An optimization method for urban space planning and design based on human body's tolerance to high temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses an optimization method for urban space planning and design based on human body's high temperature tolerance, and relates to the field of space planning and design. The method comprises: obtaining schemes and building models, simulating microclimate conditions through software, rasterizing simulation results and storing them in a three-dimensional structure, and calculating the highest microclimate index temperature of each spatial position in a single day; dividing and marking functional area ranges, associating and obtaining microclimate simulation results of each functional area, determining whether the proportion of areas in which the highest microclimate index temperature of each functional area exceeds the life limit temperature meets the requirements, and if the scheme is unqualified, optimizing the design until the scheme is preliminarily qualified, and if the scheme is preliminarily qualified, scoring and grade evaluation; setting standards, if all functional areas are scored up to the standard and are not rated the lowest grade, the scheme is qualified and a final score is calculated; if there are unqualified or lowest grade functional areas, optimizing the design until all functional areas are up to the standard, and calculating the final score, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of microclimate simulation in space planning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of space planning and design, and in particular to an optimization method for urban space planning and design based on human body's high temperature tolerance. Background Art

[0002] With global warming and rapid urbanization, the impact of high temperatures in cities is increasing and becoming normalized. High temperatures pose a serious threat to the quality of outdoor activities and health and safety of urban residents. Considering microclimate factors in the design of outdoor spaces can create a more comfortable urban environment and increase people's stay time and activity quality in the space. Therefore, microclimate evaluation should become an important part of urban space design to ensure the ecological benefits and sustainability of urban space planning and design.

[0003] Microclimate refers to a local climate that is different from the surrounding macroclimatic conditions due to the influence of factors such as terrain, vegetation, water bodies and buildings within a certain range. At present, a variety of microclimate simulation methods have been formed. These methods mainly include energy balance models based on physical principles, climate similarity models based on statistical methods, and data analysis models based on machine learning. However, their application is limited to scientific research in related fields and is not widely used in the fields of urban planning and landscape design. There are mainly two shortcomings: 1. Because the results of microclimate simulation are poorly readable, they are not easy to analyze and use. 2. The simulation results lack evaluation criteria and basis, and cannot be used to evaluate the pros and cons of outdoor space planning and design schemes. Therefore, there is a lack of methods that match microclimate simulation with design work in the field of urban outdoor space planning and design. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance, aiming to solve the problems of poor readability and unreliable evaluation results of microclimate simulation in the field of space planning and design in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for optimizing urban space planning and design based on human body's high temperature tolerance, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Obtain the planning and design scheme and build a model of the planning and design scheme, import the model into the simulation software, specify the microclimate index, randomly select a number of dates that meet the preset weather conditions, simulate the 24-hour microclimate conditions of the dates to obtain simulation results, rasterize the simulation results to obtain rasterized simulation results, use the rows and columns of the rasterized simulation results as spatial position numbers, use the rows, columns and time as the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively to store the three-dimensional structure to obtain the simulation result data body;

[0008] S2: Acquire the simulation result data body, and based on the simulation result data body, obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial location at the same hour on several dates, calculate the average value of the microclimate index data to obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial location per day and per hour, and obtain the maximum microclimate index temperature of each spatial location per day based on the maximum value of the microclimate index data of each spatial location;

[0009] S3: Set the functional area division standard, divide the planning and design scheme into functional areas, mark each vertex of each functional area after division, connect the vertices in sequence to form the scope of each functional area, and present the scope of each functional area on the coordinate system;

[0010] S4: spatially align the scope of each functional area with the simulation result data body in the coordinate system, associate the simulation result data body with each functional area to obtain the microclimate simulation result of each functional area; determine the highest microclimate index temperature of each spatial position in each functional area in a single day, calculate the area where the highest microclimate index temperature exceeds the life limit temperature, if the area of ​​the area exceeds the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is unqualified, if the area of ​​the area does not exceed the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is preliminarily qualified, if there is an unqualified functional area in the planning and design scheme, the planning and design scheme is unqualified, the unqualified functional area is optimized for the first time, the planning and design scheme is updated for the first time based on the first optimization design result, and return to execute steps S1-S4, if each functional area in the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, and the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is calculated based on the preliminarily qualified planning and design scheme; set the human body high temperature tolerance score evaluation standard, and perform a grade evaluation on the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area;

[0011] S5: Set a minimum standard, which is greater than or equal to the minimum level evaluation standard of the human body's high temperature tolerance score. Compare the human body's high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area according to the minimum standard. If all human body high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level, the planning and design scheme is qualified, and the final score is calculated; no processing is done on the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level. If there are functional areas in the planning and design scheme whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard, or there are functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level, a second optimization design is carried out for the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard and the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level. Based on the second optimization design, the functional areas with human body high temperature tolerance scores less than the minimum standard and the functional areas with human body high temperature tolerance scores rated as the lowest level are qualified. The planning and design scheme is updated for the second time based on the result of the second optimization design, and the process returns to step S1-S4 to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update and compare them with the minimum standard. If the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update are greater than or equal to the minimum standard, the planning and design scheme after the second update is qualified, and the final score is obtained by calculation. If there is a functional area in the planning and design scheme after the second update with a human body high temperature tolerance score less than the minimum standard, the third optimization design is performed, and the planning and design scheme is updated for the third time based on the result of the third optimization design. The process returns to step S1-S4 to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the third update, and the final score is obtained by calculation.

