A charger, a vehicle

Abstract

The present application provides a charger, a vehicle, a charging method and a medium, which have a lower cost, can reduce the current ripple at the bus capacitor, and improve the charging quality. The charger includes: a power factor correction module, a bus capacitor module, and a mode switching module; wherein the power factor correction module can be used to rectify the received target alternating current, and the target alternating current is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current. When the target alternating current is three-phase alternating current, the mode switching module can disconnect any phase branch in the power factor correction module from the zero line, so that the power factor correction module, the positive bus, the bus capacitor module, and the negative bus form a charging loop; or, when the target alternating current is single-phase alternating current, the power factor correction module can couple a phase branch that is not connected to the single-phase alternating current to the zero line through the mode switching module, so that the power factor correction module, the positive bus, the bus capacitor module, the negative bus, and the zero line form a charging loop.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The application number of the original application is 202210301873.0, and the original application date is March 4, 2022. The entire content of the original application is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of charging technologies, and in particular, to a charger, a vehicle, a charging method, and a medium. Background Art

[0003] The on-board charger (OBC) in a vehicle can convert the three-phase alternating current provided by the grid side into direct current and charge the vehicle's battery. The OBC generally includes a power factor correction (PFC) module, a bus capacitor, and a DC-DC module. The PFC module rectifies the three-phase alternating current, and the rectified electric energy is output to the DC-DC module via the bus capacitor. The DC-DC module performs power conversion on the electric energy at the bus capacitor and then charges the battery.

[0004] The PFC module can adjust the waveform of the input DC bus capacitor, reduce harmonics, and reduce reactive power. In some charging scenarios, the grid side can only provide single-phase alternating current. Therefore, it is required that the OBC be capable of both charging the vehicle's battery using three-phase alternating current and charging the vehicle's battery using single-phase alternating current. When the existing OBC uses single-phase alternating current to charge the vehicle's battery, the current ripple at the DC bus capacitor is relatively large, and the charging quality is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a charger, a vehicle, a charging method, and a medium, which have the advantages of low cost, can reduce the current ripple at the bus capacitor, and improve the charging quality.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a charger, which may include: a power factor correction module, a bus capacitor module, and a mode switching module; wherein, the power factor correction module may include multi-phase branches. In the single-phase AC charging mode, the power factor correction module may couple a branch of a phase other than the accessed single-phase AC to the neutral line through the mode switching module. Specifically, the power factor correction module may include a first-phase branch, a second-phase branch, and a third-phase branch. The first end of the mode switching module is respectively coupled to the first ends of the second-phase branch and the third-phase branch, and the second end of the mode switching module is coupled to the neutral line. The first end of the power factor correction module is coupled to the positive bus, the second end of the power factor correction module is coupled to the negative bus, and the third end of the power factor correction module is coupled to the first end of the bus capacitor module; the second end of the bus capacitor module is coupled to the positive bus, and the third end of the bus capacitor module is coupled to the negative bus. The power factor correction module is used to rectify the received target alternating current, and the target alternating current is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current. The mode switching module is used for: when the target alternating current is three-phase alternating current, disconnecting the first ends of the second-phase branch and the third-phase branch from the neutral line respectively, so that the power factor correction module, the positive bus, the bus capacitor module, and the negative bus form a charging circuit; when the target alternating current is single-phase alternating current, when the first end of the first-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, conducting the first end of the third-phase branch to the neutral line, and when the first end of the third-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, conducting the first end of the second-phase branch to the neutral line, so that the power factor correction module, the positive bus, the bus capacitor module, the negative bus, and the neutral line form a charging circuit.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, when the charger operates in the three-phase AC charging mode, the power factor correction module can support rectifying three-phase AC. When the charger operates in the single-phase AC charging mode, the power factor correction module can support rectifying single-phase AC. The charger may further include a control module, and the control module can control the power factor correction module and the mode switching module to make the charger operate in the three-phase AC charging mode or the single-phase AC charging mode.

[0008] In a possible design, the bus capacitor module generally includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor. Among them, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in series between the positive bus and the negative bus. The first pole of the first capacitor is coupled to the first end of the bus capacitor module, or the first pole of the first capacitor can be used as the first end of the bus capacitor module. The second pole of the first capacitor can be coupled to the second end of the bus capacitor module, or the second pole of the first capacitor can be used as the second end of the bus capacitor module. The first pole of the second capacitor is coupled to the first pole of the first capacitor, and the second pole of the second capacitor can be coupled to the third end of the bus capacitor module, or the second pole of the second bus capacitor can be used as the third end of the bus capacitor module.

[0009] In the three-phase AC charging mode, the mode switching module can disconnect all single-phase branches of the power factor correction module from the neutral line, so that a charging loop can be formed among the three-phase AC power supply side, the power factor correction module, the positive bus, the negative bus, and the bus capacitor module to charge the bus capacitor module. At this time, a first charging loop is formed among the first end of the power factor correction module, the first capacitor, and the third end of the power factor correction module, realizing the charging of the first capacitor by the power factor correction module. A second charging loop can be formed among the second end of the power factor correction module, the second capacitor, and the third end of the power factor correction module, and the power factor correction module charges the second capacitor.

[0010] In the single-phase AC charging mode, the mode switching module can conduct the phase branch of the power factor correction module that does not access the single-phase AC power to the neutral line, so that a charging loop can be formed among the single-phase AC power supply side, the power factor correction module, the bus capacitor module, and the neutral line to charge the bus capacitor module. At this time, a charging loop is formed among the first end of the power factor correction module, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the second end of the power factor correction module to charge the first capacitor and the second capacitor together.

[0011] Compared with the existing chargers, in the charger provided by the embodiment of the present application, in the single-phase AC charging mode, the mode switching module connects a phase branch of the power factor correction module to the neutral line, so that the first end and the second end of the power factor correction module charge the bus capacitor module. Such a design can avoid voltage and power ripples at the midpoint of the first capacitor and the second capacitor, improving the charging quality. And the first capacitor and the second capacitor can be capacitors with a smaller capacity instead of a large-capacity capacitor, making the cost of the charger lower.

[0012] In some scenarios, the three-level rectifier circuit in the power factor correction module can support half-wave rectification. In other scenarios, the three-level rectifier circuit in the power factor correction module can support full-wave rectification. In the charger provided by the embodiment of the present application, the three-level rectifier circuit in the power factor correction module can support full-wave rectification.

[0013] In a possible design, an inductor and a bidirectional switch are sequentially coupled between the first end of each phase branch in the first-phase branch, the second-phase branch, and the third-phase branch and the third end of the power factor correction module; the first end of the inductor coupled to the bidirectional switch is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module through a first diode and to the second end of the power factor correction module through a second diode. The multi-phase branches in the power factor correction module can form a Vienna topology. Generally, the Vienna topology can achieve rectification of three-phase alternating current. For example, the control module can control the bidirectional switches of the above-mentioned phase branches. In the three-phase alternating current charging mode, the control module can achieve rectification of three-phase alternating current by controlling the conduction / breaking of the bidirectional switches in each phase branch. The control module can control the switches of each phase branch based on the working principle of the Vienna topology to achieve rectification of three-phase alternating current. The control module can control each phase branch based on a pre-stored three-phase alternating current rectification control method.

