Annular liquid film type atomizing nozzle and aero-engine

Abstract

The application provides a circular liquid film type atomizing nozzle and an aero-engine, which comprises a circular fuel channel section and a circular liquid film forming section which are coaxially connected in sequence from top to bottom, and an air channel is formed in the middle of the two; a fuel inlet is arranged on the circular fuel channel section in a circumferential direction, a circular fuel rectifying pool is arranged in the interior of the circular fuel channel section, and a fuel outlet is arranged at the bottom of the circular fuel channel section; the fuel inlet, the fuel rectifying pool and the fuel outlet are sequentially communicated and form a fuel channel, and liquid film is formed on a circular liquid film plate of the circular liquid film forming section after fuel flows out of the fuel outlet. The nozzle realizes uniform liquid outlet flow rate through a reasonable fuel supply channel, forms a liquid film through a liquid film channel, increases the contact area with air, and thus realizes better atomizing effect, and achieves the purpose of improving combustion efficiency. The application has the advantages of simple structure, good atomizing effect, uniform particle size distribution and suitability for aero-engine combustion chambers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine technology, specifically to an annular liquid film atomizing nozzle and an aero-engine. Background Technology

[0002] The atomization effect of combustion chamber nozzles plays a crucial role in improving combustion efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions. Traditional pressure atomizing nozzles have a narrow operating range, and their atomization effect is significantly affected by operating pressure and other conditions. Pre-film atomizing nozzles work by forming a fuel film, increasing the contact area between the liquid and air, thereby enhancing the atomization effect. Therefore, compared to pressure atomizing nozzles, liquid film atomizing nozzles have a wider operating range.

[0003] A search of existing technical literature revealed Chinese invention patent application number 201210425826.3, entitled "A Combustion Chamber Fuel Injection and Mixing Device and Aero Engine," which discloses a burner for an aero engine. This burner employs a liquid film atomizing nozzle. However, the liquid channel of this atomizing nozzle is not designed for rectification, which cannot guarantee the uniformity of fuel supply. Furthermore, the fuel supply channel is simple, which may lead to uneven fuel supply. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an annular liquid film atomizing nozzle and an aero engine.

[0005] The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention includes an annular fuel channel section and an annular liquid film generating section, wherein the annular fuel channel section and the annular liquid film generating section are coaxially connected from top to bottom, and an air channel is formed in the middle of the two sections. A fuel inlet is provided along the circumferential direction on the annular fuel channel section, an annular fuel rectifier is provided inside the annular fuel channel section, and a fuel outlet is provided at the bottom of the annular fuel channel section. The fuel inlet, fuel rectifier, and fuel outlet are connected in sequence to form a fuel channel. After the fuel flows out of the fuel outlet, a liquid film is formed on the annular liquid film plate of the annular liquid film generation section.

[0006] Preferably, the fuel rectifier has an annular fuel channel lifting section inside, and the top of the fuel channel lifting section forms an opening with the top of the inner wall of the fuel rectifier, through which the fuel inside the fuel rectifier reaches the fuel outlet.

[0007] Preferably, there are multiple fuel inlets, which are evenly arranged circumferentially along the annular fuel channel segment.

[0008] Preferably, flanges are provided at the bottom of the annular fuel channel section and at the top of the annular liquid film generation section, and the two are fastened together by the flanges.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a height adjustment plate, which is disposed between the annular fuel channel section and the annular liquid film generation section.

[0010] Preferably, the fuel outlet is tapered, and on the radial projection of the annular fuel channel segment, the upper wall of the fuel outlet has an angle α with the axis of the annular fuel channel segment, and the lower wall of the fuel outlet has an angle β with the axis of the annular fuel channel segment, where α is less than β.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the annular liquid film plate decreases from top to bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness t of the height adjustment plate is 0.2-0.6 mm, the height h of the fuel outlet is 0.2-0.5 mm, and the length L of the annular liquid film plate is 8-12 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the air channel is the inlet, the lower end of the air channel is the outlet, and the ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the air channel is 0.5-0.7.

[0014] According to the aero-engine provided by the present invention, the annular liquid film atomizing nozzle is used, and the annular liquid film atomizing nozzle is disposed in the combustion chamber of the aero-engine.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. By adopting an annular fuel channel section, under the same conditions, it improves the uniformity of liquid fuel supply compared with a simple channel liquid film atomizing nozzle, which can improve the circumferential uniformity of fuel atomization and improve combustion performance.

[0016] 2. This invention reduces the impact of fuel pulsation on atomization by adjusting the fuel outlet height, thereby reducing the degree of equivalence pulsation and suppressing noise and thermoacoustic oscillation.

