Aluminum alloy welding fixture and aluminum alloy super-long weld welding process

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum alloy welding tool and an aluminum alloy super-long weld seam welding process. The aluminum alloy welding tool comprises a base and a first supporting assembly, a second supporting assembly, a first profiling positioning piece, a second profiling positioning piece, a side pressing assembly, a head pressing assembly, a tail pressing assembly and a profiling pressing assembly which are installed on the base; the first supporting assembly is used for supporting a first aluminum alloy part; the second supporting assembly is used for supporting a second aluminum alloy part; the first profiling positioning piece and the profiling pressing assembly are used for limiting the movement of the first aluminum alloy part; the second profiling positioning piece is used for limiting the movement of the second aluminum alloy part; the head pressing assembly and the tail pressing assembly are used for pressing the first aluminum alloy part; and the side pressing assembly is used for pressing the second aluminum alloy part. The application can make the heat generated in the super-long weld seam welding process quickly transfer out, thereby effectively reducing the welding deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to an aluminum alloy welding fixture and a welding process for ultra-long aluminum alloy welds. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys possess high specific strength, high plasticity, good corrosion resistance, excellent machinability, and high recyclability, making them widely used in the production of transportation products such as aerospace, shipbuilding, automobiles, and rail vehicles. The fabrication of aluminum alloy structural components typically employs welding. Due to the high coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminum alloys, the deformation of aluminum alloy parts is significant during welding, especially arc welding. Therefore, traditional aluminum alloy welding processes usually utilize point-contact tooling to reduce the contact area between the tooling and the workpiece. Surface contact, on the other hand, causes the tooling to rapidly dissipate heat from the workpiece, accelerating the solidification of the molten pool and hindering the elimination of weld porosity.

[0003] However, for aluminum alloy parts with particularly long welds, such as those exceeding 1000mm and thicker, if point-contact welding fixtures are used, the heat generated during welding cannot be dissipated in time. The accumulation of heat will cause the parts to deform, resulting in uneven surfaces and defects such as dimensional changes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides an aluminum alloy welding fixture and a welding process for ultra-long aluminum alloy welds.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] An aluminum alloy welding fixture includes a base and a first support assembly, a second support assembly, a first contour positioning component, a second contour positioning component, a side clamping assembly, a head clamping assembly, a tail clamping assembly, and a contour clamping assembly mounted on the base.

[0007] The first support assembly has a first support surface, which is used to position and support the first aluminum alloy part; the second support assembly has a second support surface, which is used to position and support the second aluminum alloy part and make the bottom surface of the second aluminum alloy part completely fit against the second support surface; the second aluminum alloy part is flat and horizontally surrounds the first aluminum alloy part, and is connected to the first aluminum alloy part by an ultra-long annular weld.

[0008] The first contouring positioning component has a first contouring surface that contours to the head of the first aluminum alloy part, and the contouring clamping assembly has a contouring block that is pushed and moved by the contouring clamping cylinder. The contouring block has a second contouring surface that contours to the tail of the first aluminum alloy part. The contouring block and the first contouring positioning component are arranged coaxially. The contouring clamping assembly and the first contouring positioning component cooperate to limit the movement of the first aluminum alloy part in the plane.

[0009] The second contour positioning component has a third contouring surface that contours to the head of the second aluminum alloy part. The center lines of the second contour positioning component and the first contour positioning component are located on the same vertical plane. The second contour positioning component and the first aluminum alloy part cooperate to limit the movement of the second aluminum alloy part in the plane.

[0010] The head clamping assembly and the tail clamping assembly work together to clamp and adhere the first aluminum alloy part to the first support surface;

[0011] The side clamping assembly is used to clamp and adhere the second aluminum alloy part to the second support surface; the side clamping assembly is provided with several clamping plates that are similar in shape to the second aluminum alloy part, and the clamping plates, the first support surface and the second support surface are all made of a material with a thermal conductivity greater than that of aluminum alloy.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a third support assembly, which includes four sliding components mounted on the front, rear, left and right sides of the upper side of the base. The sliding components include a slide rail, a slide plate, a sliding cylinder that drives the slide plate to move along the slide rail, and second positioning blocks fixed on the slide plate. The upper sides of all the second positioning blocks form a first support surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the first support component includes several first positioning blocks fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and the upper side of all the first positioning blocks forms a first support surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the second support component includes a first support plate and a second support plate, the upper sides of the first support plate and the second support plate forming a second support surface; the inner sides of the first support plate and the second support plate are respectively configured as a first arc-shaped surface and a second arc-shaped surface that conform to the left and right sides of the first aluminum alloy part.

