A special lathe for machining the connecting rod journal of a crankshaft

Abstract

The application discloses a special lathe for crankshaft connecting rod neck processing, which comprises a bed body, a chuck body is installed on the bed body, a first guide rail is installed on the surface of the bed body, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the first guide rail, a rear center is installed on the top of the sliding seat, and a cutting assembly is arranged above the chuck body on the bed body. By setting the limiting roller, the driving motor, the bidirectional screw rod, the square plate and the guide rod, the bidirectional screw rod can be rotated by starting the driving motor, so that the two square plates can move towards each other under the guidance of the guide rod, the limiting roller can move close to the crankshaft connecting rod raw material, the limiting roller can be attached to the surface of the spindle neck formed by turning, as shown in Figure 7, the crankshaft connecting rod raw material can be limited, the whole raw material can be prevented from shaking due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the connecting rod neck, the subsequent processing precision can be improved, and the application has the advantage of improving the processing precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lathe technology, and in particular relates to a special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals. Background Technology

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool that primarily uses a cutting tool to machine rotating workpieces. It is the most important type of metal cutting machine tool, and is the most numerous and prevalent type in general machine manufacturing plants; it is also known as the "mother machine." Lathes can also be used to perform corresponding machining operations using drills, reamers, taps, dies, and knurling tools. The function of a lathe is to cut rotating surfaces of various sizes and shapes, as well as helical surfaces. When machining crankshaft connecting rods, workers need to use a lathe for turning. Because a crankshaft journal or connecting rod journal has a short cylindrical shape, using a lathe for turning is undoubtedly the most traditional, economical, simple, and reliable process.

[0003] However, existing technology has some problems: when workers use a lathe to machine crankshaft connecting rods, a large-diameter metal cylinder is fixed on the lathe chuck, and the machining is performed while it rotates around its axis, resulting in a machining appearance... Figure 1 As shown, the crankshaft consists of several main journals coaxial with the rotation axis and several connecting rod journals offset from the rotation axis. During the machining process, when a connecting rod journal is completed and subsequent machining is carried out, the connecting rod journals offset from the rotation axis will generate a large centrifugal force due to the chuck driving the material to continue rotating. This can easily cause the crankshaft material to vibrate as a whole, thus affecting the accuracy of subsequent turning machining. Therefore, we propose a special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals. By setting multiple sets of limiting rollers, the crankshaft material vibration is avoided, thereby improving machining accuracy.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: a special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals includes a bed, a chuck body mounted on the bed, a first guide rail mounted on the surface of the bed, a sliding seat slidably connected to the first guide rail, a rear center mounted on the top of the sliding seat, a cutting assembly located above the chuck body on the bed, a support slidably connected to the first guide rail between the chuck body and the sliding seat, a limit roller mounted on the support, the limit roller being connected to the support via a drive mechanism, the limit roller being able to move closer to or away from the crankshaft connecting rod via the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism including a drive motor, the drive motor... The machine is fixedly mounted on a support. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly sleeved with a bidirectional lead screw. Both sides of the outer surface of the bidirectional lead screw are threaded with square plates. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the square plate and slidably inserted into the support. The limiting roller is connected to the square plate through an adjustment mechanism. A first baffle is hinged on the support. The first baffle is connected to the guide rod through a push-pull assembly. The push-pull assembly includes a folding plate. The folding plate is fixedly connected to the guide rod. A second connecting rod is hinged between the folding plate and the first baffle. A second electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the first baffle. The telescopic end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the second baffle.

[0006] Optionally, the cutting assembly includes a cross plate, which is fixedly mounted on the machine bed. A first electric actuator is slidably connected to the bottom of the cross plate, and a cutting tool is mounted on the telescopic end of the first electric actuator.

[0007] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes a second guide rail, which is fixedly mounted on the surface of the square plate. A slider is slidably connected to the second guide rail, and the limiting roller is rotatably connected to the slider.

[0008] Optionally, a brake motor is fixedly installed on the square plate, the output shaft of the brake motor is fixedly sleeved with a rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft passes through the square plate and is fixedly connected to a rotating rod.

[0009] Optionally, both ends of the rotary rod are hinged to a first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the slider.

[0010] Optionally, a second baffle is slidably connected to the first baffle, and the height of the second baffle is the same as the height of the first baffle.

