A kind of hydraulic turbine spiral case welding device and method

Abstract

The application provides a hydraulic turbine spiral case welding device and method, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic turbine spiral case welding, and comprises a supporting circular table, through holes of uniformly distributed sliders are arranged on the tabletop of the supporting circular table, the sliders slide along the radial direction of the supporting circular table, and the top of the slider is detachably connected with a lateral hanging mechanism, the lateral hanging mechanism comprises a rectangular positioning frame, a V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp, a middle positioning shaft and a middle driving shaft, and the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp is arranged on one side of the rectangular positioning frame close to the axis of the supporting circular table. In the application, the lateral hanging mechanism is arranged, so that different specifications of spliced unit shells can be accurately positioned at the same horizontal height, the sliders are arranged, so that different specifications of spliced unit shells can be butt-jointed into complete spiral case shapes, the butt joints between adjacent spliced unit shells are in an orderly state, the arrangement improves the positioning efficiency of each spliced unit shell, and improves the quality after subsequent welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turbine spiral casing welding technology, specifically to a turbine spiral casing welding device and method. Background Technology

[0002] A water turbine is a power machine that converts the energy of flowing water into rotational mechanical energy. It belongs to the category of turbine machinery within fluid machinery. Modern water turbines are mostly installed in hydroelectric power stations to drive generators. In a hydroelectric power station, water from the upstream reservoir is drawn to the water turbine through a water intake pipe, driving the turbine runner to rotate and powering the generator. The water that has done its work is then discharged downstream through the tailrace pipe. The higher the water head and the greater the flow rate, the higher the output power of the water turbine.

[0003] Currently, water turbines are enormous, and their casings are mainly composed of two parts: the volute and the volute ring. The volute surrounds the outer circumference of the volute ring. The volute ring is welded separately and then welded to the volute. Because the volute is vortex-shaped and its outer diameter changes regularly, it is divided into several spliced ​​unit shells. These spliced ​​unit shells are characterized by angularly dividing the entire volute. When welding the volute, several spliced ​​unit shells are joined together and then welded at the joint. To improve welding efficiency, all spliced ​​unit shells and the volute ring are usually welded together.

[0004] Although CN105537787A discloses a welding method for turbine spiral casing, which involves first adjusting and positioning the positioning section of the turbine spiral casing and performing locating welds on the circumferential seams of the spiral casing sub-sections; then welding one or both sides of the positioning section to the circumferential seams of adjacent spiral casing sub-sections, followed by welding the circumferential seams of the adjacent spiral casing sub-sections to the next spiral casing sub-section; then welding the upper and lower butterfly edges of the positioning section, or simultaneously welding the circumferential seams of the next spiral casing sub-section and the next after that; then welding the upper and lower butterfly edges of the next spiral casing sub-section, or simultaneously welding the circumferential seams of the next after that spiral casing sub-section to another spiral casing sub-section, and so on, to weld the remaining spiral casing sub-sections, this welding method does not utilize welding fixtures. This makes positioning and adjusting the spiral casing sub-sections inconvenient during the welding process and cannot guarantee good positioning accuracy.

[0005] Furthermore, although CN109304566 A discloses a welding device and method for using a turbine spiral casing, including a welding table, a positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the inner surface of the welding table, a positioning rod slidably connected to the middle of the positioning cylinder, a bearing plate fixedly connected to one end of the positioning rod above the positioning cylinder, and horizontal plates fixedly connected to the top of the positioning cylinder on both sides of the positioning rod, with horizontal bars movably connected to the sides of the horizontal plates, this welding device is mainly used for welding the longitudinal weld seams of the spiral casing.