[0015] Furthermore, several side clamping assemblies are provided, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first and second aluminum alloy parts. Each side clamping assembly includes a side clamping angle seat, a side clamping arm, a side clamping cylinder, and a clamping plate. The clamping plate is fixed to one end of the side clamping arm, and the other end of the side clamping arm is rotatably mounted on the side clamping angle seat and driven to rotate and press down by the side clamping cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, the head clamping assembly includes a head clamping angle seat, a head clamping arm, a head clamping cylinder, and a head clamping plate. The head clamping plate is fixed to one end of the head clamping arm, and the other end of the head clamping arm is rotatably mounted on the head clamping angle seat and driven to rotate and press down by the head clamping cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, the tail clamping assembly includes a tail clamping angle seat, a tail clamping arm, a tail clamping cylinder, and a tail clamping block. The tail clamping block is fixed to one end of the tail clamping arm, and the other end of the tail clamping arm is rotatably mounted on the tail clamping angle seat and driven to rotate and press down by the tail clamping cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the base includes legs and a seat body. The seat body consists of a bottom plate, a top plate, and four side plates. The cavity formed by the bottom plate, top plate, and four side plates is used to place signal lines and cables. There are lifting rings at the four corners of the seat body. The sides of the seat body are equipped with an electrical box, a valve box, and a control panel. The top plate of the seat body is equipped with mounting holes and cable passage holes.

[0019] A welding process for ultra-long aluminum alloy welds, using any of the above-mentioned aluminum alloy welding fixtures, specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] (1) Place the first aluminum alloy part on the base and let its bottom surface support the first support assembly, with its head abutting against the first contouring surface of the first contouring positioning part;

[0021] (2) The second aluminum alloy part is fitted onto the first aluminum alloy part, and its bottom surface is supported on the second support assembly, and its head abuts against the third contour surface of the second contour positioning part; an ultra-long circumferential weld is formed between the second aluminum alloy part and the first aluminum alloy part.

[0022] (3) Start the contouring clamping cylinder, the contouring block extends forward and pushes the first aluminum alloy part so that its head presses against the first arc surface and its tail presses against the second contouring surface of the contouring block;

[0023] (4) Start the side clamping cylinder of the side clamping assembly. The clamping plate is driven by the side clamping cylinder to rotate and press down, pressing the second aluminum alloy part onto the second support surface.

[0024] (5) Start the head pressing cylinder and tail pressing cylinder of the head pressing assembly and tail pressing assembly respectively. The head pressing plate of the head pressing assembly and the tail pressing block of the tail pressing assembly are driven to rotate and press down by the head pressing cylinder and tail pressing cylinder respectively, pressing the first aluminum alloy part onto the first support surface.

[0025] (6) Welding begins on the extra-long circumferential weld between the first aluminum alloy part and the second aluminum alloy part.

[0026] Furthermore, when an ultra-long annular weld seam is formed between the second aluminum alloy part and the first aluminum alloy part and opens at the tail, a three-segment welding method is adopted. The first segment weld seam starts from one side of the tail of the part, the second segment weld seam starts from the other side of the tail of the part, and the third segment weld seam connects the first segment weld seam and the second segment weld seam.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] 1. By using a support plate and several clamping plates made of a material with excellent thermal conductivity, the support plate and clamping plates fit together to clamp the aluminum alloy parts, which can quickly transfer the heat generated during the welding process, thereby effectively reducing welding deformation. At the same time, because the welding heat of ultra-long welds is large, the aluminum alloy parts are not cooled down too quickly, thus affecting the performance of the parts.

[0029] 2. By using a first contour positioning component, a second contour positioning component, and a contour block arranged coaxially to clamp the aluminum alloy parts, the aluminum alloy parts can be automatically guided and centered during clamping, ensuring that the positioning and clamping of the aluminum alloy parts will not deviate and affect the welding quality.