[0011] Optionally, a waste chip tray is fixedly installed on the bed, and a material discharge hole is provided on the bed above the waste chip tray.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. This invention, by setting up a limiting roller, a drive motor, a bidirectional lead screw, square plates, and a guide rod, allows the bidirectional lead screw to rotate when the drive motor is activated. This causes the two square plates to move towards each other under the guidance of the guide rod, thereby allowing the limiting roller to move closer to the crankshaft connecting rod material. This ensures the limiting roller is in contact with the machined surface of the main journal. Figure 7 As shown, this allows the crankshaft connecting rod material to be limited, preventing the material from shaking due to centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the connecting rod journal, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0014] 2. This invention, by setting up a brake motor, a rotating rod, a first connecting rod, a second guide rail, and sliders, allows the rotating shaft to rotate when the brake motor is activated. The rotation of the rotating rod, via the first connecting rod, causes two sliders to move towards or away from each other along the surface of the second guide rail, thereby adjusting the distance between the two limiting rollers. This allows operators to adjust the distance between the limiting rollers for main journals of different diameters, ensuring that the limiting rollers are evenly distributed around the main journal surface when clamping it, thus improving the limiting effect on the crankshaft material and enhancing its applicability.

[0015] 3. This invention, by setting up a folding plate, a second connecting rod, a first baffle, a second baffle, and a second electric actuator, allows the folding plate to move when the square plate drives the guide rod and the limiting roller to move closer to the crankshaft material. This movement causes the guide rod to drive the folding plate, which in turn causes the second connecting rod to push the first baffle to rotate, moving it away from the support and into an unfolded state. This effectively blocks the gap between two adjacent supports, reducing the possibility of metal chips flying outwards during machining. Furthermore, when the distance between two adjacent supports is large and the first baffle cannot effectively block the gap after it rotates and unfolds, the operator can activate the second electric actuator to push the second baffle outwards. This allows the second baffle and the first baffle to work together to block the metal chips, thereby reducing the impact of metal chips flying outwards on the surrounding processing environment.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing crankshaft connecting rod journal.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top portion structure provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the support provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the square plate provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the first baffle provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting roller clamping the crankshaft connecting rod provided by the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Bed; 2. Chuck body; 3. First guide rail; 4. Sliding seat; 5. Rear center; 6. Waste chip tray; 7. Horizontal plate; 8. First electric actuator; 9. Support; 10. Drive motor; 11. Two-way lead screw; 12. Square plate; 13. Guide rod; 14. Limiting roller; 15. Second guide rail; 16. Slider; 17. Brake motor; 18. Rotary shaft; 19. Rotary rod; 20. First connecting rod; 21. First baffle; 22. Second baffle; 23. Second electric actuator; 24. Folding plate; 25. Second connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0027] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use.

[0028] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0029] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0030] The structure of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, a special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a bed 1, a chuck body 2 mounted on the bed 1, a first guide rail 3 mounted on the surface of the bed 1, a sliding seat 4 slidably connected to the first guide rail 3, a rear center 5 mounted on the top of the sliding seat 4, a cutting assembly located above the chuck body 2 on the bed 1, a support 9 slidably connected to the first guide rail 3 between the chuck body 2 and the sliding seat 4, a limit roller 14 mounted on the support 9, and the limit roller 14 connected to the support 9 by a drive mechanism. Wheel 14 can move closer to or further away from the crankshaft connecting rod via a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a drive motor 10, which is fixedly mounted on a support 9. A bidirectional lead screw 11 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the drive motor 10. Square plates 12 are threaded onto both sides of the outer surface of the bidirectional lead screw 11. A guide rod 13 is fixedly connected to the square plate 12 and slidably inserted into the support 9. The limiting roller 14 is connected to the square plate 12 via an adjustment mechanism. A first baffle 21 is hinged to the support 9. The first baffle 21 is connected to the guide rod 13 via a push-pull assembly. When the first baffle 21 is rotated to the unfolded state, it can close the gap between the two supports 9, thereby shielding the metal chips generated during turning and reducing the possibility of metal chips splashing outward. The push-pull assembly includes a folding plate 24, which is fixedly connected to the guide rod 13. A second connecting rod 25 is hinged between the folding plate 24 and the first baffle 21. When the drive motor 10 operates, causing the square plate 12 to move the guide rod 13 and the limiting roller 14 close to the crankshaft connecting rod to clamp it, the folding plate 24 will move with the guide rod 13. This allows the second connecting rod 25 to push the first baffle 21 to rotate, causing the first baffle 21 to rotate away from the support 9 and into an unfolded state. This allows the first baffle 21 to block metal debris generated during subsequent processing. A second electric push rod 23 is fixedly installed on the first baffle 21, and the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 23 is fixedly connected to the second baffle 22. When processing a long crankshaft connecting rod, if the distance between the two supports 9 on the same first guide rail 3 is large, and if the first baffle 21 is rotated into an unfolded state but still cannot block the gap between the two supports 9, the operator can activate the second electric push rod 23 to push the second baffle 22 to move. This allows the second baffle 22 and the first baffle 21 to jointly block the gap between the two supports 9, thereby improving adaptability.

