Fluid jet polishing method and apparatus for complex surfaces

Abstract

This invention discloses a jet polishing method and apparatus for complex curved surfaces, comprising the following steps: Step S1: acquiring processing parameter information; Step S2: performing simulated polishing on the workpiece according to the parameters set in Step S1, and selecting the optimal removal function based on the simulation results; Step S3: performing formal polishing on the workpiece according to the optimal removal function described in Step S2; when switching to polishing a processing surface with different curvatures, changing the polishing nozzle with a different outlet diameter; and matching a new optimal removal function; changing the nozzle with a different outlet diameter can adapt to the operating space of polishing areas of different sizes on complex curved surfaces, improving the overall polishing efficiency; at the same time, based on the relationship between the optimal removal function matched on the previous processing surface and the optimal removal function matched on the switched surface, controlling the polishing nozzle to move to a new starting point before starting polishing; eliminating the problem of seams between adjacent areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of abrasive jet polishing equipment technology, and in particular to jet polishing methods and apparatus for complex curved surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Conical and other complex curved surface devices are crucial components in high-energy laser equipment, playing a vital role in beam adjustment. They are also key parts for ensuring orientation accuracy in remote sensing satellites and photoelectric detection guidance systems. Their machining quality significantly impacts equipment performance and stability. However, the center error of conical and other complex curved surface devices is easily over- or under-polished, and the steepness of the central micro-region at the cone tip makes them prone to mechanical interference or limitations imposed by polishing tool dimensions. Therefore, an effective, full-aperture, damage-preserving, and rapid polishing process for concave / convex conical mirrors has been lacking.

[0003] Currently, contact polishing technologies such as airbag polishing and magnetorheological polishing suffer from problems such as physical interference and severe material removal function distortion, making it difficult to remove damage in the central area of ​​concave / convex conical mirrors and control precision. In contrast, non-contact jet polishing technology has a fine jet beam that can generate a small material removal function, which is more adaptable to the surface shape of concave / convex conical mirrors and can effectively solve the problem of full-aperture surface shape control of high-precision concave / convex conical mirrors.

[0004] In related technologies, when performing high-precision and high-efficiency full-diameter damage removal machining of complex curved surfaces, the limitations of jet polishing equipment restrict the current jet polishing process. Existing jet polishing techniques for machining complex curved surfaces such as high-precision concave / convex conical mirrors still have some drawbacks: 1. Because some workpiece surfaces are complex, some surfaces have large operating spaces for polishing, while others have small operating spaces. If a large nozzle is used throughout the process, it becomes impossible to process areas with smaller operating spaces; if a small nozzle is used throughout, the overall polishing efficiency is low. 2. The mechanism by which different curved surfaces are affected by the distortion characteristics of the removal function remains unclear, and there is a lack of precise control methods for surface accuracy in jet polishing of different curved surfaces. In other words, existing machining methods result in seams between different curved surfaces, leading to a reduction in the overall machining accuracy of the curved surface. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a jet polishing method and apparatus for complex curved surfaces, which can solve the problems of low processing efficiency and seams at the boundaries of adjacent curved surfaces due to differences in removal functions.

[0006] This invention allows for the replacement of nozzles of different specifications during processing, adapting to the polishing area operation space of different sizes on complex curved surfaces, thereby improving the overall polishing efficiency. At the same time, by controlling the processing nozzle to retract a certain distance after changing the nozzle, it also solves the problem of seams between adjacent areas caused by changing different nozzles.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention provides a jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: Obtain processing parameter information; the processing parameter information includes: the curvature of multiple surfaces to be processed on the workpiece, the diameter of the polishing nozzle outlet, the spray angle, and the spacing of the polishing path;

[0009] Different optimal removal functions are generated based on the curvature of the surface to be processed, the nozzle outlet diameter, and the jetting angle; and the residence time of jet polishing on each surface to be processed is determined based on the spacing of the polishing path and the optimal removal function.

[0010] Step S2: Perform simulated polishing on the workpiece according to the parameters set in step S1, evaluate the surface of the workpiece after simulated polishing, and perform formal polishing on the workpiece or adjust the optimal removal function based on the evaluation results.

