A multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells, including a connecting plate, two vertically upward supporting frames are symmetrically fixed on the outer side of the connecting plate, the tops of the two supporting frames are commonly fixedly connected with a supporting ring, and a main body is arranged between the supporting ring and the connecting plate. The advantages are: the present invention provides a punching mechanism inside the main body to punch holes in the oil and gas pipeline, so that the oil and gas in the pipeline are discharged into the tunnel and then enter the discharge chamber from the tunnel, avoiding the pressure accumulation caused by the extrusion and deformation of the pipe mouth during the pipeline cutting process, and improving the safety of the blowout preventer to a certain extent. At the same time, a feed chamber connected to the discharge chamber is provided on the main body, and the feed chamber is connected to an external fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguishing operation is realized through the fire extinguisher. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blowout preventers, and in particular to a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells. Background Art

[0002] A blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells is a safety device that is usually used to control and reduce the pressure and flow of oil and gas well blowouts or leaks to prevent accidents and protect wellhead equipment and environmental safety.

[0003] The gate-type blowout preventer is one of the blowout preventers used in pressure-resistant oil and gas wells. It cuts off the oil and gas pipeline by closing the gate, seals the inner cavity of the blowout preventer, blocks the rise of oil and gas in the oil and gas pipeline and the tunnel, and plays a role in preventing blowout. However, in the process of the gate cutting off the oil and gas pipeline, the cut-off port of the oil and gas pipeline is squeezed and deformed, causing the diameter to shrink or even close. At this time, as the oil and gas are continuously pressurized, the pressure in the pipeline will continue to increase, and the oil and gas cannot be discharged in time, which is prone to danger.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, we proposed a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and to propose a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The top of the two support frames are fixedly connected with a support ring, and a main body is arranged between the support ring and the connecting plate; a vertical main cavity is opened inside the main body, the main cavity is cylindrical, and the main cavity runs through the upper and lower outer walls of the main body, and the lower and upper ends of the main body are respectively fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 1 and a connecting pipe 2 corresponding to the main cavity port, and the main body is respectively fixedly inserted on the connecting plate and the support ring through the connecting pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 2, and the inner wall of the main cavity is opened with an annular cavity, and the annular cavity is close to the lower end of the main body, and the interior of the main body is provided with a guide cavity 1 located on both sides of the annular cavity, and the two guide cavities 1 are communicated with the annular cavity, and the interior of the main body is provided with an installation cavity communicated with the guide cavity 1, and the outer wall of the main body is opened with a notch communicated with the installation cavity, and the notch, the installation cavity and the guide cavity 1 are located in the same The cam is on the axis, and a clamping mechanism is commonly provided in the notch, the mounting cavity, the guide cavity one and the annular cavity; a horizontal guide cavity two is provided on the inner wall of the main cavity, and the guide cavity two is arranged in a rectangular shape; a guide cavity three located on the right side of the guide cavity two and connected with the guide cavity two is provided inside the main body, a mounting groove one connected with the guide cavity three is provided on the outer wall of the main body, and a cutting and sealing mechanism is commonly provided in the mounting groove one, the guide cavity three and the guide cavity two; a discharge cavity located on the lower side of the mounting groove is provided inside the main body, a cavity opening one connected with the discharge cavity is provided on the inner bottom wall of the guide cavity two, a cavity opening two connected with the discharge cavity is provided on the right end bottom wall of the main body, and a feeding cavity is provided between the discharge cavity and the outer wall of the main body; the inner wall of the main cavity is connected with a guide cavity four located between the guide cavity two and the annular cavity, a mounting groove two connected with the guide cavity four is provided on the outer wall of the main body, and a punching mechanism is commonly provided between the mounting groove two and the guide cavity four.

[0008] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a further technical solution: the clamping mechanism includes two bearings symmetrically fixed inside the installation cavity, a sleeve is fixedly inserted on the two bearings, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a thread, a threaded rod is inserted in the sleeve, the inner end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to a guide rod slidably arranged in a guide cavity, the end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to a clamping plate located in the annular cavity, the outer end of the sleeve is fixedly provided with a plurality of support strips extending outward, and the outer ends of the support strips are fixedly connected to a rotary handle located in the slot.

[0009] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a further technical solution: the cutting and sealing mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 1 fixedly arranged in an installation groove 1, the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a driving rod 1 slidably inserted in a guide cavity 3, the end of the driving rod 1 is fixedly connected to a connecting block, the left end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a gate plate slidably arranged in a guide cavity 2, and a plurality of guide grooves are opened on the lower wall of the gate plate.

[0010] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a further technical solution: the punching mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 2 fixedly arranged in an installation groove 2, the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to a driving rod 2 slidably arranged in a guide cavity 4, the end of the driving rod 2 is fixedly connected to a top cone, and the inner wall of the main cavity is provided with a positioning groove corresponding to the guide cavity 4.

[0011] In order to better achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts a further technical solution: the gate plate is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the second guide cavity, and the right end of the guide groove passes through the right side wall of the gate plate.

[0012] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a further technical solution: the feed chamber is connected to a fire extinguisher.

[0013] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a further technical solution: a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall fixing sleeve of the connecting block.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0015] The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the tunnel, and the oil and gas pipeline is inserted in the main cavity. When the pressure in the tunnel and the pipeline suddenly increases, the rotary handles on both sides are manually rotated to rotate the casing. Under the meshing action of the inner thread of the casing and the threaded rod, the two threaded rods will respectively drive the clamping plates on both sides to clamp the oil and gas pipeline. At this time, hydraulic cylinder 1 and hydraulic cylinder 2 are driven at the same time to make the gate cut off the pipeline and isolate the main cavity at the same time to prevent oil and gas from spraying up. Driving rod 2 carries the top cone to punch holes in the pipeline, so that the oil and gas in the pipeline are discharged to the tunnel. The oil and gas in the tunnel will enter the discharge cavity through the guide groove to achieve pressure relief, avoiding the pressure accumulation caused by the extrusion and deformation of the pipe mouth during the pipeline cutting process, thereby improving the safety of the blowout preventer to a certain extent.

[0016] A feed chamber connected to the discharge chamber is provided on the main body. The feed chamber is connected to an external fire extinguisher. When the oil and gas in the blowout preventer produce an open flame, the discharge chamber can be closed and then the fire extinguisher can be opened. The fire extinguishing material enters the tunnel through the discharge chamber and the guide groove to achieve oil and gas fire extinguishing.

[0017] In summary, the present invention provides a punching mechanism inside the main body to punch holes in the oil and gas pipeline, so that the oil and gas in the pipeline are discharged into the tunnel and then enter the discharge chamber from the tunnel, thereby avoiding pressure accumulation due to the extrusion and deformation of the pipe mouth during the pipeline cutting process, thereby improving the safety of the blowout preventer to a certain extent. At the same time, a feed chamber connected to the discharge chamber is provided on the main body, and the feed chamber is connected to an external fire extinguisher, so that fire extinguishing operations are achieved through the fire extinguisher, and the structure is simple and the operation is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an internal view of a shell of a multifunctional blowout preventer main body for a low-pressure oil and gas well proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal structure of the main body of a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part A;

[0023] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main body of a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells proposed by the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1 connecting plate, 2 supporting frame, 3 supporting ring, 4 main body, 5 main cavity, 6 connecting pipe 1, 7 connecting pipe 2, 8 annular cavity, 9 guide cavity 1, 10 positioning groove, 11 mounting cavity, 12 notch, 13 guide cavity 2, 14 guide cavity 3, 15 mounting groove 1, 16 discharge cavity, 17 cavity opening 1, 18 cavity opening 2, 19 feed cavity, 20 guide cavity 4, 21 mounting groove 2, 22 bearing, 23 sleeve, 24 threaded rod, 25 guide rod, 26 splint, 27 supporting bar, 28 rotary handle, 29 hydraulic cylinder 1, 30 driving rod 1, 31 gate, 32 guide groove, 33 hydraulic cylinder 2, 34 driving rod 2, 35 top cone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, a multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells includes a connecting plate 1, which is used to fix and connect the tunnel and seal the tunnel. Two vertical support frames 2 are symmetrically fixed on the outer side of the connecting plate 1, and a support ring 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the two support frames 2. A main body 4 is arranged between the support ring 3 and the connecting plate 1; a vertical main cavity 5 is opened inside the main body 4, and the main cavity 5 is arranged in a cylindrical shape. The main cavity 5 runs through the upper and lower outer walls of the main body 4. The main cavity 5 is used to insert the oil and gas pipeline. The inner diameter of the main cavity 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the oil and gas pipeline. The lower end and the upper end of the main body 4 are respectively fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 1 6 and a connecting pipe 2 7 corresponding to the port of the main cavity 5. 4 is fixedly inserted on the connecting plate 1 and the supporting ring 3 through the connecting pipe 1 6 and the connecting pipe 2 7 respectively. The inner wall of the main cavity 5 is provided with an annular cavity 8, and the annular cavity 8 is close to the lower end of the main body 4. The interior of the main body 4 is provided with guide cavities 1 9 located on the left and right sides of the annular cavity 8. The guide cavities 1 9 are arranged horizontally. Both guide cavities 1 9 are connected with the annular cavity 8. The interior of the main body 4 is provided with a mounting cavity 11 connected with the guide cavity 1 9. The outer wall of the main body 4 is provided with a notch 12 connected with the mounting cavity 11. The notch 12, the mounting cavity 11 and the guide cavity 1 9 are located on the same axis, and a clamping mechanism is commonly provided in the notch 12, the mounting cavity 11, the guide cavity 1 9 and the annular cavity 8.

[0027] The clamping mechanism includes two bearings 22 symmetrically fixed inside the installation cavity 11, the two bearings 22 are respectively close to the left and right ends of the installation cavity 11, and a sleeve 23 is fixedly inserted on the two bearings 22. The inner wall of the sleeve 23 is provided with a thread, and a threaded rod 24 is inserted in the sleeve 23. The threaded rod 24 matches the internal thread of the sleeve 23. The inner end of the threaded rod 24 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 25 slidably set in the guide cavity 9. The inner wall of the guide cavity 9 is fixedly embedded with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring seals the guide cavity 9 and the guide rod 25. The end of the guide rod 25 is fixedly connected with a clamping plate 26 located in the annular cavity 8, and the clamping plate 26 is arranged in a semi-circular shape. The outer end of the sleeve 23 is fixedly provided with a plurality of support bars 27 extending outward, and the outer ends of the support bars 27 are fixedly connected with a rotary handle 28 located in the groove 12. When the rotary handles 28 on both sides are rotated, the corresponding sleeve 23 rotates, and the corresponding threaded rod 24 is driven to move through the internal thread, thereby driving the guide rod 25 to slide in the guide cavity 9, so that the two clamping plates 26 in the annular cavity 8 clamp the oil and gas pipeline in the main cavity 5.

[0028] The inner wall of the main cavity 5 is provided with a horizontal guide cavity 2 13, and the guide cavity 2 13 is arranged in a rectangular body. The interior of the main body 4 is provided with a guide cavity 3 14 located on the right side of the guide cavity 2 13 and connected to the guide cavity 2 13. The outer wall of the main body 4 is provided with a mounting groove 15 connected to the guide cavity 3 14. The mounting groove 15, the guide cavity 3 14 and the guide cavity 2 13 are provided with a cutting and sealing mechanism. The cutting and sealing mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 1 29 fixedly arranged in the mounting groove 15, the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 29 is arranged inwardly, and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 29 is fixedly connected to a driving rod 1 30 slidably inserted in the guide cavity 3 14. A sealing ring is fixedly embedded in the guide cavity 3 14, and the sealing ring realizes the guide cavity The third 14 is sealedly connected to the driving rod 1 30, and the end of the driving rod 1 30 is fixedly connected with a connecting block. The outer wall of the connecting block is fixedly sleeved with a sealing ring. The sealing ring is squeezed and contacted with the inner top wall and the two inner side walls of the guide cavity 13 to play a sealing role. The left end of the connecting block is fixedly connected with a gate plate 31 slidably set in the guide cavity 13. The gate plate 31 is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the guide cavity 13. Under the joint action of the gate plate 31 and the sealing ring, the left and right parts of the guide cavity 13 are separated. A plurality of guide grooves 32 are opened on the lower wall of the gate plate 31. The right end of the guide groove 32 passes through the right side wall of the gate plate 31. When the gate plate 31 moves to the left end of the guide cavity 13, the gate plate 31 will separate the main cavity 5.

[0029] A discharge chamber 16 is provided inside the main body 4 and is located at the lower side of the mounting groove 15. A cavity opening 17 communicating with the discharge chamber 16 is provided on the inner bottom wall of the guide chamber 13. A cavity opening 18 communicating with the discharge chamber 16 is provided on the right bottom wall of the main body 4. A feed chamber 19 is provided between the discharge chamber 16 and the outer wall of the main body 4. The feed chamber 19 is connected to a fire extinguisher. After the gate plate 31 separates the main chamber 5, the discharge chamber 16 is communicated with the main chamber 5 under the action of the guide groove 32.

[0030] The inner wall of the main cavity 5 is connected with a guide cavity 20 located between the guide cavity 213 and the annular cavity 8. The guide cavity 20 is located on the left side of the main cavity 5. The outer wall of the main body 4 is provided with a mounting groove 21 connected with the guide cavity 20. A punching mechanism is provided between the mounting groove 21 and the guide cavity 20. The punching mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 23 fixedly provided in the mounting groove 21. The driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is arranged inwardly. The driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly connected with a driving rod 234 slidingly provided in the guide cavity 20. A sealing ring is fixedly embedded in the guide cavity 20. The sealing ring realizes the sealing connection between the guide cavity 20 and the driving rod 234. A top cone 35 is fixedly connected to the end of the driving rod 234. The top cone 35 is arranged in a conical shape, and the bottom circle diameter of the top cone 35 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the driving rod 234. The top cone 35 is used to punch holes in the oil and gas pipeline. The inner wall of the main cavity 5 is provided with a positioning groove 10 corresponding to the guide cavity 20.

[0031] When the pressure in the tunnel and pipeline suddenly increases, the handles 28 on both sides are manually rotated to rotate the sleeve 23. Under the meshing action of the inner thread of the sleeve 23 and the threaded rod 24, the two threaded rods 24 will respectively drive the clamping plates 26 on both sides to clamp the oil and gas pipeline. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 1 29 and the hydraulic cylinder 2 33 are driven at the same time to make the gate 31 cut off the pipeline and isolate the main chamber 5 to prevent oil and gas from spraying upward. The driving rod 2 34 carries the top cone 35 to punch holes in the pipeline, and then the hydraulic cylinder 2 33 return, after the drilling is completed, it is convenient for the oil and gas in the pipeline to be discharged to the roadway, and the oil and gas in the roadway will enter the discharge chamber 16 through the guide groove 32 to achieve pressure relief, avoiding the accumulation of pressure inside the pipeline due to the extrusion and deformation of the pipe mouth during the pipeline cutting process, thereby improving the safety of the blowout preventer to a certain extent. When the oil and gas in the blowout preventer generate open flames, the discharge chamber 16 can be closed, and then the fire extinguisher can be turned on, and the fire extinguishing material can enter the roadway through the discharge chamber 16 and the guide groove 32 to achieve the fire extinguishing of the oil and gas.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells, comprising a connecting plate (1), characterized in that: Two vertically upward supporting frames (2) are symmetrically fixed on the outer side of the connection plate (1); the top ends of the two supporting frames (2) are fixedly connected to a supporting ring (3); a main body (4) is arranged between the supporting ring (3) and the connection plate (1); a vertical main cavity (5) is provided inside the main body (4); the main cavity (5) is cylindrical and passes through the upper and lower outer walls of the main body (4); the lower end and the upper end of the main body (4) are respectively fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 1 (6) and a connecting pipe 2 (7) corresponding to the ports of the main cavity (5); the main body (4) is respectively fixedly inserted on the connection plate (1) and the supporting ring (3) through the connecting pipe 1 (6) and the connecting pipe 2 (7); the inner wall of the main cavity (5) is provided with a An annular cavity (8), the annular cavity (8) being close to the lower end of the main body (4), the main body (4) being provided with guide cavities (9) located on both sides of the annular cavity (8), the two guide cavities (9) being communicated with the annular cavity (8), the main body (4) being provided with a mounting cavity (11) communicating with the guide cavity (9), the outer wall of the main body (4) being provided with a notch (12) communicating with the mounting cavity (11), the notch (12), the mounting cavity (11) and the guide cavity (9) being located on the same axis, and a clamping mechanism being provided in the notch (12), the mounting cavity (11), the guide cavity (9) and the annular cavity (8); the inner wall of the main cavity (5) being provided with a horizontal guide cavity (12) 3), the guide cavity 2 (13) is arranged in a rectangular body, the interior of the main body (4) is provided with a guide cavity 3 (14) located on the right side of the guide cavity 2 (13) and connected to the guide cavity 2 (13), the outer wall of the main body (4) is provided with a mounting groove 1 (15) connected to the guide cavity 3 (14), the mounting groove 1 (15), the guide cavity 3 (14) and the guide cavity 2 (13) are provided with a cutting and sealing mechanism; the cutting and sealing mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1 (29) fixedly arranged in the mounting groove 1 (15), the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (29) is fixedly connected to a driving rod 1 (30) slidably inserted in the guide cavity 3 (14), the end of the driving rod 1 (30) is fixedly connected to a connecting block, the connecting block The left end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a gate plate (31) slidably arranged in the second guide cavity (13); a plurality of guide grooves (32) are provided on the lower wall of the gate plate (31); the gate plate (31) is fitted with the inner bottom wall of the second guide cavity (13); the right end of the guide groove (32) penetrates the right side wall of the gate plate (31); a discharge cavity (16) is provided inside the main body (4) and is located below the first mounting groove (15); a cavity opening (17) communicating with the discharge cavity (16) is provided on the inner bottom wall of the second guide cavity (13); a cavity opening (18) communicating with the discharge cavity (16) is provided on the right end bottom wall of the main body (4); a feed cavity (19) is provided between the discharge cavity (16) and the outer wall of the main body (4);The inner wall of the main cavity (5) is connected to a guide cavity 4 (20) located between the guide cavity 2 (13) and the annular cavity (8); the outer wall of the main body (4) is provided with a mounting groove 2 (21) connected to the guide cavity 4 (20); a punching mechanism is provided between the mounting groove 2 (21) and the guide cavity 4 (20); the punching mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder 2 (33) fixedly arranged in the mounting groove 2 (21); the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 (33) is fixedly connected to a driving rod 2 (34) slidably arranged in the guide cavity 4 (20); the end of the driving rod 2 (34) is fixedly connected to a top cone (35); the inner wall of the main cavity (5) is provided with a positioning groove (10) corresponding to the guide cavity 4 (20). ; 2. A multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises two bearings (22) symmetrically fixed inside the mounting cavity (11), a sleeve (23) being fixedly inserted on the two bearings (22), the inner wall of the sleeve (23) being provided with a thread, a threaded rod (24) being inserted inside the sleeve (23), the inner end of the threaded rod (24) being fixedly connected to a guide rod (25) slidably arranged in a guide cavity (9), the end of the guide rod (25) being fixedly connected to a clamping plate (26) located in the annular cavity (8), a plurality of outwardly extending support bars (27) being fixedly arranged on the outer end of the sleeve (23), the outer ends of the support bars (27) being fixedly connected to a rotary handle (28) located in the notch (12).

3. A multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed chamber (19) is connected to a fire extinguisher.

4. A multifunctional blowout preventer for low-pressure oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall fixing sleeve of the connecting block is provided with a sealing ring.

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