[0012] The principle of this method is as follows: the simulation results are rasterized, and the simulation result data body is stored in a three-dimensional structure with rows, columns and time as the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively, the microclimate data and urban space are clearly associated, and the spatial distribution of the microclimate is clearer, more intuitive and easier to locate; the functional areas are divided according to the metabolic intensity of human activities, and the influence of the body's own metabolic heat production on the body's heat load is considered, which can reduce the negative impact of environmental factors on the body and improve the body's comfort; the scope of each functional area is spatially registered with the simulation result data body in the coordinate system, so that the spatial position of the functional area scope and the simulation result data body in the coordinate system is accurately aligned, and the microclimate simulation result of each functional area is obtained by associating the functional area with the simulation result data body; the highest microclimate index temperature of each functional area is determined, and the area occupied by the highest microclimate index temperature exceeds the life limit temperature. If the area occupied by the area exceeds the specified proportion of the functional area area, the functional area is unqualified; if the area occupied by the area does not exceed the specified proportion of the functional area area, the functional area is preliminarily qualified; if there is a problem in the planning and design scheme, the functional area is initially qualified. If the functional area is unqualified, the planning and design scheme is unqualified, and the unqualified functional area is optimized for the first time. The planning and design scheme is updated for the first time based on the first optimization design result, and the steps S1-S4 are returned to execute. If all functional areas in the planning and design scheme are preliminarily qualified, the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified. Based on the preliminarily qualified planning and design scheme, the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is calculated and graded. By planning the area where the highest microclimate index temperature exceeds the life limit temperature, the impact of high temperature on human health can be reduced, and at the same time, the dependence on high-energy consumption equipment such as air conditioners can be reduced to reduce costs; set a minimum standard, and by setting the minimum standard, ensure that the microclimate conditions of each functional area meet the requirements, compare the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area according to the minimum standard, and by comparing the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area, the hidden dangers in the planning and design scheme can be discovered more quickly, and the quality of the scheme can be improved in a targeted manner; if the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is greater than or equal to the minimum standard and is not rated at the lowest level, the scheme is qualified and the final score is calculated.If there are functional areas in the planning and design scheme whose human high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard, or there are functional areas whose human high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level, a second optimization design will be carried out for the functional areas corresponding to the scores less than the minimum standard and the functional areas corresponding to the scores rated as the lowest level. After updating the planning and design scheme, the human high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area will be calculated. The minimum standard is greater than or equal to the lowest level evaluation standard of the human high temperature tolerance scores, which can avoid the situation where the human high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area after the second optimization are greater than the minimum standard but obtain the lowest level. The minimum standards are compared again. If the human high temperature tolerance scores of all functional areas in the planning and design scheme after the second update are greater than or equal to the minimum standard, the planning and design scheme after the second update is qualified and the final score is calculated; if there are functional areas in the planning and design scheme after the second update whose human high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard, a third optimization design will be carried out and updated again to ensure that the microclimate conditions of each functional area meet the requirements, ensure that the scheme meets the microclimate requirements, and calculate the final score.

[0013] Furthermore, the microclimate index includes any one of the wet-bulb globe temperature, physiological equivalent temperature and general thermal climate index. Selecting appropriate microclimate indexes according to the city's climatic conditions and natural environment, as well as the goals and needs of the planning and design scheme, can make urban space planning and design more adapted to the local natural environment and climatic conditions, and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of the design.

[0014] Furthermore, step S2 also includes: obtaining microclimate index data of the same hour on several dates, and calculating the average value of the microclimate index data to obtain the microclimate index data of the planning and design scheme for each hour of a single day in summer. This can comprehensively reflect the microclimate characteristics of the city in summer and accurately understand the microclimate performance of the planning and design scheme in summer.

[0015] Furthermore, the functional area division standard is set in the following way: using different metabolic intensities of human activities as the dividing line, various daily activities are divided into several levels and the functional areas are matched to the corresponding metabolic activity areas in sequence. If the functional area carries multiple daily activities, the daily activities with the highest metabolic intensity of human activities are used as the functional area to match the metabolic activity area level. Setting the functional area division standard takes into account the impact of the body's own metabolic heat production on the body's heat load, which can reduce the negative impact of environmental factors on the body and improve the body's comfort. When the functional area carries multiple daily activities, the daily activities with the highest metabolic intensity of human activities are used as the functional area to match the metabolic activity area level, ensuring that the design of the functional area can meet the needs of the activities with the highest metabolic intensity of human activities.