[0011] Step S3: Perform formal polishing on the workpiece according to the optimal removal function described in step S2; when switching to polish the machining surface with different surface curvatures, change the polishing nozzle with different exit diameters; and match a new optimal removal function; and according to the relationship between the optimal removal function matched on the previous machining surface and the optimal removal function matched on the switched surface, control the polishing nozzle to move to the new starting point and start polishing.

[0012] The specific solution, which generates the optimal removal function based on the processing parameter information, includes:

[0013] By defining the material removal rate as related to the pressure distribution derivative, a model for the optimal removal function is obtained, and its mathematical expression is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] Where MRR represents the material removal rate at each point on the polished surface, Pw represents the pressure at each point, P0 represents the peak jet pressure, and r h This represents the distance from a point on the wall surface impacted by the jet to the central axis of the jet stream. This indicates the direction of the pressure gradient, and K represents the removal function constant. A coefficient representing the pressure range of the central impact region. This represents the peak pressure range influence coefficient, where K, and The coefficient is unknown.

[0016] The specific solution, step S2, involves simulating polishing of the workpiece and evaluating the surface of the workpiece after simulating polishing, including: using the matrix method to solve for the dwell time under the condition of variable removal function, and obtaining the simulated processed surface.

[0017] In the specific scheme, step S2, based on the evaluation results, performs formal polishing of the workpiece or adjusts the optimal removal function, including: after determining the dwell time during jet polishing, simulating the processed surface and predicting the corresponding surface quality evaluation index; if it is unqualified, readjusting the spacing of the polishing path and the optimal removal function; if it is qualified, then starting formal polishing of the workpiece.

[0018] Specifically, when performing formal polishing of the workpiece according to the optimal removal function described in step S2, the A-axis is rotated so that the generatrix of the conical surface is perpendicular to the nozzle feed direction. The A / C turntable is used to rotate the workpiece around the C-axis under the drive of the motor. The nozzle forms a spiral polishing path by combining the horizontal feed of the X-axis sliding saddle. The rotating axis rotates once for every path interval fed by the nozzle. During the operation, the material is continuously removed by the jet erosion action, thus completing the polishing process.

[0019] Specific solution: In step S3, the workpiece is formally polished. When changing polishing nozzles with different outlet diameters:

[0020] When polishing different areas of the workpiece, the nozzle mechanism is mounted on the B-axis turntable. The quick-change female plate is connected to the nozzle, and the male plate is fixed to the turntable. The nozzle is changed through the quick-change female plate, and the pipeline is changed through the quick-change pipeline interface. The nozzle sprays beam jets of different sizes for polishing.

[0021] Preferred solution: When replacing the nozzle, check the flow rate of the liquid supply line;

[0022] The pipeline is also equipped with overflow valves and dampers to regulate pressure fluctuations, and flow meters to monitor the flow rate in the pipeline.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment, when changing nozzles of different specifications, it is also necessary to adjust the spray angle and feed speed; the B-axis turntable is mounted on the Z-axis slide saddle and driven along the Z-axis by a torque motor to adjust the jet polishing target distance, and the jet injection angle can be adjusted by rotating the B-axis;

[0024] The slide saddle is fixed to the X-axis slide table, which is connected to the rolling linear guide. The rolling guide is connected to the motor via a coupling, and the feed speed of the jet beam is adjusted by adjusting the motor speed.

[0025] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention also provides a jet polishing device for complex curved surfaces, comprising a control cabinet, and a high-pressure jet generating component, a multi-specification nozzle component, an autonomous feeding component, a polishing slurry recovery mechanism, a polishing slurry protection component, and a machine tool motion component controlled by the control cabinet. The high-pressure jet generating component, the multi-specification nozzle component, the autonomous feeding component, the polishing slurry recovery mechanism, the polishing slurry protection component, and the machine tool motion component are respectively mounted on the main frame of the machine tool.

[0026] The high-pressure jet generation component is used to pressurize the polishing fluid to generate a high-pressure jet.

[0027] The multi-specification nozzle assembly is used to eject beam jets of different sizes;

[0028] The self-feeding component is used to supply jet fluid to multi-specification nozzle assemblies;

[0029] The polishing fluid recovery mechanism is used to recover the polishing fluid;

[0030] The polishing fluid protection component

[0031] The machine tool motion assembly is used to control the movement of multi-specification nozzle assemblies;

[0032] The high-pressure jet generating component is fixedly connected to the multi-specification nozzle assembly, which faces the workpiece on the autonomous feeding component. A polishing fluid recovery mechanism is provided below the autonomous feeding component, and a polishing fluid protection component is provided on the polishing fluid recovery mechanism.