[0030] 3. Conventional welding processes follow the welding trajectory from the starting point to the end point. When the entire weld is a semi-closed annular structure (closed at the head and open at the tail), welding stress during single-sided welding pulls the parts towards the side that was welded first, resulting in excessive gaps between the unwelded parts on the other side. This leads to various welding defects when welding the other side, such as flux flowing along the gap to the back of the weld, weld collapse, porosity, inconsistent weld size, undercut, and dimensional defects in the parts. This invention, by employing a three-stage welding method, effectively avoids these welding defects and improves welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the aluminum alloy structural component in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 2 This is the assembly drawing of the aluminum alloy welding fixture of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The exploded diagram.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the base of an aluminum alloy welding fixture.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the third support component of the aluminum alloy welding fixture.

[0036] Figure 6 The first support plate structure diagram is shown for the second support component of the aluminum alloy welding fixture.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the second support plate of the second support component for aluminum alloy welding fixtures.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the contour clamping assembly for aluminum alloy welding fixtures.

[0039] Figure 9This is a structural diagram of the side clamping assembly for aluminum alloy welding fixtures.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the head clamping assembly for aluminum alloy welding fixtures.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the tail clamping assembly of an aluminum alloy welding fixture. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and a preferred embodiment.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment provides an aluminum alloy welding fixture for welding aluminum alloy structural parts 10.

[0045] See Figure 1 The aluminum alloy structural component 10 is an axisymmetric part, consisting of a base plate, a connecting plate 12, and a baffle plate 11. The base plate and connecting plate 12 form the first aluminum alloy part, and the baffle plate 11 forms the second aluminum alloy part. The connecting plate 12 is a vertical aluminum alloy plate, forming a racket-shaped cavity with a large head and a small tail. The bottom of the cavity is closed by the base plate, and two reinforcing ribs are provided inside the cavity. The baffle plate 11 is a 6mm thick aluminum alloy flat plate, horizontally surrounding the connecting plate 12, forming an ultra-long semi-closed annular weld with a length of 1080mm and a height of 6mm, closed at the head and open at the tail.

[0046] See Figures 2-3 The aluminum alloy welding fixture includes a base 6 and a first support assembly, a second support assembly, a third support assembly, a first contour positioning component 41, a second contour positioning component 42, a side clamping assembly, a head clamping assembly 51, a tail clamping assembly 52, and a contour clamping assembly 8 mounted on the base 6.

[0047] See Figure 4 In this embodiment, the base 6 includes legs 64 and a seat 65. The legs 64 are located at the bottom of the seat 65 to support it. The seat 65 consists of a base plate, a top plate, and four side plates. The cavity formed by the base plate, top plate, and four side plates is used to place signal lines and cables. The top plate has mounting holes for installing the aforementioned components and cable guide holes for the control lines and cables of the components to pass through. Lifting rings 62 are located at the four corners of the seat. An electrical box 1 and a valve box 11 are located on one side of the seat, and a control panel 63 is located on the other side. The control lines and cables of the aforementioned components pass through the cable guide holes and connect to the electrical box 1 and the valve box 11 respectively. The valve box 11 is used to install the solenoid valves for the aforementioned components. The control panel 63 is used to control the start and stop of the aforementioned components.

[0048] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 At the front end of the top plate of the base 6, i.e. the head of the aluminum alloy structural component 10, a first contour positioning component 41 and a second contour positioning component 42 are installed. The first contour positioning component 41 has a V-shaped first contour surface that contours to the head of the connecting plate 12, and the second contour positioning component 42 has an arc-shaped third contour surface that contours to the head of the baffle plate 11. The second contour positioning component 42 is located above the first contour positioning component 41, and when viewed from above, the axes of the second contour surface and the third contour surface coincide.

[0049] A first support assembly and a third support assembly are installed at the center of the top plate of the base 6. The first support assembly includes six cylindrical positioning blocks 61 made of chromium zirconium copper. The six cylindrical positioning blocks 61 are evenly distributed in the bottom plate of the connecting plate 12, and the upper side of the six cylindrical positioning blocks 61 forms the first support surface.

