High-functionality composite macromolecular monomer and preparation method and application thereof
Through the preparation of high-functional composite macromonomers, the problem of increased viscosity and strong hydrogelability of polymer polyols at high solid content is solved, and the effect of reducing viscosity and improving stability and hydrophobicity is achieved. In polyurethane foaming material.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411035645.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-07-31
AI Technical Summary
The viscosity of existing polymer polyols increases significantly at high solid content and is highly hydrogel-free, making it difficult to maintain fluidity in a high moisture environment, affecting the foaming performance of polyurethane.
Through the preparation method of high-functional composite macromonomer, a starting agent is used to react with an epoxy compound and a hyperbranched polyester polyol to generate a polyether/polyester ether polyol with dendritic structure, and is then unsaturated isocyanate Introduce urethane bonds to enhance hydrophobicity, reduce viscosity and gelability.
It significantly reduces the viscosity and hydrogel phenomenon of polymer polyol, improves its stability and filtration performance in the polyurethane foaming system, and reduces the viscosity increase under the influence of moisture.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polymer polyols, and in particular to a high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Polyurethane soft foam materials are widely used in daily life fields such as carpets, furniture, and transportation. The polymer particles in polymer polyols (POPs) are filled in the polyurethane network structure, which can effectively improve the open porosity, hardness, and load-bearing capacity of polyurethane soft foams. However, with the increase of polymer particle content (i.e., the increase of solid content), the viscosity of POP increases significantly. The solid content of POP products currently on the market is less than 50%, and the viscosity is lower than 6000mPa·s. As the core part of polymer polyols, the amphiphilic structure of macromonomers can have good mutual solubility with the basic polyether polyols on the one hand, and can improve the dispersibility of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers in polyether media on the other hand. Therefore, the structure of macromonomers significantly affects the viscosity, storage stability, and hydrogel properties of polymer polyols. Chinese invention patent CN111732707B discloses a macromonomer stabilizer, a preparation method, and an application thereof, which introduces nitrogen heterocycles, and the dispersion force between the nitrogen heterocycles and the olefinic unsaturated monomers effectively enhances the stability of polymer polyols, and the prepared polymer polyols have the advantages of low viscosity and uniform particle distribution.
[0003] It is generally believed that high-functionality macromonomers can play a good dispersing effect in POP. It is a common method to use high-functionality polyether polyols to synthesize macromonomers to reduce the viscosity of POP. For example, Chinese invention patent CN112708124A discloses a preparation method and application of high-functionality polyether polyols, which uses epoxy alkylene alcohol and propylene oxide copolymerization to increase the functionality of polyether polyols, but epoxy alkylene alcohol is toxic and is subject to certain restrictions in actual production. In addition, water is added as a chemical foaming agent during the polymer foaming process, and the viscosity of the material is usually significantly increased after adding water. Chinese invention patent CN109796575B discloses a stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, a preparation method of a polymer polyol and its application, and uses several carbamate bonds in the stabilizer to reduce the hydrogel property of POP. The prepared polymer polyol still has good fluidity in a polyurethane foaming system with a high moisture content (moisture content above 3%). Therefore, structural design from the perspective of macromolecular monomers to reduce POP viscosity and hydrogel properties and improve its hydrophobicity has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a high-functionality composite macromonomer and a preparation method and application thereof, to improve the functionality of the macromonomer by means of the high functionality of the initiator, to further improve the dispersion effect of the macromonomer in the polymer polyol, thereby improving the stability of the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer particles in the polymer polyol and reducing the viscosity of the polymer polyol; and to increase the proportion of hydrophobic groups in the polymer polyol and reduce the occurrence of the hydrogel phenomenon by introducing a polyester system into the macromonomer structure.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-functionality composite macromonomer, comprising the following steps:
[0007] S1 reacts the initiator with the epoxy compound under the action of a catalyst to obtain a polyether polyol intermediate;
[0008] S2: the polyether polyol intermediate obtained in step S1 and the hyperbranched polyester polyol are used as composite initiators, and reacted with an epoxy compound under the action of a catalyst to generate a polyether / polyester ether polyol;
[0009] S3: reacting the polyether / polyester ether polyol obtained in step S2 with an unsaturated isocyanate under the action of a catalyst to generate a high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer.