[0033] Specifically, the multi-specification nozzle assembly includes a quick-change tool tray, a quick-change interface for the liquid supply line, and multi-specification nozzles.

[0034] The quick-change tool tray includes a male tray and a female tray. The male tray is connected to the B-axis rotary table, and the female tray is connected to the nozzle.

[0035] The quick-change interface for liquid supply connects the abrasive feed pipe and the nozzle assembly.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0037] 1. When polishing surfaces with different curvatures, replace the polishing nozzles with different outlet diameters and match the new optimal removal function. Replacing the nozzles with different outlet diameters can adapt to the polishing area operation space of different sizes on complex surfaces, thereby improving the overall polishing efficiency.

[0038] 2. Simultaneously, based on the relationship between the optimal removal function of the previous surface matching and the optimal removal function of the surface matching after switching, the polishing nozzle is controlled to move to the new starting point and then polishing begins; eliminating the problem of seams between adjacent areas caused by changes in the nozzle outlet diameter and the curvature of the surface to be processed.

[0039] 3. The present invention also includes a flow detection system, which solves the problem of jet instability caused by pressure instability due to the replacement of different nozzles. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle replacement process in the jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces in an embodiment of this disclosure, showing the jet spraying adjustment process.

[0043] Figure 4 This is an overall schematic diagram of the jet polishing apparatus for complex curved surfaces in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing system of the jet polishing apparatus for complex curved surfaces in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle quick-change structure of the jet polishing device for complex curved surfaces in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of spiral polishing of a jet polishing device for complex curved surfaces in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0047] Figure label: Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Reference Figure 1-3 This embodiment provides a jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces, including the following steps:

[0051] Step S1: Obtain processing parameter information; the processing parameter information includes: the curvature of multiple surfaces to be processed on the workpiece, the diameter of the polishing nozzle outlet, the spray angle, and the spacing of the polishing path;

[0052] Different optimal removal functions are generated based on the curvature of the surface to be processed, the nozzle outlet diameter, and the jetting angle; and the residence time of jet polishing on each surface to be processed is determined based on the spacing of the polishing path and the optimal removal function.

[0053] Step S2: Perform simulated polishing on the workpiece according to the parameters set in step S1, evaluate the surface of the workpiece after simulated polishing, and perform formal polishing on the workpiece or adjust the optimal removal function based on the evaluation results.

[0054] Step S3: Perform formal polishing on the workpiece according to the optimal removal function described in step S2; when switching to polish the machining surface with different surface curvatures, change the polishing nozzle with different exit diameters; and match a new optimal removal function; and according to the relationship between the optimal removal function matched on the previous machining surface and the optimal removal function matched on the switched surface, control the polishing nozzle to move to the new starting point and start polishing.

[0055] Compared with existing technologies, when polishing machining surfaces with different curvatures, different polishing nozzles with different outlet diameters are used, and a new optimal removal function is matched. Changing the nozzle with different outlet diameters can adapt to the operation space of polishing areas of different sizes on complex surfaces, thereby improving the overall polishing efficiency.

[0056] In existing technologies, due to the difference in the optimal removal function between the previous surface to be processed and the current surface to be processed, if the polishing end point of the previous surface to be processed is directly used as the starting point of the new surface to be processed, a seam will be generated at that point, resulting in a reduction in the processing accuracy of the entire complex surface. The present invention, based on the relationship between the optimal removal function matched by the previous surface and the optimal removal function matched by the surface after switching, controls the polishing nozzle to return to the new starting point before starting polishing; thus eliminating the problem of seams between adjacent areas caused by changes in the nozzle outlet diameter and the curvature of the surface to be processed.

[0057] In the machining process of complex curved surfaces, in order to improve machining efficiency, it is necessary to change the nozzle with different nozzle outlet diameter. After the nozzle is changed, the optimal removal function will inevitably change. Therefore, the joint between adjacent curved surfaces is a problem that must be solved to improve polishing accuracy.