[0016] Furthermore, the designated proportion of the functional area is determined according to the microclimate index, and the life limit temperature is determined according to the microclimate index and the metabolic activity zone level of the functional area. Different microclimate indicators have different effects on human health and comfort, and functional areas of different metabolic activity zone levels have different corresponding environmental standards. When the microclimate index is modified, the designated proportion of the functional area will also change. When the microclimate index or the metabolic activity zone level of the functional area is modified, the life limit temperature will also change. By adjusting the designated proportion and the maximum human limit temperature of the microclimate index and the metabolic activity zone level of the functional area, the pertinence of urban space planning and design is improved.

[0017] Furthermore, the calculation method of the human body's high temperature tolerance score is:

[0018] Among them, S area is the human body's high temperature tolerance score, n is the time when the functional area starts to be used in a day, k is the time when the functional area ends to be used in a day, T use is the duration of the functional area’s usage period, LV m It is the metabolic activity level of the functional area, MC n It is the average microclimate index temperature at the nth hour. By quantifying the human body's heat tolerance score, subjective assumptions and vague evaluations are avoided. The calculation method of the human body's heat tolerance score takes into account the factors of time and metabolic intensity. Based on the fitting of a large number of outdoor experimental results, the calculation method of the human body's heat tolerance score is accurate, clear and easy to calculate, making the evaluation results more accurate and reliable.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific steps of the first optimization design include: marking unqualified functional areas with identification marks, and taking isolation measures for the functional areas with identification marks. By taking isolation measures for unqualified functional areas, human health can be protected to the greatest extent, and health problems caused by environmental factors can be avoided.

[0020] Furthermore, the final score is calculated as follows:

[0021] Among them, S total For the final score of the planning and design scheme, S areaa is the human body high temperature tolerance score for the ath functional zone, A areaa is the area of ​​the ath functional area, A total is the total area of ​​all functional areas in the planning and design scheme, and b is the total number of functional areas in the planning and design scheme. Based on the weighted average method, the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is multiplied by the area ratio of the functional area in the planning and design scheme, and the final score of the planning and design scheme is obtained by summing up, ensuring the fairness and rationality of the score.

[0022] Furthermore, the specific steps of performing the second optimization design include:

[0023] The functional area corresponding to the lowest level of human body heat tolerance score shall be marked with a first-level mark, the functional area corresponding to the human body heat tolerance score lower than the minimum standard shall be marked with a second-level mark, and the functional area corresponding to the lowest level and lower than the minimum standard shall be marked with a first-level mark;

[0024] Cooling measures are taken for functional areas marked with secondary signs, and at least two cooling measures are taken for functional areas marked with primary signs. Using different signs to mark functional areas of different degrees enables planners to quickly distinguish functional areas of different degrees and take different cooling measures for functional areas marked with different signs, which improves the efficiency and pertinence of the optimization design, while avoiding waste of resources and minimizing the change in the spatial distribution of the design scheme.

[0025] Furthermore, the specific steps of the third optimization design include: using identification to mark the functional areas corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance score less than the minimum standard in the second updated planning and design scheme, calculating the area of ​​each functional area in the second updated planning and design scheme, and planning the functional areas marked with identification to the functional areas corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance score greater than the minimum standard in the second updated planning and design scheme while keeping the area unchanged. Using different marking methods can enable planners to accurately identify the functional areas that need to be optimized, and plan the functional areas marked with identification to the functional areas corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance score greater than the minimum standard in the second updated planning and design scheme while keeping the area unchanged, so as to maintain the original planning layout, avoid damaging other functional areas, and obtain qualified planning and design schemes.

[0026] One or more technical solutions provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0027] The simulation results are rasterized, and the simulation result data body is stored in a three-dimensional structure with rows, columns and time as the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively. The microclimate data and urban space are clearly associated, and the spatial distribution of the microclimate is clearer, more intuitive and easier to locate. The functional area division takes into account the impact of the body's own metabolic heat production on the body's heat load, thereby improving the body's comfort. The scope of each functional area is spatially registered with the simulation result data body in the coordinate system, so that the spatial position of the functional area scope and the simulation result data body in the coordinate system is accurately aligned. The microclimate simulation results of each functional area are obtained by associating the functional area with the simulation result data body. By planning the area where the highest microclimate index temperature exceeds the life limit temperature, the impact of high temperature on human health can be reduced, while reducing dependence on high-energy consumption equipment such as air conditioners and reducing costs. Setting minimum standards, by setting minimum standards, ensure that the microclimate conditions of each functional area meet the needs. By comparing the human high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area according to the minimum standards, hidden dangers in the planning and design scheme can be discovered more quickly, and the quality of the scheme can be improved in a targeted manner.