[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the initiator is one or two of sucrose, solid sorbitol and liquid sorbitol; the catalyst is KOH; the number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol intermediate is 900-2000 g / mol, the mass ratio of the initiator to the epoxy compound is 1:(4-8.5), and the catalyst accounts for 0.2-0.55% of the total mass of the initiator, catalyst and epoxy compound.
[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the hyperbranched polyester polyol is Boltorn H311, with a functionality of 23; the catalyst is a DMC catalyst; the molar ratio of the polyether polyol intermediate to the hyperbranched polyester polyol is (0.6-4.5):1; the hydroxyl value of the polyether / polyester ether polyol is 28-58 mgKOH / g, and the functionality is 7-9; the mass ratio of the composite initiator to the epoxy compound is 1:(3.6-7.3); the catalyst accounts for 30-170 ppm of the total mass of the composite initiator, the catalyst and the epoxy compound.
[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the unsaturated isocyanate is 3-isopropyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate, 2-ethyl methylacrylate or ethyl isocyanate acrylate; the catalyst is bismuth neodecanoate; the reaction temperature is 70-90° C.; the molar ratio of the polyether / polyester ether polyol to the unsaturated isocyanate is (0.9-1.2):1; and the catalyst accounts for 50-100 ppm of the total mass of the polyether / polyester ether polyol, the unsaturated isocyanate and the catalyst.
[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the epoxy compound is propylene oxide, and the reaction temperature is 100-140°C; in step S2, the epoxy compound is propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, and the reaction temperature is 100-140°C.
[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a high-functionality composite macromonomer, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of the high-functionality composite macromonomer.
[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of a high-functionality composite macromonomer, wherein the high-functionality composite macromonomer is used to prepare a polymer polyol, specifically comprising the following steps:
[0016] (1) Under the action of a chain transfer agent and an initiator, the high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer are synthesized into a pre-reactant;
[0017] (2) Adding an initiator, a base polyether polyol and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer to the pre-reactant obtained in step (1) to react to obtain a polymer polyol.
[0018] Preferably, in step (1), the chain transfer agent is isopropanol.
[0019] Preferably, in steps (1) and (2), the initiator is dimethyl azobisisobutyrate; in step (1), the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are styrene and acrylonitrile, and styrene accounts for 50% of the mass of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers; in step (2), the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are styrene and acrylonitrile, and styrene accounts for 80% of the mass of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
[0020] Preferably, in step (1), the chain transfer agent accounts for 60% of the total mass of the chain transfer agent, the initiator, the high-functionality composite macromonomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the initiator accounts for 0.1% of the total mass of the chain transfer agent, the initiator, the high-functionality composite macromonomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the high-functionality composite macromonomer accounts for 24% of the total mass of the chain transfer agent, the initiator, the high-functionality composite macromonomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the ethylenically unsaturated monomer accounts for In step (2), the initiator accounts for 0.25% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the pre-reactant accounts for 12.5% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the base polyether polyol accounts for 40% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the ethylenically unsaturated monomer accounts for 47.25% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] The invention improves the functionality of macromonomers by using hyperbranched polyester polyols, forms a dendritic structure in polymer polyols, provides a larger volume, stabilizes polymer polyol particles, reduces their viscosity, and improves their filtration performance. At the same time, an ester functional group is introduced by an initiator, and a carbamate bond is introduced by an unsaturated isocyanate in end-capping polymerization, and the hydrophobicity of the polymer polyol is improved by the above two ester bonds, thereby reducing the influence of viscosity increase after adding water when the polymer polyol is used for foaming in the later stage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention.