[0006] In summary, existing auxiliary equipment for volute welding still has the following shortcomings: (1) Existing welding equipment usually uses steel structure to weld splicing unit shells, and then uses steel structure to support splicing unit shells so that splicing unit shells are around the outer periphery of the volute ring seat and are in a fixed state. However, in order to ensure that all splicing unit shells are at the same height, the position of welding the steel structure and splicing unit shells needs to be repeatedly adjusted, so there is a defect of low positioning efficiency of splicing unit shells. (2) When the splicing unit shell is welded to the volute ring seat, deformation is likely to occur, which may cause the volute ring seat to misalign. In other words, during the process of welding the splicing unit shell into the volute, there is a lack of a reliable positioning structure for the volute ring seat, which may cause the volute ring seat to tilt relative to the volute. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the existing technical problems, the main objective of this invention is to provide a welding device and method for turbine spiral casings. This device, by setting a lateral hooking mechanism, facilitates the precise positioning of splicing unit shells of different specifications at the same horizontal height. By setting a slider, it facilitates the joining of splicing unit shells of different specifications into a complete spiral casing shape, ensuring that the joint seams between adjacent splicing unit shells are neat. This design greatly improves the efficiency of positioning each splicing unit shell and also improves the quality of subsequent welding.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the present invention aims to provide a turbine spiral casing welding device, characterized in that it includes a supporting frustum, on which a circumferentially evenly distributed slider is disposed through the surface of the supporting frustum. The slider slides along the radial direction of the supporting frustum. A lateral hooking mechanism is detachably connected to the top of the slider. The lateral hooking mechanism includes a rectangular positioning frame, a V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp, a central positioning shaft, and a central drive shaft. The V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp is disposed on the side of the rectangular positioning frame near the axis of the supporting frustum, and the opening of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp faces the axis of the supporting frustum. The central positioning shaft is located inside the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp. The axis of the central positioning shaft is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of the supporting frustum. The central drive shaft is rotatably connected to the rectangular positioning frame, and the axis of the central drive shaft coincides with the axis of the central positioning shaft. The central drive shaft is used to control the opening and closing of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp, and the centerline of the opening of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp coincides with the axis of the central drive shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the support platform is provided with grooves that are radially and evenly distributed for the sliding block to pass through.

[0010] Preferably, the plane of the rectangular positioning frame coincides with the diameter of the supporting frustum. The V-shaped movable clamp includes an upper clamping rod, a lower clamping rod, and a tail shaft. The upper and lower clamping rods are rotatably and slidably connected to the inner column on the rectangular positioning frame, respectively. One end of the middle drive shaft is rotatably connected to the inner column. The threaded section of the middle drive shaft is screwed through and connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tail shaft to form a threaded transmission connection. One end of the upper and lower clamping rods is hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the tail shaft, respectively. One end of the middle positioning shaft is welded to the outer peripheral wall of the inner column.

[0011] Preferably, both the upper and lower clamping rods have clearance notches, and a guide sleeve fitted on the outside of the inner column is rotatably connected within the clearance notch.

[0012] Preferably, the other ends of the upper clamping rod and the lower clamping rod are each provided with a U-shaped limiting notch.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting platform is welded to the middle of the bottom end of the supporting frustum, and a circumferentially evenly distributed drive screw is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the connecting platform. The drive screw and the slider are connected and rotated together to form a threaded transmission connection.

[0014] Preferably, a support platform is welded to the center of the top of the supporting frustum, and a limiting frustum with an outer diameter smaller than that of the support platform is welded to the top of the support platform. A coaxial limiting shaft is welded to the top of the limiting frustum, and a limiting tube is sleeved on the limiting shaft. Three circumferentially evenly distributed support rods are hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the limiting tube. The rotation plane of the support rods coincides with the axis of the limiting shaft. An arc-shaped support is welded to the free end of the support rod, and the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support is connected to the support rod.

[0015] Preferably, a portal frame is welded to the top of the limiting tube, and a lead screw is screwed through the top of the portal frame to form a threaded transmission connection. The bottom of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the limiting shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the slider is provided with a placement groove, and the support beam at the bottom of the rectangular positioning frame is inserted into the placement groove. The support beam is connected to the placement groove by bolts.