[0050] See Figure 5 The third support assembly includes a head sliding assembly 21, a tail sliding assembly 22, a left sliding assembly 23, and a right sliding assembly 24. These four sliding assemblies are distributed around the first support assembly. The head sliding assembly 21 and tail sliding assembly 22 slide along the X-axis, while the left sliding assembly 23 and right sliding assembly 24 slide along the Y-axis. Taking the tail sliding assembly 22 as an example, each sliding assembly includes a slide rail 221, a slide plate 222, a sliding cylinder 223, and a cylindrical positioning block 224. The cylindrical positioning block 224 is fixed to the slide plate 222, and the slide plate 222 is driven by the sliding cylinder 223 to move the slide rail 221. Both the head sliding assembly 21 and tail sliding assembly 22 have a cylindrical positioning block 224, and the left sliding assembly 23 and right sliding assembly 24 have two cylindrical positioning blocks 224 each. All six cylindrical positioning blocks 224 are made of chromium zirconium copper, and their upper surfaces form the first support surface. In addition, the tail sliding assembly 22 is also equipped with a sensor 225 for detecting the position of the connecting plate 12.

[0051] The first and third support components are designed to improve the practicality of the tooling. For example, when welding aluminum alloy products with a height of 5 inches, the four sliding components slide inward, and the aluminum alloy parts are supported on the six cylindrical positioning blocks 224; when welding aluminum alloy products with a height of 10 inches, the four sliding components slide outward, and the aluminum alloy parts are supported on the six cylindrical positioning blocks 61.

[0052] See Figures 6-7A second support plate 72 is mounted above the left sliding assembly 23, and a first support plate 71 is mounted above the right sliding assembly 24. The first support plate 71 includes a plate body 711 made of chromium zirconium copper and two legs 713 for supporting the plate body 711. The inner side of the plate body 711 is configured as a first arc-shaped surface 714 that conforms to the left side of the connecting plate 12. The second support plate 72 includes a plate body 721 made of chromium zirconium copper and two legs 723 for supporting the plate body 721. The inner side of the plate body 72 is configured as a second arc-shaped surface 724 that conforms to the right side of the connecting plate 12. The first support plate 71 and the second support plate 724 form a second support assembly, and the first arc-shaped surface 714 and the second arc-shaped surface 724 are provided with an installation gap with the side of the connecting plate 12.

[0053] See Figure 2 and Figure 8 The contouring clamping assembly 8 includes a corner seat 83, a contouring clamping cylinder 82, and a contouring block 81. The contouring clamping cylinder 82 is mounted on the top plate of the corner seat 83. The cylinder piston rod extends horizontally to connect with the contouring block 81. It has a second contouring surface 811 that contours to the tail of the connecting plate 12. The contouring block 81 is coaxially arranged with the first contouring positioning member 41.

[0054] See Figure 2 and Figure 9 In this embodiment, there are eight side clamping components, namely, a first clamping component 31, a second clamping component 32, a third clamping component 33, a fourth clamping component 34, a fifth clamping component 35, a sixth clamping component 36, a seventh clamping component 37, and an eighth clamping component 38. The first clamping component 31 and the eighth clamping component 38 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base. The second clamping component 32 and the seventh clamping component 37 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base. The third clamping component 33 and the sixth clamping component 36 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base. The fourth clamping component 34 and the fifth clamping component 35 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base. Each side clamping component has a clamping plate that is similar in shape to the baffle plate 11. That is, the eight clamping plates are connected to form a shape similar to the baffle plate 11, so that the baffle plate 11 can be attached and supported on the eight clamping plates.

[0055] Taking the first clamping assembly 31 as an example, each side clamping assembly includes a side clamping angle seat 311, a side clamping arm 312, a side clamping cylinder 313, and a clamping plate 314. The clamping plate 314 is fixed to one end of the side clamping arm 312, and the other end of the side clamping arm 312 is rotatably mounted on the side clamping angle seat 311 and driven to rotate and press down by the side clamping cylinder 313. The clamping plate 314 is made of chromium zirconium copper, and the side clamping cylinder 313 is preferably a high-strength SMC flat cylinder.

[0056] See Figure 2 and Figure 10 The head clamping assembly 51 includes a head clamping angle seat 511, a head clamping arm 512, a head clamping cylinder 513, and a head clamping plate 514. The head clamping plate 514 is fork-shaped, and the head clamping arm 512 is L-shaped. The closed end of the head clamping plate 514 is fixed to the head clamping arm 512, and the other end of the head clamping arm 512 is rotatably mounted on the head clamping angle seat 511 and driven to rotate and press down by the head clamping cylinder 513. The fork-shaped head clamping plate 514 can press against the two reinforcing ribs of the connecting plate 12 to improve the clamping effect.