[0028] By quantifying the human body's high temperature tolerance score, subjective assumptions and vague evaluations are avoided. The calculation method of the human body's high temperature tolerance score takes into account factors such as time and metabolic intensity. Based on the fitting of a large number of outdoor experimental results, the calculation method of the human body's high temperature tolerance score is accurate, clear and easy to calculate, making the evaluation results more accurate and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an optimization method for urban space planning and design based on human body's high temperature tolerance in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a module schematic diagram of an urban space planning and design optimization system based on human body's high temperature tolerance in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the third optimization design in an embodiment of an urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those within the scope of this description. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Example

[0036] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides an urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance, the method comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1: Obtain the planning and design scheme and build a model of the planning and design scheme, import the model into the simulation software, specify the microclimate index, randomly select a number of dates that meet the preset weather conditions, simulate the 24-hour microclimate conditions of the dates to obtain simulation results, rasterize the simulation results to obtain rasterized simulation results, use the rows and columns of the rasterized simulation results as spatial position numbers, use the rows, columns and time as the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively to store the three-dimensional structure to obtain the simulation result data body;

[0038] S2: Acquire the simulation result data body, and based on the simulation result data body, obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial location at the same hour on several dates, calculate the average value of the microclimate index data to obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial location per day and per hour, and obtain the maximum microclimate index temperature of each spatial location per day based on the maximum value of the microclimate index data of each spatial location;

[0039] S3: Set the functional area division standard, divide the planning and design scheme into functional areas, mark each vertex of each functional area after division, connect the vertices in sequence to form the scope of each functional area, and present the scope of each functional area on the coordinate system;

[0040] S4: spatially align the scope of each functional area with the simulation result data body in the coordinate system, associate the simulation result data body with each functional area to obtain the microclimate simulation result of each functional area; determine the highest microclimate index temperature of each spatial position in each functional area on a single day, calculate the area where the highest microclimate index temperature exceeds the life limit temperature, if the area of ​​the area exceeds the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is unqualified, if the area of ​​the area does not exceed the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is preliminarily qualified, if there is an unqualified functional area in the planning and design scheme, the planning and design scheme is unqualified, the unqualified functional area is optimized for the first time, the planning and design scheme is updated for the first time based on the first optimization design result, and return to execute steps S1-S4, if each functional area in the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, and the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is calculated based on the preliminarily qualified planning and design scheme; set the human body high temperature tolerance score evaluation standard, and perform a grade evaluation on the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area;

[0041] S5: Set a minimum standard, which is greater than or equal to the minimum level evaluation standard of the human body's high temperature tolerance score. Compare the human body's high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area according to the minimum standard. If all human body high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level, the planning and design scheme is qualified, and the final score is calculated; no processing is done on the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level. If there are functional areas in the planning and design scheme whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard, or there are functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level, a second optimization design is carried out for the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard and the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level. Based on the second optimization design, the functional areas with human body high temperature tolerance scores less than the minimum standard and the functional areas with human body high temperature tolerance scores rated as the lowest level are qualified. The planning and design scheme is updated for the second time based on the result of the second optimization design, and the process returns to step S1-S4 to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update and compare them with the minimum standard. If the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update are greater than or equal to the minimum standard, the planning and design scheme after the second update is qualified, and the final score is obtained by calculation. If there is a functional area in the planning and design scheme after the second update with a human body high temperature tolerance score less than the minimum standard, the third optimization design is performed, and the planning and design scheme is updated for the third time based on the result of the third optimization design. The process returns to step S1-S4 to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the third update, and the final score is obtained by calculation.

