A Circuit Breaker Arc Simulation Method Considering the Influence of Ablation Vapor Diffusion and Convection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection. The present invention includes performing coupled simulation on the circuit breaker by using magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equations and a plurality of initial user-defined functions to construct an initial arc dynamic model; performing rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to preset initial boundary conditions to obtain a target arc dynamic model; and performing arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model. The present invention solves the technical problem that multiple arc tests are required for the optimal design of circuit breakers in engineering practice, and the test cost is expensive. The arc simulation model of the present invention is universal for circuit breakers, and optimizes the accuracy of monitoring arc voltage and arc current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breaker arc simulation, and particularly to a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection. Background Art

[0002] In the research of circuit breakers, the contradiction between the continuously increasing breaking current requirement and the miniaturized structural design is the research focus, and the arc extinguishing technology is the core problem. In order to cut off the arc current in time, it is necessary to control the arc to enter the arc extinguishing chamber stably and quickly, and cut the grid to achieve rapid extinction.

[0003] Therefore, the existing technology usually adopts the gas-blast arc extinguishing method. The specific method is to install the gas-producing material in the arc extinguishing chamber, which can generate vapor by ablation with the arc during opening to increase the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker. However, it is uncertain how the ablation vapor generated by the above method enters the gas medium, resulting in the need for multiple arc tests in the actual engineering optimization design of the circuit breaker, and the test cost is expensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection, and solves the technical problem that multiple arc tests are required in the actual engineering optimization design of the existing technology, and the test cost is expensive.

[0005] A circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided by the first aspect of the present invention includes:

[0006] Determine a plurality of initial user-defined functions according to the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation of the circuit breaker;

[0007] Perform coupled simulation on the circuit breaker by using the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation and the plurality of initial user-defined functions to construct an initial arc dynamic model;

[0008] Perform rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to the preset initial boundary conditions to obtain a target arc dynamic model;

[0009] Perform arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model.

[0010] Optionally, it further includes:

[0011] Construct a gas flow field calculation model of the circuit breaker; wherein, the gas flow field calculation model includes a mass conservation equation, a momentum conservation equation, an energy conservation equation and a radiation field equation;

[0012] Construct an electromagnetic field calculation model of the circuit breaker; wherein, the calculation formula of the electromagnetic field calculation model is:

[0013]

[0014] where σ is the conductivity, is the electric field strength, is the magnetic vector potential, φ is the electric potential, and is the magnetic induction intensity;

[0015] Construct the ablation vapor component transport equation of the circuit breaker; where, the ablation vapor component transport equation is:

[0016]

[0017] where Y is the mass concentration of ablation vapor, Γ is the ablation vapor diffusion coefficient, t is the time, v is the arc velocity vector, m is the ablation rate, and ρ is the density of arc plasma;

[0018] Construct the control equations of the change source terms corresponding to the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation respectively; where, the control equation of the change source term of the mass conservation equation is:

[0019]

[0020] where m is the ablation rate of the source term to be added to the right side of the mass conservation equation, f is the proportion of the energy used for the ablation gas-producing material in the total radiation energy, taking 0.2; H is the ablation enthalpy, and the value of PA66 is 2.6×10 5 J·Kg -1 ;

[0021] The control equation of the change source term of the momentum conservation equation is:

[0022] V n = V d + V c

[0023] where V d is the diffusion term velocity, V d is the convection term velocity, and V n is the velocity in the normal direction of the wall where the ablation vapor is generated;

[0024] The control equation of the change source term of the energy conservation equation is:

[0025] h = C V T ini + 0.5v 2 + p / ρ PA66

[0026] where C V is the specific heat at constant volume of PA66 vapor, T ini is the initial temperature of PA66 vapor, ρPA66 is the density of PA66 vapor;

[0027] Using the change source term control equations corresponding to the mass conservation equation, the momentum conservation equation, and the energy conservation equation respectively, generate the ablation vapor change source term control equation;

[0028] Using the gas flow field calculation model, the electromagnetic field calculation model, the ablation vapor component transport equation, and the ablation vapor change source term control equation, construct the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation.

[0029] Optionally, it further includes:

[0030] Set a user-defined function for the initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor according to the density, specific heat at constant volume, viscous density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and diffusion coefficient in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation;

[0031] Set a user-defined function for the initial adjustment term according to the Maxwell equations, magnetic vector potential equation, arc thermal radiation, and wall ablation in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation;

[0032] Set a user-defined function for the initial source term according to the magnetic vector potential and the Lorentz force on the arc plasma in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation;

[0033] Set a user-defined function for the initial flux according to the diffusion convection effect in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation.

[0034] Optionally, it further includes:

[0035] Set multiple initial boundary conditions and simulation conditions; among them, the initial boundary conditions include initial coupling boundary conditions, initial temperature boundary conditions, initial pressure boundary conditions, and initial magnetic field boundary conditions.

