A smart substation safety test system and method
By performing segmented processing of transformer temperature data and correcting vibration frequency, the problem of large errors when used alone in the prior art is solved, a more accurate judgment on the safety of the substation is achieved, and the safe and stable operation of the substation is ensured.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410700215.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-31
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-05-31
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, there are errors in safety testing based on transformer temperature data, resulting in inaccurate results and the safety of the substation cannot be accurately judged.
By collecting the temperature data of the transformer for segmentation processing, calculating the degree of mutation, and correcting it with the vibration frequency data to judge the safety of the transformer.
It improves the accuracy of substation safety testing, reduces false alarms and missed reports, and ensures the safe and stable operation of substations.
Smart Images
Figure CN118501587B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of substations, and more specifically, to a security testing system and method for an intelligent substation. Background Art
[0002] Substations are an important part of the power transmission and transformation lines of the power system. Their safe and stable operation plays an extremely important role in people's daily lives. However, heating accidents in substations in the power system occur frequently, which seriously affects the economic benefits and reliability of safe operation of the power system. With the rapid development of the national economy, the power load is getting bigger and bigger, which can easily cause the temperature rise of the equipment in the substation to be too high. If it is not solved in time, it will cause a vicious accident, resulting in significant economic losses.
[0003] In the related technology, for example, the Chinese patent application document with publication number CN114444689A discloses a transformer temperature detection and analysis method. The application document improves the transformer temperature detection and analysis capabilities, facilitates the retrieval and analysis of the transformer temperature, and can detect the system's own faults at the same time, making it easier to discover and handle related faults, thereby improving the reliability of the transformer temperature monitoring system, further improving the safe operation level of the transformer, and ensuring the safety of the transformer and the power grid.
[0004] At present, most of the existing technologies use the temperature change of transformer oil temperature to determine whether a fault occurs. However, it is inaccurate to test the safety of the transformer only through the temperature data of the transformer. For example, when the temperature data is seriously abnormal, it cannot be determined that the transformer has failed. It may also be because the ambient temperature has an impact on the temperature data of the transformer. When the temperature data is slightly abnormal, it cannot be guaranteed that the transformer will not fail. Therefore, there are errors in testing the safety of the substation only by temperature data, resulting in inaccurate results of the safety test. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention provides a smart substation safety test system and method, aiming to solve the problem in the related art that only relying on temperature data to test the safety of the substation is erroneous, resulting in inaccurate safety test results.
[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a smart substation safety test method, comprising: collecting temperature data of the transformer, segmenting the temperature data, and obtaining temperature data of each target temperature segment, which are , … ,in, Indicates the total number of target temperature segments; the first The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range ; Obtain the vibration frequency segment of the transformer corresponding to the target temperature segment, and calculate the first Correction factor for target temperature range , the calculation formula is: ; In the formula, Indicates The number of frequency points in the vibration frequency band, Indicates The vibration frequency range frequency points, Indicates the standard data The average value of the frequency in the standard frequency segment; multiplying the mutation degree of each target temperature segment by the corresponding correction coefficient to obtain the corrected mutation degree, and judging the safety of the transformer according to the magnitude of the corrected mutation degree.
[0007] The effect is that by collecting the temperature data of the transformer and comparing it with the standard data, the degree of mutation is determined according to the difference between the two to judge the safety of the transformer. And the temperature data is corrected by the vibration frequency of the transformer, which solves the problem of errors in testing the safety of the substation only by temperature data and improves the accuracy of the test results.
[0008] In one embodiment, the temperature data is processed in sections to obtain target temperature sections, including: dividing the temperature data according to the same preset time to obtain target temperature sections.
[0009] In one embodiment, segmenting the temperature data to obtain each target temperature segment includes: segmenting the temperature data according to quartiles to obtain each target temperature segment;
[0010] In one embodiment, the target temperature segment is compared with the standard data to obtain the first The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range , the calculation formula is: ; In the formula, Indicates The variance of the temperature data in the target temperature range, Indicates the standard data The variance of temperature data in the standard temperature range.
[0011] The effect is that the variance is used to calculate the degree of fluctuation of the data. This is because the variance is the average of the squares of the deviations of the individual data points from the mean. It measures the degree of dispersion or dispersion of the values in the data set, and through the variance, we can understand the distribution range or degree of fluctuation of the temperature data.