[0032] By starting the drive motor 10, the bidirectional lead screw 11 can be rotated, which in turn causes the two square plates 12 to move towards each other. This allows the limiting roller 14 to move closer to the crankshaft connecting rod material, so that the limiting roller 14 fits against the surface of the main journal formed by turning. This limits the crankshaft connecting rod material and prevents the material from shaking due to centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the connecting rod journal, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0033] Furthermore, the cutting assembly includes a cross plate 7, which is fixedly mounted on the machine bed 1. A first electric actuator 8 is slidably connected to the bottom of the cross plate 7, and a cutting tool is mounted on the telescopic end of the first electric actuator 8. When machining the crankshaft connecting rod, after the crankshaft connecting rod is clamped and fixed by the chuck body 2, the first electric actuator 8 can slide on the cross plate 7, sliding to above the position of the crankshaft connecting rod that needs to be turned, thereby enabling the first electric actuator 8 to push the cutting tool to the surface of the crankshaft connecting rod, and to perform turning machining on the crankshaft connecting rod while it rotates.

[0034] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a second guide rail 15, which is fixedly mounted on the surface of the square plate 12. A slider 16 is slidably connected to the second guide rail 15, and a limiting roller 14 is rotatably connected to the slider 16. By adjusting the distance between the two sliders 16 on the second guide rail 15, the distance between the two limiting rollers 14 on the square plate 12 can be changed, thereby adapting to crankshaft connecting rods with different machining diameters and improving applicability.

[0035] Furthermore, a brake motor 17 is fixedly mounted on the square plate 12. The output shaft of the brake motor 17 is fixedly sleeved with a rotating shaft 18, and the other end of the rotating shaft 18 passes through the square plate 12 and is fixedly connected to a rotating rod 19. By starting the brake motor 17, the rotating shaft 18 can be rotated, thereby driving the rotating rod 19 to rotate.

[0036] Furthermore, both ends of the rotating rod 19 are hinged to a first connecting rod 20, and the other end of the first connecting rod 20 is hinged to the slider 16. Through the design of the first connecting rod 20, when the rotating rod 19 rotates, it can drive the two sliders 16 to move towards or away from each other, thereby automatically adjusting the distance between the two sliders 16. This, in turn, achieves automatic adjustment of the distance between the two limiting rollers 14, facilitating operator operation and processing. Simultaneously, the change in the distance between the two limiting rollers 14 can adapt to the processing of crankshaft connecting rods with different shaft diameters.

[0037] Furthermore, a second baffle 22 is slidably connected to the first baffle 21, and the height of the second baffle 22 is the same as the height of the first baffle 21.

[0038] Furthermore, a waste chip tray 6 is fixedly installed on the machine bed 1, and a discharge hole is provided on the machine bed 1 above the waste chip tray 6. Most of the metal chips generated during the turning of the crankshaft connecting rod will fall into the waste chip tray 6 through the discharge hole, thus facilitating subsequent collection and cleaning by the staff.

[0039] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0040] First, the operator clamps and fixes the crankshaft machining material in the chuck body 2, and adjusts the position of the sliding seat 4. After use, the center 5 abuts against one end of the material to further fix it. Then, the operator manipulates the machine bed 1 to make the chuck body 2 drive the material to rotate. Then, the operator adjusts the position of the first electric push rod 8 on the cross plate 7 so that the first electric push rod 8 moves above the material to be processed. The operator starts the first electric push rod 8 so that the first electric push rod 8 pushes the tool close to and contacts the material to perform turning machining on the material.