[0014] In a possible design, the mode switching module may include a first switch and a second switch; the first end of the second-phase branch is coupled to the neutral line through the first switch; the first end of the third-phase branch is coupled to the neutral line through the second switch, and the control module can control the conduction / breaking of the first switch and the second switch in the mode switching module.

[0015] The first switch is in the open state and the second switch is in the open state, so that there is an open circuit between the first end of the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module and the neutral line, and there is an open circuit between the first end of the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module and the neutral line. Each phase branch of the power factor correction module can form a charging circuit with the bus capacitor module, enabling the power factor correction module to rectify three-phase alternating current.

[0016] When the first end of the first-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, the first switch is in the open state and the second switch is in the closed state, so that there is a connection between the first end of the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module and the neutral line, and there is an open circuit between the first end of the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module and the neutral line. At this time, a charging circuit is formed between the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module and the neutral line, enabling the power factor correction module to rectify single-phase alternating current, and the voltage and current ripple at the midpoint of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are small.

[0017] When the first end of the third-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, the first switch is in the on state and the second switch is in the off state, so that the first end of the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module is connected to the neutral line, and the first end of the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module is disconnected from the neutral line. At this time, a charging circuit is formed between the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module and the neutral line, which enables the power factor correction module to rectify the single-phase alternating current, and the voltage and current ripples at the midpoint of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are small.

[0018] In a possible design, the charger may further include: an input switching module; the input switching module is respectively coupled to the first end of the first-phase branch, the first end of the second-phase branch, and the first end of the third-phase branch; the input switching module is configured to provide one phase of the three-phase alternating current to the first-phase branch, the second-phase branch, and the third-phase branch respectively when receiving three-phase alternating current; and provide the single-phase alternating current to any one of the first-phase branch, the second-phase branch, and the third-phase branch when receiving single-phase alternating current.

[0019] The input switching module can be respectively coupled to the first-phase input terminal, the second-phase input terminal, and the third-phase input terminal, and can receive the alternating current provided by the first-phase input terminal, the second-phase input terminal, and the third-phase input terminal under the control of the control module, such as three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current. In the three-phase alternating current charging mode, the control module can control the input switching module to receive three-phase alternating current and provide the three-phase alternating current to each phase branch of the power factor correction module respectively. In the single-phase alternating current charging mode, the control module can control the input switching module to receive single-phase alternating current and provide the single-phase alternating current to any one phase branch of the power factor correction module.

[0020] In a possible design, when the charger operates in the single-phase alternating current charging mode, the input switching module can provide the single-phase alternating current received by any one of the first-phase input, the second-phase input terminal, and the third-phase input terminal to the power factor correction module. The input switching module may include a third switch, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch. Among them, the first-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the first-phase branch through the third switch. The second-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the second-phase branch through the fourth switch. The third-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the third-phase branch through the fifth switch.

[0021] The control module can control the third switch to be in the on state, so that the alternating current received by the first-phase input terminal can be transmitted to the first-phase branch; the control module can also control the third switch to be in the off state, so that the first-phase input terminal is open-circuited from the first-phase branch. Similarly, the control module can control the fourth switch to be in the on state, so that the alternating current received by the second-phase input terminal can be transmitted to the second-phase branch; the control module can also control the fourth switch to be in the off state, so that the second-phase input terminal is open-circuited from the second-phase branch. The control module can control the fifth switch to be in the on state, so that the alternating current received by the third-phase input terminal can be transmitted to the third-phase branch; the control module can also control the fifth switch to be in the off state, so that the third-phase input terminal is open-circuited from the third-phase branch.

[0022] In a possible design, in the single-phase alternating current charging mode, to increase the charging power of the bus capacitor module, the input switching module may further include a sixth switch; the first-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the second-phase branch through the sixth switch. When the first-phase input terminal receives single-phase alternating current, if the control module controls the sixth switch to be in the on state, the single-phase alternating current at the first input terminal can be transmitted to the first-phase branch and the second-phase branch. Or, when the second-phase input terminal receives single-phase alternating current, if the control module controls the sixth switch K6 to be in the on state, the single-phase alternating current at the second input terminal can be transmitted to the first-phase branch and the second-phase branch.

[0023] In a possible design, the charger may further include a control module; the control module is coupled to the switching module; the control module is configured to: when detecting that the target power supply coupled to the charger is a three-phase alternating current power supply, control the mode switching module to disconnect the first end of the second-phase branch and the first end of the third-phase branch from the neutral line respectively; when detecting that the target power supply is a single-phase alternating current power supply, when detecting that the first end of the first-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, control the mode switching module to conduct the first end of the third-phase branch to the neutral line, and when detecting that the first end of the third-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, control the mode switching module to conduct the first end of the second-phase branch to the neutral line.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including a battery and a charger according to any possible design in the first aspect above. The charger is configured to perform power conversion on the received alternating current and then supply power to the battery, where the alternating current is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current.

[0025] Thirdly, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging method, which can be applied to a charger in any possible design in the above first aspect and can be executed by a control module. The method may include: when the charger receives three-phase alternating current, the control module controls the mode switching module to disconnect the first ends of the second-phase branch and the third-phase branch from the neutral line respectively; when the charger receives single-phase alternating current, when it is detected that the first end of the first-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, the control module controls the mode switching module to conduct the first end of the third-phase branch to the neutral line, and when it is detected that the first end of the third-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, the control module controls the mode switching module to conduct the first end of the second-phase branch to the neutral line.

[0026] In a possible design, after the control module controls the mode switching module to disconnect the first ends of the second-phase branch and the third-phase branch from the neutral line respectively, the method further includes: the control module controls the power factor correction module to rectify the three-phase alternating current.

[0027] In a possible design, after the control module controls the mode switching module to conduct the first end of the second-phase branch to the neutral line and controls the mode switching module to conduct the first end of the third-phase branch to the neutral line, the method further includes: the control module controls the power factor correction module to rectify the single-phase alternating current.

[0028] Fourthly, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by the control module, the control module is enabled to execute the method provided in any item of the above third aspect.

[0029] Fifthly, the present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed, the method in any design of the third aspect is enabled to be executed.

[0030] For the technical effects that can be achieved by any possible design in any one of the second aspect and the fifth aspect, please refer to the technical effects that can be achieved by any possible design in the above first aspect, which will not be repeated here. These aspects or other aspects of the present application will be more clearly understood in the following description of the embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a vehicle charging scenario;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing charger;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of an existing charger;

[0034] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of a charger provided by this application;

[0035] Figure 5 Specific structural schematic diagram of a charger provided by this application;

[0036] Figure 6 Specific circuit schematic diagram of a charger provided by this application;

[0037] Figures 7a to 7d Partial circuit schematic diagrams of the first-phase branch in a charger provided by this application respectively;

[0038] Figures 8a to 8d Working schematic diagrams of each mode when single-phase alternating current is received at the first-phase input end of the charger provided by this application respectively;

[0039] Figures 9a to 9d Working schematic diagrams of each mode when single-phase alternating current is received at the second-phase input end of the charger provided by this application respectively;

[0040] Figures 10a to 10d Working schematic diagrams of each mode when single-phase alternating current is received at the third-phase input end of the charger provided by this application respectively;

[0041] Figure 11 Schematic flowchart of a charging method provided by this application. Specific implementation manners

[0042] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the following will further describe this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operation methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of this application, "at least one" means one or more, where multiple means two or more. In view of this, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two" in the embodiments of this invention. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after, unless otherwise specified. In addition, it should be understood that in the description of this application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.