[0042] In the above embodiment, S1: obtain the planning and design scheme and construct a model of the planning and design scheme, import the model into the simulation software, randomly select 5 dates that meet the preset weather conditions and simulate the 24-hour microclimate conditions to obtain simulation results; the preset weather condition can be a daily maximum temperature exceeding 30 degrees Celsius, which is helpful to more accurately simulate and analyze the microclimate conditions under hot weather, and the microclimate index can be a general thermal climate index. The simulation results can be rasterized according to a 2m*2m grid to obtain a rasterized simulation result, and the rows and columns of the rasterized simulation results are used as spatial position numbers, and the rows, columns and time are used as the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively. The simulation result data body is stored in a three-dimensional structure; S2: the simulation result data body is processed to obtain the universal thermal climate index data of each spatial position at the same hour on several dates, and the universal thermal climate index data is averaged to obtain the universal thermal climate index data of each spatial position per day and per hour, and the maximum universal thermal climate index temperature of each spatial position per day is obtained based on the maximum value of the universal thermal climate index data of each spatial position; S3: the functional area division standard is set, and the planning and design scheme is divided into functional areas. After the division, each vertex of each functional area is marked, and the vertices are connected in sequence to form the range of each functional area, and each functional area is divided into The range of the energy zone is presented on the coordinate system; the vertices are the boundary points of the functional zones; S4: spatially align the range of each functional zone with the simulation result data body in the coordinate system, so that the spatial positions of the functional zone range and the simulation result data body in the coordinate system are accurately aligned, and the simulation result data body is associated with each functional zone to obtain the microclimate simulation results of each functional zone; the highest daily universal thermal climate index temperature of each spatial position in each functional zone is determined, and the area occupied by the highest universal thermal climate index temperature exceeding the life limit temperature is calculated. If the area occupied by the area exceeds the specified proportion of the functional zone area, the specified proportion can be 20%, then the functional zone is unqualified, If the area of ​​the region does not exceed 20% of the area of ​​the functional area, the functional area is preliminarily qualified. If there are unqualified functional areas in the planning and design scheme, the planning and design scheme is unqualified, and the unqualified functional areas are optimized for the first time. The planning and design scheme is updated for the first time based on the first optimization design results, and the execution of steps S1-S4 is returned. If all functional areas in the planning and design scheme are preliminarily qualified, the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified. Based on the preliminarily qualified planning and design scheme, the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is calculated; the human body high temperature tolerance score evaluation standard is set, and the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is graded and evaluated;S5: Set a minimum standard. Set the minimum standard according to the positioning of the functional area. The minimum standard is greater than or equal to the minimum level evaluation standard of the human body's high temperature tolerance score. The minimum standard for the functional area positioned as a high-quality space is 80 points, and the minimum standard for the functional area positioned as a general activity space is 70 points. Compare the human body's high temperature tolerance scores of various functional areas according to the minimum standard. If the human body's high temperature tolerance scores of all functional areas are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level, the planning and design scheme is qualified, and the final score is calculated; no processing is performed on the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level. If there are functional areas in the planning and design scheme whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard, or there are functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level, the functional areas and human body high temperature tolerance scores that are less than the minimum standard will be processed. The functional area corresponding to the lowest level of human stress score is optimized for the second time, and the planning and design scheme is updated for the second time based on the result of the second optimization design. The steps S1-S4 are returned to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the second updated planning and design scheme and compared with the minimum standard. If the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the second updated planning and design scheme are greater than or equal to the minimum standard, the second updated planning and design scheme is qualified, and the final score is calculated. If there is a functional area in the second updated planning and design scheme with a human body high temperature tolerance score less than the minimum standard, the third optimization design is carried out, and the planning and design scheme is updated for the third time based on the result of the third optimization design. The steps S1-S4 are returned to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the third updated planning and design scheme, and the final score is calculated. ;

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the microclimate index includes any one of the wet-bulb globe temperature, the physiological equivalent temperature and the universal thermal climate index.

[0044] In the above embodiment, appropriate microclimate indicators are selected according to the city's climatic conditions and natural environment, as well as the goals and needs of the planning and design scheme. If the city is located in a hot and humid area, the selected indicator may be the wet-bulb globe temperature; if the city is located in an area with a milder climate, the selected indicator may be the physiological equivalent temperature. This can make urban space planning and design more adaptable to the local natural environment and climatic conditions, and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of the design.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S2 further includes: obtaining microclimate index data of the same hour on several dates, and calculating the average value of the microclimate index data to obtain the microclimate index data of each hour of a single day in summer for the planning and design scheme.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the microclimate index data of the same hour on 5 dates are obtained and the average value is calculated to obtain the microclimate index data of the planning and design scheme for each hour of a single day in summer, which can comprehensively reflect the microclimate characteristics of the city in summer and accurately understand the microclimate performance of the planning and design scheme in summer.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional area division standard is set as follows: various daily activities are divided into several levels based on different metabolic intensities of human activities, and the functional areas are matched to corresponding levels of metabolic activity areas in turn. If a functional area carries multiple daily activities, the daily activity with the highest value of metabolic intensity of human activities is used as the functional area to match the metabolic activity area level.