[0041] After machining part of the main journal and connecting rod journal, to avoid the material shaking caused by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the connecting rod journal, which would affect the subsequent machining accuracy, the operator can first start the brake motor 17. The operation of the brake motor 17 will cause the rotating shaft 18 to drive the rotating rod 19 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 19 will, through the first connecting rod 20, cause the two sliders 16 to move towards or away from each other along the surface of the second guide rail 15, thereby adjusting the distance between the two limit rollers 14. The operator can adjust the limit rollers 14 according to the diameter of the main journal. The spacing is adjusted, and then the support 9 is moved to the position corresponding to the main journal. Then, the drive motor 10 is started. The operation of the drive motor 10 causes the bidirectional lead screw 11 to rotate. Since the bidirectional lead screw 11 is threadedly connected to the square plate 12 and the threads on both sides of the outer surface of the bidirectional lead screw 11 are in opposite directions, the rotation of the bidirectional lead screw 11 causes the two square plates 12 to move towards each other under the guidance of the guide rod 13. This allows the limiting roller 14 to move closer to the crankshaft connecting rod material, causing the limiting roller 14 to adhere to the surface of the machined main journal. Figure 7 As shown, the crankshaft connecting rod material can be limited. Since the operator adjusts the spacing of the limiting rollers 14, the limiting rollers 14 can be evenly distributed around the surface of the main journal when clamping the main journal, so as to improve the limiting effect on the crankshaft material and avoid the material from shaking due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the connecting rod journal. This can improve the subsequent machining accuracy, and the operator can continue to perform turning machining on other parts of the material.

[0042] Meanwhile, when the drive motor 10 runs, causing the square plate 12 to move the guide rod 13 and the limiting roller 14 closer to the crankshaft material, the guide rod 13 will drive the folding plate 24 to move, thereby enabling the second connecting rod 25 to push the first baffle 21 to rotate, causing the first baffle 21 to rotate away from the support 9 to the unfolded state, thus sealing and blocking the gap between two adjacent supports 9, reducing the possibility of metal chips generated during subsequent turning flying outwards. When the gap between two adjacent supports 9 is large, and the first baffle 21 is difficult to block the gap after rotating and unfolding, the operator can activate the second electric push rod 23 to push the second baffle 22 to move outwards, so that the second baffle 22 and the first baffle 21 together block the metal chips, thereby reducing the impact of metal chips flying outwards on the surrounding processing environment. Most of the metal chips generated during turning will fall downwards into the waste chip tray 6, making it easier for subsequent operators to collect and handle them.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals, comprising a bed (1), a chuck body (2) mounted on the bed (1), a first guide rail (3) mounted on the surface of the bed (1), a sliding seat (4) slidably connected to the first guide rail (3), and a rear center (5) mounted on the top of the sliding seat (4), characterized in that: The bed (1) is provided with a cutting assembly located above the chuck body (2). A support (9) located between the chuck body (2) and the sliding seat (4) is slidably connected on the first guide rail (3). A limiting roller (14) is provided on the support (9). The limiting roller (14) is connected to the support (9) through a drive mechanism. The limiting roller (14) can move closer to or away from the crankshaft connecting rod through the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a drive motor (10). The drive motor (10) is fixedly installed on the support (9). A bidirectional lead screw (11) is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the drive motor (10). Square plates (12) are threaded onto both sides of the outer surface of the bidirectional lead screw (11). A guide rod (13) is fixedly connected to the square plate (12) and the guide rod (13) is slidably inserted into the support (9). The limiting roller (14) is connected to the square plate (12) through an adjustment mechanism. A first baffle (21) is hinged to the support (9). The first baffle (21) is connected to the guide rod (13) through a push-pull assembly. The push-pull assembly includes a folding plate (24). The folding plate (24) is fixedly connected to the guide rod (13). A second connecting rod (25) is hinged between the folding plate (24) and the first baffle (21). A second electric push rod (23) is fixedly installed on the first baffle (21). The telescopic end of the second electric push rod (23) is fixedly connected to the second baffle (22).

2. The special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting assembly includes a cross plate (7), which is fixedly installed on the bed (1). A first electric push rod (8) is slidably connected to the bottom of the cross plate (7), and a cutting tool is installed at the telescopic end of the first electric push rod (8).

3. A special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a second guide rail (15), which is fixedly installed on the surface of the square plate (12). A slider (16) is slidably connected on the second guide rail (15), and the limiting roller (14) is rotatably connected to the slider (16).

4. A special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A brake motor (17) is fixedly installed on the square plate (12). The output shaft of the brake motor (17) is fixedly sleeved with a rotating shaft (18). The other end of the rotating shaft (18) passes through the square plate (12) and is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (19).

5. A special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotating rod (19) are hinged to a first connecting rod (20), and the other end of the first connecting rod (20) is hinged to the slider (16).

6. A special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second baffle (22) is slidably connected to the first baffle (21), and the height of the second baffle (22) is the same as the height of the first baffle (21).

7. A special lathe for machining crankshaft connecting rod journals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste chip tray (6) is fixedly installed on the bed (1), and a material drop hole is provided on the bed (1) above the waste chip tray (6).

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