[0017] This invention provides a method for welding a turbine spiral casing using a turbine spiral casing welding device, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Preparations before volute welding: Weld a connecting pipe to the middle of the outer arc wall of each splicing unit shell of different specifications, and then weld a lifting lug to the top of the outer arc wall of each splicing unit shell. This connecting pipe and lifting lug are auxiliary components. After the volute shell is welded, use a cutting machine to cut off the connecting pipe and lifting lug. Step 2, Prepare the welding equipment: Remove two adjacent lateral hooking mechanisms from their corresponding sliders. The resulting gap is the interface for the straight pipe section of the turbine volute. Control the rotation of the central drive shaft on each lateral hooking mechanism so that the upper and lower clamping rods on the lateral hooking mechanism are in a fully open state. Step 3: Hoisting and installing the various modular unit shells of different specifications: Using a gantry crane and lifting ropes, lift a relatively large splicing unit shell and move it to one side of a lateral hooking mechanism near the gap. Then, control the movement and up-and-down motion of the gantry crane to insert one end of the connecting pipe and the center positioning shaft. Then, control the lifting lug to enter the U-shaped limiting gap. At this point, weld the connecting pipe and the center positioning shaft together. Then, control the rotation of the center drive shaft and the movement of the tail shaft away from the inner column. The upper and lower clamping rods clamp the current splicing unit shell. At this point, the fastening connection between the current splicing unit shell and a lateral hooking mechanism is completed. The remaining splicing unit shells and their corresponding lateral hooking mechanisms are fastened in the same way. Step 4: Lift and lower the volute ring seat: Using a gantry crane, the volute ring seat is lifted onto the support platform. The inner ring at the bottom of the volute ring seat is fitted onto the limiting round platform. Then, the screw is controlled to rotate, driving the limiting tube to descend. The support rod is then swung outward so that the arc-shaped support can be fastened to the fixed opening wall of the volute ring seat. Then, the limiting tube is controlled to descend further, and the support rod presses against the inner circumference of the top opening of the volute ring seat. At this time, the entire volute ring seat is fastened to the support platform, completing the positioning of the volute ring seat. Step 5, docking and welding: The control screw rotates, and the slider drives the lateral hooking mechanism to move towards the center of the supporting frustum. It stops when the corresponding splicing unit shell of the slider presses against the volute ring seat. The remaining drive screws are operated in the same way. At this time, all the splicing unit shells will press against the volute ring seat, and adjacent splicing unit shells of different specifications will be in a tight fit. Then, the butt joints of the splicing unit shells and the butt joints between the splicing unit shells and the volute ring seat are welded. Finally, the straight pipe section on the machine housing and the gap formed between the splicing unit shells and the volute ring seat are welded together using a lifting tool.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, by setting a lateral hanging mechanism, it is convenient to accurately position splicing unit shells of different specifications at the same horizontal height. By setting a slider, it is convenient to connect splicing unit shells of different specifications into a complete volute shape, so that the joint seam between adjacent splicing unit shells is in a neat state. This setting greatly improves the efficiency of positioning each splicing unit shell and also improves the quality of subsequent welding.

[0019] 2. The lateral hooking mechanism in this invention includes a V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp, a middle drive shaft, and a tail shaft. The opening and closing of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp is controlled by the middle drive shaft through the tail shaft, which can clamp splicing unit shells of different specifications. The lateral hooking mechanism also includes a middle positioning shaft, and a U-shaped limiting notch is set on the upper clamping rod. This setting allows the splicing unit shell to be quickly corrected when docking with the lateral hooking mechanism, reducing the difficulty of positioning the splicing unit shell.