[0043] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, "coupling" can be understood as electrical connection, and the coupling of two electrical components can be direct or indirect coupling between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be either direct coupling between A and B or indirect coupling between A and B through one or more other electrical components. For example, for the coupling between A and B, it can also be direct coupling between A and C and direct coupling between C and B, and the coupling between A and B is realized through C. In some scenarios, "coupling" can also be understood as connection. In short, the coupling between A and B enables the transmission of electrical energy between A and B.

[0044] It should be noted that the switching tubes and switches in the embodiments of the present application can be one or more of various types of switching tubes such as relays, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), etc., and the embodiments of the present application will not list them one by one. Each switching tube can include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a control electrode. Among them, the control electrode is used to control the conduction or disconnection of the switching tube. When the switching tube is conducting, current can be transmitted between the first electrode and the second electrode of the switching tube; when the switching tube is disconnected, current cannot be transmitted between the first electrode and the second electrode of the switching tube. Taking the MOSFET as an example, the control electrode of the switching tube is the gate, the first electrode of the switching tube can be the source of the switching tube, and the second electrode can be the drain of the switching tube, or the first electrode can be the drain of the switching tube and the second electrode can be the source of the switching tube.

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0046] New energy vehicles are mostly driven by electrical energy. Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of the system structure of a new energy vehicle is shown. As Figure 1 shown, the new energy vehicle 10 mainly includes an on-board charger OBC 11, a low-voltage load 12, a power battery 13, a motor 14, and a wheel 15.

[0047] Among them, the power battery 13 is a large-capacity and high-power storage battery. When the new energy vehicle is running, the power battery 13 can supply power to the motor 14, and the motor 14 can then drive the wheel 15 to rotate, thereby realizing vehicle movement.

[0048] The low-voltage load 12 is a functional circuit or in-vehicle device inside the vehicle (new energy vehicle 10), and the rated voltage of the low-voltage load 12 is much lower than the rated voltage of the power battery 13. Exemplarily, the low-voltage load 12 may include, but is not limited to, lead-acid batteries, in-vehicle radios, in-vehicle navigators, etc. inside the new energy vehicle 10, and the embodiments of the present application will not list them one by one.

[0049] When the new energy vehicle 10 is charging, generally, the new energy vehicle 10 can be charged through the charging pile 20. As Figure 1 shown, the charging pile 20 mainly includes a power supply circuit 21 and a charging gun 22. The input end of the power supply circuit 21 can receive the AC electric energy provided by the power frequency power grid 30, and the output end of the power supply circuit 21 is connected to the charging gun 22 through a cable. Generally speaking, the power supply circuit 21 can convert the received alternating current into charging electric energy suitable for the new energy vehicle 10. The charging electric energy converted by the power supply circuit 21 can be input into the OBC 11 through the charging gun 22.

[0050] The OBC 11 supplies a part of the received charging electric energy to the power battery 13, and the power battery 13 then stores this part of the electric energy. In some scenarios, the OBC 11 can also supply another part of the received charging electric energy to the low-voltage load 12 for the low-voltage load 12 to use. For example, the lead-acid battery in the low-voltage load 12 can store this part of the electric energy, and the in-vehicle radio in the low-voltage load 12 can also use this part of the electric energy to work.

[0051] Figure 2 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of an OBC 11 is shown. As Figure 2 shown, the OBC 11 mainly includes a control module 111 and an OBC circuit 112.

[0052] Among them, the control module 111 is connected to the OBC circuit 112, and the control module 111 can generate various control signals to control the operation of the OBC circuit 112. Exemplarily, the control module 111 can be any one of a microcontroller unit (MCU), a general central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a digital signal processing (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. inside the OBC 11, or any combination of one or more of other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, and hardware components.

[0053] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, the OBC circuit 112 mainly includes a power factor correction module 1121, a bus capacitor module 1122, and a DC-DC module 1123. The power factor correction module 1121 is coupled to the DC-DC module 1123 through the bus capacitor module 1122. The power factor correction module 1121 can, under the control of the control module 111, perform power calibration on the AC power, convert the calibrated AC power into DC power, and supply the DC power to the bus capacitor module 1122.

[0054] The DC-DC module 1123 can obtain electrical energy from the bus capacitor module 1122 and perform DC-DC processing, such as boost processing or buck processing, etc. The DC-DC module 1123 can supply the electrical energy after DC-DC processing to the power battery 13 or the low-voltage load 12.

[0055] Generally, the DC-DC module 1123 may include a primary circuit 1123A, a transformer 1123B, and at least one secondary circuit 1123C. The primary circuit 1123A can receive input electrical energy, and the input electrical energy can be DC power. The primary circuit 1123A is an inverter circuit capable of converting the received DC power into AC power and outputting it to the transformer 1123B. The transformer 1123B can step up or down the received AC power and supply a part of the stepped-up or down AC power to at least one secondary circuit 1123C. Each secondary circuit 1123C can be a rectifier circuit. The first secondary circuit in at least one secondary circuit 1123C can rectify the received AC power into first DC power and output the first DC power to the power battery 13. In some examples, at least one secondary circuit 1123C is a plurality of secondary circuits, and the second secondary circuit of at least one secondary circuit 1123C can rectify the received AC power into second DC power and output the first DC power to the low-voltage load 12. In the embodiments of the present application, the introduction of the DC-DC module 1123 is only used to illustrate the charging process of the OBC for the power battery 13 and does not specifically limit the structure of the DC-DC module in the OBC.

[0056] In some possible implementation manners, the OBC circuit 112 may further include an electromagnetic compatibility module 1124. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) generally refers to the ability of the OBC to operate in compliance with requirements in its electromagnetic environment and not generate intolerable electromagnetic interference to any device in its environment. The electromagnetic compatibility module 1124 can be used to filter the alternating current input to the power factor correction module 1121.

[0057] Figure 3 Exemplarily shows a specific structural schematic diagram of an OBC11, as shownFigure 3 As shown, the power factor correction module 1121 in the existing OBC 11 generally includes a three-level rectifier circuit. The bus capacitor module 1122 generally includes two capacitors connected in series, denoted as capacitor CB1 and capacitor CB2 respectively. One end of the three-level rectifier circuit is coupled to one pole of capacitor CB1 through the positive bus, the second end of the three-level rectifier circuit is coupled to one pole of capacitor CB2 through the negative bus, and the third end of the three-level rectifier circuit is coupled to the other pole of capacitor CB1 and the other pole of capacitor CB2 respectively. Among them, the third end of the three-level rectifier circuit is coupled to the zero line, so that the midpoint potential of capacitor CB1 and capacitor CB2 is clamped by the zero line.