[0012] In one embodiment, the mutation degree of each target temperature segment is multiplied by the corresponding correction coefficient to obtain the corrected mutation degree, including: The degree of mutation after correction in the target temperature range = ; In the formula, Indicates The degree of mutation in the target temperature range, Indicates Correction factor for the target temperature range.
[0013] In one embodiment, judging the safety of the transformer according to the magnitude of the modified mutation degree includes: If the degree of sudden change of the target temperature section after correction is greater than the first threshold, the safety of the transformer is low and an alarm is issued; If the degree of mutation of the target temperature section after correction is less than the first threshold, the transformer is highly safe and no alarm is issued.
[0014] In one embodiment, it is characterized in that the safety of the transformer is judged according to the corrected mutation degree, and also includes: in response to the corrected mutation degrees of three adjacent target temperature sections being greater than a third threshold, the safety of the transformer is low and an alarm is issued.
[0015] In one embodiment, judging the safety of the transformer based on the magnitude of the corrected mutation degree also includes: calculating the sum of the corrected mutation degrees of at least two adjacent target temperature segments, comparing the sum of the corrected mutation degrees with a second threshold, and judging the safety of the transformer.
[0016] In one embodiment, the preset time is one hour.
[0017] In a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a smart substation safety testing system, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement any of the smart substation safety testing methods described above.
[0018] Beneficial effect: By collecting the temperature data of the transformer and comparing it with the standard data, the degree of mutation is determined according to the difference between the two to judge the safety of the transformer. Considering that there are errors in testing the safety of the substation only by temperature data, the temperature data is corrected by the vibration frequency of the transformer, and the accuracy of the test results is improved, so as to better judge the safety of the substation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] By reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein:
[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart schematically illustrating the determination of transformer safety according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] In one embodiment, the transformer is a major component of a substation. The insulating oil of the transformer plays an important role in cooling and insulating during operation, and its temperature change is also affected by many factors. When an internal fault occurs in the transformer, such as partial discharge, insulation damage or short circuit, the temperature of the insulating oil will rise abnormally, and the temperature of the transformer will also rise.
[0025] And when the transformer temperature is abnormal, the transformer should be monitored and handled in time. Because the transformer temperature is too high, it may cause serious consequences such as equipment damage, power outage and even fire. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the safety of the transformer in time to protect the safe and stable operation of the entire substation.
[0026] At present, most of the existing technologies use the temperature change of the transformer oil temperature to determine whether a fault has occurred. However, it is inaccurate to test the safety of the transformer only through the temperature data of the transformer. For example, when the temperature data is seriously abnormal, it cannot be determined that the transformer has failed. It may also be because the ambient temperature has an impact on the temperature data of the transformer. When the temperature data is slightly abnormal, it cannot be guaranteed that the transformer will not fail. Therefore, there are errors in testing the safety of the substation only by temperature data, resulting in inaccurate results of the safety test.
[0027] like Figure 1As shown, step S101: collecting temperature data and performing segmented processing to obtain each target temperature segment.
[0028] In one embodiment, the temperature data (oil temperature) of the transformer is collected and the temperature data is processed in sections to obtain the target temperature sections. , … ,in, Indicates the total number of target temperature segments.
[0029] In one embodiment, the temperature data of the transformer can be measured by a variety of different sensors, including but not limited to: infrared temperature measurement method: an infrared thermometer can be used to measure the temperature of the transformer non-contactly, to detect the temperature of the transformer, and to collect the temperature data of the transformer; an ordinary thermometer, using an immersion probe of an ordinary thermometer, immersed to a certain depth below the oil surface of the transformer to measure the oil temperature.
[0030] The device for collecting the vibration frequency of the transformer includes but is not limited to: a vibration sensor or an acceleration sensor, which is used to measure the acceleration or vibration of the transformer in different directions, and can be used to determine the frequency and amplitude of the transformer vibration, so as to collect the vibration frequency of the transformer.
[0031] In one embodiment, after the transformer has been running for a period of time, the heat balance inside and outside the transformer reaches a stable state. At this time, the temperature of the insulating oil tends to stabilize at a relatively constant value, which is called the thermal equilibrium temperature. In this application, the thermal equilibrium temperature is detected and tested to determine the safety of the transformer. In order to detect the accuracy of the data, the temperature data is segmented to obtain each target temperature segment, and each target temperature segment is , … ,in, Indicates the total number of target temperature segments.