[0020] 3. By setting up a support platform, limiting shaft, limiting tube and support rod in this invention, the fixing of the volute ring seat is more reliable, and there will be no displacement problem when the volute ring seat and all the splicing unit shells on the outer periphery are connected. This improves the deformation resistance strength when the volute ring seat and the splicing unit shell are combined and welded, thereby improving the welding efficiency of the entire turbine shell. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drive screw and the slider of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part a in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral attachment mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the volute structure to be welded according to the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Supporting frustum; 12. Support platform; 121. Limiting frustum; 1211. Limiting shaft; 13. Connecting platform; 14. Slide groove; 131. Drive screw; 2. Slider; 21. Placement groove; 3. Lateral hanging mechanism; 31. Rectangular positioning frame; 311. Inner column; 312. Support beam; 32. V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp; 321. Upper clamping rod; 3211. U-shaped limiting notch; 322. Lower clamping rod; 323. Tail shaft; 33. Middle positioning shaft; 34. Middle drive shaft; 341. Threaded section; 35. Bolt; 4. Clearance notch; 41. Guide sleeve; 5. Limiting tube; 51. Portal frame; 6. Support rod; 61. Arc-shaped support; 7. Screw; 8. Volute; 81. Splicing unit shell; 82. Volute ring seat. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1: Please see Figure 1-3 and Figure 5-6 A turbine spiral casing welding device includes a supporting frustum 1, which serves as a platform for placing splicing unit shells 81. The cross-section of the splicing unit shell 81 is C-shaped. Slider blocks 2 are evenly distributed circumferentially through the surface of the supporting frustum 1. The spiral casing 8 is formed by welding multiple splicing unit shells 81. One slider 2 corresponds to one splicing unit shell. The slider 2 slides along the radial direction of the supporting frustum 1. A lateral hanging mechanism 3 is detachably connected to the top of the slider 2. This lateral hanging mechanism 3 is used to hang the splicing unit shells. Since the spiral casing is vortex-shaped, controlling the slider 2 to slide will cause multiple splicing unit shells to form a spiral casing structure with a notch. It should be noted that the notch is the straight pipe connection interface of the spiral casing. Furthermore, since the existing spiral casing exhibits a decreasing diameter from the outside to the inside along the spiral trajectory, the aforementioned lateral hanging mechanism 3 has the characteristic of hanging splicing unit shells of different specifications and can also keep all the splicing unit shells on the same horizontal plane.

[0031] Specifically, the lateral mounting mechanism 3 includes a rectangular positioning frame 31, a V-shaped movable clamp 32, a central positioning shaft 33, and a central drive shaft 34. The rectangular positioning frame 31 supports the V-shaped movable clamp 32, the central positioning shaft 33, and the central drive shaft 34, and ensures the support strength. The V-shaped movable clamp 32 is located on the rectangular positioning frame 31 on the side close to the axis of the supporting frustum 1. The opening of the V-shaped movable clamp 32 faces the axis of the supporting frustum 1. When the size of the opening of the V-shaped movable clamp 32 changes, it can clamp splicing unit shells of different specifications. The central positioning shaft 33 is located inside the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped movable clamp 32, and its axis is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of the supporting frustum 1. The function of the central positioning shaft 33 is to position the splicing unit shell. It is important to note that before the splicing unit shell is connected to the lateral mounting mechanism 3, auxiliary mounting components need to be welded. Specifically, a connecting pipe is welded to the middle of the outer arc wall of the splicing unit shell. The axis of the connecting pipe must pass through the volute of the volute. When the splicing unit shell is connected to the lateral mounting mechanism 3, the connecting pipe is first inserted onto the central positioning shaft 33. Then, the V-shaped vertical clamp 32 is controlled to bite the splicing unit shell, which facilitates quick leveling of the splicing unit shell. After the unit shell is leveled, the connection between the connecting pipe and the central positioning shaft 33 is spot welded. At this time, a single splicing unit shell is fastened to the lateral mounting mechanism 3. Then, by controlling the slider 2 to slide, the splicing unit shell can be moved towards the center line of the supporting frustum 1, thereby realizing the connection of multiple splicing unit shells.