[0024] The raw materials used in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
[0025] Basic polyether polyol: soft foam polyether polyol prepared by the reaction of glycerol with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, F5631, Shandong Yinuowei New Materials Co., Ltd.;
[0026] Liquid sorbitol, VC grade, Shandong Tianli Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.;
[0027] Solid sorbitol, Shouguang Zhongrui Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;
[0028] Sugarcane, COFCO Corporation;
[0029] Hyperbranched polyester polyol, Boltorn H311.
[0030] The performance determination method of polymer polyol in the present invention is as follows:
[0031] Viscosity: measured by a rotational viscometer equipped with a constant temperature cell at 25°C;
[0032] Solid content: Use anhydrous ethanol to wash away the basic polyether polyol in the polymer polyol, centrifuge and separate, repeat for more than three times, and weigh in a constant temperature box until constant weight;
[0033] Time for passing through the sieve: the polymer polyol is heated to 100° C., 200 g of the polymer polyol is added to a 200-mesh sieve, and the time for the polymer polyol to completely pass through the sieve by gravity is recorded.
[0034] Example 1 Preparation of polyether polyol intermediate 1
[0035] 180g of solid sorbitol, 2g of sucrose and 5g of KOH were added to a pressure reactor, the temperature was raised to 100°C and dehydrated for 3h, 740g of propylene oxide was slowly added, the reaction temperature was controlled at 100°C, the internal pressure was maintained for 1h after the addition was completed, vacuum stripping was performed for 0.5h, the temperature was lowered to 90°C, 11.5g of phosphoric acid and 32.5g of water were added for neutralization, 2g of adsorbent magnesium aluminum silicate was added, the reaction was dehydrated and dried, and the hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether polyol intermediate 1 was tested to be 374.5mgKOH / g.
[0036] Example 2 Preparation of polyether polyol intermediate 2
[0037] 91g of solid sorbitol, 130g of liquid sorbitol and 5g of KOH were added to a pressure reactor, the temperature was raised to 100°C and dehydrated for 6h, 1850g of propylene oxide was slowly added, the reaction temperature was controlled at 120°C, the internal pressure was maintained for 1h after the addition was completed, and the monomers were removed in vacuum for 0.5h, the temperature was lowered to 90°C, 22.8g of phosphoric acid and 32.5g of water were added for neutralization, and 2g of adsorbent magnesium aluminum silicate was added, the mixture was dehydrated and dried, and the hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether polyol intermediate 2 was tested to be 168.2mgKOH / g.
[0038] Example 3 Preparation of polyether polyol intermediate 3
[0039] 182g of solid sorbitol and 6.2g of KOH were added to a pressure reactor, the temperature was raised to 100°C and dehydrated for 3h, 1360g of propylene oxide was slowly added, the reaction temperature was controlled at 140°C, the internal pressure was maintained for 2h after the addition was completed, vacuum stripping was performed for 1h, the temperature was lowered to 90°C, 18.8g of phosphoric acid and 52g of water were added for neutralization, 2g of adsorbent magnesium aluminum silicate was added, the reaction was dehydrated and dried, and the hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether polyol intermediate 2 was tested to be 225.6mgKOH / g.
[0040] Example 4 Preparation of polyether / polyester ether polyol 1
[0041] 80 g of the polyether polyol intermediate 1 and 65 g of Boltorn H311 were added to a pressure reactor, the temperature was raised to 100 ° C, the timing was 3 h, 0.2 g of DMC catalyst was added, dehydration was continued for 1 h, 36 g of propylene oxide was added dropwise to initiate the polymerization reaction, and then 840 g of propylene oxide and 180 g of ethylene oxide mixed liquid were added. After the feeding was completed, the internal pressure was maintained for 1 h, the monomer was removed for 0.5 h, and the material was discharged; the hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether / polyester ether polyol 1 was tested to be 37.4 mgKOH / g, the functionality was 8, and the viscosity was 3750 mPa·s.