[0058] After the three-level rectifier circuit rectifies the single-phase alternating current, it charges capacitor CB1 and capacitor CNB2. During this process, in the positive half cycle of the single-phase alternating current, the first end of the three-level rectifier circuit outputs power to the positive bus, and in the negative half cycle of the single-phase alternating current, the second end of the three-level rectifier circuit outputs power to the negative bus. Since the midpoint potential of capacitor CB1 and capacitor CB2 is clamped by the zero line, there are large voltage and current fluctuations, that is, current ripples, on the positive bus and the negative bus. The imbalance of the voltages on the positive bus and the negative bus requires larger-capacity capacitors CB1 and CB2 for filtering, resulting in higher costs, and the generation of current ripples is not conducive to the operation of the DC-DC module 1123.

[0059] In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides an OBC with lower cost, which can reduce the current ripple at the bus capacitor and improve the charging quality.

[0060] Figure 4 An exemplary structural diagram of an OBC 21 provided by the present application is shown, as Figure 4 As shown, the OBC 21 provided by the embodiment of the present application may include a power factor correction module 2121, a bus capacitor module 2122, and a mode switching module 2123. The power factor correction module 2121 may include a multi-phase branch. In the single-phase alternating current charging mode, the power factor correction module 2121 may couple a phase branch that is not connected to the single-phase alternating current to the zero line through the mode switching module 2123.

[0061] The OBC 21 may further include a DC-DC module 2124, which can obtain DC electrical energy from the bus capacitor module 2122 and, after performing power conversion, charge the power battery 13. The DC-DC module 2124 may include structures such as the aforementioned primary circuit, the aforementioned transformer, and the aforementioned secondary circuit to implement the power conversion function, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this too much.

[0062] When the OBC21 operates in the three-phase AC charging mode, the power factor correction module 2121 can support the rectification of three-phase AC. When the OBC21 operates in the single-phase AC charging mode, the power factor correction module 2121 can support the rectification of single-phase AC. The OBC21 may further include a control module 211. The control module 211 can control the power factor correction module 2121 and the mode switching module 2123 to make the OBC21 operate in the three-phase AC charging mode or the single-phase AC charging mode.

[0063] Figure 5 An exemplary specific structural schematic diagram of an OBC21 provided by the present application is shown. Please refer to Figure 5 , the first end of the power factor correction module 2121 is coupled to the positive bus, the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 is coupled to the negative bus, and the third end of the power factor correction module 2121 is coupled to the first end of the bus capacitor module 2122; the second end of the bus capacitor module 2122 is coupled to the positive bus, and the third end of the bus capacitor module 2122 is coupled to the negative bus.

[0064] Figure 6 An exemplary specific circuit schematic diagram of an OBC21 provided by the present application is shown. Please refer to Figure 6 , the bus capacitor module 2122 generally includes a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2. Among them, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series between the positive bus and the negative bus. The first pole of the first capacitor C1 is coupled to the first end of the bus capacitor module 2122, or the first pole of the first capacitor C1 can be used as the first end of the bus capacitor module 2122. The second pole of the first capacitor C1 can be coupled to the second end of the bus capacitor module 2122, or the second pole of the first capacitor C1 can be used as the second end of the bus capacitor module 2122. The first pole of the second capacitor C2 is coupled to the first pole of the first capacitor C1, and the second pole of the second capacitor C2 can be coupled to the third end of the bus capacitor module 2122, or the second pole of the second bus capacitor C2 can be used as the third end of the bus capacitor module 2122. For the convenience of introduction, the node where the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are coupled is denoted as node P.

[0065] In the three-phase alternating current charging mode, the mode switching module 2123 can disconnect all single-phase branches of the power factor correction module 2121 from the neutral line N, so that a charging loop can be formed between the three-phase alternating current power supply side, the power factor correction module 2121, the positive bus, the negative bus, and the bus capacitor module 2122 to charge the bus capacitor module 2122. At this time, a first charging loop is formed between the first end of the power factor correction module 2121, the first capacitor C1, and the third end of the power factor correction module 2121, realizing the charging of the first capacitor C1 by the power factor correction module 2121. A second charging loop can be formed between the second end of the power factor correction module 2121, the second capacitor C2, and the third end of the power factor correction module 2121, and the power factor correction module 2121 charges the second capacitor C2.

[0066] In the single-phase alternating current charging mode, the mode switching module 2123 can conduct a connection between a phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 that does not access the single-phase alternating current and the neutral line N, so that a charging loop can be formed between the single-phase alternating current power supply side, the power factor correction module 2121, the bus capacitor module 2122, and the neutral line N to charge the bus capacitor module 2122. At this time, a charging loop is formed between the first end of the power factor correction module 2121, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 to charge the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together.

[0067] Compared with the existing OBC11, in the OBC21 provided by the embodiment of the present application, in the single-phase alternating current charging mode, the mode switching module 2123 connects a phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 to the neutral line N, so that the first end and the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 charge the bus capacitor module 2122. Such a design can avoid voltage power ripples at the midpoint P of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, improving the charging quality. And the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 can be capacitors with a smaller capacity instead of a large capacity, making the cost of the OBC21 lower.

[0068] In some scenarios, the three-level rectifier circuit in the power factor correction module 2121 can support half-wave rectification. In other scenarios, the three-level rectifier circuit in the power factor correction module 212— can support full-wave rectification. In the OBC21 provided by the embodiment of the present application, the three-level rectifier circuit in the power factor correction module 2121 can support full-wave rectification.

[0069] In a possible design, please refer to Figure 6, the power factor correction module 2121 may include a multi-phase branch. In some examples, the power factor correction module 2121 may include a three-phase branch. For ease of introduction, the three-phase branch may correspond to three-phase alternating current respectively. For example, the three-phase branches are respectively denoted as the first-phase branch, the second-phase branch, and the third-phase branch.

[0070] In the three-phase alternating current charging mode, in the three-phase branch, each phase branch may receive a corresponding phase of alternating current. For example, the first-phase branch may receive the A-phase alternating current provided by the three-phase power grid side, the second-phase branch may receive the B-phase alternating current, and the third-phase branch may receive the C-phase alternating current.

[0071] The circuit structure of each phase branch is the same. An inductor and a bidirectional switch are sequentially coupled between the first end of each phase branch and the third end of the power factor correction module 2121. The first end of the inductor coupled to the bidirectional switch is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a first diode, and is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a second diode.

[0072] For example, an inductor LA and a bidirectional switch SA are sequentially coupled between the first end PA of the first-phase branch and the third end of the power factor correction module 2121. The first end of the inductor LA coupled to the bidirectional switch SA is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a diode DA1. The positive electrode of the diode DA1 is coupled to the bidirectional switch SA, and the negative electrode of the diode DA1 is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121. The first end of the inductor LA coupled to the bidirectional switch SA is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a diode DA2. The negative electrode of the diode DA2 is coupled to the inductor LA, and the positive electrode of the diode DA2 is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121.

[0073] Similarly, an inductor LB and a bidirectional switch SB are sequentially coupled between the first end PB of the second-phase branch and the third end of the power factor correction module 2121. The first end of the inductor LB coupled to the bidirectional switch SB is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a diode DB1. The positive electrode of the diode DB1 is coupled to the bidirectional switch SB, and the negative electrode of the diode DB1 is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121. The first end of the inductor LB coupled to the bidirectional switch SB is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a diode DB2. The negative electrode of the diode DB2 is coupled to the inductor LB, and the positive electrode of the diode DB2 is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121.