[0032] Furthermore, the central drive shaft 34 and the rectangular positioning frame 31 are rotatably connected, and their axis coincides with the axis of the central positioning shaft 33. The central drive shaft 34 is used to control the opening and closing of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp 32, and the center line of the opening of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp 32 coincides with the axis of the central drive shaft 34.

[0033] Furthermore, the supporting frustum 1 is provided with radially evenly distributed grooves 14 for the slider 2 to pass through. The grooves 14 limit the sliding of the slider 2, ensuring its smooth sliding, and thereby driving the lateral hooking mechanism 3 to slide radially along the supporting frustum 1.

[0034] Specifically, the plane of the rectangular positioning frame 31 coincides with the diameter of the supporting frustum 1. The V-shaped movable clamp 32 includes an upper clamping rod 321, a lower clamping rod 322, and a tail shaft 323. The rods of the upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322 are rotatably and slidably connected to the inner column 311 on the rectangular positioning frame 31. Specifically, the rods of the upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322 are provided with clearance notches 4. A guide sleeve 41 sleeved on the outside of the inner column 311 is rotatably connected in the clearance notches 4. The inner column 311 guides the upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322 to swing up and down. One end of the middle drive shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the inner column 311. The threaded section 341 of the middle drive shaft 34 is screwed through and connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tail shaft 323 to form a threaded transmission connection. One end of the upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322 are respectively hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the tail shaft 323. When the middle drive shaft 34 rotates, it will drive the tail shaft 323 to move along the axial direction of the middle drive shaft 34. The tail shaft 323 will drive the upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322 to open and close. One end of the middle positioning shaft 33 is welded to the outer peripheral wall of the inner column 311. The inner column 311 supports the middle drive shaft 34, the middle positioning shaft 33, the upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322. This connection method can improve the support strength of the rectangular positioning frame 31. The central drive shaft 34 can be passed through the outer column on the rectangular positioning frame 31, thereby improving the strength of the transmission control of the central drive shaft 34.

[0035] Furthermore, a U-shaped limiting notch 3211 is provided at the other end of the upper clamping rod 321. This U-shaped limiting notch 3211 is an auxiliary docking interface. A lifting lug is welded to the outer arc wall of the splicing unit shell near the top. This lifting lug is connected to the gantry crane through a lifting rope. When the splicing unit shell is docked with the side hanging mechanism 3, the docking pipe and the central positioning shaft 33 are inserted, and then the lifting lug is placed in the U-shaped limiting notch 3211. At this time, the entire splicing unit shell will be directly horizontally limited before being clamped by the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamps 32, so that the splicing unit shell is in a horizontal state, further improving the docking efficiency of the splicing unit shell and the side hanging mechanism 3.

[0036] In this embodiment, a connecting platform 13 is welded to the middle of the supporting frustum 1. The outer peripheral wall of the connecting platform 13 is rotatably connected to a circumferentially evenly distributed drive screw 131. The drive screw 131 and the slider 2 are connected through and screwed together. The function of the drive screw 131 is to control the slider 2 to slide along the radial direction of the connecting platform 13, thereby driving the lateral hooking mechanism 3 to slide through the slider 2.

[0037] In this embodiment, the top of the slider 2 is provided with a placement groove 21, and the support beam 312 at the bottom of the rectangular positioning frame 31 is inserted into the placement groove 21. The support beam 312 is connected to the placement groove 21 by bolts 35. After removing the bolts, part of the rectangular positioning frame 31 can be removed, and then part of the lateral hanging mechanism 3 can be removed.

