Three wind wheel floating type wind turbine generator structure and automatic wind alignment control method

Abstract

The application discloses a three-wind-wheel floating type wind turbine generator structure and an automatic wind alignment control method. The system comprises a floating foundation, a main wind turbine generator set without a yaw system, an auxiliary wind turbine generator set without a yaw system and a single-point mooring system. The floating foundation comprises an upwind arm and a downwind arm. One end of the upwind arm is connected with one end of the downwind arm. An included angle is formed between the upwind arm and the downwind arm and between the downwind arms, and the downwind arms are symmetrically arranged. The main wind turbine generator set is arranged at the connection between the upwind arm and the downwind arm. The auxiliary wind turbine generator set is arranged at one end of the corresponding downwind arm away from the upwind arm. The single-point mooring system is arranged at one end of the upwind arm away from the downwind arm. The application has the advantages of low cost and high wind alignment precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a three-wind-wheel floating type wind turbine generator set structure and an automatic wind alignment control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the conventional multi-wind-wheel wind turbine generator set structure, the active yaw system of the wind turbine generator set main machine is used for wind alignment control. With the development of floating type wind turbine generator sets, there are also studies on passive yaw floating type multi-wind-wheel sets, for example, the patent No. 201711187761.2 discloses a multi-wind-power floating type automatic wind alignment offshore wind power equipment, which adopts three sets of machines distributed on the outer side, and rotates around the shaft at the center of the foundation to align the wind, but the structure has high cost, and the wind alignment precision is not high by using the wind thrust of three sets of machines. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a three-wind-wheel floating type wind turbine generator set structure with low cost and high wind alignment precision.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the present application is as follows:

[0005] A three-wind-wheel floating type wind turbine generator set structure, comprising a floating foundation, a main wind turbine generator set without a yaw system, an auxiliary wind turbine generator set without a yaw system, and a single-point mooring system.

[0006] The floating foundation comprises an upwind arm and a downwind arm; one end of the upwind arm is connected to one end of the downwind arm, and an included angle is formed between the upwind arm and the downwind arm and between the downwind arms, and the downwind arms are symmetrically arranged.

[0007] The main wind turbine generator set is arranged at the connection between the upwind arm and the downwind arm.

[0008] The auxiliary wind turbine generator set is arranged at the end of the corresponding downwind arm away from the upwind arm, and the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets are also symmetrically arranged.

[0009] The single-point mooring system is arranged at the end of the upwind arm away from the downwind arm.

[0010] In the present technical solution, the main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set are both without a yaw system, and the floating foundation rotates around the position of the single-point mooring system to realize passive yaw. The structure greatly reduces the cost by removing the yaw system; and the floating foundation also benefits from lightweight design due to reduced load.

[0011] In addition, the auxiliary wind turbine generator set can absorb the wind thrust through the variable pitch control, thereby controlling the yawing torque, achieving the active auxiliary control of the yawing wind, greatly improving the yawing wind accuracy and the power generation capacity; especially when there is a large deviation between the ocean current direction and the wind direction, the ocean current resistance can be overcome, and the yawing wind accuracy can be improved.

[0012] Further, the upwind arm is longer than the downwind arm, and an upwind connecting piece and an upwind float are arranged at the end of the upwind arm away from the downwind arm.

[0013] The upwind float is connected with the upwind arm through the upwind connecting piece.

[0014] The single-point mooring system is installed in the upwind connecting piece.

[0015] The downwind arm is provided with a downwind connecting piece and a downwind float at the end away from the upwind arm.

[0016] The downwind float is connected with the downwind arm through the downwind connecting piece.

[0017] The auxiliary wind turbine generator set is connected with the corresponding downwind float.

[0018] In the technical solution, the upwind float and the downwind float are arranged at the end of the upwind arm and the end of the downwind arm respectively, so that the stability of the foundation platform can be maintained.

[0019] Further, the upwind float and the downwind float are both long circular or elliptical special-shaped section column structures, which can reduce the water dynamic resistance in the yawing rotation and facilitate the passive yawing.

[0020] Further, the upwind float and the downwind float are all-steel structures, steel plate and concrete composite structures, or steel plate and foam material combination structures.