[0074] Similarly, an inductor LC and a bidirectional switch SC are sequentially coupled between the first end PC of the third-phase branch and the third end of the power factor correction module 2121. The first end of the inductor LC coupled to the bidirectional switch SC is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a diode DC1. The positive electrode of the diode DC1 is coupled to the bidirectional switch SC, and the negative electrode of the diode DC1 is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121. The first end of the inductor LC coupled to the bidirectional switch SC is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a diode DC2. The negative electrode of the diode DC2 is coupled to the inductor LC, and the positive electrode of the diode DC2 is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121.

[0075] For ease of introduction, the node coupled between the inductor LA, diode DA1, bidirectional switch SA, and diode DA2 in the first-phase branch is denoted as node A. The node coupled between the inductor LB, diode DB1, bidirectional switch SB, and diode DB2 in the second-phase branch is denoted as node B. The node coupled between the inductor LC, diode DC1, bidirectional switch SC, and diode DC2 in the third-phase branch is denoted as node C.

[0076] It can be seen that the multi-phase branches in the power factor correction module 2121 of the OBC21 provided in the embodiments of the present application can form a Vienna topology. Generally, the Vienna topology can rectify three-phase alternating current. For example, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switches of the above-mentioned phase branches. In the three-phase alternating current charging mode, the control module 211 can rectify the three-phase alternating current by controlling the conduction / breaking of the bidirectional switches in each phase branch. The control module 211 can control the switches of each phase branch based on the working principle of the Vienna topology to rectify the three-phase alternating current. The control module 211 can control each phase branch based on the pre-stored control method for rectifying three-phase alternating current. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this too much.

[0077] Figures 7a to 7d A partial circuit schematic diagram of the first-phase branch in an OBC21 provided by the present application is respectively shown exemplarily.

[0078] Specifically, please refer to Figure 6 , the bidirectional switch in each phase branch may specifically include a first sub-switch and a second sub-switch connected in series, and the negative electrodes of the body diodes of the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch may be connected to each other. Or, please refer to Figure 7a, the anodes of the body diodes of the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch can be connected to each other. For example, in the first-phase branch, the first pole of the first sub-switch QA1 is coupled to node A, the second pole of the first sub-switch QA1 is coupled to the first pole of the second sub-switch QA2, and the second pole of the second sub-switch QA2 is coupled to the midpoint P. The control electrodes of the first sub-switch QA1 and the second sub-switch QA2 are used to receive control signals. In the three-phase AC charging mode or in the single-phase AC charging mode, the control signals received by the first sub-switch QA1 and the second sub-switch QA2 can be the same.

[0079] Or, please refer to Figure 7a and Figure 7b , the bidirectional switch in each phase branch may specifically include a first sub-switch and a second sub-switch connected in parallel, a third diode connected in series with the first sub-switch, and a fourth diode connected in series with the second sub-switch; the first end where the first sub-switch and the third diode are coupled is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a first diode, and the first end where the second sub-switch and the fourth diode are coupled is coupled to the second end of the power factor correction module 2121 through a second diode. For example, in the first-phase branch, please refer to Figure 7a , the first pole of the first sub-switch QA1 is coupled to node A, the second pole of the first sub-switch QA1 is coupled to the cathode of the third diode DA3, the anode of the third diode DA3 is coupled to the midpoint P, the first pole of the second sub-switch QA2 is coupled to node A, the second pole of the second sub-switch QA2 is coupled to the anode of the fourth diode DA4, and the cathode of the fourth diode DA4 is coupled to the midpoint P. Or, please refer to Figure 7b , the anode of the third diode DA3 is coupled to node A, the cathode of the third diode DA3 is coupled to the first pole of the first sub-switch QA1, the second pole of the first sub-switch QA1 is coupled to the midpoint P, the cathode of the fourth diode DA4 is coupled to node A, the anode of the fourth diode DA4 is coupled to the first pole of the second sub-switch QA2, and the second pole of the second sub-switch QA2 is coupled to the midpoint P.

[0080] Or, please refer to Figure 7d , the bidirectional switch in each phase branch may specifically include a first sub-switch and four diodes connected in parallel. For example, in the first-phase branch, the anode of the third diode DA3 and the cathode of the fourth diode DA4 are respectively coupled to node A, the anode of the fifth diode DA5 and the cathode of the sixth diode DA6 are respectively coupled to the midpoint P, the cathode of the third diode DA3, the cathode of the fifth diode DA5, and the first pole of the first sub-switch QA1 are respectively coupled to the anode of the first diode DA1, and the anode of the fourth diode DA4, the anode of the sixth diode DA6, and the second pole of the first sub-switch QA1 are respectively coupled to the cathode of the second diode DA2.

[0081] In a possible implementation, please refer to Figure 6 , the mode switching module 2123 may include a first switch K1 and a second switch K2. The first end of the second-phase branch is coupled to the neutral line N through the first switch K1, and the first end of the third-phase branch is coupled to the neutral line N through the second switch K2. The control module 211 can control the conduction / breaking of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 in the mode switching module 2123.

[0082] The first switch K1 is in the open state, and the second switch K2 is in the open state, so that there is an open circuit between the first end of the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line N, and there is an open circuit between the first end of the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line N. Each phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 can form a charging circuit with the bus capacitor module 2122, enabling the power factor correction module 2121 to rectify three-phase alternating current.

[0083] When the first end of the first-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, the first switch K1 is in the open state, and the second switch K2 is in the conducting state, so that there is a connection between the first end of the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line N, and there is an open circuit between the first end of the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line N. At this time, a charging circuit is formed between the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line, enabling the power factor correction module 2121 to rectify single-phase alternating current, and the voltage and current ripples at the midpoint P of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are small.

[0084] When the first end of the third-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, the first switch K1 is in the conducting state, and the second switch K2 is in the open state, so that there is a connection between the first end of the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line N, and there is an open circuit between the first end of the third-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line N. At this time, a charging circuit is formed between the second-phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 and the neutral line, enabling the power factor correction module 2121 to rectify single-phase alternating current, and the voltage and current ripples at the midpoint P of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are small.

[0085] In a possible implementation, as Figure 4 shown, the OBC 21 provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include an input switching module 2125. The input switching module 2125 can receive three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current and provide it to the power factor correction module 2121. In a possible design, please refer to Figure 6, the input switching module 2125 may include multiple input terminals for accessing an AC power supply, denoted as the first-phase input terminal MA, the second-phase input terminal MB, and the third-phase input terminal MC respectively. When the AC power supply is a three-phase AC power supply, the first-phase input terminal MA, the second-phase input terminal MB, and the third-phase input terminal MC can be used to receive the corresponding phase of alternating current respectively. When the target AC power supply is a single-phase AC power supply, any one of the first-phase input terminal MA, the second-phase input terminal MB, and the third-phase input terminal MC can be used to receive the single-phase alternating current.