[0036] Optionally, the step of rolling optimization of the initial arc dynamic model according to the preset initial boundary conditions to obtain the target arc dynamic model includes:

[0037] Initialize the simulation software environment corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model, the initial boundary conditions, and the user-defined function of the initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor;

[0038] Solve the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the initialized boundary conditions and the user-defined function of the initial adjustment term to generate a first solution result;

[0039] Solve the electromagnetic field calculation model, radiation field equation, ablation vapor component transport equation, and ablation vapor change source term control equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the first solution result to generate a second solution result;

[0040] Update the user-defined function of the initial source term and the user-defined function of the initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor according to the second solution result;

[0041] Judge whether the residual corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model is less than the residual threshold according to the update result:

[0042] If it is less than the residual threshold, end the loop;

[0043] If it is greater than or equal to the residual threshold, judge whether the simulation duration reaches the simulation duration threshold corresponding to the simulation condition;

[0044] If the simulation duration threshold is reached, end the loop;

[0045] If the simulation duration threshold is not reached, calculate the user-defined functions of the current boundary conditions and the current adjustment terms according to the first solution result and the second solution result, update the user-defined functions of the current boundary conditions and the current adjustment terms according to the calculation results, and update the initial arc dynamic model with the updated boundary conditions and adjustment term user-defined functions to generate an intermediate arc dynamic model;

[0046] Jump to execute the step of solving the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model to generate the first solution result until the residual corresponding to the arc dynamic model at the current moment is less than the residual threshold or the simulation duration reaches the simulation duration threshold, and then determine the arc dynamic model at the current moment as the target arc dynamic model.

[0047] Optionally, the step of performing arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model includes:

[0048] Perform arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model to generate a simulation voltage, a simulation current, and a gas-producing material concentration;

[0049] Determine a voltage curve according to the simulation voltage;

[0050] Determine a current nephogram according to the simulation current;

[0051] Determine a gas-producing material concentration distribution nephogram according to the gas-producing material concentration;

[0052] Generate arc simulation data using the voltage curve, the current nephogram, and the gas-producing material concentration distribution nephogram.

[0053] A circuit breaker arc simulation system considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection according to the second aspect of the present invention includes:

[0054] A custom function module for determining a plurality of initial user-defined functions according to the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation of the circuit breaker;

[0055] An initial arc dynamic model module for performing coupled simulation on the circuit breaker by using the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation and the plurality of initial user-defined functions to construct an initial arc dynamic model;

[0056] A target arc dynamic model module for performing rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to preset initial boundary conditions to obtain a target arc dynamic model;

[0057] An arc simulation module for obtaining arc simulation data of the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model.

[0058] An electronic device according to the third aspect of the present invention includes a memory and a processor. When a computer program stored in the memory is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection as described in any one of the above items.

[0059] A computer-readable storage medium according to the fourth aspect of the present invention stores a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed, it implements the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection as described in any one of the above items.

[0060] A computer program product according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection as described in any one of the above items.

[0061] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0062] Based on the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations, the present invention determines multiple initial user-defined functions, couples the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations with the multiple initial user-defined functions for simulation, constructs an initial arc dynamic model, and performs rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to multiple initial boundaries. During the optimization process, it is also exploring the thermodynamics characteristics and transport coefficients of arc plasma to construct a more accurate target arc dynamic model, and performing arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model to monitor the arc voltage and arc current in real time. The arc simulation model of the present invention is universal for circuit breakers and optimizes the accuracy of monitoring arc voltage and arc current. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0064] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the steps of a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the steps of a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arc extinguishing chamber simplified for a miniature circuit breaker provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 4 It is a call sequence diagram of UDF during the Fluent solution process provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 5 It is a comparison diagram of arc voltage and current between simulation and test provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 6 It is a structural block diagram of a circuit breaker arc simulation system considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 7 It is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0071] Among them, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0072] 1. Moving contact; 2. Stationary contact; 3. Upper arcing path; 4. Lower arcing path; 5. Metal grid. Detailed implementation mode

[0073] The embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection, which is used to solve the technical problem that in the engineering practice of the existing technology, multiple arc tests are required for the optimal design of the circuit breaker, and the test cost is expensive.

[0074] In order to make the invention purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0075] Embodiment 1

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is the step flow chart of a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0077] A circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 101: Determine a plurality of initial user-defined functions according to the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation of the circuit breaker.

[0079] It should be noted that the circuit breaker arc simulation method of the present invention considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection of the gas-producing material constructs an arc dynamic MHD model by means of numerical analysis.

[0080] In specific implementation, a control equation based on magnetohydrodynamic simulation is set. Specifically, the established arc dynamic MHD model equation mainly includes a fluid dynamics equation, a Maxwell equation related to the electromagnetic field, and a mass concentration equation describing the distribution of ablation vapor of the gas-producing material.

[0081] Specifically, the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation includes: 1) an air flow field calculation model; 2) an electromagnetic field calculation model; 3) an ablation vapor component transport equation; 4) an ablation vapor change source term control equation.

[0082] In specific implementation, according to the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation, the required initial UDF (i.e., initial user-defined function) is written to realize the secondary development of Fluent functions. Among them, multiple user-defined functions mainly include the physical property parameter UDF of the mixed ablation vapor, the adjustment item UDF, the source term UDF, the flux UDF considering diffusion and convection effects, etc.

[0083] Step 102: Use the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation and multiple initial user-defined functions to perform a coupled simulation on the circuit breaker to construct an initial arc dynamic model.

[0084] It should be noted that the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation and the physical property parameter UDF of the mixed ablation vapor, the adjustment item UDF, the source term UDF, the flux UDF considering diffusion and convection effects, etc. are used to perform a coupled simulation on the circuit breaker to form an initial arc dynamic model, that is, the initial arc dynamic MHD model.

[0085] Step 103: Perform rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to the preset initial boundary conditions to obtain the target arc dynamic model.

[0086] It should be noted that the model grid of the circuit breaker simplifies the main structure of the arc extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker, retains the main conductive circuit and the electromagnetic part, and performs grid division on the three-dimensional model to obtain the computational grid.

[0087] Import the computational grid into Fluent, and set the boundary conditions and simulation conditions. Among them, the boundary conditions include the coupling boundary, the temperature boundary condition, the pressure boundary condition, the electric field boundary condition, and the magnetic field boundary condition.