[0021] Further, the auxiliary wind turbine generator set and the corresponding downwind float are both arranged to be inclined to the side, the horizontal width is expanded, the wind sweeping area is increased under the condition that the size of the floating foundation is unchanged, and more wind energy can be captured.

[0022] Further, the floating foundation is in a Y-shaped structure.

[0023] The single-point mooring system is located at the bottom end of the Y-shaped structure.

[0024] The main wind turbine generator set is located at the bifurcation point of the Y-shaped structure.

[0025] The auxiliary wind turbine generator set is located at the other two ends of the Y-shaped structure.

[0026] Further, the main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set are both upwind wind turbine generator sets, and are not affected by tower shadow effect, so that power generation efficiency is improved.

[0027] The first cables are connected between the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets, so that load transmission paths are optimized, overall stability and load bearing capacity are increased, and lightweight design and cost reduction of the auxiliary wind turbine generator set towers are facilitated.

[0028] Further, the main wind turbine generator set is an upwind wind turbine generator set, and the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets are downwind wind turbine generator sets.

[0029] The second cables are connected between the main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generators, and between the auxiliary wind turbine generators, and are horizontally arranged, so that stability and comprehensive load bearing capacity of the main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generators are significantly improved, and lightweight design and cost reduction of the main wind turbine generator set tower and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set towers are facilitated.

[0030] Further, the main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set are both downwind wind turbine generator sets.

[0031] The third cables are connected between the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets and the main wind turbine generator set, and are horizontally arranged; the fourth cable is connected between the tower top of the main wind turbine generator set and the upwind buoy, and the tower top bending moment of the main wind turbine generator set is directly transmitted to the floating foundation through the fourth cable, so that tower load of the main wind turbine generator set is significantly reduced, and lightweight design and cost reduction of the main wind turbine generator set tower are facilitated.

[0032] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides an automatic wind alignment control method, which is implemented by using the three-wind-wheel floating wind turbine generator set structure.

[0033] When the deviation of the wind direction from the wind-approaching direction of the wind wheel of the main wind turbine generator set is greater than a set value, the main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets are simultaneously pitched in the direction of increasing the wind wheel thrust, so that the wind wheel thrust of the main wind turbine generator set and the wind wheel thrust of the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets are increased, and the entire floating foundation is driven to yaw around the position of the single-point mooring system.

[0034] When the deviation of the wind direction from the wind-approaching direction of the wind wheel of the main wind turbine generator set is less than a set value, the auxiliary wind turbine generator set on one side of the main wind turbine generator set is pitched in the feathering direction to reduce the wind thrust, and the symmetric auxiliary wind turbine generator set on the other side of the main wind turbine generator set is kept in the open-pitch state to absorb the maximum wind thrust, so that an unbalanced yawing moment is generated on both sides, and the entire floating foundation is driven to yaw around the position of the single-point mooring system.

[0035] The method described in this technical solution can significantly improve the yaw-to-wind accuracy of the entire floating unit, especially when there is a large deviation between the ocean current direction and the wind direction, it can overcome the ocean current resistance and improve the yaw-to-wind accuracy.

[0036] Compared with the existing technology, the principles and advantages of this solution are as follows:

[0037] 1. Both the main and auxiliary wind turbines are devoid of yaw systems. The floating foundation rotates around the location of the single-point mooring system to achieve passive yaw. The absence of a yaw system significantly reduces structural costs; the floating foundation also facilitates lightweight design due to the reduced load.

[0038] 2. Auxiliary wind turbines can absorb wind thrust through variable pitch control, thereby controlling the yaw moment and achieving active auxiliary control of yaw to wind, greatly improving the accuracy of yaw to wind and increasing power generation; especially when there is a large deviation between the direction of ocean current and wind direction, it can overcome the ocean current resistance and improve the accuracy of yaw to wind.

[0039] 3. An upwind buoy and a downwind buoy are respectively provided at the end of the upwind arm and the end of the downwind arm to maintain the stability of the foundation platform.

[0040] 4. Both the upwind buoy and the downwind buoy are cylindrical structures with oblong or elliptical cross-sections, which can reduce the hydrodynamic resistance during yaw rotation and facilitate passive yaw.