[0086] The input switching module 2125 can be respectively coupled to the first-phase input terminal MA, the second-phase input terminal MB, and the third-phase input terminal MC, and can receive the alternating current provided by the first-phase input terminal MA, the second-phase input terminal MB, and the third-phase input terminal MC under the control of the control module 211, such as three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current. In the three-phase alternating current charging mode, the control module 211 can control the input switching module 2125 to receive three-phase alternating current and provide the three-phase alternating current to each phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 respectively. In the single-phase alternating current charging mode, the control module 211 can control the input switching module 2125 to receive single-phase alternating current and provide the single-phase alternating current to any one phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121.

[0087] In a possible design, if the OBC 21 operates in the single-phase alternating current charging mode, the input switching module 2125 can provide the single-phase alternating current received by any one of the first-phase input M1, the second-phase input terminal M2, and the third-phase input terminal M3 to the power factor correction module 2121. In some examples, as Figure 6 shown, the input switching module 2125 may include a third switch K3, a fourth switch K4, and a fifth switch K5. Among them, the first-phase input terminal MA is coupled to the first end PA of the first-phase branch through the third switch K3. The second-phase input terminal MB is coupled to the first end PB of the second-phase branch through the fourth switch K4. The third-phase input terminal MC is coupled to the first end PC of the third-phase branch through the fifth switch K5.

[0088] The control module 211 can control the third switch K3 to be in the conducting state, so that the alternating current received by the first-phase input terminal MA can be transmitted to the first-phase branch; the control module 211 can also control the third switch K3 to be in the open state, so that the first-phase input terminal MA is open-circuited from the first-phase branch. Similarly, the control module 211 can control the fourth switch K4 to be in the conducting state, so that the alternating current received by the second-phase input terminal MB can be transmitted to the second-phase branch; the control module 211 can also control the fourth switch K4 to be in the open state, so that the second-phase input terminal MB is open-circuited from the second-phase branch. The control module 211 can control the fifth switch K5 to be in the conducting state, so that the alternating current received by the third-phase input terminal MC can be transmitted to the third-phase branch; the control module 211 can also control the fifth switch K5 to be in the open state, so that the third-phase input terminal MC is open-circuited from the third-phase branch.

[0089] As can be seen from the above introduction, when any one of the phase input terminals of the OBC21 provided in the embodiment of the present application receives single-phase alternating current, the power factor correction module 2121 can rectify the single-phase alternating current to implement the single-phase alternating current charging mode.

[0090] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 6 shown, in the single-phase alternating current charging mode, to improve the charging power of the bus capacitor module 2122, the input switching module 2125 may further include a sixth switch K6, and the sixth switch K6 may be disposed between the first-phase input terminal MA and the first end PB of the second-phase branch. When the first-phase input terminal MA receives single-phase alternating current, when the control module 211 controls the sixth switch K6 to be in the conducting state, the single-phase alternating current at the first input terminal MA can be transmitted to the first-phase branch and the second-phase branch. Or, when the second-phase input terminal MB receives single-phase alternating current, when the control module 211 controls the sixth switch K6 to be in the conducting state, the single-phase alternating current at the second input terminal MB can be transmitted to the first-phase branch and the second-phase branch.

[0091] The following introduces the OBC21's support for the single-phase alternating current charging mode, that is, introduces the working process of the power factor correction module 2121 in the single-phase alternating current charging mode.

[0092] When the first-phase input terminal MA receives single-phase alternating current, the control module 211 can control the second switch K2, the third switch K3, and the sixth switch K6 to be in the conducting state, so that the single-phase alternating current can be transmitted to the first-phase branch and the second-phase branch.

[0093] Figures 8a to 8d The working schematic diagrams in each mode when the first-phase input terminal MA of the OBC21 provided in the present application receives single-phase alternating current are respectively exemplarily shown.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 8a , in the state of common-mode mode 1, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first-phase branch, the bidirectional switch SB in the second-phase branch, and the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to be in the conducting state, so that the first-phase input terminal MA, the inductor LA, the bidirectional switch SA, the bidirectional switch SC, the inductor LC, and the neutral line N form a first loop to charge the inductor LA and the inductor LC; and the first-phase input terminal MA, the inductor LB, the bidirectional switch SB, the bidirectional switch SC, the inductor LC, and the neutral line N form a first loop to charge the inductor LB and the inductor LC.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 8b , in the state of common-mode mode 2, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first-phase branch and the switch SB in the second-phase branch to be in the off state, and the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to remain in the conducting state, so that the first-phase input terminal MA, the inductor LA, the first diode DA1, the first capacitor C1, the bidirectional switch SC, the inductor LC, and the neutral line N form a first loop to realize that single-phase alternating current, the inductor LA, and the inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 together; and the first-phase input terminal MA, the inductor LB, the first diode DB1, the first capacitor C1, the bidirectional switch SC, the inductor LC, and the neutral line N form a second loop to realize that single-phase alternating current, the inductor LB, and the inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 8c , in the state of common-mode mode 3, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first-phase branch, the bidirectional switch SB in the second-phase branch, and the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to be in the open state, so that the first-phase input terminal MA, the inductor LA, the first diode DA1, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the second diode DC2, the inductor LC, and the neutral line N form a first loop to realize that single-phase alternating current, the inductor LA, and the inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together; the first-phase input terminal MA, the inductor LB, the first diode DB1, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the second diode DC2, the inductor LC, and the neutral line N form a second loop to realize that single-phase alternating current, the inductor LB, and the inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 8d, in the state of common - mode mode 4, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first - phase branch and the switch SB in the second - phase branch to be in the on state, and the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SC in the third - phase branch to remain in the off state, so that the first - phase input terminal MA, inductor LA, bidirectional switch SA, second capacitor C2, second diode DC2, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop, realizing that single - phase alternating current, inductor LA, and inductor LC charge the second capacitor C2 together; and making the first - phase input terminal MA, inductor LB, switch SB, second capacitor C2, second diode DC2, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop, realizing that single - phase alternating current, inductor LB, and inductor LC charge the second capacitor C2 together. Thus, the power - factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single - phase alternating current.

[0098] When a single - phase alternating current is received at the second - phase input terminal MB, the control module 211 can control the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, and the sixth switch K6 to be in the on state, so that the single - phase alternating current can be transmitted to the first - phase branch and the second - phase branch.

[0099] Figures 9a to 9d Schematic diagrams of the operation of each mode in the OBC21 provided by the present application when a single - phase alternating current is received at the second - phase input terminal MB are respectively shown exemplarily.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 9a , in the state of common - mode mode 1, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first - phase branch, the bidirectional switch SB in the second - phase branch, and the bidirectional switch SC in the third - phase branch to be in the on state, so that the second - phase input terminal MB, inductor LA, bidirectional switch SA, bidirectional switch SC, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop to charge the inductor LA and inductor LC; and making the second - phase input terminal MB, inductor LB, bidirectional switch SB, bidirectional switch SC, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop to charge the inductor LB and inductor LC.