[0088] In specific implementation, import the initialized boundary conditions, and solve the gas flow field calculation model, the electromagnetic field calculation model, the ablation vapor component transport equation, and the ablation vapor change source term control equation of the initial arc dynamic model to update the physical property parameter UDF, the adjustment item UDF, and the source term UDF, so as to obtain the optimal physical property parameter UDF, the adjustment item UDF, the source term UDF, and the optimal boundary conditions, and apply the optimal physical property parameter UDF, the adjustment item UDF, the source term UDF, and the optimal boundary conditions to update the initial arc dynamic MHD model, and then the optimal arc dynamic MHD model, that is, the target arc dynamic model can be obtained.

[0089] Step 104: Perform an arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model.

[0090] It should be noted that by performing an arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model, the simulation voltage, simulation current, and simulation gas-producing material concentration data can be obtained, which can be used to monitor the distribution data of the arc voltage, current, and gas-producing material concentration.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] Please refer to Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 2 which is the step flowchart of a circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] A circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0094] Optionally, before performing step 201, the following steps S11 - S16 are further included:

[0095] S11. Construct a calculation model of the air flow field of the circuit breaker; wherein, the calculation model of the air flow field includes the mass conservation equation, the momentum conservation equation, the energy conservation equation, and the radiation field equation;

[0096] S12. Construct a calculation model of the electromagnetic field of the circuit breaker; wherein, the calculation formula of the electromagnetic field calculation model is:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, σ is the conductivity, is the electric field strength, is the magnetic vector potential, φ is the electric potential, is the magnetic induction intensity;

[0099] S13. Construct an ablation vapor component transport equation of the circuit breaker; wherein, the ablation vapor component transport equation is:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, Y is the mass concentration of ablation vapor, Γ is the ablation vapor diffusion coefficient, t is the time, v is the arc velocity vector, and m is the ablation rate;

[0102] S14. Construct control equations for the change source terms corresponding to the mass conservation equation, the momentum conservation equation, and the energy conservation equation respectively; wherein, the control equation for the change source term of the mass conservation equation is:

[0103]

[0104] In the formula, m is the ablation rate of the source term to be added to the right side of the mass conservation equation, f is the proportion of the energy used for ablation gas - producing materials in the total radiation energy, taking 0.2; H is the ablation enthalpy, and the value of PA66 is 2.6×10 5 J·Kg -1 ;

[0105] The control equation for the change source term of the momentum conservation equation is:

[0106] Vn = V d + V c

[0107] wherein, V d is the diffusion term velocity, V d is the convective term velocity, and V n is the velocity in the normal direction of the wall where the ablation vapor is generated;

[0108] The control equation for the change source term of the energy conservation equation is:

[0109] h = C V T ini + 0.5v 2 + p / ρ PA66

[0110] wherein, C V is the specific heat at constant volume of the PA66 vapor, T ini is the initial temperature of the PA66 vapor, and ρ PA66 is the density of the PA66 vapor;

[0111] S15. Using the control equations for the change source terms corresponding to the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation respectively, generate the control equation for the change source term of the ablation vapor;

[0112] S16. Using the airflow field calculation model, electromagnetic field calculation model, ablation vapor component transport equation, and control equation for the change source term of the ablation vapor, construct the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation.

[0113] It should be noted that the establishment of the arc dynamic MHD model equation mainly includes the hydrodynamic equations, the Maxwell equations related to the electromagnetic field, and the mass concentration equation describing the ablation vapor distribution of the gas-producing material.

[0114] In specific implementation, 1) the calculation model of the airflow field

[0115] The airflow field in the arc plasma is described by the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations as follows:

[0116] Mass conservation equation:

[0117]

[0118] Momentum conservation equation:

[0119]

[0120] Energy conservation equation:

[0121]

[0122] where t is time; v is the arc velocity vector; v i are the components of the velocity in the i direction (i = x, y, z); x i , x k are the components of the rectangular coordinate system; p is the pressure; T is the temperature; J is the current density; B is the magnetic induction intensity; v is the viscosity; ρ is the density of the arc plasma; λ is the thermal conductivity; H is the dynamic enthalpy; S h is the energy source term of the arc plasma; σ is the conductivity; q η is the viscous dissipation term; Q rad is the radiation term, m is the ablation rate, and h is the enthalpy value of the ablation vapor.

[0123] When simulating the arc plasma, the Lorentz force J×B acting on it in the magnetic field is considered in the source term of the momentum equation, and the Joule heat J 2 / σ injected into the arc and the radiation cooling term Q rad are considered in the source term of the energy equation. In addition, considering the influence of the ablation of the gas-producing material on the arc characteristics, the corresponding terms are added to the source terms of the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations respectively.

[0124] When using the net radiation coefficient to solve the arc radiation term, the calculation formula is:

[0125] Q rad = 4πε N (4)

[0126] where ε n is the net radiation coefficient.

[0127] 2) Calculation model of electromagnetic field

[0128] The electromagnetic field in the arc extinguishing chamber of the miniature circuit breaker is solved by using Maxwell's equations and the vector magnetic potential method that satisfies the Coulomb gauge, and the following physical quantities related to the electric and magnetic fields are obtained:

[0129]

[0130] where σ is the conductivity, is the electric field strength, is the magnetic vector potential, φ is the electric potential, is the magnetic induction intensity, where is the curl of Taking the curl of the magnetic vector potential

[0131] 3) Ablation vapor component transport equation

[0132]

[0133] Where Y is the mass concentration of ablation vapor, Γ is the ablation vapor diffusion coefficient, t is time, v is the arc velocity vector, and m is the ablation rate;

[0134] The diffusion coefficient Γ of ablation vapor includes the laminar component D l and the turbulent component D t , According to the theory of fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is used to determine the nature of the fluid in the arc extinguishing chamber of the miniature circuit breaker as laminar flow, and the turbulent component is ignored to obtain the diffusion coefficient as:

[0135] Γ = ρD l (7)

[0136]

[0137] Where n is the number of moles of the mixed gas; is the density of the arc plasma; is the average molar mass of the heavy particles in the gas-producing material PA66; is the average molar mass of the heavy particles in the air; is the diffusion coefficient term caused by the mass concentration gradient.

[0138] 4) The source term control equation for ablation vapor change

[0139] After the PA66 vapor generated by the arc ablation of the gas-producing material enters the gas flow field, it will disturb the gas flow field in terms of mass, momentum, and energy. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the source term of the conservation equation.

[0140] The source term ablation rate m needs to be added to the right side of the mass conservation equation:

[0141]

[0142] Where m is the ablation rate of the source term to be added to the right side of the mass conservation equation, f is the proportion of the energy used to ablate the gas-producing material in the total radiation energy, taking 0.2; H is the ablation enthalpy, and the value of PA66 is 2.6×10 5 J·Kg -1 .

[0143] Since the ablation vapor entering the gas flow field has a certain initial velocity, corresponding source terms also need to be added to the momentum conservation equation and the energy conservation equation.

[0144] For multi-component diffusion modeling, the binary mass diffusion coefficient D should be used ij, which specifies the diffusion of species i in species j. When performing arc simulation on the arc extinguishing chamber of a miniature circuit breaker, it involves the transfer of the arc root from the moving and static contacts to the arc running path. The accumulation of heat is not sufficient to ablate or only slightly ablate the contact material. Therefore, copper vapor is ignored, and only the influence of the vapor of the gas-producing material on the gas medium in the arc extinguishing chamber is considered. So, I use a constant diffusion coefficient D. If the diffusion coefficient and concentration gradient of a substance are known, the convective flow velocity of the reaction surface can be analytically obtained from the mass transport equation of the substance, and then the diffusion flow velocity can be obtained from the mass flux and density of the reaction surface. In the simulation, it is approximately considered that the vapor enters the gas flow field along the normal direction of the ablated wall surface. That is, a momentum source term mV formed by the ablated vapor is added to the momentum conservation equation in the z direction n :

[0145] V d =m flux / ρ (10)

[0146]

[0147] V n =V d +V c (12)

[0148] In the formula, V d is the diffusion term velocity, m flux is the mass flux, V c is the convective term velocity. V n is the velocity in the normal direction of the wall where the ablated vapor is generated;

[0149] When adding an energy source term mh formed by the ablated vapor to the energy conservation equation, it is necessary to calculate the value h of the ablated vapor per unit mass, and its expression is:

[0150] h = C V T ini +0.5v 2 +p / ρ PA66 (13)

[0151] In the formula, C V is the specific heat at constant volume of PA66 vapor; T ini is the initial temperature of PA66 vapor, taken as 3400K; ρ PA66 is the density of PA66 vapor.

[0152] Step 201: Determine multiple initial user-defined functions according to the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation of the circuit breaker.

[0153] In specific implementation, according to the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations, the required initial UDF (i.e., initial user-defined function) is written to achieve secondary development of the Fluent function. Among them, multiple user-defined functions mainly include the physical property parameter UDF of the mixed ablation vapor, the adjustment term UDF, the source term UDF, the flux UDF considering diffusion and convection effects, etc.

[0154] Optionally, the following steps S21 - S24 are further included:

[0155] S21. Set the user-defined function of the initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor according to the density, specific heat at constant volume, viscous density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and diffusion coefficient in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations;

[0156] S22. Set the user-defined function of the initial adjustment term according to the Maxwell equations, magnetic vector potential equation, arc thermal radiation, and wall ablation in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations;

[0157] S23. Set the user-defined function of the initial source term according to the magnetic vector potential and the Lorentz force received by the arc plasma in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations;

[0158] S24. Set the user-defined function of the initial flux according to the diffusion and convection effects in the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations.

[0159] It should be noted that according to the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations, the required UDF is written to achieve secondary development of the Fluent function, mainly including the physical property parameter UDF of the mixed ablation vapor (i.e., the user-defined function of the physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor), such as: density, specific heat at constant volume, viscous density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, diffusion coefficient, etc.; the adjustment term UDF (i.e., the user-defined function of the adjustment term), such as: Maxwell equations, magnetic vector potential equation, arc thermal radiation, wall ablation, etc.; the source term UDF (i.e., the user-defined function of the source term), such as: magnetic vector potential in the x, y, z directions, Lorentz force received by the arc plasma in the x, y, z directions, etc.; the flux UDF considering diffusion and convection effects (i.e., the user-defined function of the flux), etc.

[0160] Step 202. Perform a coupled simulation on the circuit breaker using the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equations and multiple initial user-defined functions to construct an initial arc dynamic model.

[0161] In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation process of step 202 is similar to that of step 102, and will not be elaborated here.

[0162] Optionally, the following step S31 is further included:

[0163] S31. Set multiple initial boundary conditions and simulation conditions; among them, the boundary conditions include initial coupling boundary conditions, initial temperature boundary conditions, initial pressure boundary conditions, and initial magnetic field boundary conditions;

[0164] It should be noted that a 3D model of the circuit breaker is obtained, the 3D model of the circuit breaker is simplified, and the mesh of the 3D calculation model of the circuit breaker is divided to obtain a 3D model mesh.