[0057] See Figure 2 and Figure 11 The tail clamping assembly 52 includes a tail clamping angle seat 521, a tail clamping arm 522, a tail clamping cylinder 523, and a tail clamping block 524. The tail clamping block 524 is fixed to one end of the tail clamping arm 522, and the other end of the tail clamping arm 522 is rotatably mounted on the tail clamping angle seat 521 and is driven to rotate and press down by the tail clamping cylinder 523. The tail clamping block 524 is convex in shape, which allows a larger area to press on the tail of the connecting plate 12, improving the clamping effect.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for welding aluminum alloy structural components 10 using the aluminum alloy welding fixture described in Embodiment 1, specifically including the following steps:

[0060] (1) Place the connecting plate 12 on the base 6 and let its bottom surface support the 6 cylindrical positioning blocks 61, with its head abutting against the first arc surface of the first contour positioning component 41.

[0061] (2) The water baffle 11 is fitted onto the connecting plate 12, and its bottom surface is supported on the first support plate 71 and the second support plate 72, with its head abutting against the second arc-shaped surface of the second contour positioning piece 42.

[0062] (3) Start the contour pressing cylinder 82, the contour block 81 extends forward and pushes the connecting plate 12 and the baffle plate 11. The head of the connecting plate 12 presses against the first arc surface, the tail presses against the second contour surface of the contour block, and the head of the baffle plate 11 presses against the third contour surface.

[0063] (4) Start the eight side clamping cylinders 33 of the eight side clamping components. The eight clamping plates 34 are driven by the side clamping cylinders to rotate and press down, pressing the baffle plate 11 and attaching it to the first support plate 71 and the second support plate 72.

[0064] (5) Start the head pressing cylinder 513 and tail pressing cylinder 523 of the head pressing assembly 51 and tail pressing assembly 52 respectively. The head pressing plate 514 and tail pressing block 524 are driven to rotate and press down by the head pressing cylinder 513 and tail pressing cylinder 523 respectively, pressing the connecting plate 12 onto the 6 cylindrical positioning blocks 61.

[0065] (6) The ultra-long semi-closed annular weld is welded using a three-segment welding method. The first segment weld is welded from one side of the tail of the part, the second segment weld is welded from the other side of the tail of the part, and the third segment weld connects the first segment weld and the second segment weld.

[0066] The lengths of the first and second weld sections can be determined based on the part's structural design, ensuring that the relative position of the part does not change due to welding stress, while also guaranteeing that the second weld section will hold the part in place and prevent any change in its relative position during welding.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy welding fixture, characterized in that, Includes a base (6) and a first support assembly, a second support assembly, a first contour positioning component (41), a second contour positioning component (42), a side clamping assembly, a head clamping assembly (51), a tail clamping assembly (52), and a contour clamping assembly (8) mounted on the base (6); The first support assembly has a first support surface, which is used to position and support the first aluminum alloy part; the second support assembly has a second support surface, which is used to position and support the second aluminum alloy part and make the bottom surface of the second aluminum alloy part completely fit against the second support surface; the second aluminum alloy part is flat and horizontally surrounds the first aluminum alloy part, and is connected to the first aluminum alloy part by an ultra-long annular weld. The first contouring positioning component (41) has a first contouring surface that contours to the head of the first aluminum alloy part. The contouring clamping assembly (8) has a contouring block (81) that is pushed by the contouring clamping cylinder (82). The contouring block (81) has a second contouring surface that contours to the tail of the first aluminum alloy part. The contouring block (81) and the first contouring positioning component (41) are arranged coaxially. The contouring clamping assembly (8) and the first contouring positioning component (41) cooperate to limit the movement of the first aluminum alloy part in the plane. The second contour positioning member (42) is provided with a third contouring surface that contours to the head of the second aluminum alloy part. The center lines of the second contour positioning member (42) and the first contour positioning member (41) are located on the same vertical plane. The second contour positioning member (42) cooperates with the second aluminum alloy part to limit the movement of the second aluminum alloy part in the plane. The head clamping assembly (51) and the tail clamping assembly (52) cooperate to clamp and adhere the first aluminum alloy part to the first support surface; The side clamping assembly is used to clamp and adhere the second aluminum alloy part to the second support surface; the side clamping assembly is provided with a plurality of clamping plates (314) that are similar in shape to the second aluminum alloy part, and the clamping plates (314), the first support surface and the second support surface are all made of a material with a thermal conductivity greater than that of aluminum alloy.