[0058] In this embodiment, generating the optimal removal function based on the processing parameter information includes:

[0059] By defining the material removal rate as related to the pressure distribution derivative, a model for the optimal removal function is obtained, and its mathematical expression is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In this embodiment, the formula is solved in polar coordinates, where MRR represents the material removal rate at each point on the polished surface, Pw is the pressure at each point, P0 is the peak jet pressure, and rh is the distance from a point on the jet impact wall to the central axis of the jet beam. This represents the direction of the pressure gradient.

[0062] Unknown coefficient: K is the constant of the removal function. It is a coefficient related to the pressure range of the central impact region. Defined as the peak pressure range influence coefficient, all unknown coefficients can be obtained using a MATLAB BP neural network based on the results of single-point polishing experiments, thus obtaining the removal model.

[0063] The specific solution, step S2, involves simulating polishing of the workpiece and evaluating the surface of the workpiece after simulating polishing, including: using the matrix method to solve for the dwell time under the condition of variable removal function, and obtaining the simulated processed surface.

[0064] In simulated polishing, a rapid prediction model of the jet polishing removal function is needed as support, combined with a residence time calculation algorithm, to achieve deterministic control of the polishing process. First, the pressure in the jet impact region follows a Gaussian-like distribution. By assuming a correlation between the material removal rate and the derivative of the pressure distribution, a removal function model containing multiple unknown coefficients is obtained. Second, a mapping relationship between the input process parameters and the unknown coefficients of the removal function is established by combining a BP neural network and single-point polishing experimental results. Finally, the residence time under the variable removal function is solved using a matrix method to obtain the simulated processed surface.

[0065] In the specific scheme, step S2, based on the evaluation results, performs formal polishing of the workpiece or adjusts the optimal removal function, including: after determining the dwell time during jet polishing, simulating the processed surface and predicting the corresponding surface quality evaluation index; if it is unqualified, readjusting the spacing of the polishing path and the optimal removal function; if it is qualified, then starting formal polishing of the workpiece.

[0066] Specifically, when performing formal polishing of the workpiece according to the optimal removal function described in step S2, the A-axis is rotated so that the generatrix of the conical surface is perpendicular to the nozzle feed direction. The A / C turntable is used to rotate the workpiece around the C-axis under the drive of the motor. The nozzle forms a spiral polishing path by combining the horizontal feed of the X-axis sliding saddle. The rotating axis rotates once for every path interval fed by the nozzle. During the operation, the material is continuously removed by the jet erosion action, thus completing the polishing process.

[0067] Specific solution: In step S3, the workpiece is formally polished. When changing polishing nozzles with different outlet diameters:

[0068] When polishing different areas of the workpiece, the nozzle mechanism is mounted on the B-axis turntable. The quick-change female plate is connected to the nozzle, and the male plate is fixed to the turntable. The nozzle is changed through the quick-change female plate, and the pipeline is changed through the quick-change pipeline interface. The nozzle sprays beam jets of different sizes for polishing.

[0069] Preferred solution: When replacing the nozzle, check the flow rate of the liquid supply line;

[0070] The pipeline is also equipped with overflow valves and dampers to regulate pressure fluctuations, and flow meters to monitor the flow rate in the pipeline.

[0071] In the preferred embodiment, when changing nozzles of different specifications, it is also necessary to adjust the spray angle and feed speed; the B-axis turntable is mounted on the Z-axis slide saddle and driven along the Z-axis by a torque motor to adjust the jet polishing target distance, and the jet injection angle can be adjusted by rotating the B-axis;

[0072] The slide saddle is fixed to the X-axis slide table, which is connected to the rolling linear guide. The rolling guide is connected to the motor via a coupling, and the feed speed of the jet beam is adjusted by adjusting the motor speed.

[0073] The workpiece is fixed on a double-arm cradle-type A / C turntable using a fixture. Tool setting and machining origin are determined using the machine tool positioning elements. Before machining, process parameters such as jet pressure, impact angle, and nozzle outlet diameter are input into the polishing system control panel. The process software automatically generates the optimal removal function based on the mapping relationship between curvature, nozzle outlet diameter, and removal function. Appropriate path spacing is set according to the adopted machining parameters. The dwell time is calculated based on the machining path and removal function, and the machined surface is simulated to predict the corresponding surface quality evaluation indicators. Then, press the liquid supply and stirring button on the control cabinet to mix the abrasive particles and water evenly. Press the liquid supply start button and set the required polishing pressure. Driven by the motor, the high-pressure pump begins to pressurize the liquid supply pipeline. The liquid supply pipeline connects the nozzle and the high-pressure pump, and a pressure sensor and flow meter are installed between them. The pressure sensor continuously transmits pressure signals to the controller through closed-loop control. The controller regulates the pressure in the liquid supply pipeline by adjusting the pump speed to achieve a stable state. An overflow valve and damper are also installed in the pipeline to regulate pressure fluctuations, and the flow meter monitors the flow rate in the pipeline to prevent blockage. After the pressure is stabilized through the above operations, processing can begin.