[0101] Please refer to Figure 9b, in the state of common-mode mode 2, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first-phase branch and the switch SB in the second-phase branch to be in the off state, and the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to remain in the on state, so that the second-phase input terminal MB, inductor LA, first diode DA1, first capacitor C1, bidirectional switch SC, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop, realizing that single-phase alternating current, inductor LA, and inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 together; and making the second-phase input terminal MB, inductor LB, first diode DB1, first capacitor C1, bidirectional switch SC, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a second loop, realizing that single-phase alternating current, inductor LB, and inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 9c , in the state of common-mode mode 3, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first-phase branch, the bidirectional switch SB in the second-phase branch, and the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to be in the open state, so that the second-phase input terminal MB, inductor LA, first diode DA1, first capacitor C1, second capacitor C2, second diode DC2, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop, realizing that single-phase alternating current, inductor LA, and inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together; making the second-phase input terminal MB, inductor LB, first diode DB1, first capacitor C1, second capacitor C2, second diode DC2, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a second loop, realizing that single-phase alternating current, inductor LB, and inductor LC charge the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 9d , in the state of common-mode mode 4, the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SA in the first-phase branch and the switch SB in the second-phase branch to be in the on state, and the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to remain in the off state, so that the second-phase input terminal MB, inductor LA, bidirectional switch SA, second capacitor C2, second diode DC2, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop, realizing that single-phase alternating current, inductor LA, and inductor LC charge the second capacitor C2 together; making the second-phase input terminal MB, inductor LB, bidirectional switch SB, second capacitor C2, second diode DC2, inductor LC, and neutral line N form a first loop, realizing that single-phase alternating current, inductor LB, and inductor LC charge the second capacitor C2 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0104] When single-phase alternating current is received at the third-phase input terminal MC, the control module 211 can control both the first switch K1 and the fifth switch K5 to be in the conducting state, so that the single-phase alternating current can be transmitted to the third-phase branch.

[0105] Figures 10a to 10d Schematic diagrams of the operation of each mode in the OBC21 provided by the present application when single-phase alternating current is received at the third-phase input terminal MC are respectively exemplarily shown.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 10a , in the state of common-mode mode 1, the control module 211 can control both the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch and the bidirectional switch SB in the second-phase branch to be in the conducting state, so that a loop is formed among the third-phase input terminal MC, the inductor LC, the bidirectional switch SC, the bidirectional switch SB, the inductor LB, and the neutral line N, and the inductors LB and LC are charged.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 10b , in the state of common-mode mode 2, the control module 211 can control the switch SB in the second-phase branch to be in the off state, and the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to remain in the conducting state, so that a loop is formed among the third-phase input terminal MC, the inductor LC, the bidirectional switch SC, the first capacitor C1, the first diode DB1, the inductor LB, and the neutral line N, realizing that the single-phase alternating current, the inductor LC, and the inductor LB charge the first capacitor C1 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 10c , in the state of common-mode mode 3, the control module 211 can control both the bidirectional switch SB in the second-phase branch and the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to be in the open state, so that a loop is formed among the third-phase input terminal MC, the inductor LC, the second diode DC2, the second capacitor C2, the first capacitor C1, the first diode DB1, the inductor LB, and the neutral line N, realizing that the single-phase alternating current, the inductor LC, and the inductor LB charge the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 10d , in the state of common-mode mode 4, the control module 211 can control the switch SB in the second-phase branch to be in the conducting state, and the control module 211 can control the bidirectional switch SC in the third-phase branch to remain in the off state, so that a loop is formed among the third-phase input terminal MC, the inductor LC, the second diode DC2, the second capacitor C2, the bidirectional switch SB, the inductor LB, and the neutral line N, realizing that the single-phase alternating current, the inductor LC, and the inductor LB charge the second capacitor C2 together. Thus, the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the single-phase alternating current.

[0110] As can be seen from the above introduction, in the single-phase AC charging mode, multiple-phase branches work simultaneously to increase the charging speed or charging efficiency of the OBC21 in the single-phase AC charging mode.

[0111] Based on the OBC21 provided in any of the above embodiments, the control module 211 can have the ability to detect voltage or current, and can detect whether the alternating current input to the OBC21 is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current. For example, the control module 211 can detect the voltage or current at the first-phase input terminal MA, the second-phase input terminal MB, and the third-phase input terminal MC respectively. The control module 211 can determine whether the alternating current input to the OBC21 is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current according to the voltage or current at the first-phase input terminal MA, the voltage or current at the second-phase input terminal MB, and the voltage or current at the third-phase input terminal MC.

[0112] In a possible case, the control module 211 can determine that the alternating current input to the OBC21 is three-phase alternating current, and control the mode switching module 2123 according to the three-phase alternating current charging mode, so that the mode switching module 2123 disconnects any phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 from the neutral line, and can control the input switching module 2125 to respectively supply the received three-phase alternating current to each phase branch in the power factor correction module 2121, and can control each phase branch in the power factor correction module 2121, so that the power factor correction module 2121 rectifies the three-phase alternating current.

[0113] In another possible case, the control module 211 can determine that the alternating current input to the OBC21 is single-phase alternating current, and control the mode switching module 2123 according to the single-phase alternating current charging mode, so that the mode switching module 2123 connects a phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 that does not access the single-phase alternating current to the neutral line N, and can control the input switching module 2125 to supply the received single-phase alternating current to a phase branch in the power factor correction module 2121, and can control the power factor correction module 2121 to implement the working process of the power factor correction module 2121 provided in any of the above embodiments in the single-phase alternating current charging mode, which will not be elaborated here.

[0114] Based on the introduction of the above embodiments, it can be seen that the power factor correction module 2121 in the OBC 21 provided by the embodiments of the present application can adopt the Vienna topology. Each phase branch of the power factor correction module 2121 uses low-power transistors, making the OBC 21 have a lower cost. The OBC 21 can support the three-phase alternating current charging mode and also the single-phase alternating current charging mode. When the OBC 21 supports the single-phase alternating current charging mode, there is an open circuit between the midpoint P of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 of the bus capacitor module 2122 and the third terminal of the power factor correction circuit 2121. The voltage and current ripples at the midpoint P are relatively low, and it is not necessary for the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 to have a large capacitance, further reducing the cost of the OBC 21.

[0115] In some possible implementation manners, the OBC 21 may further include an electromagnetic compatibility module 2126. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) generally refers to the ability of the OBC to operate in compliance with requirements in its electromagnetic environment and not generate intolerable electromagnetic interference to any device in its environment. The electromagnetic compatibility module 2126 can be used to filter the alternating current input to the power factor correction module 2121.

[0116] Based on the same technical concept, the embodiments of the present application further provide a vehicle, which includes a battery and the OBC 21 provided in any of the above embodiments. The OBC 21 can charge the battery in the vehicle. Exemplarily, the vehicle can be a new energy vehicle, an Internet-connected vehicle, an intelligent vehicle, etc.

[0117] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides a charging method. Figure 11 According to an exemplary embodiment, a charging method is shown. The control module 211 can execute some or all of the steps of this charging method. The charging method may include the following steps:

[0118] Step S101, the control module 211 detects the alternating current received by the charger.

[0119] The control module 211 can detect the current or voltage at each input terminal of the input switching module 2125 to determine whether the alternating current received by the charger is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current.