[0165] In specific implementation, for the convenience of subsequent simulation, the main structure of the arc extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker is simplified, and the main conductive circuit and electromagnetic part are retained. Taking a miniature circuit breaker as an example, the finally simplified structure of the arc extinguishing chamber includes a moving contact 1, a static contact 2, an upper arcing channel 3, a lower arcing channel 4, and a metal grid 5, as Figure 3 shown. The simplified 3D geometric model is meshed, and the size of the model mesh is determined by continuously increasing the mesh density until the calculation results are basically unchanged, so as to obtain the final calculation mesh.

[0166] Import the calculation mesh into Fluent, and set multiple initial boundary conditions and initial simulation conditions.

[0167] In specific implementation, multiple initial boundary conditions are set: First, the interfaces between the gas flow field and the moving and static contacts, arcing channels, and grid are set as coupling boundaries, and then the temperature, pressure, electric field, and magnetic field boundary conditions of other parts are set. Temperature boundary condition: The part where the outer shell is connected to the atmosphere is set as an adiabatic boundary, and the initial temperature of the medium in the arc extinguishing chamber and the outlet temperature are set to 300K. Pressure boundary condition: The outlet is set to one atmosphere. Electric field boundary condition: A current inlet is set on the moving contact 1, and the input current can be adjusted to simulate the coupling of the external circuit. The static contact 2 and the arcing channel are set to zero potential. Magnetic field boundary condition: Assume that the model boundary is a magnetic insulation boundary to simplify the calculation, that is, the normal derivative of the magnetic vector potential is zero. The initial temperature of the arc column is given as 10000K, and the pressure is 1000Pa.

[0168] Set simulation conditions: Set the step size of the simulation iteration step to be usually between 0.5 and 2 microseconds, and set the total simulation duration to be between 5 and 10 milliseconds.

[0169] Step 203. Optimize the initial arc dynamic model iteratively according to the preset initial boundary conditions to obtain the target arc dynamic model.

[0170] Optionally, step 203 includes the following steps S41 - S410:

[0171] S41. Initialize the simulation software environment corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model, the initial boundary conditions, and the user-defined function of the initial physical properties of the mixed ablation vapor;

[0172] S42. Solve the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the initialized boundary conditions and the user-defined function of the initial adjustment term to generate a first solution result;

[0173] S43. Solve the electromagnetic field calculation model, radiation field equation, ablation vapor component transport equation, and ablation vapor change source term control equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the first solution result to generate a second solution result;

[0174] S44. Update the user-defined function of the initial source term and the user-defined function of the initial physical properties of the mixed ablation vapor according to the second solution result;

[0175] S45. Determine whether the residual corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model is less than the residual threshold according to the update result:

[0176] S46. If it is less than the residual threshold, end the loop;

[0177] S47. If it is greater than or equal to the residual threshold, determine whether the simulation duration reaches the simulation duration threshold corresponding to the simulation conditions;

[0178] S48. If the simulation duration threshold is reached, end the loop;

[0179] S49. If the simulation duration threshold is not reached, calculate the user-defined functions of the current boundary conditions and the current adjustment term according to the first solution result and the second solution result, update the user-defined functions of the current boundary conditions and the current adjustment term according to the calculation results, and update the initial arc dynamic model with the updated boundary conditions and adjustment term user-defined functions to generate an intermediate arc dynamic model;

[0180] S410. Jump to execute the step of solving the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model to generate a first solution result, until the residual corresponding to the arc dynamic model at the current moment is less than the residual threshold or the simulation duration reaches the simulation duration threshold, and then determine the arc dynamic model at the current moment as the target arc dynamic model.

[0181] In specific implementation, as Figure 4 shown, 1) Initialize the simulation, import the initialized initial boundary conditions and the physical properties of the mixed ablation vapor, and start entering the loop;

[0182] 2) Solve the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations, solve the electric, magnetic, and radiation fields, and solve other transport equations according to the initialized boundary conditions and adjustment terms;

[0183] 3) Update the source term and physical properties according to the solution results;

[0184] 4) Determine whether the residuals of each physical quantity converge; specifically, ① the residuals of continuity, which reflect the mass conservation equation; ② the residuals of velocity in the x, y, and z directions, which reflect the momentum conservation equation; ③ the residuals of energy, which reflect the energy conservation equation. The above are the monitors for the three major conservation equations of the airflow field. ④ The residuals of the 4 user-defined scalar values set, and the 4 user-defined scalars are electric potential, and magnetic fields in the x, y, and z directions. The convergence criterion is to check whether the monitored residuals are < the set value. The set value for the residuals of the 4 user-defined scalars is 1e-12, and the others remain default. That is, the value for energy is 1e-6, and the others are 1e-3.

[0185] If the residuals of the physical quantity are less than the set value, it is determined that the residuals of the physical quantity converge, and the loop ends.

[0186] If not converged, determine whether the current simulation duration has reached the simulation duration threshold corresponding to the simulation conditions.

[0187] If the simulation duration is reached, the loop ends; specifically, even if the residuals do not reach the set value, when the residuals are stable at a small value, it can also be considered convergent. This is because to obtain the simulation results within a certain time, a small residual set value must be set. Therefore, the results when the simulation duration is reached are also convergent. Although the residuals do not reach the set value, they are stable at a small value.

[0188] If the simulation duration is not reached, the boundary conditions are updated and calculated to obtain the current boundary conditions, and the adjustment terms are also updated and calculated. Then, the updated boundary conditions and adjustment terms are used to update the initial arc dynamic model to generate an intermediate arc dynamic model; and it jumps to step 2) to solve the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations, solve the electric field, magnetic field, and radiation field, solve other transport equations, and perform the next round of simulation until the simulation ends. At this time, the arc dynamic MHD model at the current moment has been updated and iterated by the optimal UDF and boundary conditions, and is determined as the target arc dynamic model according to the arc dynamic MHD model at the current moment.