[0041] 5. The auxiliary wind turbine generator set and the corresponding downwind buoy are tilted toward the side. By expanding the lateral width, the swept area is increased while the size of the floating foundation remains unchanged, thereby capturing more wind energy.

[0042] 6. The floating foundation can adapt to the design of both upwind and downwind wind turbines. The overall design is flexible and has many options, which is conducive to selecting the best option to reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the services required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a three-wind-rotor floating wind turbine generator system structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2This is a front view of a three-wind-rotor floating wind turbine generator structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a single-point mooring system installed in an upwind connection member in a three-wind-rotor floating wind turbine generator structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a three-wind-wheel floating wind turbine generator system structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a three-wind-wheel floating wind turbine generator system structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Reference numerals:

[0050] 1-Floating foundation; 2-Main wind turbine generator set; 3-Auxiliary wind turbine generator set; 4-Upwind arm; 5-Downwind arm; 6-Upwind connector; 7-Upwind buoy; 8-Downwind connector; 9-Downwind buoy; 10-First cable; 11-Second cable; 12-Third cable; 13-Fourth cable; 14-Mooring buoy; 15-Mooring anchor chain; 16-Mooring connector; 17-Turret bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with three specific embodiments:

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a three-wind-rotor floating wind turbine generator structure described in this embodiment includes a floating foundation 1, a main wind turbine generator 2 without a yaw system, two auxiliary wind turbine generators 3 without a yaw system, and a single-point mooring system.

[0054] Among them, the floating foundation 1 has a Y-shaped structure, including an upwind arm 4 and two downwind arms 5. One end of the upwind arm 4 is connected to one end of the two downwind arms 5. Angles are formed between the upwind arm 4 and the downwind arm 5 and between the two downwind arms 5, and the downwind arms 5 are symmetrically arranged.

[0055] More specifically, the upwind arm 4 is longer than the downwind arm 5, and the end of the upwind arm 4 away from the downwind arm 5 (i.e. the bottom end of the Y-shaped structure) is provided with an upwind connecting piece 6 and an upwind buoy 7; the upwind buoy 7 is connected with the upwind arm 4 through the upwind connecting piece 6; a single-point mooring system is installed in the upwind connecting piece 6; the end of the downwind arm 5 away from the upwind arm 4 is provided with a downwind connecting piece 8 and a downwind buoy 9; the downwind buoy 9 is connected with the downwind arm 5 through the downwind connecting piece 8; the auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 is connected with the corresponding downwind buoy 9. The main wind turbine generator set 2 is arranged at the connecting position of the upwind arm 4 and the downwind arm 5, i.e. the bifurcation point of the Y-shaped structure.

[0056] More specifically, the single-point mooring system comprises a mooring chain 15, a mooring connecting piece 16, a turret bearing 17, and a mooring buoy 14; one end of the mooring chain 15 is connected with the seabed through an anchor, and the other end is connected with the mooring connecting piece 16; the mooring chain 15 is a combined structure of a steel chain and a non-metal cable, and is used to transmit the mooring force to the seabed. The mooring connecting piece 16 is connected with the inner ring of the turret bearing 17 through bolts, and is used to fix multiple groups of mooring chains 15. The mooring buoy 14 adopts three rows of cylindrical roller bearings, and provides a support point for the yaw rotation of the floating foundation 1. The mooring buoy 14 is connected between the outer ring of the turret bearing 17 and the inner side wall of the upwind connecting piece 6, and provides the multiple groups of mooring chains 15 with buoyancy for floating on the sea surface.

[0057] More specifically, the upwind buoy 7 and the downwind buoy 9 are both elliptical special-shaped section column structures, which can reduce the water dynamic resistance in the yaw rotation and facilitate passive yawing. In addition, the upwind buoy 7 and the downwind buoy 9 both adopt a combined material of surface steel plate and internal foam, which can not only ensure the firmness of the upwind buoy 7 and the downwind buoy 9, but also maintain the stability of the foundation platform.

[0058] More specifically, the two auxiliary wind turbine generator sets 3 and the corresponding downwind buoys 9 are both arranged to be inclined to the side, and the horizontal width is expanded to increase the wind sweeping area under the condition that the size of the floating foundation 1 remains unchanged, so as to capture more wind energy.