[0032] In one embodiment, the temperature data is processed in segments, including: dividing the temperature data by time, and dividing the temperature data into equal intervals according to preset time. For example, the temperature data of the transformer is collected every X hours, and X hours can be 1 hour, half an hour or 2 hours. The time can be preset according to actual needs.
[0033] In another embodiment, the temperature data may be segmented according to quartiles, and the temperature data may be divided into four equal parts.
[0034] Step S102: According to the degree of proximity between the temperature data of the target temperature segment and the standard data, the first The degree of mutation in the target temperature range.
[0035] In one embodiment, the target temperature segment is compared with the standard data to see whether the fluctuation between the target temperature segment and the standard data is large. If the fluctuation between the target temperature segment and the standard data is large, that is, the temperature data of the target temperature segment is close to the standard data, it means that the temperature mutation of the transformer is serious, resulting in low safety of the substation. If the fluctuation between the target temperature segment and the standard data is small, that is, the temperature data of the target temperature segment is close to the standard data, it means that the temperature mutation of the transformer is small, and the safety of the substation is still relatively high.
[0036] Regarding the acquisition of standard data: the temperature data of multiple fault-free transformers during operation can be collected in advance, and the average value of the temperature data of multiple transformers can be used as the standard data. In addition, the standard data needs to be segmented in the same way as above (the way of segmenting temperature data), where the standard data includes standard temperature and standard frequency. Specifically, the standard temperature data is segmented to obtain each standard temperature segment; the standard frequency is segmented to obtain each standard frequency segment.
[0037] In one embodiment, regarding The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range The calculation formula is: , where Indicates The variance of the temperature data in the target temperature range, Indicates the standard data The variance of the temperature data in the target temperature range. The reason why variance is used for calculation is that the variance is the average of the squares of the deviations between each data point and the mean. It measures the degree of dispersion or dispersion of the values in the data set, and through the variance, the distribution range or fluctuation of the temperature data can be understood. The larger the difference, the The fluctuation degree of the temperature data in the target temperature range is different from that in the standard data. The closer the standard temperature range is, the The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range The larger the value, the greater the possibility of failure. The fluctuation degree of the temperature data in the target temperature range is different from that in the standard data. The closer the standard temperature range is, the The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range The smaller it is, the smaller the possibility of failure is, and the safety of the transformer is higher.
[0038] In another embodiment, the mutation degree of the target temperature segment can also be calculated based on the average value of the target temperature segment and the average value between the corresponding standard temperature segments. Specifically, the difference between the average value of the target temperature segment and the average value between the corresponding standard temperature segments can be calculated, and the absolute value of the difference is used as the mutation degree of the target temperature segment.
[0039] For example, The average value of the target temperature section is P1, The average value of the standard temperature section is P2. The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range, The degree of mutation of the target temperature segment is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the two = .
[0040] In another embodiment, the ratio of the average value of the target temperature segment to the average value of the corresponding standard temperature segment is used as the mutation degree, the ratio = P1 / P2, and the ratio is used as the first The degree of mutation in the target temperature range.
[0041] However, it is inaccurate to test the safety of the transformer only through the temperature data of the transformer. For example, when the temperature data has a serious mutation, it cannot be determined that the transformer has failed. When the temperature data has a minor abnormality, it cannot be guaranteed that the transformer will not fail. Therefore, it is inaccurate to test the safety of the substation only by the mutation degree of the temperature data. Therefore, the present invention also mentions the vibration frequency of the transformer, which is a factor that affects the safety of the transformer, and weights the temperature data according to the change of the vibration frequency, thereby improving the accuracy of the substation safety test through temperature data, so another reference factor is proposed in the following steps to correct the temperature data.
[0042] Step S103: Calculate the correction coefficient of each target temperature section.
[0043] In one embodiment, the vibration frequency segment of the transformer corresponding to the target temperature segment is obtained. Specifically, the vibration frequency of the transformer during operation is first collected by a vibration sensor, and the vibration frequency segment is obtained according to the vibration frequency of the transformer in the corresponding time of each target temperature segment. Then the vibration frequency segment is compared with the corresponding standard frequency segment. If the difference between the two is too large, it means that the abnormality of the vibration frequency segment of the transformer is large, and the correction coefficient of the target temperature segment corresponding to the vibration frequency segment is larger. If the difference between the two is too large, it means that the abnormality of the vibration frequency segment of the transformer is small, and the correction coefficient of the target temperature segment corresponding to the vibration frequency segment is smaller.
