Electric device for grafting seedlings and working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a seedling grafting electric device and a working method thereof, which comprises a horizontal cutting mechanism, a vertical cutting mechanism and a seedling placing mechanism, wherein the horizontal cutting mechanism is composed of a horizontal cutting bottom plate, a groove cam, a shearing cam, a bearing fixing sheet, a sliding fixing, a linkage key, a sharp side of scissors, a side of scissors, a variable-diameter handle, a striker, a supporting column and a linkage key and a scissors opening connector; the vertical cutting mechanism is composed of a single gear supporting sheet, a double gear supporting sheet, a crank, a connecting rod, a motor rack, a motor rack groove, a large gear, a large synchronous pulley, a single gear radial fixing sheet, a synchronous belt, a vertical cutting bottom plate, a small synchronous pulley, a pinion, a double gear radial fixing sheet, a knife rack, a knife rack groove, a sliding rail, a front pressing rod, a dovetail groove, a blade and a floating head; and the seedling placing mechanism comprises a clamping rod, a clamping base, a clamping bottom sheet, a clamping top rod and a clamping blocking sheet. The application can reduce the labor intensity and skill requirement of workers, improve the work efficiency, is cheap, easy to maintain, compact in structure and strong in portability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of automatic grafting of herbaceous and woody plants, and particularly relates to a seedling grafting electric device and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the grafting process, the process is divided into five steps (as shown in Figure 1 (1) horizontal cutting: cutting off the upper branches, and requiring a flat cutting surface; (2) vertical cutting: cutting a layer of skin on the upper end of the stock, and the cutting surface being perpendicular to the end surface; (3) putting the scion: putting the scion into the cut of the stock, and aligning; (4) bandaging: banding the grafting part with plastic film; and (5) bagging: bagging with a plastic bag for moisture retention.

[0003] At present, most of the seedling grafting at home and abroad is still mainly manual, and there are problems of high labor intensity of workers, low grafting efficiency, lack of grafting technical personnel, and high labor cost.

[0004] The automatic grafting machines developed at home and abroad can only complete the grafting between herbaceous and herbaceous plants, and large grafting machines are used to achieve the grafting purpose; the automatic grafting machines have problems of not being easy to carry, being inconvenient for field work, and high cost.

[0005] Therefore, there is a large gap in the research on automatic grafting equipment of herbaceous and woody plants at home and abroad. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, the application provides a seedling grafting electric device and a working method thereof, which can not only significantly reduce the labor intensity of workers, greatly improve the work efficiency, and significantly reduce the skill requirement of workers, but also has a low equipment price, is easy to maintain, has a compact device structure, and is strong in portability.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: a seedling grafting electric device, which comprises a horizontal cutting mechanism, a vertical cutting mechanism and a seedling putting mechanism,

[0008] The horizontal cutting mechanism is composed of a horizontal cutting bottom plate, a groove cam, a shearing cam, a bearing fixing sheet, a sliding fixing, a linkage key, a sharp side of scissors, a side of scissors, a variable-diameter handle, a striker, a support column, and a linkage key and a scissors opening connector; wherein the striker and the horizontal cutting bottom plate are connected by a compression spring, the variable-diameter handle and the horizontal cutting bottom plate are connected by a light shaft screw, and the support column and the protrusion above the sharp side of the scissors are connected by a compression spring, so that the scissors have a tendency to open;

[0009] The longitudinal cutting mechanism consists of a single-gear support plate, a double-gear support plate, a crank, a connecting rod, a motor rack, a motor rack groove, a large gear, a large synchronous belt pulley, a single-gear radial fixing plate, a synchronous belt, a longitudinal cutting base plate, a small synchronous belt pulley, a pinion, a double-gear radial fixing plate, a blade rack, a blade rack groove, a blade connector, a slide rail, a front pressure rod, a dovetail groove, a blade, a striking plate, and a floating head. A shaft extends from the side of the blade connector and inserts into a hole in the front pressure rod, with a clearance fit between the hole and the shaft. One side of the floating head is a slider connected to the dovetail groove, and the other side is connected to the front pressure rod via a shaft screw, allowing the front pressure rod to move up and down, thereby achieving the lateral bending angle of the blade.