[0038] Example 2: Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 , 6 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that a support platform 12 is welded to the middle of the top of the supporting frustum 1, and a limiting frustum 121 with an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the support platform 12 is welded to the top of the support platform 12. This limiting frustum 121 is used to limit the bottom of the volute ring seat 82. The volute ring seat 82 is a component of the water guide body of the turbine. It is set in the middle of the volute 8. The axis of the volute ring seat 82 coincides with the volute center. After the volute ring seat 82 and the volute are welded together, a complete turbine casing is formed. A coaxial limiting shaft 1211 is welded to the top of the limiting frustum 121. A limiting tube 5 is sleeved on the limiting shaft 1211. Three circumferentially evenly distributed support rods 6 are hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the limiting tube 5. The support rods 6 are positioned close to the top of the limiting tube 5. The rotation plane of the support rod 6 coincides with the axis of the limiting shaft 1211. An arc-shaped support 61 is welded to the free end of the support rod 6. The outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support 61 is connected to the support rod 6. The arc-shaped support 61 serves to limit the top opening wall of the volute ring seat 82. That is, when the arc-shaped support 61 is pressed against the top opening of the volute ring seat 82 and the limiting tube 5 is slid downward, the support rod 6 is approximately horizontal. Thus, the three support rods 6, together with the limiting frustum 121, securely limit the volute ring seat 82 to the supporting frustum 1, preventing displacement of the volute ring seat 82 and the splicing unit shell during welding. When the control limit tube 5 is lifted after welding, the support rod 6 will easily release the limit on the volute ring seat 82, improving the convenience of disassembling the entire casing after welding.

[0039] Furthermore, a gantry frame 51 is welded to the top of the limiting tube 5, and a lead screw 7 is screwed through the top of the gantry frame 51. The bottom of the lead screw 7 is rotatably connected to the limiting shaft 1211. By controlling the rotation of the lead screw 7, the limiting tube 5 can be driven to move up and down through the gantry frame 51.