[0042] Example 5 Preparation of polyether / polyester ether polyol 2
[0043] 74 g of the polyether polyol intermediate 1 and 120 g of Boltorn H311 were added to a pressure reactor, the temperature was raised to 130° C., the time was set for 3 h, 0.03 g of the DMC catalyst was added, dehydration was continued for 1 h, 32 g of propylene oxide was added dropwise to initiate the polymerization reaction, and then 540 g of propylene oxide and 135 g of a mixed liquid of ethylene oxide were added. After the feeding was completed, the internal pressure was maintained for 1 h, the monomer was removed for 0.5 h, and the material was discharged; the hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether / polyester ether polyol 2 was tested to be 57.5 mgKOH / g, the functionality was 9, and the viscosity was 2010 mPa·s.
[0044] Example 6 Preparation of polyether / polyester ether polyol 3
[0045] 141 g of the polyether polyol intermediate 3 and 32.4 g of Boltorn H311 were added to a pressure reactor, the temperature was raised to 140°C, the time was set for 3 h, 0.1 g of the DMC catalyst was added, dehydration was continued for 1 h, 30 g of propylene oxide was added dropwise to initiate the polymerization reaction, and then 990 g of propylene oxide and 210 g of a mixed liquid of ethylene oxide were added. After the feeding was completed, the internal pressure was maintained for 1 h, the monomer was removed for 0.5 h, and the material was discharged; the hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether / polyester ether polyol 3 was tested to be 28 mgKOH / g, the functionality was 7, and the viscosity was 2345 mPa·s.
[0046] Example 7 Preparation of High-functionality Composite Macromonomer A
[0047] 1080 g of polyether / polyester ether polyol 1 and 20.1 g of 3-isopropyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate were added to a pressure reactor, and 0.056 g of bismuth neodecanoate was added. The temperature was raised to 80 °C, and the infrared spectrum was recorded at 2261 cm -1 When the peak at disappears, it is the end point of the reaction, and a high-functionality composite macromonomer A is obtained.
[0048] Example 8 Preparation of High-functionality Composite Macromonomer B
[0049] 1320 g of polyether / polyester ether polyol 1 and 20.1 g of 3-isopropyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate were added to a pressure reactor, and 0.13 g of bismuth neodecanoate was added. The temperature was raised to 70 °C, and the infrared spectrum was recorded at 2261 cm -1 When the peak at disappears, it is the end point of the reaction, and a high-functionality composite macromonomer B is obtained.
[0050] Example 9 Preparation of High-functionality Composite Macromonomer C
[0051] 900 g of polyether / polyester ether polyol 2 and 15.5 g of 2-ethyl methacrylate isocyanate were added to a pressure reactor, and 0.09 g of bismuth neodecanoate was added. The temperature was raised to 80 °C, and the infrared spectrum was recorded at 2261 cm -1 When the peak at disappears, it is the end point of the reaction, and a high-functionality composite macromonomer C is obtained.
[0052] Example 10 Preparation of high-functionality composite macromonomer D
[0053] 1400 g of polyether / polyester ether polyol 3 and 14.1 g of ethyl isocyanate acrylate were added to a pressure reactor, and 0.11 g of bismuth neodecanoate was added. The temperature was raised to 90 °C, and the infrared spectrum was recorded at 2261 cm -1 When the peak at disappears, it is the end point of the reaction, and a high-functionality composite macromonomer D is obtained.
[0054] Comparative Example 1 Preparation of Macromonomer E
[0055] 1080g of polyether polyol intermediate 1 was added into a pressure reactor, 0.04g of DMC catalyst was added, and dehydration was continued for 1h. 37g of propylene oxide was added dropwise to initiate polymerization reaction, and then 910g of propylene oxide and 183g of ethylene oxide mixed liquid were added. After the feeding was completed, the internal pressure was maintained for 1h, the monomer was removed for 0.5h, and the material was discharged. The hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether polyol was tested to be 28.3mgKOH / g, and the viscosity was 3853mPa·s.
[0056] 1074 g of the above polyether polyol and 20.1 g of 3-isopropyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate were added to a pressure reactor, 0.06 g of bismuth neodecanoate was added, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C, and the infrared spectrum was recorded at 2261 cm -1 When the peak at disappears, it is the end point of the reaction and macromonomer E is obtained.