[0189] Step 204: Perform arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model to generate simulation voltage, simulation current, and gas-producing material concentration.

[0190] It should be noted that by performing arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model, the simulation voltage, simulation current, and gas-producing material concentration distribution are obtained.

[0191] Step 205: Determine the voltage curve according to the simulation voltage.

[0192] It should be noted that as Figure 5 shown, by obtaining the simulation voltage within a certain time interval, the voltage curve graph can be obtained. Through the voltage curve, the arc behavior can be better understood.

[0193] Step 206: Determine the current contour map based on the simulated current.

[0194] It should be noted that as Figure 5 shown, by obtaining the simulated current within a certain time interval, the current curve graph and the curve contour map can be obtained. Through the current contour map, it can be observed whether a correct current path is formed.

[0195] Step 207: Determine the concentration distribution contour map of the gas-producing material based on the concentration of the gas-producing material.

[0196] It should be noted that by obtaining the concentration of the gas-producing material within a certain time interval, the concentration distribution contour map of the gas-producing material can be obtained. Through the concentration distribution contour map of the gas-producing material, the ablation and diffusion conditions of the gas-producing material can be observed.

[0197] Step 208: Generate arc simulation data by using the voltage curve, the current contour map, and the concentration distribution contour map of the gas-producing material.

[0198] It should be noted that arc simulation data is generated by combining the voltage curve, the current contour map, and the concentration distribution contour map of the gas-producing material.

[0199] Specifically, as Figure 4 shown in the comparison graph of the arc voltage, current simulation, and test of the miniature circuit breaker under specific working conditions, the good fitting ability of the simulation model and the effectiveness of the present invention are verified.

[0200] Specifically, the present invention proposes an arc simulation method for a circuit breaker considering the influence of the ablation vapor diffusion and convection of the gas-producing material, converts this influence into the incident velocity of the vapor flow in the normal direction of the ablation wall surface, and also considers the inhibitory effect of the substance concentration on the diffusion rate. It not only enables a deeper understanding of the ablation mechanism, but also considers the influence of the ablation vapor on the properties of the arc plasma, and can also monitor the concentration and diffusion status of the ablation vapor in real time. Thus, a more reliable and accurate simulation model is established.

[0201] Based on arc magnetohydrodynamics, the present invention introduces an external AC circuit and uses numerical methods to solve the multi-physical field coupling problem regarding arc combustion inside the arc extinguishing chamber during the opening period of the miniature circuit breaker; user-defined functions are written according to the control equations, and parameter update calculations are performed during each time step, and the initial arc model changes dynamically with the parameter updates; on this basis, by establishing control equations to consider the diffusion and convection of the ablation vapor, the mechanism of the ablation vapor entering the gas medium is deepened, and the arc magnetohydrodynamic model is improved.

[0202] Example 3

[0203] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6It is a structural block diagram of a circuit breaker arc simulation system considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0204] A circuit breaker arc simulation system considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection provided by the present invention includes:

[0205] A custom function module 601, configured to determine a plurality of initial user-defined functions according to the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation of the circuit breaker;

[0206] An initial arc dynamic model module 602, configured to perform coupled simulation on the circuit breaker by using the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation and a plurality of initial user-defined functions to construct an initial arc dynamic model;

[0207] A target arc dynamic model module 603, configured to perform rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to preset initial boundary conditions to obtain a target arc dynamic model;

[0208] An arc simulation module 604, configured to perform arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model.

[0209] Optionally, it further includes:

[0210] A first construction sub-module, configured to construct a gas flow field calculation model of the circuit breaker; wherein, the gas flow field calculation model includes a mass conservation equation, a momentum conservation equation, an energy conservation equation, and a radiation field equation;

[0211] A second construction sub-module, configured to construct an electromagnetic field calculation model of the circuit breaker; wherein, the calculation formula of the electromagnetic field calculation model is:

[0212]

[0213] In the formula, σ is the conductivity, is the electric field strength, is the magnetic vector potential, φ is the electric potential, is the magnetic induction intensity;

[0214] A third construction sub-module, configured to construct an ablation vapor component transport equation of the circuit breaker; wherein, the ablation vapor component transport equation is:

[0215]

[0216] In the formula, Y is the mass concentration of ablation vapor, Γ is the ablation vapor diffusion coefficient, t is the time, v is the arc velocity vector, m is the ablation rate, and ρ is the density of arc plasma;

[0217] The fourth construction sub-module is used to construct the control equations for the source terms of change corresponding to the mass conservation equation, the momentum conservation equation, and the energy conservation equation respectively. Among them, the control equation for the source term of change of the mass conservation equation is:

[0218]

[0219] In the formula, m is the ablation rate of the source term to be added to the right side of the mass conservation equation, f is the proportion of the energy used for the ablation gas-generation material in the total radiation energy, and f is taken as 0.2; H is the ablation enthalpy, and the value of PA66 is 2.6×10 5 J·Kg -1 ;

[0220] The control equation for the source term of change of the momentum conservation equation is:

[0221] V n =V d +V c

[0222] In the formula, V d is the diffusion term velocity, V d is the convection term velocity, V n is the velocity in the normal direction of the wall where the ablation vapor is generated;

[0223] The control equation for the source term of change of the energy conservation equation is:

[0224] h = C V T ini +0.5ν 2 +p / ρ PA66

[0225] In the formula, C V is the specific heat at constant volume of the PA66 vapor, T ini is the initial temperature of the PA66 vapor, ρ PA66 is the density of the PA66 vapor;

[0226] The ablation vapor source term control equation sub-module is used to generate the ablation vapor source term control equation by using the control equations for the source terms of change corresponding to the mass conservation equation, the momentum conservation equation, and the energy conservation equation respectively.