[0074] First, rotate axis A so that the generatrix of the conical surface is perpendicular to the nozzle feed direction. Then, using the A / C rotary table driven by the motor, the workpiece rotates around axis C. The nozzle forms a spiral polishing path through a combination of horizontal feed with the X-axis slide saddle. For every path interval fed by the nozzle, the rotary axis rotates one revolution. During operation, material is continuously removed by the jet erosion, completing the polishing process. The slide saddle is fixed to the X-axis slide table, which is connected to a rolling linear guide. The rolling guide is connected to the motor via a coupling, and the jet beam feed speed is adjusted by regulating the motor speed. The nozzle mechanism is mounted on the B-axis rotary table. The quick-change female plate is connected to the nozzle, and the male plate is fixed to the rotary table. When facing different areas of the workpiece or narrow areas, the nozzle can be changed via the quick-change female plate, and the pipeline can be changed via the quick-change pipeline interface, thus using a small beam jet for polishing. The positioning and adjustment of the machine tool positioning elements, along with the principle of multi-specification beam collaborative polishing, eliminates transition area seams, achieving seam polishing. The B-axis rotary table is mounted on the Z-axis slide saddle, driven by a torque motor.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] Reference Figure 4-7 This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs from the previous embodiment in that it discloses a jet polishing device for complex curved surfaces, including a control cabinet, and a high-pressure jet generating component, a multi-specification nozzle component, an autonomous feeding component, a polishing slurry recovery mechanism, a polishing slurry protection component, and a machine tool motion component controlled by the control cabinet. The high-pressure jet generating component, the multi-specification nozzle component, the autonomous feeding component, the polishing slurry recovery mechanism, the polishing slurry protection component, and the machine tool motion component are respectively installed on the main frame of the machine tool.

[0077] The high-pressure jet generation component is used to pressurize the polishing fluid to generate a high-pressure jet.

[0078] The multi-specification nozzle assembly is used to eject beam jets of different sizes;

[0079] The self-feeding component is used to supply jet fluid to multi-specification nozzle assemblies;

[0080] The polishing fluid recovery mechanism is used to recover the polishing fluid;

[0081] The polishing fluid protection component

[0082] The machine tool motion assembly is used to control the movement of multi-specification nozzle assemblies;

[0083] The high-pressure jet generating component is fixedly connected to the multi-specification nozzle assembly, which faces the workpiece on the autonomous feeding component. A polishing fluid recovery mechanism is provided below the autonomous feeding component, and a polishing fluid protection component is provided on the polishing fluid recovery mechanism.

[0084] The multi-specification nozzle assembly includes a quick-change tool tray, a quick-change interface for the liquid supply line, and multi-specification nozzles.

[0085] The quick-change tool tray includes a male tray and a female tray. The male tray is connected to the B-axis rotary table, and the female tray is connected to the nozzle.

[0086] The quick-change interface for liquid supply connects the abrasive feed pipe and the nozzle assembly.

[0087] The high-pressure jet generating assembly 2 includes a motor 21, a high-pressure pump 22, an overflow valve 23, a damper 24, an abrasive feed pipe 25, a pressure sensor 26, a liquid level sensor 27, a flow sensor 28, an online concentration monitor 29, a hydraulic pipeline 210, a nozzle 211, a liquid storage tank 212, and a controller 213.

[0088] The motor 21 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure pump 22, the high-pressure pump 22 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic pipeline 210, the hydraulic pipeline 210 is fixedly connected to the abrasive feed pipe 25, and the hydraulic pipeline 210 is equipped with an overflow valve 23 and a damper 24.