[0048] In the above embodiment, daily activities can be divided into four levels according to the metabolic intensity of human activities of 200W, 300W and 400W as the dividing line, and the functional areas can be matched into LV1, LV2, LV3 and LV4 level metabolic activity areas. When the functional area carries multiple levels of daily activities, for example, carrying two different levels of daily activities of badminton and fishing at the same time, badminton is used as the functional area to match the corresponding level metabolic activity area; the rules for dividing the daily activity levels are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the designated proportion of the functional zone area is determined according to a microclimate index, and the life limit temperature is determined according to the microclimate index and the metabolic activity zone level of the functional zone.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the designated microclimate index can be a universal thermal climate index, the designated proportion of the functional area is 20%, the life limit temperature is the limit universal thermal climate index temperature that the human body can withstand, the life limit temperature in the L1 and L2 functional areas is 46 degrees Celsius, and the life limit temperature in the L3 and L4 functional areas is 38 degrees Celsius; by adjusting the microclimate index and the designated proportion and the maximum human body limit temperature at the functional area metabolic activity area level, the pertinence of urban space planning and design is improved.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the human body high temperature tolerance score is calculated as follows:

[0054] Among them, S area is the human body's high temperature tolerance score, n is the time when the functional area starts to be used in a day, k is the time when the functional area ends to be used in a day, T use is the duration of the functional area’s usage period, LV m It is the metabolic activity level of the functional area, MC nis the average microclimate indicator temperature at the nth hour.

[0055] In the above embodiment, MC n The method of obtaining is: superimposing the microclimate index temperatures of all spatial positions of the functional area every hour during the use period to obtain the overall microclimate index temperature of the functional area, and dividing the overall microclimate index temperature of the functional area by the number of spatial positions to obtain the average microclimate index temperature of the functional area every hour during the use period. By quantifying the human body's high temperature tolerance score, subjective assumptions and fuzzy evaluations are avoided. The calculation method of the human body's high temperature tolerance score takes into account the factors of time and metabolic intensity. Based on the fitting of a large number of outdoor experimental results, the calculation method of the human body's high temperature tolerance score is accurate, clear and easy to calculate, making the evaluation results more accurate and reliable.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific steps of performing the first optimization design include: applying identification marks to unqualified functional areas, and taking isolation measures for the functional areas with identification marks.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the identification mark can be a text mark, which is marked as an ultra-high risk area. By taking isolation measures for unqualified functional areas, the isolation measures can be to adjust the area where the highest microclimate index temperature in the unqualified functional area exceeds the life limit temperature to a pedestrian-inaccessible area such as a hedge, an ornamental pool, etc. This can protect human health to the greatest extent and avoid health problems caused by environmental factors.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the human body high temperature tolerance score evaluation standard is set in such a way that the human body high temperature tolerance score is divided into several levels with different scores as dividing lines.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the dividing lines can be 60, 70, 80 and 90. A human body high temperature tolerance score of less than 60 points is considered unqualified, a human body high temperature tolerance score of 60-69 points is considered qualified, a human body high temperature tolerance score of 70-79 points is considered medium, a human body high temperature tolerance score of 80-89 points is considered good, and a human body high temperature tolerance score of greater than or equal to 90 points is considered excellent. The human body high temperature tolerance score is divided into 5 levels, so that planners can quickly identify functional areas with excellent microclimate performance and those that need improvement.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the final score is calculated as follows:

[0061] Among them, S total For the final score of the planning and design scheme, S areaa A is the human body's high temperature tolerance score for the ath functional area. areaa is the area of ​​the ath functional area, Atotal is the total area of ​​all functional areas in the planning and design scheme, and b is the total number of functional areas in the planning and design scheme.

[0062] In the above embodiment, based on the weighted average method, the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is multiplied by the area ratio of the functional area in the planning and design scheme, and the final score of the planning and design scheme is obtained by summing up, thereby ensuring the fairness and rationality of the score.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific steps of performing the second optimization design include:

[0064] The functional area corresponding to the lowest level of human body heat tolerance score shall be marked with a first-level mark, the functional area corresponding to the human body heat tolerance score lower than the minimum standard shall be marked with a second-level mark, and the functional area corresponding to the lowest level and lower than the minimum standard shall be marked with a first-level mark;

[0065] Take cooling measures for functional areas marked with secondary signs, and take at least two cooling measures for functional areas marked with primary signs.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the first-level mark can be marked in red, the second-level mark can be marked in yellow, and the cooling measures can be adding vegetation, shading facilities or spray cooling measures; using different marks to mark functional areas of different degrees can enable planners to quickly distinguish functional areas of different degrees, and take different cooling measures for functional areas marked by different marks, thereby improving the efficiency and pertinence of the optimization design, while avoiding waste of resources and maximizing the possibility of not changing the spatial distribution of the design scheme.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific steps for performing the third optimization design include: using an identifier to mark the functional areas corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance scores less than the minimum standard in the planning and design scheme after the second update, calculating the areas of each functional area in the planning and design scheme after the second update, and planning the functional areas marked with the identifier to the functional areas corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance scores greater than the minimum standard in the planning and design scheme after the second update while keeping the areas unchanged.