[0057] Comparative Example 2 Preparation of Macromonomer F
[0058] 200 g of the polyether polyol intermediate 2 was added into a pressure-resistant reactor, and 0.04 g of a DMC catalyst was added. The dehydration was continued for 1 h, and 32 g of propylene oxide was added dropwise to initiate the polymerization reaction. Then, a mixed liquid of 1150 g of propylene oxide and 180 g of ethylene oxide was added. After the feeding was completed, the internal pressure was maintained for 1 h, and the monomer was removed for 0.5 h, and the material was discharged. The hydroxyl value of the obtained polyether polyol was tested to be 28.6 mgKOH / g, and the viscosity was 2903 mPa·s.
[0059] 1180 g of the above polyether polyol and 15.5 g of 2-ethyl isocyanate were added to a pressure reactor, and 0.05 g of zinc neodecanoate was added. The temperature was raised to 80°C, and the infrared spectrum was recorded at 2261 cm -1 When the peak at disappears, it is the end point of the reaction and macromonomer F is obtained.
[0060] Comparative Example 3 Preparation of Macromonomer G
[0061] 2000g of the polyether polyol in Comparative Example 2 and 16.5g of maleic anhydride were added to a reactor, and the temperature was raised to 150°C for esterification reaction. The reaction time was 3h, 3g of KOH was added and the reaction was continued for 3h, 30g of ethylene oxide was added for reaction, and the acid value was tested to be <0.5mgKOH / g. The material was discharged to obtain macromonomer G.
[0062] Preparation of polymer polyols:
[0063] (1) Preparation of pre-reactants
[0064] The prepared macromonomers A, B, C, D, E, F, G, a mixture of isopropanol, styrene (SM) and acrylonitrile (AN) and the initiator dimethyl azobisisobutyrate were added to the batching tank respectively, and the materials in the batching tank were transported from the batching tank to the static mixer by a horizontal flow pump, and then successively entered into two pressure-resistant reactors in series for polymerization, wherein the set reaction temperature of the two pressure-resistant reactors was 110°C, and the residence time of the materials in the two pressure-resistant reactors was 60 minutes, respectively, and finally the pre-reactants PA, PB, PC, PD, PE, PF and PG were obtained respectively. The pre-reactants PA, PB, PC, PD, PE, PF and PG were cooled by a cooler and collected for use. Among them, the mass percentages of the mixture of macromonomers, isopropanol, styrene and acrylonitrile and the initiator are shown in Table 1:
[0065] Table 1 Mass percentage of the mixture of macromonomer, isopropanol, styrene and acrylonitrile and initiator
[0066]
[0067] (2) Preparation of polymer polyols
[0068] Pre-reactants PA, PB, PC, PD, PE, PF, PG and basic polyether polyols, a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile and an initiator dimethyl azobisisobutyrate are added to a batching tank respectively, and the materials in the batching tank are transported from the batching tank to a static mixer by a horizontal flow pump, and then enter the first pressure-resistant reactor and the second pressure-resistant reactor in sequence through a feed pipe for reaction, wherein the set reaction temperature of the two pressure-resistant reactors is 125°C, and the residence time of the materials in the two pressure-resistant reactors is 60 minutes respectively; the crude product from the second pressure-resistant reactor enters a stripping reactor, and is vacuumed to remove unreacted volatiles, and finally polymer polyols 1-7 are obtained. The mass percentages of the pre-reactants, basic polyether polyols, a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile and the initiator are shown in Table 2:
[0069] Table 2 Mass percentage of pre-reactant, basic polyether polyol, mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile, and initiator
[0070]
[0071] The performance of polymer polyols 1-7 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3:
[0072] Table 3 Performance test results of polymer polyols 1-7
[0073]
[0074] It can be seen from Table 3 that compared with polymer polyols 5-7 prepared from macromonomers EG in comparative examples 1-3, polymer polyols 1-4 prepared from macromonomers AD in examples 7-10 have significantly lower viscosities, significantly shortened filtration times, and lower viscosity increases after adding water. This is due to the fact that the high-functionality composite macromonomers prepared in examples 7-10 can have a larger dispersion volume in the polymer polyols, thereby improving the stability of the polymer polyols.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 reacts the initiator with the epoxy compound under the action of a catalyst to obtain a polyether polyol intermediate; S2: the polyether polyol intermediate obtained in step S1 and the hyperbranched polyester polyol are used as composite initiators, and reacted with an epoxy compound under the action of a catalyst to generate a polyether / polyester ether polyol; S3: reacting the polyether / polyester ether polyol obtained in step S2 with an unsaturated isocyanate under the action of a catalyst to generate a high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer.