[0059] In this embodiment, the main wind turbine generator set 2 and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 are both upwind wind turbine generator sets, which are not affected by the tower shadow effect, and can improve the power generation efficiency; the first cable 10 is connected between the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets 3, which can optimize the load transmission path, increase the overall stability and carrying capacity, and facilitate the lightweight design and cost reduction of the tower of the auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3.

[0060] The main wind turbine generator set 2 adopts a high-power wind turbine generator set, which is the main power generation equipment; the two auxiliary wind turbine generator sets both adopt a low-power wind turbine generator set, and the capacity is about 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the high-power wind turbine generator set, which is the auxiliary power generation equipment.

[0061] The principle of automatic wind alignment control realized by the structure of the three wind wheel floating type wind turbine generator set described in the embodiment is as follows:

[0062] When the deviation of the wind direction from the wind-approaching direction of the wind wheel of the main wind turbine generator set 2 is greater than 45 degrees, the main wind turbine generator set 2 and each auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 are simultaneously pitched in the direction of increasing the wind wheel thrust of each, so that the wind wheel thrust of the main wind turbine generator set 2 and the wind wheel thrust of each auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 are increased, and the entire floating foundation 1 is pushed to yaw around the position of the single point mooring system;

[0063] When the deviation of the wind direction from the wind-approaching direction of the wind wheel of the main wind turbine generator set 2 is less than 45 degrees, the auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 on one side of the main wind turbine generator set 2 is pitched in the direction of reducing the wind thrust, and the symmetric auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 on the other side of the main wind turbine generator set 2 is kept in the state of maximum wind thrust absorption, so that an unbalanced yawing moment is generated on both sides, and the entire floating foundation 1 is pushed to yaw around the position of the single point mooring system.

[0064] In the above, the main wind turbine generator set 2 and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 are both removed of the yawing system, and the floating foundation 1 rotates around the position of the single point mooring system to realize passive yawing. The structure greatly reduces the cost due to the removal of the yawing system; and the floating foundation 1 also benefits from the lightweight design due to the reduced load.

[0065] The auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 can control the size of the wind thrust absorption through pitch control, so as to control the size of the yawing moment, realize active auxiliary control of yawing wind alignment, greatly improve the yawing wind alignment accuracy, and improve the power generation capacity; especially when there is a large deviation between the current direction and the wind direction, the current resistance can be overcome, and the yawing wind alignment accuracy can be improved.

[0066] Embodiment Two

[0067] Compared with Embodiment One, the main wind turbine generator set 2 is an upwind wind turbine generator set, and the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets 3 are all downwind wind turbine generator sets; the second cables 11 are connected between the main wind turbine generator set 2 and each auxiliary wind turbine generator set, and between each auxiliary wind turbine generator set, and each second cable 11 is horizontally arranged, which can significantly improve the stability and comprehensive bearing capacity of the main wind turbine generator set 2 and each auxiliary wind turbine generator set, and benefit the lightweight design and cost reduction of the tower of the main wind turbine generator set 2 and the towers of each auxiliary wind turbine generator set.

[0068] Embodiment Three

[0069] Compared with the first embodiment, the main wind turbine generator set 2 and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 are both downwind wind turbine generator sets; the third inhaul cable 12 is connected between each auxiliary wind turbine generator set 3 and the main wind turbine generator set 2, and each third inhaul cable 12 is horizontally arranged; the fourth inhaul cable 13 is connected between the tower top of the main wind turbine generator set 2 and the upwind buoy 7, and through the fourth inhaul cable 13, the tower top bending moment of the main wind turbine generator set 2 can be directly transmitted to the floating foundation 1, so that the tower load of the main wind turbine generator set 2 is significantly reduced, and the lightweight design and cost reduction of the tower of the main wind turbine generator set 2 are more beneficial.

[0070] From the above three embodiments, it can be seen that the floating foundation is suitable for the design of the upwind wind turbine generator set and the downwind wind turbine generator set, the overall design is flexible, the scheme is various, and it is beneficial to select a more optimal scheme to reduce the cost.