[0068] In the above embodiment, referring to Figure 3, the identification mark can be a text mark, and the mark is a non-compliant area. By calculating the area of ​​each functional area in the second updated planning and design scheme, the functional area marked as a non-compliant area will be planned to the functional area corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance score greater than the minimum standard in the second updated planning and design scheme while keeping the area unchanged. Using different marking methods can enable planners to accurately identify the functional areas that need to be optimized, and plan the functional areas marked with identification marks to the functional areas corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance score greater than or equal to the minimum standard in the second updated planning and design scheme while keeping the area unchanged. The original planning layout can be maintained, and damage to other functional areas can be avoided. It can ensure that the non-compliant areas are completely eliminated and a qualified planning and design scheme is obtained.

[0069] Reference Figure 2 This embodiment provides an urban space planning and design optimization system based on human body's high temperature tolerance, the system comprising:

[0070] Simulation and storage module: used to obtain the planning and design scheme and build a model of the planning and design scheme, import the model into the simulation software, specify the microclimate index, randomly select a number of dates that meet the preset weather conditions, simulate the 24-hour microclimate conditions of a number of dates to obtain simulation results, rasterize the simulation results to obtain rasterized simulation results, use the rows and columns of the rasterized simulation results as the spatial position number, use the rows, columns and time as the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively to store the three-dimensional structure to obtain the simulation result data body;

[0071] Data processing module: used to obtain the simulation result data body, based on the simulation result data body, obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial location at the same hour on several dates, calculate the average value of the microclimate index data to obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial location per day and per hour, and obtain the maximum microclimate index temperature of each spatial location per day based on the maximum value of the microclimate index data of each spatial location;

[0072] Division module: used to obtain the planning and design scheme in the simulation and storage module, set the functional area division standard, divide the planning and design scheme into functional areas, mark each vertex of each functional area after division, connect the vertices in sequence to form the scope of each functional area, and present the scope of each functional area on the coordinate system;

[0073] Evaluation module: used to obtain the simulation result data body and the range of each functional area, spatially align the range of each functional area with the simulation result data body in the coordinate system, associate the simulation result data body with each functional area to obtain the microclimate simulation result of each functional area; determine the highest microclimate index temperature of each spatial position in each functional area in a single day, calculate the area where the highest microclimate index temperature exceeds the life limit temperature, if the area of ​​the area exceeds the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is unqualified, if the area of ​​the area does not exceed the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is preliminarily qualified, if there is an unqualified functional area in the planning and design scheme, the planning and design scheme is unqualified, the unqualified functional area is optimized for the first time, the planning and design scheme is updated for the first time based on the first optimization design result, and sent to the simulation and storage module, if each functional area in the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, and the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is calculated based on the preliminarily qualified planning and design scheme; set the human body high temperature tolerance score evaluation standard, and perform a grade evaluation on the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area;

[0074] Optimization module: used to obtain planning and design schemes with preliminary qualification of functional areas and the human body high temperature tolerance scores and corresponding grades of each functional area, set the minimum standard, the minimum standard is greater than or equal to the minimum grade evaluation standard of the human body high temperature tolerance score, compare the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area according to the minimum standard, if the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest grade, then the planning and design scheme is qualified, and the final score is calculated; the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest grade will not be processed. If there are functional areas in the planning and design scheme whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard, or there are functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest grade, then the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard and whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest grade will be processed. The functional areas corresponding to the level are optimized for the second time, and the planning and design scheme is updated for the second time based on the results of the second optimization design, and sent to the simulation and storage module to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update and compare them with the minimum standard. If the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update are greater than or equal to the minimum standard, the planning and design scheme after the second update is qualified, and the final score is calculated. If there is a functional area in the planning and design scheme after the second update with a human body high temperature tolerance score less than the minimum standard, a third optimization design is carried out, and the planning and design scheme is updated for the third time based on the results of the third optimization design, and sent to the simulation and storage module to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the third update, and the final score is calculated.

