member 62. In addition, the third gap 615 and the fifth gap 623 are coaxially arranged, and the third gap 615 is formed between the fourth elastic wall 611. The fourth elastic wall 611 and the fifth gap 623 are staggered.

[0064] See also Figure 5 、 Figure 10As shown, a plurality of first ribs 51 are axially arranged in the second sleeve 5, and a slot is provided at the end of the first rib 51. The upper end of the limit member 62 is clamped in the slot, and the upper end of the limit member 62 is clamped through the slot on the rib. The lower side wall of the third gap 615 has a fourth abutting surface 625, and the fourth abutting surface 625 and its side wall are clamped into the slot. The elasticity of the slot itself can grasp the peripheral side wall of the limit member 62 to reduce shrinkage. In addition, the side wall of the fourth elastic wall 611 can also abut against the side wall on the first rib 51 to further reduce the shrinkage of the limit member 62. The peripheral side of the limit member 62 has an axially penetrating first gap 621, and at least one slot is near the first gap 621. It is engaged with the limit member 62, and the shrinkage of the limit member 62 in the first gap 621 tends to be the largest. The card slot card connection structure is configured at the first gap 621, which can reduce the circumferential shrinkage of the first gap 621. The outer wall of the second sleeve 5 is also provided with an axial fourth rib 53, and the fourth rib 53 is adapted to the spacing space. When the first elastic wall component 41 shrinks inward, the fourth rib 53 is accommodated in the spacing space to form a partition wall. The second sleeve 5 is also axially opened with a second limit groove 55 from the upper end. The second limit groove 55 does not penetrate the length. The second limit groove 55 and the fourth rib 53 are staggered. The second rib 23 and the third rib 24 in the adsorption cover 2 abut against each other during assembly to ensure the coaxiality of the second sleeve 5.

[0065] See also Figure 4 As shown, the elastic terminal 6 is also provided with a fourth protrusion 622, and the fourth protrusion 622 is arranged on the limit member 62. The second sleeve 5 is provided with a second abutting surface 56 for stopping the lower end of the fourth protrusion 622. The fourth protrusion 622 and the second abutting surface 56 of the second sleeve 5 cooperate with each other to provide a plug-in support force for the elastic terminal 6. There is a stop gap between the fourth protrusion 622 and the second abutting surface 56, and multiple fourth protrusions 622 are evenly arranged on the bearing of the limit member 62.

[0066] Continue to see Figure 4 As shown, the connector 61 includes a plurality of fourth elastic walls 611, and the plurality of fourth elastic walls 611 taper toward their ends. The ends of the fourth elastic walls 611 are provided with outwardly bent plug-in guide portions 613. The plurality of fourth elastic walls 611 not only taper toward the upper ends, but also the width of the bodies of the respective fourth elastic walls 611 presents an upwardly narrowed conical arc shape, so that the mouth of the plug-in cavity 614 and the male connector can be tightly plugged in. The ends of the fourth elastic walls 611 are connected to the plug-in guide portions 613 through the conductive portions 612, and the plug-in guide portions 613 expand outward to guide the plug-in pin. The conductive portions 612 are the portions of the plug-in guide portions 613 and the fourth elastic portion close to the axis of the connector, and the conductive portions 612 stabilize the connection portion between the plug-in pin and the elastic terminal 6.

[0067] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown, the outer shell 1 is also provided with a plurality of return walls 13, which are connected to the outer shell 1 and the ends are elastically abutted against the outer conductor 4. The plurality of return walls 13 elastically abut against the outer shell 1, and the plurality of return walls 13 are uniformly abutted against the outer shell 1 around the outer shell 1, so that the connector can automatically return during the plug-in test and maintain the coaxiality of the return. There is no need to readjust the floating mechanism for return during multiple plug-in processes. A limiting plane 17 is provided on the peripheral side of the outer shell 1 to match the inner wall of the adsorption cover 2, and a first narrowing portion 11 and a first limiting portion 12 that are narrowed inwardly are provided at the upper end of the outer shell 1, so as to limit the first sleeve 7 upward, and a plurality of positioning holes 15 are also provided on the plane portion 14 for catching tin or for the column to pass through and lock.