[0089] The pressure sensor 26 is installed at the inlet of the nozzle 211 to detect the polishing fluid pressure and feeds the measured signal back to the controller. A closed-loop control algorithm is used to precisely control the polishing pressure.

[0090] The liquid level sensor 27 is installed in the feed tank 212;

[0091] The flow sensor 28 is installed in the hydraulic line 210;

[0092] The online concentration monitoring instrument 29 is installed in the liquid storage tank 212;

[0093] The pressure sensor 26, liquid level sensor 27, flow sensor 28, and online concentration monitor 29 are electrically connected to the controller 213.

[0094] The autonomous feeding component 4 includes an autonomous feeding tank 41 and an abrasive feed pipe 42; one end of the abrasive feed pipe 42 is connected to a high-pressure pump 43, which supplies liquid to the polishing system; the high-pressure pump 22 is connected to the output end of the autonomous feeding tank 41.

[0095] The multi-specification nozzle assembly 2110 includes a quick-change tool tray 2111, a quick-change interface for the liquid supply line 2112, and a multi-specification nozzle 211.

[0096] The quick-change tool tray has a male tray 21111 and a female tray 21112. The male tray 21111 is connected to the B-axis rotary table 710, and the female tray 21112 is connected to the nozzle 211.

[0097] The quick-change liquid supply port 55 connects the abrasive feed pipe 42 to the nozzle assembly 2110.

[0098] The machine tool frame 7 and the machine tool motion assembly 8 adopt a moving gantry-type six-axis structure, including a gantry column 71, a gantry beam 72, a Z-axis slide saddle 73, a ball linear guide 74, a ball screw 75, a servo motor 76, a worktable 77, a machine tool positioning probe 78, a double-arm cradle-type A / C turntable 79, a B-axis turntable 710, a bed base 711, a Y-axis slider 712, an X-axis slider 713, a motor 714, a coupling 715, a lead screw pair 716, a linear scale 717, and a controller 718.

[0099] The gantry column 71 is fixed to the bed base 711 by high-strength bolts;

[0100] The gantry beam 72 is mounted on the Y-axis slider 712;

[0101] The slide saddle 73 is mounted on the X-axis slider 713;

[0102] The ball screw 75 and the ball linear guide 74 are connected to the bed base 711.

[0103] The motor 714 is connected to the lead screw pair 716 and the ball linear guide 74 via a coupling 715;

[0104] The ball linear guide 74, ball screw 75 and double-arm cradle type A / C turntable 79 are equipped with grating rulers 717 and connected to controllers 718.

[0105] The machine tool positioning probe 78 is installed on the B-axis rotary table 710 to realize automatic edge tracking and tool setting.

[0106] The B-axis turntable 710 is mounted on the Z-axis slide saddle 73 and is driven along the Z-axis by a torque motor 719. Under the action of a rotary motor 720, it can rotate along the B-axis.

[0107] The dual-arm cradle type A / C turntable 79 is fixed on the bed base 711 and is used to place the workpiece so that the workpiece can rotate along the A-axis and C-axis respectively.

[0108] It has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and can achieve efficient and high-conformity machining of complex curved surfaces.