[0075] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0076] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing urban space planning and design based on human body's high temperature tolerance, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: Obtain a planning and design scheme and construct a model of the planning and design scheme, import the model into simulation software, specify microclimate indicators, randomly select a number of dates that meet preset weather conditions, simulate the 24-hour microclimate conditions of the dates to obtain simulation results, rasterize the simulation results to obtain rasterized simulation results, use the rows and columns of the rasterized simulation results as spatial position numbers, use the rows, columns and time as x-axis, y-axis and z-axis respectively to perform three-dimensional structure storage to obtain a simulation result data body; S2: Obtain the simulation result data body, and based on the simulation result data body, obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial position at the same hour on several dates, calculate the average value of the microclimate index data to obtain the microclimate index data of each spatial position per hour on a single day, and obtain the maximum microclimate index temperature of each spatial position per day based on the maximum value of the microclimate index data of each spatial position; S3: setting a functional area division standard, dividing the planning and design scheme into functional areas, marking each vertex of each functional area after division, connecting the vertices in sequence to form the range of each functional area, and presenting the range of each functional area on a coordinate system; S4: spatially align the range of each functional area with the simulation result data body in the coordinate system, associate the simulation result data body with each functional area to obtain the microclimate simulation result of each functional area; determine the highest microclimate index temperature of each spatial position in each functional area in a single day, calculate the area occupied by the area where the highest microclimate index temperature exceeds the life limit temperature, if the area occupied by the area exceeds the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is unqualified, if the area occupied by the area does not exceed the specified proportion of the functional area, the functional area is preliminarily qualified, if there is an unqualified functional area in the planning and design scheme, the planning and design scheme is unqualified, the unqualified functional area is optimized for the first time, the planning and design scheme is updated for the first time based on the first optimization design result, and return to execute steps S1-S4, if each functional area in the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, the planning and design scheme is preliminarily qualified, and the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area is calculated based on the preliminarily qualified planning and design scheme; set the human body high temperature tolerance score evaluation standard, and perform a grade evaluation on the human body high temperature tolerance score of each functional area; S5: Set a minimum standard, which is greater than or equal to the minimum level evaluation standard of the human body's high temperature tolerance score. Compare the human body's high temperature tolerance scores of various functional areas according to the minimum standard. If all the human body's high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level, the planning and design scheme is qualified, and the final score is calculated; the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are greater than or equal to the minimum standard and are not rated as the lowest level will not be processed. If there are functional areas in the planning and design scheme whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard, or there are functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level, a second optimization design will be carried out for the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are less than the minimum standard and the functional areas whose human body high temperature tolerance scores are rated as the lowest level. The planning and design scheme is updated for the second time based on the second optimization design result, and the steps S1-S4 are returned to be executed to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update and compare them with the minimum standard. If the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the second update are all greater than or equal to the minimum standard, the planning and design scheme after the second update is qualified, and a final score is obtained by calculation. If there is a functional area in the planning and design scheme after the second update with a human body high temperature tolerance score less than the minimum standard, a third optimization design is performed, and the planning and design scheme is updated for the third time based on the third optimization design result, and the steps S1-S4 are returned to be executed to obtain the human body high temperature tolerance scores of each functional area of ​​the planning and design scheme after the third update, and a final score is obtained by calculation.

2. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microclimate index includes any one of the wet-bulb globe temperature, the physiological equivalent temperature and the general thermal climate index.

3. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 also includes: obtaining a plurality of microclimate index data at the same hour on the date, and calculating the average value of the microclimate index data to obtain the microclimate index data of each hour of a single day in summer for the planning and design scheme.

4. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The functional area division standard is set as follows: using different metabolic intensities of human activities as dividing lines, various daily activities are divided into several levels and the functional areas are matched in turn to corresponding levels of metabolic activity areas. If a functional area carries multiple daily activities, the daily activity with the highest value of the metabolic intensity of human activities is used as the metabolic activity area level for matching the functional area.

5. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The designated proportion of the functional zone area is determined according to a microclimate index, and the life limit temperature is determined according to the microclimate index and the metabolic activity zone level of the functional zone.

6. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation method of the human body high temperature tolerance score is: Among them, S area is the human body's high temperature tolerance score, n is the time when the functional area starts to be used in a day, k is the time when the functional area ends to be used in a day, T use is the duration of the functional area’s usage period, LV m It is the metabolic activity level of the functional area, MC n is the average microclimate indicator temperature at the nth hour.

7. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific steps of the first optimization design include: marking unqualified functional areas with identification marks, and taking isolation measures for functional areas with identification marks.

8. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The final score is calculated as follows: Among them, S total For the final score of the planning and design scheme, S areaa is the human body high temperature tolerance score for the ath functional zone, A areaa is the area of ​​the ath functional area, A total is the total area of ​​all functional areas in the planning and design scheme, and b is the total number of functional areas in the planning and design scheme.

9. The method for optimizing urban space planning and design based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for the second optimization design include: A first-level identification mark is used for the functional area corresponding to the lowest level of the human body high temperature tolerance score, a second-level identification mark is used for the functional area corresponding to the human body high temperature tolerance score less than the minimum standard, and a first-level identification mark is used for the functional area corresponding to the lowest level and less than the minimum standard of the human body high temperature tolerance score; Take cooling measures for functional areas marked with secondary signs, and take at least two cooling measures for functional areas marked with primary signs.

10. The urban space planning and design optimization method based on human body's high temperature tolerance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for performing the third optimization design include: using an identifier to mark the functional area corresponding to the minimum standard in the planning and design scheme after the second update in which the human body high temperature tolerance score is less than the minimum standard, calculating the area of ​​each functional area in the planning and design scheme after the second update, and planning the functional area marked with the identifier to the functional area corresponding to the minimum standard in the planning and design scheme after the second update in which the human body high temperature tolerance score is greater than or equal to the minimum standard while keeping the area unchanged.

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