[0044] In one embodiment, the calculation Correction factor for target temperature range The calculation formula is: ; In the formula, Indicates The number of frequency points in the vibration frequency band, Indicates The vibration frequency range frequency points, Indicates the standard data The average value of the frequency in the standard frequency band. Among them, the correction factor The larger the The more serious the abnormality of the vibration frequency band, the more serious the correction factor The larger the The smaller the vibration frequency band, the less abnormal it is.
[0045] Step S104: Correct the degree of mutation of each target temperature segment.
[0046] In one embodiment, the mutation degree of each target temperature segment is multiplied by the corresponding correction coefficient to obtain the corrected mutation degree, and the safety of the transformer is judged according to the corrected mutation degree. If the modified mutation degree of the target temperature section is greater than the first threshold, the transformer is in low safety and an alarm is issued; if the If the degree of mutation of the target temperature section after correction is less than the first threshold, the transformer is highly safe and no alarm is issued.
[0047] The correction formula for the mutation degree of each target temperature segment is as follows: = ;in, Expressed as The degree of mutation after correction in the target temperature range. Indicates The degree of mutation in the target temperature range, Indicates Correction factor for the target temperature range.
[0048] Step S105: judging the safety of the transformer according to the magnitude of the corrected mutation degree.
[0049] In one embodiment, if the safety level of the substation is to be set to a high level, the target temperature of each segment can be modified to obtain the corrected mutation level. Compare with a first threshold.
[0050] For example, the transformer target temperature segments are collected into four segments, namely the first target temperature segment, the second target temperature segment, the third target temperature segment and the fourth target temperature segment. According to the above method, the modified mutation degree of the first target temperature segment, the second target temperature segment, the third target temperature segment and the fourth target temperature segment is calculated. They are , , and ,and .
[0051] In one embodiment, judging the safety of the transformer according to the magnitude of the modified mutation degree includes: If the modified mutation degree of the target temperature section is greater than the first threshold, the transformer is in low safety and an alarm is issued; if the If the modified mutation degree of the target temperature segment is less than the first threshold, the transformer is safe and no alarm is issued. For example, if the first threshold Y1 is less than the modified mutation degree of the third target temperature segment Then, when the temperature data of the third target temperature section is collected, an alarm can be issued to notify the staff to inspect and repair the transformer.
[0052] In another embodiment, judging the safety of the transformer according to the magnitude of the modified mutation degree further includes: in response to the modified mutation degrees of the three adjacent target temperature segments being greater than the third threshold, the transformer safety is low and an alarm is issued. Exemplarily, the modified mutation degrees of the three adjacent target temperature segments are respectively , and , at this time you need , , are both greater than the third threshold value Y3, an alarm can be issued. , and If any one of them does not meet the condition of being greater than the third threshold value Y3, no alarm is required.
[0053] In another embodiment, regarding judging the safety of the transformer according to the magnitude of the corrected mutation degree, the safety of the transformer can also be judged based on the sum of the corrected mutation degrees of each target temperature segment, by comparing the sum of the corrected mutation degrees with a second threshold.
[0054] For example, the second threshold is Y2, and five target temperature segments are collected during the operation of the transformer, and the mutation degrees of the five target temperature segments after correction are , , , and Then the sum of the corrected mutation degrees of each target temperature segment is: ,in, It indicates the sum of the corrected mutation degrees of each target temperature segment. If W is greater than Y2, it means that the greater the abnormality of the transformer, the greater the possibility of a safety accident, and it also indicates that the safety of the transformer is low. At this time, an alarm is issued to notify the staff to repair the transformer. On the contrary, if W is less than Y2, it means that the abnormality of the transformer is smaller, the transformer is still within the safe range, and the safety of the transformer can be guaranteed. At this time, there is no need to issue an alarm, and the transformer can continue to be monitored for safety.