[0068] See also Figure 11-14 As shown, the lower end of the first sleeve 7 is provided with a first avoidance groove for the first welding part 64 to pass through, and the outer shell 1 is provided with a second avoidance groove for the shielding part to pass through. The outer shell 1, the first welding part 64 and the bottom of the shielding part are located in the same plane. The first avoidance groove and the second avoidance groove respectively accommodate the first welding part 64 and the second welding part at the end of the shielding part, so that the flat portion 14 at the lower end of the outer shell 1 remains horizontal to be connected to the circuit board 3. On the circuit board 3, a plurality of conductive contacts are provided, wherein the contacts between the shielding part and the outer shell 1 can be conductive with each other, and the contacts of the elastic terminal 6 are relatively independent.

[0069] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 15 As shown, the coaxial connector is also provided with an adsorption cover 2, which is covered on the outside of the outer shell 1. The circumferential side of the first sleeve 7 is provided with a second protrusion 72 for abutting against the outer shell 1. A third rib 24 is axially provided in the adsorption cover 2, and the third rib 24 passes through the spacing space and abuts against the second sleeve 5. Since the electrical connector needs to be welded and assembled on the board or for project testing, it is difficult to provide a wide enough plane to cooperate with the robot hand to grasp it due to the structural factors of the connector itself, which is not conducive to the requirements of automated board placement. Therefore, During the processing, testing and assembly of electrical connectors, an adsorption cover 2 is required when the connector body is moved to provide a sufficiently wide plane to cooperate with the robot arm to grasp. In this embodiment, a plurality of axial second gaps 26 are opened at the lower end of the adsorption cover 2. The second gaps 26 do not run through the length of the adsorption cover 2, so that the adsorption end has elasticity. The first sleeve 7 is also provided with a groove to form a clamping portion 71, which is used to clamp and fix the shielding part during embedded injection molding. The second protrusion 72 is provided with a limiting protrusion 73 and abuts and fits with the flat portion 14 of the outer shell 1 to prevent rotation.

[0070] In addition, the second rib 23 on the inner wall of the adsorption cover 2 can elastically limit the outside of the outer shell 1, and the third rib 24 can extend into the spacing space between the first elastic wall component 41 to limit and lock the first elastic wall 411 and the outer conductor 4 to maintain the coaxiality between the outer shell 1 and the outer conductor 4. The top of the adsorption cover 2 has an external socket 25, and the external socket 25 and the internal socket 54 of the second sleeve 5 are coaxially arranged to facilitate observation or testing of the connector without removing the adsorption cover 2. The side of the adsorption cover 2 is also provided with a grabbing wall 27, and the grabbing wall 27 encloses a lower adsorption groove 21 with an opening facing downward, providing a variety of optional options for the adaptation of the grabbing mechanism. The bottom of the adsorption cover 2 is also provided with a first limiting groove 22 to limit and position the end of the first welding part 64.

[0071] like Figure 14 As shown, third limiting grooves 82 are provided at both ends of the shielding ring 8 in the shielding member for improving the adhesion to the first sleeve 7, and a third protrusion 83 is also provided on the peripheral side of the shielding ring 8 to improve the adhesion to the first sleeve 7. The third protrusion 83 can be stamped to form an outward protrusion, and a second welding part 81 is provided at the end of the shielding ring 8 for welding to the circuit board. The shape of the second welding part 81 is similar to that of the first welding part 64. Example

[0072] This embodiment discloses a connector assembly, including a coaxial connector as described in the first embodiment, and also including a male connector, wherein the male connector and the coaxial connector are pluggable.