[0040] Example 3: This embodiment provides a method for welding a turbine spiral casing using a turbine spiral casing welding device, including the following steps: Step 1, Preparations before welding the volute 8: Weld a connecting pipe to the middle of the outer arc wall of each splicing unit shell 81 of different specifications, and then weld a lifting lug to the outer arc wall of each splicing unit shell 81 near the top. This connecting pipe and lifting lug are auxiliary components. After the volute is welded, use a cutting machine to cut off the connecting pipe and lifting lug. Step 2, Prepare the welding equipment: Remove two adjacent lateral hooking mechanisms 3 from the corresponding slider 2. The resulting gap is the interface at the straight pipe end of the turbine volute. Control the rotation of the central drive shaft 34 on each lateral hooking mechanism 3 so that the upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322 on the lateral hooking mechanism 3 are in a fully open state. Step 3: Hoisting the various different sizes of the splicing unit shells 81: Using a gantry crane with lifting ropes, lift a relatively large splicing unit shell 81 and move it to one side of a lateral hooking mechanism 3 near the notch. Then, control the gantry crane to move up and down so that one end of the connecting pipe and the middle positioning shaft 33 are inserted. Then, control the lifting lug to enter the U-shaped limiting notch 3211. At this time, weld the connecting pipe and the middle positioning shaft 33 together. Then, control the middle drive shaft 34 to rotate and the tail shaft 323 to move away from the inner column 311. The upper clamping rod 321 and the lower clamping rod 322 clamp the current splicing unit shell 81. At this time, the current splicing unit shell 81 and a lateral hooking mechanism 3 are fastened together. The remaining splicing unit shells 81 and the corresponding lateral hooking mechanisms 3 are fastened together in the same way. Step 4: Lift and lower the volute ring seat: Using a gantry crane, the volute ring seat 82 is lifted onto the support platform 12. The inner ring at the bottom of the volute ring seat 82 is fitted onto the limiting truncated cone 121. Then, the screw 7 is rotated to drive the limiting tube 5 to descend. Then, the support rod 6 is swung outward so that the arc-shaped support 61 can be fastened to the fixed opening wall of the volute ring seat 82. Then, the limiting tube 5 is lowered again, and the support rod 6 presses against the inner circumference of the top opening of the volute ring seat 82. At this time, the entire volute ring seat 82 is fastened to the support platform 12, completing the positioning of the volute ring seat 82. Step 5, docking and welding: The control screw 131 is rotated, and the slider 2 will drive the lateral hooking mechanism 3 to move towards the center of the supporting truncated cone 1. When the corresponding splicing unit shell 81 of the slider 2 presses against the volute ring seat 82, it stops. The remaining drive screws 131 are operated in the same way. At this time, all the splicing unit shells 81 will press against the volute ring seat 82, and the adjacent splicing unit shells 81 of different specifications will be in a tight fit. Then, the butt joint of the splicing unit shells 81 and the butt joint between the splicing unit shells 81 and the volute ring seat 82 are welded. Finally, the straight pipe section on the machine housing and the gap formed between the splicing unit shells 81 and the volute ring seat 82 are welded using a lifting tool.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding device for a turbine spiral casing, characterized in that, The system includes a supporting frustum (1), on which a circumferentially evenly distributed slider (2) is disposed. The slider (2) slides along the radial direction of the supporting frustum (1). A lateral hooking mechanism (3) is detachably connected to the top of the slider (2). The lateral hooking mechanism (3) includes a rectangular positioning frame (31), a V-shaped movable clamp (32), a central positioning shaft (33), and a central drive shaft (34). The V-shaped movable clamp (32) is disposed on the rectangular positioning frame (31) on one side close to the axis of the supporting frustum (1), and the opening of the V-shaped movable clamp (32) faces the axis of the supporting frustum (1). The central positioning shaft (33) is located inside the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp (32). The axis of the central positioning shaft (33) is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of the supporting frustum (1). The central drive shaft (34) and the rectangular positioning frame (31) are rotatably connected, and the axis of the central drive shaft (34) coincides with the axis of the central positioning shaft (33). The central drive shaft (34) is used to control the opening and closing of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp (32). The center line of the opening of the V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp (32) coincides with the axis of the central drive shaft (34). The plane where the rectangular positioning frame (31) is located coincides with the radial line of the supporting frustum (1). The V-shaped upper and lower movable clamp (32) includes an upper... The structure comprises a clamping rod (321), a lower clamping rod (322), and a tail shaft (323). The upper clamping rod (321) and the lower clamping rod (322) are rotatably and slidably connected to the inner column (311) on the rectangular positioning frame (31), respectively. One end of the middle drive shaft (34) is rotatably connected to the inner column (311). The threaded section (341) of the middle drive shaft (34) is screwed through and joined to the outer peripheral wall of the tail shaft (323) to form a threaded transmission connection. One end of the upper clamping rod (321) and the lower clamping rod (322) are hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the tail shaft (323), respectively. One end of the middle positioning shaft (33) is welded to the outer peripheral wall of the inner column (311). The supporting frustum (1) is connected to a support platform (12) welded to the top center. The support platform (12) is welded to a limiting frustum (121) with an outer diameter smaller than that of the support platform (12). The limiting frustum (121) is welded to a coaxial limiting shaft (1211). A limiting tube (5) is sleeved on the limiting shaft (1211). Three circumferentially evenly distributed support rods (6) are hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the limiting tube (5). The rotation plane of the support rods (6) coincides with the axis of the limiting shaft (1211). An arc-shaped support (61) is welded to the free end of the support rods (6). The outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support (61) is connected to the support rods (6).

2. The turbine spiral casing welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting frustum (1) is provided with grooves (14) that are radially and evenly distributed for passing through the slider (2).

3. The turbine spiral casing welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the upper clamping rod (321) and the lower clamping rod (322) have clearance notches (4) on their shafts, and a guide sleeve (41) sleeved on the outside of the inner column (311) is rotatably connected inside the clearance notches (4).

4. The turbine spiral casing welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other ends of the upper clamping rod (321) and the lower clamping rod (322) are respectively provided with U-shaped limiting notches (3211).