[0055] According to the above steps, the temperature data of the transformer is collected and compared with the standard data, and the degree of mutation is determined according to the difference between the two. The greater the degree of mutation, the greater the possibility of abnormality in the transformer. Considering that there are errors in testing the safety of the substation only by temperature data, the temperature data is corrected by the vibration frequency of the transformer, and the accuracy of the test results is improved, so as to better judge the safety of the substation.
[0056] The present invention also provides a smart substation safety test system. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a smart substation safety testing method according to the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.
[0057] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a computer device whose internal structure can be as follows: Figure 2As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities, and various varieties such as CPU, single-chip microcomputer, DSP or FPGA can be selected. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the steps described in the above method embodiment can be completed, such as S101-step S105. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be implemented through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a smart substation safety test method is implemented. The display screen of the computer device can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device shell, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.
[0058] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 2 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the scheme of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device of the present invention. The specific computer device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
[0059] The system also includes other components familiar to those skilled in the art, such as a communication bus and a communication interface, whose configuration and functions are known in the art and thus will not be described in detail here.
[0060] In the present invention, the aforementioned memory may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device. For example, a computer-readable storage medium may be any appropriate magnetic storage medium or magneto-optical storage medium, such as a resistive random access memory RRAM (Resistive Random Access Memory), a dynamic random access memory DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), a static random access memory SRAM (Static Random-Access Memory), an enhanced dynamic random access memory EDRAM (Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory), a high-bandwidth memory HBM (High-Bandwidth Memory), a hybrid memory cube HMC (Hybrid Memory Cube), etc., or any other medium that can be used to store the required information and can be accessed by an application, a module, or both. Any such computer storage medium may be part of a device or accessible or connectable to a device. Any application or module described in the present invention may be implemented using computer-readable / executable instructions that may be stored or otherwise maintained by such a computer-readable medium.
[0061] In the description of this specification, "plurality" or "several" means at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0062] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0063] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A smart substation safety testing method, characterized in that: include: Collect the temperature data of the transformer, process the temperature data in sections, and obtain the temperature data of each target temperature section, which are , … ,in, Indicates the total number of target temperature segments; According to the degree of proximity between the temperature data of the target temperature section and the standard data, the The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range ; Obtain the vibration frequency segment of the transformer corresponding to the target temperature segment, and calculate the Correction factor for target temperature range , the calculation formula is: ； In the formula, Indicates The number of frequency points in the vibration frequency band, Indicates The vibration frequency range frequency points, Indicates the standard data The average value of frequencies in the standard frequency band; The mutation degree of each target temperature segment is multiplied by the corresponding correction coefficient to obtain the corrected mutation degree. = ; In the formula, Indicates The degree of mutation in the target temperature range, Indicates Correction factor for target temperature range; The safety of the transformer is judged according to the magnitude of the corrected mutation degree.
2. The smart substation safety testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature data is processed in sections to obtain target temperature sections, including: The temperature data is divided according to the same preset time to obtain each target temperature segment.
3. The smart substation safety testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature data is processed in sections to obtain target temperature sections, including: The temperature data is segmented according to quartiles to obtain target temperature segments.
4. The smart substation safety testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Compare the target temperature segment with the standard data to obtain the The degree of sudden change in the target temperature range , the calculation formula is: ； In the formula, Indicates The variance of the temperature data in the target temperature range, Indicates the standard data The variance of temperature data in the standard temperature range.
5. The smart substation safety testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety of the transformer is judged according to the magnitude of the modified mutation degree, including: In response to If the degree of mutation after correction of the target temperature section is greater than the first threshold, the safety of the transformer is low and an alarm is issued; In response to If the degree of mutation of the target temperature section after correction is less than the first threshold, the transformer is highly safe and no alarm is issued.
6. The smart substation safety testing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that The safety of the transformer is judged according to the corrected mutation degree, including: In response to the fact that the corrected mutation degrees of the three adjacent target temperature sections are all greater than the third threshold, the safety of the transformer is low and an alarm is issued.
7. The smart substation safety testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Judging the safety of the transformer according to the corrected mutation degree also includes: The sum of the corrected mutation degrees of at least two adjacent target temperature sections is calculated, the sum of the corrected mutation degrees is compared with the second threshold, and the safety of the transformer is judged.
8. The smart substation safety testing method according to any one of claim 2, characterized in that: The preset time is one hour.
9. A smart substation safety test system, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program to implement the smart substation safety testing method according to any one of claims 1-8.