[0120] Step S102, the control module 211 determines whether the received alternating current is three-phase alternating current. If so, step S103 is executed next. If not, step S104 is executed next.

[0121] If the control module 211 determines that the alternating current received by the charger is three-phase alternating current, it can control the charger to charge the battery using the three-phase alternating current, that is, make the charger work in the three-phase alternating current mode, and the next step can execute step S103. If it is determined that the alternating current received by the charger is single-phase alternating current, the charger can use the single-phase alternating current to charge the battery, that is, make the charger work in the single-phase alternating current mode, and the next step can execute step 104.

[0122] Step S103, the control module 211 controls the mode switching module 2123 to disconnect the first ends of the second-phase branch and the third-phase branch from the neutral line respectively.

[0123] The control module 211 can control the mode switching module 2123 to disconnect the first ends of the second-phase branch and the third-phase branch from the neutral line respectively, which can form a charging circuit for the power factor correction module 2121, the positive bus, the bus capacitor module 2122, and the negative bus.

[0124] The control module 211 can also control the power factor correction module 2121 to rectify the three-phase alternating current.

[0125] Step S104, the control module 211 determines whether the first end of the first-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current. If so, the next step is to execute step S105. If not, it means that the first end of the third-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current, and the next step is to execute step S106.

[0126] Step S105, the control module 211 controls the mode switching module 2123 to conduct the first end of the third-phase branch to the neutral line N.

[0127] Step S106, the control module 211 controls the mode switching module 2123 to conduct the first end of the second-phase branch to the neutral line.

[0128] The control module 211 can control the mode switching module 2123 to conduct the first end of the third-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch to the neutral line, so that the power factor correction module 2121, the positive bus, the bus capacitor module 2122, the negative bus, and the neutral line form a charging circuit to charge the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 together. At this time, the voltage and current ripples at the midpoint P of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are small, improving the charging quality of the OBC21 when using single-phase alternating current to charge the battery.

[0129] The control module 211 can also control the power factor correction module 2121 to rectify the single-phase alternating current.

[0130] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that the computer can access or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0131] The embodiments of the present application also provide a readable storage medium for storing the methods or algorithms provided in the above embodiments. For example, random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read only memory (ROM), EPROM memory, non-volatile read only memory (Electronic Programmable ROM, EPROM), registers, hard disks, removable disks, or any other form of storage medium in the art.

[0132] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embedded in the OBC. The OBC can include a RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, registers, hard disks, removable disks, or any other form of storage medium in the art for storing the steps of the methods or algorithms provided in the embodiments of the present application. Exemplarily, the storage medium can be connected to the control module or processor (or controller) in the OBC so that the control module, processor (or controller) can read information from the storage medium and can write information to the storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium can also be integrated into the control module, processor (or controller).

[0133] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process Figure 1 in one process or multiple processes and / or blocks Figure 1 steps for the functions specified in one block or multiple blocks.

[0134] Although the present application has been described in connection with specific features and their embodiments, it will be apparent that various modifications and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application.

[0135] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A charger, characterized in that, The charger is used to receive alternating current and charge a power battery. The charger includes a power factor correction module, a first-phase input terminal, a second-phase input terminal, a third-phase input terminal, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, and a sixth switch; where: The power factor correction module is used to convert the alternating current into direct current. The power factor correction module includes a three-phase branch, and the three-phase branch includes a first-phase branch, a second-phase branch, and a third-phase branch; The first-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the first-phase branch through the third switch; The second-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the second-phase branch through the fourth switch; The third-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the third-phase branch through the fifth switch; The first-phase input terminal is coupled to the first end of the second-phase branch through the sixth switch; The first end of the second-phase branch is coupled to the neutral line through the first switch; The first end of the third-phase branch is coupled to the neutral line through the second switch; The second switch, the third switch, and the sixth switch are turned on, and the first switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are turned off. The first-phase input terminal receives single-phase alternating current; The second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the sixth switch are turned on, and the first switch and the fifth switch are turned off. The second-phase input terminal receives the single-phase alternating current; The first switch and the fifth switch are turned on, and the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the sixth switch are turned off. The third-phase receiving terminal receives the single-phase alternating current.

2. The charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first switch and the second switch are turned off, and the alternating current is three-phase alternating current; The first switch is turned off and the second switch is turned on. The first end of the first-phase branch or the first end of the second-phase branch receives single-phase alternating current; The first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off. The first end of the third-phase branch receives the single-phase alternating current.

3. The charger according to claim 1, wherein The first switch and the second switch are turned off, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are turned on, and the first-phase input terminal, the second-phase input terminal, and the third-phase input terminal are used to receive three-phase alternating current.

4. The charger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The charger further includes a bus capacitor module. The bus capacitor module is used to receive the direct current output by the power factor correction module. The bus capacitor module includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor; where, The first pole of the first capacitor is coupled to the first pole of the second capacitor; The second pole of the first capacitor is coupled to the negative bus, and the second pole of the second capacitor is coupled to the positive bus.

5. The charger according to claim 4, wherein The first end of the power factor correction module is coupled to the positive bus, the second end of the power factor correction module is coupled to the negative bus, and the third end of the power factor correction module is coupled to the first pole of the first capacitor and the first pole of the second capacitor.

6. The charger according to claim 5, characterized in that, An inductor, a first sub-switch, and a second sub-switch connected in series are provided between the first end of each phase branch of the three-phase branch and the third end of the power factor correction module; One end of the inductor of each phase branch is coupled to the first end of each phase branch, and the other end of the inductor of each phase branch is coupled to the first end of the power factor correction module through a first diode and to the second end of the power factor correction module through a second diode.

7. The charger according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the alternating current is three-phase alternating current: The first end of the power factor correction module, the first capacitor, and the third end of the power factor correction module form a first charging circuit to charge the first capacitor. The second end of the power factor correction module, the second capacitor, and the third end of the power factor correction module can form a second charging circuit to charge the second capacitor.

8. The charger according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the alternating current is single-phase alternating current: A charging circuit is formed among the first end of the power factor correction module, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the second end of the power factor correction module to charge the first capacitor and the second capacitor.

9. The charger according to claim 6, characterized in that, When any one of the three-phase branches is used to receive the single-phase alternating current, the power factor correction module is configured to: First charge the inductors corresponding to the two-phase branches that do not receive the single-phase alternating current, and then rectify the single-phase alternating current.

10. The charger according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-9, characterized in that, The charger further includes a DC-DC module, and the DC-DC module is configured to step up or step down the DC electrical energy obtained from the bus capacitor module. The DC-DC module includes a primary circuit, a transformer, and a secondary circuit. The primary circuit is configured to supply power to the transformer, and the secondary circuit is configured to receive the power supplied by the transformer and output first DC electrical energy to the power battery.

11. The charger according to claim 10, characterized in that, The DC-DC module further includes another secondary circuit, and the another secondary circuit is configured to receive the power supplied by the transformer and output second DC electrical energy to the low-voltage load.

12. The charger according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-9, and 11, characterized in that, The three-phase branch and the bus capacitor module are configured to form a Vienna topology.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a battery and a charger as described in any one of claims 1-12. The charger is configured to perform power conversion on the received alternating current and supply power to the battery, where the alternating current is three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current.

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