[0073] The connector assembly described in this embodiment is used for signal connection between a test instrument and a device under test, for example, to establish a stable connection between a radio frequency signal analyzer and a component under test, thereby ensuring signal integrity and facilitating accurate measurement of parameters such as frequency response, attenuation, or noise figure, and is particularly suitable for tolerance matching.

[0074] In the signal transmission system in an automotive environment, due to the vibration and impact generated during vehicle operation, the connector assembly with a floating function provided in this embodiment, in conjunction with the return wall, the coaxial connector and the male connector can automatically compensate for position deviations, ensuring that the signal between the on-board communication equipment and the line infrastructure always maintains a stable and reliable connection during the train's travel.

[0075] In different frequency tests, this connector can meet the corresponding test standards. Especially in the high-frequency environment of 9G, the coaxial connector of this embodiment is set through the above-mentioned structure. By controlling the characteristic impedance of the connector, the characteristic impedance is matched with the output end to achieve a higher impedance, thereby ensuring that the insertion loss, return loss and standing wave ratio all meet the corresponding test standards.

[0076] like Figure 16As shown, it is a characteristic impedance test diagram of the connector assembly. The horizontal axis is the inverse of the frequency in ns, and the vertical axis is the characteristic impedance in Ω. In the figure, seven response time points are selected on the horizontal axis, namely 0.0444ns, 0.1556ns, 0.2222 ns, 0.0000 ns, 0.0889 ns, 0.1778 ns, and 0.3111 ns. The measured characteristic impedances are 51.4373Ω, 49.9216Ω, 50.3207Ω, 50.8335Ω, 50.1238Ω, 51.9812Ω, and 50.0628Ω, respectively. They all meet the test standard of 50Ω±5Ω and further meet 50Ω±2Ω. The maximum deviation is only 1.9812Ω. The horizontal and vertical coordinate values of the floating part are 0.0444ns and 51.4373Ω, which provides a margin for variation during floating.

[0077] The results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0078] Table 1:

[0079] Among them, M1 is the test point selected at the floating part, and M2 and M3 are the test results of the male connector (not shown in the figure), both of which meet the test standards.

[0080] like Figure 17 The figure shows the insertion loss test graph of the connector. S21=b2 / a1=output power / input power. The horizontal axis is the frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the degree of "scattering" of the amplitude or phase in dB. The curve above is the insertion loss test line. In the figure, the frequency points are selected: 3G, 6G, 8G, and 9G. The corresponding insertion loss values are -0.0402dB, -0.1017dB, -0.1276dB, and -0.2972Db, respectively.

[0081] The results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0082] Table 2:

[0083] As can be seen from Table 2, when corresponding to the test conditions of 3G, 6G, 8G, and 9G, the test results of the connector of this embodiment can all meet the standards.

[0084] like Figure 18The figure shows the return loss test graph of the connector assembly. S11 = b1 / a1 = reflected power / incident power. S11 represents the input end reflection coefficient when the output end is terminated and matched. The horizontal axis represents the frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the degree of "scattering" of the amplitude or phase in dB. The bottom curve is the test value curve, and the upper curve and broken line are the test standard line and comparison. The frequency points selected in the figure are: 2G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4.2G, 6G, and 9G. The corresponding return loss, test standard value, and safety margin of this embodiment are shown in Table 3 below:

[0085] Table 3:

[0086] As can be seen from Table 3, when corresponding to the USCAR-17 DC To 6G, Valeo DC To 4.2G, and USCAR-49 DC To 9G test standards, the connector return loss test results of this embodiment can meet the standards and leave a certain safety margin.

[0087] like Figure 19 The figure shows the VSWR test graph of the connector assembly. The horizontal axis is the frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis is the ratio. The two curves below are the test curves, and the upper broken line is the standard value. In the figure, the frequency points are selected: 2G, 2G, 3G, 6G, and 9G. The corresponding VSWR and test standard values are shown in Table 4 below:

[0088] Table 4:

[0089] It can be seen from Table 4 that, when corresponding to the test standards of 2G, 3G, 6G, and 9G, the VSWR test results of the connector of this embodiment can all meet the standards.