[0109] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0110] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fluid-jet polishing method for a complex curved surface, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain processing parameter information; the processing parameter information includes: the curvature of multiple surfaces to be processed on the workpiece, the diameter of the polishing nozzle outlet, the spray angle, and the spacing of the polishing path; Different optimal removal functions are generated based on the curvature of the surface to be processed, the nozzle outlet diameter, and the jetting angle; and the residence time of jet polishing on each surface to be processed is determined based on the spacing of the polishing path and the optimal removal function. Step S2: Perform simulated polishing on the workpiece according to the parameters set in step S1, evaluate the surface of the workpiece after simulated polishing, and perform formal polishing on the workpiece or adjust the optimal removal function based on the evaluation results. Step S3: Perform formal polishing on the workpiece according to the optimal removal function described in step S2; when switching to polish the machining surface with different surface curvatures, change the polishing nozzle with different exit diameters; and match a new optimal removal function; and according to the relationship between the optimal removal function matched on the previous machining surface and the optimal removal function matched on the switched surface, control the polishing nozzle to move to the new starting point and start polishing. Generating the optimal removal function based on the aforementioned processing parameter information includes: By defining the material removal rate as related to the pressure distribution derivative, a model for the optimal removal function is obtained, and its mathematical expression is: ； Where MRR represents the material removal rate at each point on the polished surface, Pw represents the pressure at each point, P0 represents the peak jet pressure, and r h This represents the distance from a point on the wall surface impacted by the jet to the central axis of the jet stream. This indicates the direction of the pressure gradient, and K represents the removal function constant. A coefficient representing the pressure range of the central impact region. This represents the peak pressure range influence coefficient, where K, and For unknown coefficients; When the workpiece is polished according to the optimal removal function described in step S2, the A-axis is rotated so that the generatrix of the conical surface is perpendicular to the nozzle feed direction. The workpiece is rotated around the C-axis by the motor driven by the A / C turntable. The nozzle forms a spiral polishing path with the horizontal feed of the X-axis slide saddle. The rotating axis rotates once for every path spacing fed by the nozzle. During the operation, the material is continuously removed by the jet erosion, and the polishing process is completed. In step S3, the workpiece is formally polished. When changing polishing nozzles with different outlet diameters: When polishing different areas of the workpiece, the nozzle mechanism is mounted on the B-axis turntable. The quick-change female plate is connected to the nozzle, and the male plate is fixed to the turntable. The nozzle is changed through the quick-change female plate, and the pipeline is changed through the quick-change pipeline interface. The nozzle sprays beam jets of different sizes for polishing. When replacing the nozzle, the flow rate of the liquid supply line should be checked; The pipeline is also equipped with overflow valves and dampers to regulate pressure fluctuations, and flow meters to monitor the flow rate in the pipeline.

2. The jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 involves performing simulated polishing on the workpiece and evaluating the surface of the workpiece after simulated polishing, including: The dwell time under the condition of variable removal function is solved by matrix method to obtain the simulated processed surface.

3. The jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, based on the evaluation results, performing formal polishing of the workpiece or adjusting the optimal removal function includes: Once the dwell time during jet polishing is determined, the processed surface is simulated, and the corresponding surface quality evaluation indicators are predicted. If the surface quality is not satisfactory, the spacing of the polishing path and the optimal removal function are readjusted. If the surface quality is satisfactory, the formal polishing of the workpiece begins.

4. The jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When changing to nozzles of different specifications, it is also necessary to adjust the spray angle and feed speed; The B-axis turntable is mounted on the Z-axis slide saddle and is driven along the Z-axis by a torque motor to adjust the jet polishing target distance. The jet injection angle can be adjusted by rotating the B-axis. The slide saddle is fixed to the X-axis slide table, which is connected to the rolling linear guide. The rolling guide is connected to the motor via a coupling, and the feed speed of the jet beam is adjusted by adjusting the motor speed.

5. A jet polishing apparatus for complex curved surfaces, used to perform the jet polishing method for complex curved surfaces as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes a control cabinet, and a high-pressure jet generating component, a multi-specification nozzle component, an autonomous feeding component, a polishing fluid recovery mechanism, a polishing fluid protection component, and a machine tool motion component controlled by the control cabinet. The high-pressure jet generating component, the multi-specification nozzle component, the autonomous feeding component, the polishing fluid recovery mechanism, the polishing fluid protection component, and the machine tool motion component are respectively installed on the main frame of the machine tool. The high-pressure jet generation component is used to pressurize the polishing fluid to generate a high-pressure jet. The multi-specification nozzle assembly is used to eject beam jets of different sizes; The self-feeding component is used to supply jet fluid to multi-specification nozzle assemblies; The polishing fluid recovery mechanism is used to recover the polishing fluid; The polishing fluid protection component The machine tool motion assembly is used to control the movement of multi-specification nozzle assemblies; The high-pressure jet generating component is fixedly connected to the multi-specification nozzle assembly, which faces the workpiece on the autonomous feeding component. A polishing fluid recovery mechanism is provided below the autonomous feeding component, and a polishing fluid protection component is provided on the polishing fluid recovery mechanism.

6. The jet polishing apparatus for complex curved surfaces as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-specification nozzle assembly includes a quick-change tool tray, a quick-change interface for the liquid supply line, and multi-specification nozzles. The quick-change tool tray includes a male tray and a female tray. The male tray is connected to the B-axis rotary table, and the female tray is connected to the nozzle. The quick-change interface of the liquid supply pipeline connects the abrasive feed pipe and the nozzle assembly.

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