[0071] The above-mentioned embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any changes made according to the shape and principle of the present application should be covered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic wind control method, characterized in that: It is realized by adopting a three-rotor floating wind turbine structure, which includes a floating foundation, a main wind turbine without a yaw system, an auxiliary wind turbine without a yaw system, and a single-point mooring system; The floating foundation includes an upwind arm and a downwind arm; one end of the upwind arm is connected to one end of the downwind arm, an angle is formed between the upwind arm and the downwind arm, and between the downwind arms, and the downwind arms are symmetrically arranged; The main wind turbine generator set is arranged at the connection point where the upwind arm and the downwind arm are connected; The auxiliary wind turbine generator set is arranged at one end of the corresponding downwind arm away from the upwind arm; The single point mooring system is arranged at one end of the upwind arm away from the downwind arm; An upwind connecting piece and an upwind buoy are provided at one end of the upwind arm away from the downwind arm; the upwind buoy is connected to the upwind arm via the upwind connecting piece; and the single point mooring system is installed in the upwind connecting piece. The single-point mooring system includes a mooring chain, a mooring connector, a turret bearing, and a mooring buoy. One end of the mooring chain is connected to the seabed via an anchor, and the other end is connected to the mooring connector. The mooring connector is bolted to the inner ring of the turret bearing and is used to secure multiple sets of mooring chains. The mooring buoy uses a three-row cylindrical roller bearing to provide a support point for the yaw rotation of the floating foundation. The mooring buoy is connected between the outer ring of the turret bearing and the inner wall of the upwind connector. The method comprises: When the deviation between the wind direction and the windward direction of the main wind turbine rotor is greater than the set value, the main wind turbine rotor and the auxiliary wind turbine rotors are synchronously pitched in the direction of increasing the thrust of their respective rotors, thereby increasing the thrust of the rotors of the main wind turbine rotor and the auxiliary wind turbine rotors, and pushing the entire floating foundation to yaw around the position of the single-point mooring system. When the deviation between the wind direction and the windward direction of the main wind turbine rotor is less than the set value, the auxiliary wind turbine on one side of the main wind turbine will be pitched in the feathering direction to reduce the wind thrust, and the auxiliary wind turbine symmetrical on the other side of the main wind turbine will be kept in the open-paddle state to absorb the maximum wind thrust, thereby generating an unbalanced yaw moment on both sides, pushing the entire floating foundation to yaw around the position of the single-point mooring system.

2. The automatic wind control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upwind arm is longer than the downwind arm; The end of the leeward arm away from the upwind arm is provided with a leeward connecting piece and a leeward buoy; The downwind buoy is connected to the downwind arm via a downwind connector; The auxiliary wind turbine generator set is connected to the corresponding downwind buoy.

3. The automatic wind control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upwind buoy and the downwind buoy are both cylindrical structures with oblong or elliptical cross-sections.

4. The automatic wind control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upwind buoy and the downwind buoy are all-steel structures, composite structures of steel plates and concrete, or composite structures of steel plates and foam materials.

5. The automatic wind control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary wind turbine generator set and the corresponding downwind buoy are both arranged to be tilted toward the side.

6. An automatic wind control method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The floating foundation is a Y-shaped structure; The single point mooring system is located at the bottom end of the Y-shaped structure; The main wind turbine generator set is located at the bifurcation point of the Y-shaped structure; The auxiliary wind turbines are located at the other two ends of the Y-shaped structure.

7. The automatic wind control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set are both upwind wind turbine generator sets; A first cable is connected between the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets.

8. The automatic wind control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main wind turbine generator set is an upwind wind turbine generator set, and the auxiliary wind turbine generator sets are all downwind wind turbine generator sets; Second cables are connected between the main wind turbine generator set and each auxiliary wind turbine generator, and between each auxiliary wind turbine generator, and each second cable is arranged horizontally.

9. The automatic wind control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main wind turbine generator set and the auxiliary wind turbine generator set are both downwind wind turbine generator sets; A third cable is connected between each auxiliary wind turbine generator set and the main wind turbine generator set, and each third cable is arranged horizontally; A fourth cable is connected between the tower top of the main wind turbine generator set and the upwind buoy.

Images