[0090] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-frequency coaxial connector, characterized in that: include: The base mechanism comprises: an outer shell, a first housing disposed within the outer shell, a shielding member embedded in the first housing, and a receiving cavity provided within the outer shell; A floating mechanism, which can be floated and accommodated in the accommodating cavity, comprises: an outer conductor elastically abutting against the outer shell on the first side, an elastic terminal coaxially arranged in the outer conductor, a second sleeve fixed between the second side of the outer conductor and the elastic terminal, the elastic terminal being clamped in the second sleeve, the second sleeve and the first sleeve being coaxially arranged and having a floating space between the two, the elastic terminal comprising a limiting member clamped in the second sleeve, a plug-in member and a floating member respectively arranged at both ends of the limiting member, and a first welding member connected to the end of the floating member, the floating member being an axially spirally arranged plate, and the shielding member being coaxially arranged on the plate; the plate body is divided into a first plate body and a second plate body connected, the first plate body being connected to the first welding member, and the second plate body being connected to the limiting member, the thickness direction of the plate body being parallel to the radial direction of the shielding member, the width direction of the plate body being parallel to the axial direction of the shielding member, the spiral angle of the plate body being less than 360°, and a seventh gap being present in the circumferential direction at the ends of the first plate body and the second plate body.

2. A high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug-in connector is used for plugging into the male connector of the front connection, and the floating member is used for allowing the plug-in connector to float axially and radially.

3. A high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer conductor includes: a limiting ring, and several groups of first elastic wall components and second elastic wall components arranged on both sides of the limiting ring. Each group of the first elastic wall components includes: two first elastic walls arranged at a distance from each other, and a first docking portion connected to the ends of the two first elastic walls in each group. Each second elastic wall component includes: a second elastic wall and a second docking portion connected to the end of the second elastic wall.

4. A high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spacing space is formed between adjacent first elastic wall components, the lower side wall of the spacing space includes a first abutting surface, the second sleeve is provided with a first protrusion abutting the first abutting surface, a third elastic wall is provided between the first elastic walls in each group of the elastic wall components, the third elastic wall elastically abuts against the outer surface of the second sleeve, and the second sleeve is provided with a accommodating groove adapted to the third elastic wall.

5. The high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the limiting member is bent inward to form a plurality of first bending portions, a plurality of first ribs are axially arranged in the second sleeve, and a clamping groove is provided at the end of the first rib. The upper end of the limiting member is clamped in the clamping groove, and the peripheral side of the limiting member has a first gap running axially therethrough, and at least one clamping groove is clamped to the limiting member near the first gap.

6. A high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The elastic terminal is further provided with a fourth protrusion, which is provided on the limit piece. The second sleeve is provided with a second abutting surface for stopping the lower end of the fourth protrusion, and a stopping gap is provided between the fourth protrusion and the second abutting surface.

7. The high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug connector includes a plurality of fourth elastic walls, which taper toward their ends. The ends of the fourth elastic walls are provided with plug guide portions bent outward.

8. The high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell is further provided with a plurality of return walls, which are connected to the outer shell and have ends elastically abutted against the outer conductor. The plurality of return walls elastically abut against the outer shell.

9. The high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the first sleeve is provided with a first avoidance groove for the first welding part to pass through, and the outer shell is provided with a second avoidance groove for the shielding part to pass through. The bottoms of the outer shell, the first welding part and the shielding part are located in the same plane.

10. The high-frequency coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxial connector is also provided with an adsorption cover, which is arranged on the outside of the outer shell. A second protrusion is provided on the circumferential side of the first sleeve for abutting against the outer shell. A third rib is axially provided inside the adsorption cover, and the third rib passes through the spacing space and abuts against the second sleeve.

11. A connector assembly, characterized in that: It comprises the coaxial connector according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and further comprises a male end connector, wherein the male end connector and the coaxial connector are plug-fitted.

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