[0010] The seedling release mechanism includes a clamping rod, a clamping base, a clamping bottom plate, a clamping top rod, and a clamping baffle plate; wherein the clamping rod is connected to the double gear support plate by a tension spring, so that the clamping rod has a downward tendency.

[0011] Preferably, the sharp side of the scissors and the scissor guard side are connected by rivets and bearings to ensure smooth opening and closing of the scissors; the linkage key is connected to the scissor opening connector and the scissor guard side by screws, and the scissor opening connector is connected to the interactive fixing by a dovetail groove, so that the linkage key and the scissor guard side can slide simultaneously.

[0012] Preferably, both the shearing cam and the grooved cam are connected to the main shaft via keyways; a cylindrical protrusion below the linkage key slides in the groove of the grooved cam, so that the rotation of the grooved cam is converted into the forward and backward movement of the linkage key.

[0013] Preferably, the crank and the main shaft are connected by a key, and the crank and the connecting rod are connected by a smooth shaft screw. At the same time, the hole at one end of the connecting rod is fitted onto the protruding shaft on the motor rack. The dovetail groove at the rear of the motor rack is engaged in the motor rack groove, and the dovetail groove on the side of the cutter rack is connected to the cutter rack groove.

[0014] Preferably, the large gear and the large synchronous pulley are stacked together and rotate around the axis, and are pressed onto the longitudinally cut base plate by a single gear radial fixing plate. The small gear and the small synchronous pulley are stacked together and rotate around the gear shaft, and are pressed onto the longitudinally cut base plate by a double gear radial fixing plate. The large synchronous pulley and the small synchronous pulley are driven by a synchronous belt.

[0015] Preferably, the slide rail is welded to the longitudinally cut base plate; the dovetail groove and the toothed rack are connected by threads.

[0016] Preferably, a bearing is fitted above the floating head to facilitate sliding in the slide rail.

[0017] Preferably, the longitudinal cutting base plate is threadedly connected to the transverse cutting base plate via a single-gear support plate and a double-gear support plate.

[0018] Preferably, the clamping base plate and the clamping baffle are connected by an optical axis screw, and the clamping base plate is provided with a slot, so that the clamping baffle can only rotate in one direction; the clamping base is fixed to the clamping base plate by screws, and the clamping base plate is connected to the double gear support plate by threads; the clamping baffle plate and the clamping base plate are connected by an optical axis screw; one end of the clamping top rod is connected to the clamping rod by an optical axis screw, and the other end slides in the groove of the clamping base plate.

[0019] A method for operating an electric grafting device for seedlings: First, rotating the variable-diameter handle pushes the impact pin to clamp the branch used as the grafting carrier. After pressing the switch, the motor drives the groove cam and the shearing cam to rotate through the main shaft, and the cross-cutting mechanism moves forward. During the forward movement, the shearing cam idles. Then, when it reaches the designated position, although the groove cam is still rotating, the cross-cutting mechanism stops moving, and the shearing cam contacts the sharp side of the shears, completing the cross-cutting process. Afterward, the groove cam continues to rotate, driving the cross-cutting mechanism to retreat to the initial position. At the same time, the main shaft drives the blade rack forward to cut the branch through the crank-slider mechanism, gear rack, and synchronous belt drive. When the blade has completely cut the branch, the floating head sliding in the slide rail groove presses down, which in turn causes the front pressure rod to drop, causing the blade connection to shift by 20° and break the cut bark. At the same time as the bark is broken, the impact piece connected to the blade rack will strike the clamping baffle of the seedling opening mechanism, and the clamping rod will fall under the tension of the tension spring, completing the seedling opening process.

[0020] Then remove the entire structure and wrap the seedlings and branches with a wrapping machine;

[0021] The above process is a one-way process achieved by a single motor rotating one revolution. After completing one grafting, the clamping rod in the seedling release mechanism needs to be manually reset.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] (1) Significantly reduce the labor intensity of workers: Through the design of automation and intelligence, this equipment can greatly reduce the workload of workers, making grafting work easier and more efficient;

[0024] (2) Greatly improve work efficiency: With advanced control system and precise mechanical structure, this equipment can complete a large number of grafting tasks in a short time, significantly improving work efficiency;

[0025] (3) Significantly reduces the skill requirements for workers: The equipment is easy to operate and does not require professional grafting skills, which reduces the skill requirements for workers and makes it easier for more people to perform grafting work.

[0026] (4) Affordable price and easy maintenance: This equipment offers high performance at a relatively low price, reducing the user's investment costs. Furthermore, its simple maintenance reduces subsequent maintenance costs.

[0027] (5) Compact and portable: With a simple design and lightweight materials, this equipment is compact, small in size and light in weight, making it easy to carry and move, and suitable for various working environments. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-cutting mechanism in this invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cutting mechanism in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling release mechanism in this invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the grafting process mentioned in the background section of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1-4 As shown, an electric grafting device for seedlings includes a cross-cutting mechanism, a longitudinal cutting mechanism, and a seedling placing mechanism that work together.

[0035] The cross-cutting mechanism consists of a cross-cutting base plate 7, a grooved cam 1, a shearing cam 2, a bearing fixing plate 11, a sliding fixing 12, a linkage key 13, a scissor sharp side 6, a scissor blocking side 10, a variable diameter handle 8, a striking pin 9, a support column 37, and a linkage key and a scissor opening connector 39.

[0036] The firing pin 9 is connected to the cross-cutting base plate 7 by a compression spring. The variable diameter handle is connected to the cross-cutting base plate 7 by a shaft screw.

[0037] The support column 35 is connected to the protrusion above the sharp side 6 of the scissors by a compression spring, which gives the scissors a tendency to open. The sharp side 6 of the scissors is connected to the scissor guard side 10 by rivets and bearings to ensure the smooth opening and closing of the scissors.

[0038] The linkage key 13 is connected to the scissor opening connector 39 and the scissor stop side 10 by screws, while the scissor opening connector 39 is connected to the interactive fixing 12 by a dovetail groove, so that the linkage key and the scissor stop side can slide simultaneously.

[0039] Both shear cam 2 and grooved cam 1 are connected to the main shaft via keyways. Below the linkage key 13, there is a cylindrical protrusion that slides in the groove of the grooved cam 1, so that the rotation of the grooved cam 1 is converted into the back-and-forth movement of the linkage key 13.

[0040] The longitudinal cutting mechanism consists of a single gear support plate 14, a double gear support plate 36, a crank 35, a connecting rod 15, a motor rack 16, a motor rack groove 17, a large gear 18, a large synchronous belt pulley 19, a single gear radial fixing plate 20, a synchronous belt 21, a longitudinal cutting base plate 22, a small synchronous belt pulley 23, a pinion 24, a double gear radial fixing plate 25, a cutter rack 26, a cutter rack groove 27, a cutter connector 32, a slide rail 33, a front pressure rod 34, a dovetail groove 38, a blade 3, a striking plate 40, and a floating head 41.

[0041] The blade connector 32 has a shaft extending from its side that inserts into the hole of the front pressure rod 34, with a clearance fit between the hole and the shaft. The float head 41 has a slider on one side that connects to the dovetail groove 38, and the other side that connects to the front pressure rod via a shaft screw, allowing the front pressure rod to move up and down to achieve the side bending angle of the blade.

[0042] The crank 35 is connected to the main shaft via a 3x3x9 key, and the crank 35 is connected to the connecting rod 15 via a smooth shaft screw. Meanwhile, the hole at one end of the connecting rod 15 fits onto the protruding shaft on the motor rack 16. The dovetail groove at the rear of the motor rack 16 is engaged in the motor rack groove 17, and the dovetail groove on the side of the cutter rack 26 connects to the cutter rack groove 27.

[0043] The large gear 18 and the large synchronous pulley 19 are stacked together and rotate around the shaft, and are pressed onto the longitudinal base plate 22 by the single gear radial fixing plate 20. The small gear 24 and the small synchronous pulley 23 are stacked together and rotate around the gear shaft, and are pressed onto the longitudinal base plate 21 by the double gear radial fixing plate 25. The large synchronous pulley and the small synchronous pulley are driven by the synchronous belt 21.

[0044] The slide rail 33 is welded to the longitudinally cut base plate 22. The dovetail groove 38 is connected to the toothed rack 26 by threads.

[0045] A bearing is fitted above the floating head 41 to facilitate sliding in the slide rail 33.

[0046] The longitudinally cut base plate 22 is threadedly connected to the transversely cut base plate 7 via a single-gear support plate 14 and a double-gear support plate 36.

[0047] The seedling release mechanism includes a clamping rod 4, a clamping base 28, a clamping bottom plate 29, a clamping top rod 30, and a clamping baffle 31. A tension spring connects the clamping rod 4 to the double-gear support plate 36, giving the clamping rod 4 a downward tendency.

[0048] The clamping base 29 and the clamping baffle 31 are connected by an optical axis screw. The clamping base 29 also has a slot, allowing the clamping baffle 31 to rotate only in one direction. The clamping base 28 is fixed to the clamping base 29 by screws, and the clamping base 29 is threaded onto the double gear support 36. The clamping baffle 31 and the clamping base 29 are connected by an optical axis screw. One end of the clamping top rod 30 is connected to the clamping rod 4 by an optical axis screw, and the other end slides in the groove of the clamping base 29.

[0049] The working method of this invention is as follows: First, rotate the variable diameter handle 8 to push the impact pin 9 to clamp the branch used as the grafting carrier. After pressing the switch, the motor 5 drives the grooved cam 1 and the shearing cam 2 to rotate through the main shaft, and the cross-cutting mechanism moves forward. During the forward movement, the shearing cam 2 is idle. Then, when it reaches the designated position, although the grooved cam 1 is still rotating, the cross-cutting mechanism no longer moves, and the shearing cam 2 contacts the sharp side 6 of the scissors, completing the cross-cutting process. Then, the grooved cam 1 continues to rotate, driving the cross-cutting mechanism to retreat to the initial position. At the same time, the main shaft drives the blade rack 26 forward to cut the branch through the crank slider mechanism, gear rack, and synchronous belt drive. When the blade has completely cut the branch, the floating head 41 sliding in the groove of the slide rail 33 presses down, thereby causing the front pressure rod to drop, driving the blade connection to shift by 20°, and breaking the cut bark. At the same time as the bark is broken, the impact piece 40 connected to the blade rack will impact the clamping baffle 31 of the seedling opening mechanism. The clamping rod 4 falls under the action of the tension spring, completing the seedling opening process.

[0050] Then remove the entire structure and wrap the seedlings and branches with a wrapping machine;

[0051] The above process is a one-way process achieved by a single motor rotating one revolution. After completing one grafting, the clamping rod in the seedling release mechanism needs to be manually reset.

[0052] This invention relates to an electric grafting device, an unprecedented device on the market, specifically designed for grafting tree rootstocks and herbaceous scions, demonstrating exceptional innovation. Addressing the grafting needs of eggplant tree rootstocks and herbaceous scions, we have successfully filled the gap in mechanized grafting technology in this field, providing a more efficient and precise solution for agricultural production. It significantly simplifies the operation process for grafting workers and reduces the skill requirements. Previously cumbersome steps such as horizontal cutting, vertical cutting, lateral bending, and scion placement can now be completed with a single switch action, greatly improving grafting efficiency. Through a sophisticated timing design, it achieves highly efficient operation under single-motor drive. Within one motor cycle, the three previously independent actions of horizontal cutting, vertical cutting, and scion placement are completed, achieving full mechanization and automation, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the grafting process.