[0227] The magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation sub-module is used to construct the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation by using the airflow field calculation model, the electromagnetic field calculation model, the ablation vapor component transport equation, and the ablation vapor source term control equation.

[0228] Optionally, it further includes:

[0229] A physical property parameter sub-module, which is a user-defined function for setting the initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor according to the density, specific heat at constant volume, viscous density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and diffusion coefficient in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation;

[0230] An adjustment term sub-module, which is a user-defined function for setting the initial adjustment term according to the Maxwell equations, magnetic vector potential equation, arc thermal radiation, and wall ablation in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation;

[0231] A source term sub-module, which is a user-defined function for setting the initial source term according to the magnetic vector potential and the Lorentz force acting on the arc plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation;

[0232] A flux sub-module, which is a user-defined function for setting the initial flux according to the diffusion-convection effect in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation.

[0233] Optionally, it further includes:

[0234] A setting sub-module for setting multiple initial boundary conditions and simulation conditions; among them, the initial boundary conditions include initial coupling boundary conditions, initial temperature boundary conditions, initial pressure boundary conditions, and initial magnetic field boundary conditions;

[0235] Optionally, the target arc dynamic model module 603 includes:

[0236] An initialization sub-module for initializing the simulation software environment corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model, the initial boundary conditions, and the user-defined function of the initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor;

[0237] A first solution sub-module for solving the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the initialized boundary conditions and the user-defined function of the initial adjustment term, and generating a first solution result;

[0238] A second solution sub-module for solving the electromagnetic field calculation model, radiation field equation, ablation vapor component transport equation, and ablation vapor change source term control equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the first solution result, and generating a second solution result;

[0239] An update sub-module for updating the user-defined function of the initial source term and the user-defined function of the initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor according to the second solution result;

[0240] A first judgment sub-module for judging whether the residual corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model is less than the residual threshold according to the update result;

[0241] A less-than sub-module for ending the loop if it is less than the residual threshold;

[0242] A greater-than sub-module, configured to determine whether the simulation duration reaches the simulation duration threshold corresponding to the simulation condition if it is greater than or equal to the residual threshold;

[0243] An end-loop sub-module, configured to end the loop if the simulation duration threshold is reached;

[0244] A jump sub-module, configured to, if the simulation duration threshold is not reached, calculate a user-defined function of the current boundary condition and the current adjustment term according to the first solution result and the second solution result, update the user-defined function of the current boundary condition and the current adjustment term according to the calculation result, update the initial arc dynamic model with the updated boundary condition and the user-defined function of the adjustment term, and generate an intermediate arc dynamic model;

[0245] Jump to the step of executing the solution of the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model to generate the first solution result, until the residual corresponding to the arc dynamic model at the current moment is less than the residual threshold or the simulation duration reaches the simulation duration threshold, and then determine the arc dynamic model at the current moment as the target arc dynamic model.

[0246] Optionally, the arc simulation module 604 includes:

[0247] An arc simulation sub-module, configured to perform arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model to generate a simulation voltage, a simulation current, and a gas-producing material concentration;

[0248] A voltage curve sub-module, configured to determine a voltage curve according to the simulation voltage;

[0249] A current nephogram sub-module, configured to determine a current nephogram according to the simulation current;

[0250] A gas-producing material concentration distribution nephogram sub-module, configured to determine a gas-producing material concentration distribution nephogram according to the gas-producing material concentration;

[0251] An arc simulation data sub-module, configured to generate arc simulation data by using the voltage curve, the current nephogram, and the gas-producing material concentration distribution nephogram.

[0252] Embodiment 4

[0253] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 , which is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0254] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device includes: a memory 701 and a processor 702, and a computer program is stored in the memory 701; when the computer program is executed by the processor 702, the processor 702 is caused to execute the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering ablation vapor diffusion and convection effects as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0255] The memory 701 may be an electronic memory such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), an EPROM, a hard disk, or a ROM. The memory 701 has a storage space 703 for program code 713 for executing any of the method steps in the above-described method. For example, the storage space 703 for the program code may include respective program codes 713 for implementing the various steps in the above method. These program codes may be read from or written to one or more computer program products. These computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, compact discs (CDs), memory cards, or floppy disks. The program code may be compressed in a suitable form, for example. When these codes are run by a computing processing device, the computing processing device is caused to execute each of the steps in the circuit breaker arc simulation method described above considering ablation vapor diffusion and convection effects.

[0256] Embodiment Five

[0257] Embodiment Five of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed implements the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering ablation vapor diffusion and convection effects according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0258] Embodiment Six

[0259] Embodiment Six of the present invention provides a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is caused to execute the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering ablation vapor diffusion and convection effects according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0260] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments and will not be elaborated herein.