2. The method for preparing a high-functionality composite macromonomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the initiator is one or two of sucrose, solid sorbitol and liquid sorbitol; the catalyst is KOH; the number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol intermediate is 900-2000 g / mol, the mass ratio of the initiator to the epoxy compound is 1:(4-8.5), and the catalyst accounts for 0.2-0.55% of the total mass of the initiator, the catalyst and the epoxy compound.
3. The method for preparing a high-functionality composite macromonomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the hyperbranched polyester polyol is Boltorn H311, with a functionality of 23; the catalyst is a DMC catalyst; the molar ratio of the polyether polyol intermediate to the hyperbranched polyester polyol is (0.6-4.5):1; the hydroxyl value of the polyether / polyester ether polyol is 28-58 mgKOH / g, and the functionality is 7-9; the mass ratio of the composite initiator to the epoxy compound is 1:(3.6-7.3); the catalyst accounts for 30-170 ppm of the total mass of the composite initiator, the catalyst and the epoxy compound.
4. The method for preparing a high-functionality composite macromonomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the unsaturated isocyanate is 3-isopropyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate, 2-ethyl methylacrylate or ethyl isocyanate acrylate; the catalyst is bismuth neodecanoate; the reaction temperature is 70-90° C.; the molar ratio of the polyether / polyester ether polyol to the unsaturated isocyanate is (0.9-1.2):1; the catalyst accounts for 50-100 ppm of the total mass of the polyether / polyester ether polyol, the unsaturated isocyanate and the catalyst.
5. The method for preparing a high-functionality composite macromonomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the epoxy compound is propylene oxide, and the reaction temperature is 100-140°C; in step S2, the epoxy compound is propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, and the reaction temperature is 100-140°C.
6. A high-functionality composite macromonomer, characterized in that: The high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Application of high-functionality composite macromolecular monomers, characterized in that: The high-functionality composite macromonomer is used to prepare a polymer polyol, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) synthesizing a pre-reactant of the high-functionality composite macromonomer and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer as claimed in claim 6 under the action of a chain transfer agent and an initiator; (2) Adding an initiator, a base polyether polyol and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer to the pre-reactant obtained in step (1) to react to obtain a polymer polyol.
8. The use of the high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (1), the chain transfer agent is isopropanol.
9. The use of the high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer according to claim 7, characterized in that: In steps (1) and (2), the initiator is dimethyl azobisisobutyrate; in step (1), the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are styrene and acrylonitrile, and styrene accounts for 50% of the mass of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers; in step (2), the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are styrene and acrylonitrile, and styrene accounts for 80% of the mass of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
10. The use of the high-functionality composite macromolecular monomer according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (1), the chain transfer agent accounts for 60% of the total mass of the chain transfer agent, the initiator, the high-functionality composite macromonomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the initiator accounts for 0.1% of the total mass of the chain transfer agent, the initiator, the high-functionality composite macromonomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the high-functionality composite macromonomer accounts for 24% of the total mass of the chain transfer agent, the initiator, the high-functionality composite macromonomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the ethylenically unsaturated monomer accounts for 0.1% of the total mass of the chain transfer agent, the initiator, the high-functionality composite macromonomer and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer. In step (2), the initiator accounts for 0.25% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the pre-reactant accounts for 12.5% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the base polyether polyol accounts for 40% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the ethylenically unsaturated monomer accounts for 47.25% of the total mass of the pre-reactant, the initiator, the base polyether polyol and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer.