Reusable, high flux, antimicrobial polyester composite nonwoven materials and methods for making the same

Abstract

The application provides a reusable large-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material and a preparation method thereof. The composite nonwoven material comprises a first spun-bond layer, a melt-blown layer and a second spun-bond layer which are sequentially compounded; the first spun-bond layer is nonwoven by polyester spun-bond fibers, the melt-blown layer is nonwoven by hydrophilic antibacterial polyester melt-blown fibers, and the second spun-bond layer is nonwoven by hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spun-bond fibers. The raw materials, fiber diameters, average pore diameters and layer thicknesses of the first spun-bond layer, the melt-blown layer and the second spun-bond layer are regulated, so that the composite nonwoven material has hydrophilicity and antibacterial property, and realizes the rapid one-way passing of liquid by using the formed asymmetric hydrophilic and hydrophobic structure; the interception resistance and high permeability are combined, so that the prepared composite nonwoven material has the characteristics of high flux and effective filtration at the same time, and the pollutants are intercepted on the material surface, the anti-pollution cleaning function is improved, and the service life of the material is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polyester nonwoven materials technology, and in particular to a reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Nonwoven materials are made up of randomly stacked fibers, so the type and properties of the fibers directly determine the performance and applications of the final nonwoven material. Fibers used to prepare nonwoven materials typically include bio-based fibers, petroleum-based fibers, specialty fibers, and other high-performance fibers. Polyester fiber, as a type of petroleum-based fiber, has applications in automotive interior trim, geosynthetics, air or liquid filtration, protective materials, agricultural mulch films, fruit and flower materials, household cleaning cloths, and medical and hygiene materials. It offers advantages such as sun shading, light transmission, good ventilation, strong heat insulation, UV protection, fire resistance, moisture resistance, and easy cleaning. Therefore, the trend towards large-scale production and industrialization of polyester fibers is increasingly evident, indicating promising application prospects.

[0003] However, in the fields of filtration, separation, and protection, all synthetic membranes need to balance permeability and retention, and face challenges such as pore clogging, short service life, and susceptibility to damage, which limit their use. In existing technologies, SMS nonwoven fabric, as a composite product of spunbond and meltblown fibers, has advantages such as high strength and good filtration performance, and is widely used in filtration, separation, and protection. However, most products made from SMS nonwoven fabric are disposable, requiring large quantities and frequent replacements. They also often suffer from insufficient functionality, poor stain resistance, difficulty in reusing, and short lifespan, and can cause serious environmental pollution.

[0004] Invention patent CN202010454844.9 discloses a method for preparing easily degradable SMS spunbond nonwoven fabric. The SMS spunbond nonwoven fabric includes a three-layer structure, with the middle layer being a degradable meltblown fabric and the top and bottom layers being degradable spunbond nonwoven fabric. Although the SMS spunbond nonwoven fabric can avoid environmental pollution by utilizing its degradability and has excellent physical strength and filtration and shielding performance, it still has problems such as poor antibacterial ability, poor hydrophilicity, insufficient stain resistance, and difficulty in reusing.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design a reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to prepare a reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material by controlling the raw materials and structures of the first spunbond layer, meltblown layer, and second spunbond layer that make up the composite nonwoven material.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material, comprising a first spunbond layer, a meltblown layer, and a second spunbond layer sequentially laminated together; the first spunbond layer is nonwoven from polyester spunbond fibers, the meltblown layer is nonwoven from hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fibers, and the second spunbond layer is nonwoven from hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fibers.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber and the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber use a hydrophilic antibacterial polyester masterbatch prepared by blending an organic antibacterial agent with a hydrophilic polyester in a predetermined mass ratio. The hydrophilic polyester is a polyester material whose macromolecular main chain contains hydrophilic groups or is end-capped by hydrophilic groups.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the organic antibacterial agent is N,N-dioctyldiethylenetriamine; the predetermined mass ratio of the organic antibacterial agent to the hydrophilic polyester is 1:10-1:200; and the hydrophilic group is one or more of ether, amino, and hydroxyl groups. Based on this, during the melt blending of the organic antibacterial agent and the hydrophilic polyester to prepare the masterbatch, the organic antibacterial agent promotes the aminolysis of the ester groups of the hydrophilic polyester at high temperature, thereby obtaining a hydrophilic polyester masterbatch with lower viscosity.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the polyester raw material used in the polyester spunbond fiber is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, and polybutylene terephthalate-co-butylene terephthalate.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the polyester spunbond fiber is 10-50 μm, the average pore size of the first spunbond layer is 15-62 μm, and the thickness of the first spunbond layer is 30-100 μm.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber is 1-5 μm; the average pore size of the meltblown layer is 1-6 μm; and the thickness of the first meltblown layer is 10-50 μm.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber is 8-50 μm; the average pore size of the second spunbond layer is 13-60 μm, and the thickness of the second spunbond layer is 30-100 μm.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first spunbond layer, the meltblown layer and the second spunbond layer are composited by thermal melting and solidification.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Polyester masterbatch is spun into polyester spunbond fibers through a spunbond spinning assembly; and the first spunbond layer is prepared by spunbond nonwoven web laying and hot rolling.

[0017] S2. Using the first spunbond layer as a mesh belt, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a composite fiber web containing the first spunbond layer and the meltblown layer.

[0018] S3. Using the composite fiber web as a mesh belt, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. The reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material provided by this invention adopts a gradient pore structure of spunbond-meltblown-spunbond (SMS), and controls the raw materials, fiber diameter, average pore size, and layer thickness of the first spunbond layer, meltblown layer, and second spunbond layer to form a chemically asymmetric structure with large pores on both sides and small pores in the middle, and hydrophilic antibacterial properties on one side. On the one hand, it can combine interception and barrier properties with high permeability, so that the resulting composite nonwoven material can achieve high throughput while also having effective filtration characteristics, thus meeting its application needs in the fields of filtration separation and protection. On the other hand, the SMS structure can intercept pollutants on the material surface, and the filtration and protective materials can be reused after surface cleaning or backwashing, which is beneficial to improving the antifouling and cleaning functions of the composite nonwoven material and extending the service life of the material.

[0021] 2. This invention endows the composite nonwoven material with hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties by using hydrophilic antibacterial polyester as raw material in the second spunbond layer and meltblown layer. This further improves its flux while also enabling the material to effectively remove pollutants, especially microorganisms, in the field of protective materials, making it more durable and healthier. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the conventional polyester fibers used in the first spunbond layer and the hydrophilicity of the meltblown layer and the second spunbond layer can form an asymmetric hydrophilic-hydrophobic structure, thereby enabling rapid unidirectional liquid flow and effectively improving the material's permeability.

[0022] 3. The organic antibacterial agent N,N-dioctyldiethylenetriamine used in this invention is a small molecule containing amine and quaternary ammonium groups. During the melt blending process with hydrophilic polyester, the organic antibacterial agent can promote the aminolysis of the ester groups of the hydrophilic polyester at high temperatures. On the one hand, it can chemically bond the organic antibacterial agent with the polyester molecular chain, retaining the quaternary ammonium antibacterial groups and achieving antibacterial function. On the other hand, the bonded organic antibacterial agent has a strong interaction with polyester macromolecules and will not undergo changes in molecular structure due to multiple melt processing, resulting in high structural stability. Thirdly, the aminolysis process can reduce the molecular weight of the hydrophilic polyester masterbatch, obtaining a hydrophilic polyester masterbatch with lower viscosity, which is more conducive to spinning finer fibers, ultimately achieving the spinning of structurally stable antibacterial meltblown fibers or finer spunbond fibers. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Additionally, it should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] This invention provides a reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material, comprising a first spunbond layer, a meltblown layer, and a second spunbond layer sequentially laminated together; the first spunbond layer is nonwoven from polyester spunbond fibers, the meltblown layer is nonwoven from hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fibers, and the second spunbond layer is nonwoven from hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fibers.

[0026] The hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber and the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber use hydrophilic antibacterial polyester masterbatch prepared by blending organic antibacterial agent and hydrophilic polyester in a predetermined mass ratio. The hydrophilic polyester is a polyester material whose macromolecular main chain contains hydrophilic groups or is end-capped by hydrophilic groups.

[0027] The organic antibacterial agent is N,N-dioctyldiethylenetriamine; the predetermined mass ratio of the organic antibacterial agent to the hydrophilic polyester is 1:10-1:200; the hydrophilic group is one or more of ether, amino, and hydroxyl groups.

[0028] The polyester spunbond fiber uses polyester raw material selected from polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, and polybutylene terephthalate-co-butylene succinate; the diameter of the polyester spunbond fiber is 10-50 μm, the average pore size of the first spunbond layer is 15-62 μm, and the thickness of the first spunbond layer is 30-100 μm.

[0029] The diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber is 1-5 μm; the average pore size of the meltblown layer is 1-6 μm; and the thickness of the first meltblown layer is 10-50 μm.

[0030] The diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber is 8-50 μm; the average pore size of the second spunbond layer is 13-60 μm, and the thickness of the second spunbond layer is 30-100 μm.

[0031] The first spunbond layer, the meltblown layer, and the second spunbond layer are composited by thermal melting and solidification.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1. Polyester masterbatch is spun into polyester spunbond fibers through a spunbond spinning assembly; and the first spunbond layer is prepared by spunbond nonwoven web laying and hot rolling.

[0034] S2. Using the first spunbond layer as a mesh belt, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a composite fiber web containing the first spunbond layer and the meltblown layer.

[0035] S3. Using the composite fiber web as a mesh belt, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material.

[0036] Specifically, in step S1, the spinning parameters of the polyester spunbond fiber are: temperature 250-265℃, drawing speed 5500-7000m / min; the parameters of the web laying and hot rolling are: temperature 200-260℃, linear pressure 80-120N / mm.

[0037] In step S2, the spinning parameters of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber are: temperature 200-235℃, stretching speed 28000-33000m / min; the parameters of the web laying and hot rolling are: temperature 180-230℃, linear pressure 40-100N / mm.

[0038] In step S3, the spinning parameters of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber are: temperature 205-240℃, stretching speed 5000-6500m / min; the parameters of the web laying and hot rolling are: temperature 190-235℃, linear pressure 70-110N / mm.

[0039] The following specific embodiments illustrate the reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material and its preparation method provided by the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a reusable, high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1. Polyester masterbatch is spun into polyester spunbond fiber through a spunbond spinning assembly; and the first spunbond layer is prepared by spunbond nonwoven web laying and hot rolling method; wherein the spinning parameters are: temperature 260℃, drawing speed 6000m / min; the web laying and hot rolling parameters are: temperature 230℃, linear pressure 100N / mm.

[0043] S2. Using the first spunbond layer as a web, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester (main chain containing ether bonds) meltblown fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a composite fiber web containing the first spunbond layer and the meltblown layer; wherein, the spinning parameters are: temperature 220℃, drawing speed 30000m / min; the web laying and hot-rolling parameters are: temperature 200℃, linear pressure 70N / mm;

[0044] S3. Using the composite fiber web as a mesh belt, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester (main chain containing ether bonds) spunbond fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material; wherein, the spinning parameters are: temperature 220℃, stretching speed 6000m / min; the parameters for laying and hot-rolling are: temperature 225℃, linear pressure 90N / mm.

[0045] The hydrophilic antibacterial polyester is obtained by melt blending and granulation of N,N-dioctyldiethylenetriamine and polyester with ether bonds in the main chain at a mass ratio of 1:100.

[0046] The reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material prepared by the above method comprises a first spunbond layer, a meltblown layer, and a second spunbond layer sequentially laminated together. Specifically, the average diameter of the polyester spunbond fibers in the first spunbond layer is 30 μm, the average pore size of the first spunbond layer is 30 μm, and the thickness of the first spunbond layer is 60 μm; the average diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fibers in the meltblown layer is 3 μm, the average pore size of the meltblown layer is 3 μm, and the thickness of the meltblown layer is 30 μm; the average diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fibers in the second spunbond layer is 30 μm, the average pore size of the second spunbond layer is 30 μm, and the thickness of the second spunbond layer is 60 μm.

[0047] The hydrophilicity, pure water flux, retention capacity, antifouling properties, and antibacterial properties of the reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material prepared in this embodiment were tested. The specific testing methods for each property are as follows:

[0048] Hydrophilicity test method: Under standard environment (relative humidity 65%, temperature 25℃), use a contact angle meter to test the shape curve of distilled water or deionized water droplets on the material surface, and calculate the contact angle. The smaller the contact angle, the better the hydrophilicity.

[0049] Pure water flux test method: Under the conditions of pressure of 0.2MPa and temperature of 25℃, pure water is filtered using non-woven materials in a cross-flow flux tester. After the outflow rate stabilizes, the pure water flux of the non-woven materials is recorded.

[0050] Retention test method: Under the conditions of pressure of 0.2MPa and temperature of 25℃, polystyrene microspheres (1g / L) with an average pore size equivalent to the microspheres were filtered through a cross-flow flux analyzer using a nonwoven material. The relative solid content of the microspheres in the dispersion before and after filtration was determined by a UV spectrophotometer. The retention rate of the nonwoven material was obtained by the ratio of the solid content after filtration to the solid content before filtration.

[0051] Antifouling test method: Under the conditions of pressure of 0.2MPa and temperature of 25℃, the pure water flux of the nonwoven material before and after filtering a dispersion of polystyrene microspheres (1g / L) with an average pore size equivalent to its own diameter was measured using a cross-flow flux analyzer. The specific test method is as follows: first test in pure water for 1 hour, then switch to 1g / L polystyrene microsphere dispersion and test for 1 hour. The tested separation membrane is backwashed for 20 minutes. The membrane after backwashing is then repeated with the first two steps to test the pure water flux before and after filtering the polystyrene dispersion.

[0052] Antimicrobial activity test method: Referring to the AATCC 100-2019 test standard, Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in nutrient broth at 37℃ for 24 hours. The inoculated nutrients were then collected and diluted with nutrient broth to a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The concentration of cfu / ml was inoculated onto the surface of nonwoven material, and the mixture was shaken for 1 minute. After dilution, the mixture was placed in agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Bacterial counts were then performed on the plates. The same method was used to test the bacterial count in bacterial culture samples without nonwoven material inoculation (control samples). Using the control samples and uninoculated bacterial culture samples as references, the percentage reduction in bacterial count after inoculation was calculated as the antibacterial rate. The results obtained using the above method are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1 Performance data in Example 1

[0054]

[0055] Examples 2-7

[0056] Examples 2-7 provide a reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in the change of the fiber diameter, pore size and thickness of the first spunbond layer. The parameters corresponding to each example are shown in Table 2.

[0057] Table 2 Parameters of the first spunbond layer in Examples 2-7

[0058]

[0059] The performance of Examples 2 to 7 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0060] Table 3 Performance data from Examples 2-7

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] As shown in Table 3, variations in the fiber diameter, pore size, and thickness of the first spunbond layer significantly affect the contact angle of the spunbond side surface, thus influencing the nonwoven material's retention rate and corresponding water flux. Specifically, a smaller fiber diameter and greater thickness in the first spunbond layer result in a smaller pore size, leading to a decreasing contact angle. This, in turn, increases the nonwoven material's retention rate and decreases the water flux, while maintaining high levels of stain resistance and antibacterial activity.

[0064] Examples 8-13

[0065] Examples 8-13 provide a reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in the change of fiber diameter, pore size and thickness of the meltblown layer. The parameters corresponding to each example are shown in Table 4.

[0066] Table 4. Parameters of the meltblown layer in Examples 8-13

[0067]

[0068] The performance of Examples 8 to 13 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0069] Table 5 Performance data from Examples 8-13

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] As shown in Table 5, changes in the fiber diameter, pore size, and thickness of the meltblown layer mainly affect the retention rate and water flux of the nonwoven material, while also having some impact on the antibacterial rate. Specifically, a smaller meltblown fiber diameter and a larger thickness result in a smaller pore size, increasing the retention rate of the nonwoven material and decreasing the water flux. A thicker meltblown layer improves the antibacterial rate, but the contact angle remains essentially unchanged, maintaining a high level of stain resistance.

[0073] Examples 14-19

[0074] Examples 14-19 provide a reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in the change of the fiber diameter, pore size, and thickness of the second spunbond layer. The parameters corresponding to each example are shown in Table 6.

[0075] Table 6 Parameters of the second spunbond layer in Examples 14-19

[0076]

[0077] The performance of Examples 14-19 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 7.

[0078] Table 7 Performance data from Examples 14-19

[0079]

[0080] As shown in Table 7, variations in the fiber diameter, pore size, and thickness of the second spunbond layer significantly affect the contact angle of the spunbond side surface, thus influencing the nonwoven material's retention rate and corresponding water flux. Furthermore, changes in the parameters of the second spunbond layer also affect the antibacterial rate of the nonwoven material. Specifically, a smaller fiber diameter and greater thickness in the second spunbond layer result in a smaller pore size, increasing the nonwoven material's retention rate and decreasing the water flux. Simultaneously, it reduces the contact angle, making the material more hydrophilic and significantly improving the antibacterial rate.

[0081] Examples 20-22

[0082] Examples 20-22 provide a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in the change of the type of hydrophilic polyester and the predetermined mass ratio of organic antibacterial agent to hydrophilic polyester. The parameters corresponding to each example are shown in Table 8.

[0083] Table 8. Relevant parameters of the organic antibacterial agents in Examples 20-22

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] The performance of Examples 20-22 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 9.

[0087] Table 9 Performance data from Examples 20-22

[0088]

[0089] As shown in Table 9, the type of hydrophilic polyester and the ratio of organic antibacterial agent to hydrophilic polyester have a significant impact on the contact angle of the side surface of the second spunbond layer, and thus affect the water flux and antibacterial rate of the nonwoven material. Specifically, nonwoven materials with a higher proportion of hydrophilic polyester have a smaller contact angle and a larger water flux; however, nonwoven materials with a higher proportion of antibacterial agent have a higher antibacterial rate, while maintaining a high level of stain resistance.

[0090] Comparative Example 1

[0091] This comparative example provides a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester in steps S2 and S3 is replaced with the conventional polyester masterbatch used in step S1. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0092] Comparative Example 2

[0093] This comparative example provides a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester in step S2 is replaced with the conventional polyester masterbatch used in step S1. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0094] Comparative Example 3

[0095] This comparative example provides a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester in step S3 is replaced with the conventional polyester masterbatch used in step S1. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0096] Comparative Example 4

[0097] This comparative example provides a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester in steps S2 and S3 is replaced with hydrophilic polyester. The hydrophilic polyester is a polyester with ether bonds in the main chain and does not contain organic antibacterial agents. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0098] Comparative Example 5

[0099] This comparative example provides a reusable, high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the organic antibacterial agent used in the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester in steps S2 and S3 is replaced with a conventional quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial agent that cannot cause the polyester to undergo aminolysis. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0100] Comparative Example 6

[0101] This comparative example provides a reusable, high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that it only contains a first spunbond layer and a meltblown layer, omitting the preparation of the second spunbond layer. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] The performance of comparative examples 1 to 6 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 10.

[0103] Table 10 Performance data for Comparative Examples 1–6

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] As can be seen from Table 10, altering the raw material composition and structure of the reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material provided by this invention significantly affects the performance of the nonwoven material. Compared with the comparative examples above, Example 1 prepared a hydrophilic antibacterial polyester by blending a specific type of organic antibacterial agent with a hydrophilic polyester, which was used in the preparation of the meltblown layer and the second spunbond layer. Simultaneously, the fiber diameter, average thickness, and layer thickness of the first spunbond layer, meltblown layer, and second spunbond layer were controlled, effectively improving the retention rate, flux, and antibacterial rate of the resulting composite nonwoven material, and giving it better anti-fouling and cleaning properties, effectively extending the material's service life.

[0107] In summary, this invention provides a reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material and its preparation method. The composite nonwoven material comprises a first spunbond layer, a meltblown layer, and a second spunbond layer sequentially laminated together. The first spunbond layer is nonwoven from polyester spunbond fibers, the meltblown layer is nonwoven from hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fibers, and the second spunbond layer is nonwoven from hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fibers. By controlling the raw materials, fiber diameter, average pore size, and layer thickness of the first spunbond layer, the meltblown layer, and the second spunbond layer, this invention not only enables the composite nonwoven material to possess hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties, and utilizes the formed asymmetric hydrophilic-hydrophobic structure to achieve rapid unidirectional liquid passage; it also combines retention and barrier properties with high permeability, resulting in a composite nonwoven material that achieves both high flux and effective filtration, intercepting pollutants on the material surface, enhancing its anti-fouling and cleaning functionality, and extending the material's service life.

[0108] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material, characterized in that: It includes a first spunbond layer, a meltblown layer and a second spunbond layer that are sequentially laminated; the first spunbond layer is made of nonwoven polyester spunbond fiber, the meltblown layer is made of nonwoven hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber, and the second spunbond layer is made of nonwoven hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber. The hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber and the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber use hydrophilic antibacterial polyester masterbatch prepared by blending an organic antibacterial agent with hydrophilic polyester at a predetermined mass ratio. The organic antibacterial agent is N,N-dioctyldiethylenetriamine. The diameter of the polyester spunbond fiber is 10-50 μm, the average pore size of the first spunbond layer is 15-62 μm, and the thickness of the first spunbond layer is 30-100 μm. The diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fiber is 1-5 μm; the average pore size of the meltblown layer is 1-6 μm; and the thickness of the meltblown layer is 10-50 μm. The diameter of the hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fiber is 8-50 μm; the average pore size of the second spunbond layer is 13-60 μm, and the thickness of the second spunbond layer is 30-100 μm.

2. The reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophilic polyester is a polyester material whose macromolecular main chain contains hydrophilic groups or is capped by hydrophilic groups.

3. The reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The predetermined mass ratio of the organic antibacterial agent to the hydrophilic polyester is 1:10-1:

200.

4. The reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrophilic group is one or more of ether, amino, and hydroxyl groups.

5. The reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyester spunbond fiber uses one of the following polyester raw materials: polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, and polybutylene terephthalate-co-butylene terephthalate.

6. The reusable high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spunbond layer, the meltblown layer, and the second spunbond layer are composited by thermal melting and solidification.

7. A method for preparing a reusable, high-flux antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Polyester masterbatch is spun into polyester spunbond fiber through a spunbond spinning assembly; and the first spunbond layer is prepared by spunbond nonwoven web laying and hot rolling method. S2. Using the first spunbond layer as a mesh belt, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester meltblown fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a composite fiber web containing the first spunbond layer and the meltblown layer. S3. Using the composite fiber web as a mesh belt, hydrophilic antibacterial polyester spunbond fibers are spun, laid, and hot-rolled on its surface to obtain a reusable high-throughput antibacterial polyester composite nonwoven material.

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