2. The aluminum alloy welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third support assembly, which includes four sliding components mounted on the front, rear, left and right sides of the upper side of the base (6). The sliding components include a slide rail, a slide plate, a sliding cylinder that drives the slide plate to move along the slide rail, and a second positioning block fixed on the slide plate. The upper sides of all the second positioning blocks form a first support surface.

3. An aluminum alloy welding fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first support component includes several first positioning blocks fixedly installed on the upper side of the base (6), and the upper side of all the first positioning blocks forms the first support surface.

4. The aluminum alloy welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second support component includes a first support plate and a second support plate, the upper sides of the first support plate and the second support plate forming a second support surface; the inner sides of the first support plate and the second support plate are respectively set as a first arc-shaped surface and a second arc-shaped surface that are similar to the left and right sides of the first aluminum alloy part.

5. The aluminum alloy welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several side clamping assemblies are provided, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first and second aluminum alloy parts. Each side clamping assembly includes a side clamping angle seat (311), a side clamping arm (312), a side clamping cylinder (313), and a clamping plate (314). The clamping plate (314) is fixed to one end of the side clamping arm (312), and the other end of the side clamping arm (312) is rotatably mounted on the side clamping angle seat (311) and driven to rotate and press down by the side clamping cylinder (313).

6. The aluminum alloy welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The head clamping assembly (51) includes a head clamping angle seat (511), a head clamping arm (512), a head clamping cylinder (513), and a head clamping plate (514). The head clamping plate (514) is fixed to one end of the head clamping arm (512), and the other end of the head clamping arm (512) is rotatably mounted on the head clamping angle seat (511) and driven to rotate and press down by the head clamping cylinder (513).

7. The aluminum alloy welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail clamping assembly (52) includes a tail clamping angle seat (521), a tail clamping arm (522), a tail clamping cylinder (523), and a tail clamping block (524). The tail clamping block (524) is fixed to one end of the tail clamping arm (522), and the other end of the tail clamping arm (522) is rotatably mounted on the tail clamping angle seat (521) and driven to rotate and press down by the tail clamping cylinder (523).

8. The aluminum alloy welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (6) includes legs and a seat body. The seat body consists of a bottom plate, a top plate and four side plates. The cavity formed by the bottom plate, top plate and four side plates is used to place signal lines and cables. There are lifting rings at the four corners of the seat body. The sides of the seat body are equipped with an electrical box, a valve box and a control panel. The top plate of the seat body is equipped with mounting holes and wire passage holes.

9. A welding process for ultra-long weld seams in aluminum alloys, characterized in that, The use of an aluminum alloy welding fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8 specifically includes the following steps: (1) Place the first aluminum alloy part on the base (6) and let its bottom surface support the first support assembly, with its head abutting against the first contour surface of the first contour positioning part (41); (2) The second aluminum alloy part is fitted onto the first aluminum alloy part, and its bottom surface is supported on the second support assembly, while its head abuts against the third contour surface of the second contour positioning part (42); an ultra-long circumferential weld is formed between the second aluminum alloy part and the first aluminum alloy part. (3) Start the contouring clamping cylinder (82), the contouring block (81) extends forward and pushes the first aluminum alloy part so that its head presses against the first arc surface and its tail presses against the second contouring surface of the contouring block; (4) Start the side clamping cylinder (313) of the side clamping assembly. The clamping plate (314) is driven by the side clamping cylinder (313) to rotate and press down, pressing the second aluminum alloy part onto the second support surface. (5) Start the head clamping cylinder (513) and tail clamping cylinder (523) of the head clamping assembly (51) and tail clamping assembly (52) respectively. The head clamping plate (514) of the head clamping assembly (51) and the tail clamping block (524) of the tail clamping assembly (52) are driven to rotate and press down by the head clamping cylinder (513) and tail clamping cylinder (523) respectively, pressing the first aluminum alloy part onto the first support surface. (6) Welding begins on the extra-long circumferential weld between the first aluminum alloy part and the second aluminum alloy part.

10. The welding process for ultra-long aluminum alloy welds according to claim 9, characterized in that, When an ultra-long annular weld seam is formed between the second aluminum alloy part and the first aluminum alloy part and opens at the tail, the welding is carried out in three sections. The first section of the weld seam starts from one side of the tail of the part, the second section of the weld seam starts from the other side of the tail of the part, and the third section of the weld seam connects the first section of the weld seam and the second section of the weld seam.

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