[0053] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electric device for grafting seedlings, characterized in that: It includes a cooperating cross-cutting mechanism, a longitudinal cutting mechanism, and a seedling release mechanism. The cross-cutting mechanism consists of a cross-cutting base plate, a grooved cam, a shearing cam, a bearing fixing plate, a sliding fixing, a linkage key, a sharp side of the scissors, a stop side of the scissors, a variable diameter handle, a striking pin, a support column, and a scissor opening connector. The striking pin is connected to the cross-cutting base plate by a compression spring, and the variable diameter handle is connected to the cross-cutting base plate by a shaft screw. The support column is connected to the protrusion above the sharp side of the scissors by a compression spring, which gives the scissors a tendency to open. The longitudinal cutting mechanism consists of a single-gear support plate, a double-gear support plate, a crank, a connecting rod, a motor rack, a motor rack groove, a large gear, a large synchronous belt pulley, a single-gear radial fixing plate, a synchronous belt, a longitudinal cutting base plate, a small synchronous belt pulley, a pinion, a double-gear radial fixing plate, a blade rack, a blade rack groove, a blade connector, a slide rail, a front pressure rod, a dovetail groove, a blade, a striking plate, and a floating head. A shaft extends from the side of the blade connector and inserts into a hole in the front pressure rod, with a clearance fit between the hole and the shaft. One side of the floating head is a slider connected to the dovetail groove, and the other side is connected to the front pressure rod via a shaft screw, allowing the front pressure rod to move up and down, thereby achieving the lateral bending angle of the blade. The seedling release mechanism includes a clamping rod, a clamping base, a clamping bottom plate, a clamping top rod, and a clamping baffle plate; wherein the clamping rod is connected to the double gear support plate by a tension spring, so that the clamping rod has a downward tendency; The sharp side of the scissors and the scissor guard side are connected by rivets and bearings to ensure smooth opening and closing of the scissors; the linkage key is connected to the scissor opening connector and the scissor guard side by screws, and the scissor opening connector is connected to the interactive fixing by a dovetail groove, so that the linkage key and the scissor guard side slide simultaneously. Both the shearing cam and the grooved cam are connected to the main shaft via keyways; a cylindrical protrusion below the linkage key slides in the groove of the grooved cam, so that the rotation of the grooved cam is converted into the forward and backward movement of the linkage key. The crank is connected to the main shaft by a key, and the crank is connected to the connecting rod by a smooth shaft screw. At the same time, the hole at one end of the connecting rod is fitted onto the protruding shaft on the motor rack. The dovetail groove at the rear of the motor rack is engaged in the motor rack groove, and the dovetail groove on the side of the cutter rack is connected to the cutter rack groove. The large gear and the large synchronous pulley are stacked together and rotate around the shaft, and are pressed against the longitudinal cutting base plate by a single gear radial fixing plate. The small gear and the small synchronous pulley are stacked together and rotate around the gear shaft, and are pressed against the longitudinal cutting base plate by a double gear radial fixing plate. The large synchronous pulley and the small synchronous pulley are driven by a synchronous belt. The slide rail is welded to the longitudinally cut base plate; the dovetail groove and the toothed rack are connected by threads.

2. The electric device for grafting seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating head is fitted with a bearing to facilitate sliding in the slide rail.

3. The electric device for grafting seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal cutting base plate is threadedly connected to the transverse cutting base plate via a single-gear support plate and a double-gear support plate.

4. The electric device for grafting seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping base plate and the clamping baffle are connected by an optical axis screw. The clamping base plate is also provided with a slot, which allows the clamping baffle plate to rotate only in one direction. The clamping base is fixed to the clamping base plate by screws, and the clamping base plate is connected to the double gear support plate by threads. The clamping baffle plate and the clamping base plate are connected by an optical axis screw. One end of the clamping rod is connected to the clamping rod via an optical axis screw, and the other end slides in the groove of the clamping plate.

5. A method for operating the electric grafting device for seedlings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: First, rotating the variable diameter handle pushes the impact pin to clamp the branch used as the grafting carrier. After pressing the switch, the motor drives the groove cam and the shearing cam to rotate through the main shaft, and the cross-cutting mechanism moves forward. During the forward movement, the shearing cam idles. Then, when it reaches the designated position, although the groove cam is still rotating, the cross-cutting mechanism stops moving, and the shearing cam contacts the sharp side of the scissors to complete the cross-cutting process. Then, the groove cam continues to rotate, driving the cross-cutting mechanism to retreat to the initial position. At the same time, the main shaft drives the blade rack forward to cut the branch through the crank-slider mechanism, gear rack, and synchronous belt drive. When the blade has completely cut the branch, the floating head sliding in the slide rail groove presses down, which in turn causes the front pressure rod to drop, causing the blade connection to shift by 20° and break the cut bark. At the same time as the bark is broken, the impact piece connected to the blade rack will strike the clamping baffle of the seedling opening mechanism. The clamping rod falls under the tension of the tension spring, completing the seedling opening process. The entire structure was then removed, and the seedlings and branches were wrapped with a wrapping machine. The above process is a one-way process achieved by a single motor rotating one revolution. After completing one grafting, the clamping rod in the seedling release mechanism needs to be manually reset.

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