5. The turbine spiral casing welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting truncated cone (1) has a connecting platform (13) welded to the middle of its bottom end. The outer peripheral wall of the connecting platform (13) is rotatably connected to a circumferentially evenly distributed drive screw (131). The drive screw (131) and the slider (2) are connected by a threaded transmission connection.

6. The turbine spiral casing welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the limiting tube (5) is welded with a gantry frame (51), and the top of the gantry frame (51) is threaded with a lead screw (7) to form a threaded transmission connection. The bottom of the lead screw (7) is rotatably connected to the limiting shaft (1211).

7. The turbine spiral casing welding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the slider (2) is provided with a placement groove (21), and the support beam (312) at the bottom of the rectangular positioning frame (31) and the placement groove (21) are inserted and matched. The support beam (312) is connected to the placement groove (21) by bolts (35).

8. A method for welding a turbine spiral casing using the turbine spiral casing welding device described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Preparations for welding the volute (8): Weld a connecting pipe to the middle of the outer arc wall of each splicing unit shell (81) of different specifications, and then weld a lifting lug to the top of the outer arc wall of each splicing unit shell (81). The connecting pipe and the lifting lug are auxiliary components. After the volute is welded, use a cutting machine to cut off the connecting pipe and the lifting lug. Step 2, Prepare the welding equipment: Remove two adjacent lateral hooking mechanisms (3) from the corresponding slider (2), and the gap formed after removal is the interface of the turbine volute straight pipe section. Control the rotation of the middle drive shaft (34) on each lateral hooking mechanism (3) so that the upper clamping rod (321) and lower clamping rod (322) on the lateral hooking mechanism (3) are in a fully open state. Step 3: Hoisting the various sizes of the splicing unit shells (81): Using a gantry crane with a hoisting rope, lift a relatively large splicing unit shell (81), move this splicing unit shell (81) to one side of a lateral hooking mechanism (3) near the gap, then control the gantry crane to move and move up and down so that one end of the connecting pipe and the middle positioning shaft (33) are inserted, then control the lifting lug to enter the U-shaped limiting gap (3211), at this time weld the connecting pipe and the middle positioning shaft (33) together, then control the middle drive shaft (34) to rotate, and the tail shaft (323) to move away from the inner column (311), the upper clamping rod (321) and the lower clamping rod (322) clamp the current splicing unit shell (81), at this time the current splicing unit shell (81) and a lateral hooking mechanism (3) are fastened together, and the remaining splicing unit shells (81) and the corresponding lateral hooking mechanisms (3) are fastened together in this way; Step 4: Lift and lower the volute ring seat: Using a gantry crane, the volute ring seat (82) is hoisted onto the support platform (12). The inner ring at the bottom of the volute ring seat (82) is fitted onto the limiting truncated cone (121). Then, the screw (7) is controlled to rotate, causing the limiting tube (5) to descend. Then, the support rod (6) is swung outward so that the arc support (61) can be fastened to the top wall of the volute ring seat (82). Then, the limiting tube (5) is controlled to descend, and the support rod (6) presses against the inner circumference of the top opening of the volute ring seat (82). At this time, the entire volute ring seat (82) is fastened to the support platform (12), completing the positioning of the volute ring seat (82). Step 5, docking and welding: Control the rotation of the drive screw (131), and the slider (2) will drive the lateral hooking mechanism (3) to move towards the center of the supporting truncated cone (1). When the corresponding splicing unit shell (81) of the slider (2) presses against the volute ring seat (82), stop. Operate the remaining drive screw (131) in this way. At this time, all the splicing unit shells (81) will press against the volute ring seat (82), and the adjacent splicing unit shells (81) of different specifications will be in a tight fit. Then weld the butt joint of the splicing unit shell (81) and the butt joint between the splicing unit shell (81) and the volute ring seat (82). Finally, use the lifting tool to weld the straight pipe section on the machine housing and the gap formed between the splicing unit shell (81) and the volute ring seat (82).

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