[0261] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other may be through some interfaces, and the indirect couplings or communication connections of the devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0262] The unit described as a separation component may or may not be physically separated. The component shown as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0263] In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in a processing unit, may exist separately as individual physical units, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0264] If the above-mentioned integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that makes a contribution to the prior art, or all or part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0265] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection, characterized in that: include: According to the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation of the circuit breaker, a plurality of initial user-defined functions are determined; Using the magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation and the multiple initial user-defined functions to perform coupling simulation on the circuit breaker to construct an initial arc dynamic model; Performing rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to preset initial boundary conditions to obtain a target arc dynamic model; Performing arc simulation on the circuit breaker by using the target arc dynamic model; The method further comprises: Constructing an airflow field calculation model of the circuit breaker; wherein the airflow field calculation model includes a mass conservation equation, a momentum conservation equation, an energy conservation equation and a radiation field equation; Construct an electromagnetic field calculation model of the circuit breaker; wherein the calculation formula of the electromagnetic field calculation model is: Where σ is the conductivity, is the electric field strength, is the magnetic vector potential, φ is the electric potential, is the magnetic induction intensity; The ablation vapor component transport equation of the circuit breaker is constructed; wherein the ablation vapor component transport equation is: Where Y is the mass concentration of ablation vapor, Γ is the diffusion coefficient of ablation vapor, t is time, v is the arc velocity vector, m is the ablation rate, and ρ is the density of arc plasma; Construct the change source term control equations corresponding to the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation respectively; wherein the change source term control equation of the mass conservation equation is: Where f is the ratio of the energy used to ablate the gas-generating material to the total radiation energy, which is 0.2; Q rad is the radiation term, H is the ablation enthalpy, and the value of PA66 is 2.6×10 5 J.Kg -1 ; The change source term control equation of the momentum conservation equation is: V n =V d +V c Where V d is the diffusion velocity, V c is the velocity of the convection term, V n is the velocity in the normal direction of the wall where the ablation vapor is generated; The change source term control equation of the energy conservation equation is: h=C V T ini +0.5v 2 +p / ρ PA66 In the formula, C V is the constant volume specific heat of PA66 vapor, T ini is the initial temperature of PA66 vapor, p is the pressure, ρ PA66 is the density of PA66 vapor; Using the change source term control equations corresponding to the mass conservation equation, the momentum conservation equation, and the energy conservation equation, respectively, to generate the ablation vapor change source term control equation; The magnetohydrodynamics simulation control equation is constructed by using the airflow field calculation model, the electromagnetic field calculation model, the ablation vapor component transport equation and the ablation vapor change source term control equation.

2. The circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A user-defined function for setting initial physical property parameters of the mixed ablation vapor according to density, specific heat at constant volume, viscosity density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and diffusion coefficient in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation; According to the McWeiss equations, magnetic vector potential equation, arc thermal radiation and wall ablation in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation, a user-defined function for setting initial adjustment items; According to the magnetic vector potential in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation and the Lorentz force on the arc plasma, a user-defined function of the initial source term is set; A user-defined function of the initial flux is set according to the diffusion-convection effect in the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation.

3. The circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of initial boundary conditions and simulation conditions are set; wherein the initial boundary conditions include initial coupling boundary conditions, initial temperature boundary conditions, initial pressure boundary conditions and initial magnetic field boundary conditions.

4. The circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of rolling optimization of the initial arc dynamic model according to the preset initial boundary conditions to obtain the target arc dynamic model includes: Initialize the simulation software environment, initial boundary conditions and user-defined function of initial physical property parameters of mixed ablation vapor corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model; Solving the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the initialized boundary conditions and the user-defined function of the initial adjustment term to generate a first solution result; Solving the electromagnetic field calculation model, radiation field equation, ablation vapor component transport equation and ablation vapor change source term control equation of the initial arc dynamic model according to the first solution result to generate a second solution result; updating the user-defined function of the initial source term and the user-defined function of the initial physical property parameter of the mixed ablation vapor according to the second solution result; Determine whether the residual corresponding to the initial arc dynamic model is less than a residual threshold according to the update result; If it is less than the residual threshold, the loop ends; If it is greater than or equal to the residual threshold, determining whether the simulation duration reaches the simulation duration threshold corresponding to the simulation condition; If the simulation duration threshold is reached, the loop ends; If the simulation time threshold is not reached, the user-defined function of the current boundary condition and the current adjustment item is calculated according to the first solution result and the second solution result, the user-defined function of the current boundary condition and the current adjustment item is updated according to the calculation result, and the initial arc dynamic model is updated with the updated user-defined function of the boundary condition and the adjustment item to generate an intermediate arc dynamic model; Jump to execute the step of solving the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation of the initial arc dynamic model to generate a first solution result, until the residual corresponding to the arc dynamic model at the current moment is less than the residual threshold or the simulation time reaches the simulation time threshold, then the arc dynamic model at the current moment is determined as the target arc dynamic model.

5. The circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing arc simulation on the circuit breaker by using the target arc dynamic model comprises: Performing arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model to generate simulated voltage, simulated current and concentration of gas-generating material; Determining a voltage curve according to the simulated voltage; Determining a current cloud diagram according to the simulated current; Determining a gas-producing material concentration distribution cloud map according to the gas-producing material concentration; The voltage curve, the current cloud diagram and the gas-generating material concentration distribution cloud diagram are used to generate arc simulation data.

6. A circuit breaker arc simulation system considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection applied to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: A user-defined function module, used for determining a plurality of initial user-defined functions according to a magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation of the circuit breaker; An initial arc dynamic model module, used to perform coupled simulation on the circuit breaker using the magnetohydrodynamic simulation control equation and a plurality of the initial user-defined functions to construct an initial arc dynamic model; A target arc dynamic model module is used to perform rolling optimization on the initial arc dynamic model according to preset initial boundary conditions to obtain a target arc dynamic model; An arc simulation module is used to perform arc simulation on the circuit breaker through the target arc dynamic model.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed, the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the influence of ablation vapor diffusion and convection as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

9. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is caused to execute the circuit breaker arc simulation method considering the effects of ablation vapor diffusion and convection as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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