[0017] 3. The present invention uses an annular tapered liquid film plate with gradually decreasing thickness, which is used to prevent droplet accumulation. At the same time, the annular liquid film plate has a small channel diameter, which is used to maintain a high airflow velocity and make the liquid film break up better. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the annular liquid film atomizing nozzle in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the fuel flow channel section in this invention; Figure 3 This is a half-section diagram of the annular liquid film generation section in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aero-engine in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of downstream atomized particle size under pressure pulsation in upstream fuel, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The diagram shows: Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] This invention discloses an annular liquid film atomizing nozzle and an aero-engine. By using a reasonable fuel supply channel, a uniform liquid outlet flow rate is achieved, and a liquid film is formed through the liquid film channel, increasing the contact area with air, thereby achieving a better atomization effect and improving combustion efficiency.

[0022] The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes an annular fuel channel section 1 and an annular liquid film generating section 2. The annular fuel channel section 1 and the annular liquid film generating section 2 are coaxially connected from top to bottom, and an air channel 6 is formed in the middle of the two. Flanges 8 are provided at the bottom of the annular fuel channel section 1 and the top of the annular liquid film generating section 2, and the two are fastened together by the flanges 8.

[0023] A fuel inlet 4 is circumferentially arranged on the annular fuel channel section 1, and an annular fuel rectifying pool 5 is arranged inside the annular fuel channel section 1. A fuel outlet 10 is arranged at the bottom of the annular fuel channel section 1. The fuel inlet 4, the fuel rectifying pool 5, and the fuel outlet 10 are connected in sequence to form a fuel channel. After the fuel flows out of the fuel outlet 10, a liquid film is formed on the annular liquid film plate 7 of the annular liquid film generation section 2. The function of the fuel rectifying pool 5 is to reduce the turbulence of the fuel and at the same time reduce the circumferential non-uniformity of the fuel.

[0024] There are multiple fuel inlets 4, which are evenly arranged circumferentially along the annular fuel channel section 1. The even arrangement of the fuel inlets 4 along the circumference can enhance the uniformity of fuel entering the channel. The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle also includes a height adjustment plate 3 to adjust the fuel outlet height. The height adjustment plate 3 is disposed between the annular fuel channel section 1 and the annular liquid film generation section 2. The function of the height adjustment plate 3 is to adjust the liquid fuel outlet height.

[0025] The fuel rectifier 5 has an annular fuel channel lifting section 9 inside. The top of the fuel channel lifting section 9 forms an opening with the top of the inner wall of the fuel rectifier 5, allowing fuel inside the fuel rectifier 5 to reach the fuel outlet 10 through the top opening. The function of the fuel channel lifting section 9 is to increase the fuel flow distance, making the fuel flow more complete.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the fuel outlet 10 is tapered. On the radial projection of the annular fuel channel segment 1, the upper wall of the fuel outlet 10 forms an angle α with the axis of the annular fuel channel segment 1, and the lower wall of the fuel outlet 10 forms an angle β with the axis of the annular fuel channel segment 1, where α is less than β. The tapered fuel outlet segment increases the liquid outlet velocity and reduces the fuel outlet height, thereby achieving better atomization.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the annular liquid film plate 7 is an annular tapered liquid film plate, with its thickness decreasing from top to bottom. Its function is to prevent droplet accumulation. Simultaneously, due to the small diameter of the annular liquid film plate channel, its function is to maintain a high airflow velocity, allowing for better liquid film breakup. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness t of the height adjustment plate 3 is 0.2-0.6 mm, the height h of the fuel outlet 10 is 0.2-0.5 mm, and the length L of the annular liquid film plate 7 is 8-12 mm.

[0028] The air channel 6 is a tapered type, with the upper end of the air channel 6 being the inlet and the lower end being the outlet. The ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the air channel 6 is 0.5-0.7. The tapered air channel serves to gradually increase the air velocity, so that the air at the fuel liquid film has a higher velocity and better uniformity.

[0029] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an annular liquid film atomizing nozzle suitable for the combustion chamber of an aero-engine. The nozzle consists of an annular fuel passage section 1, an annular liquid film generating section 2, and a copper sheet, as shown. Figure 2-4As shown, the annular fuel channel section 1, the annular liquid film generating section 2, and the copper sheet are connected by designed flange holes. Different liquid film outlet heights can be achieved by adjusting the height t of the sheet. The annular fuel channel section 1 includes four fuel inlets 4 evenly arranged circumferentially around the nozzle, thus achieving a relatively uniform fuel supply. After entering the nozzle's internal channel, the fuel first passes through a relatively large fuel rectifier pool 5 to ensure sufficient and uniform flow and reduce the impact of upstream fuel supply pressure pulsations. The fuel channel lifting section 9 and the tapered fuel outlet 10 are used to narrow the flow channel and increase the liquid velocity. The annular liquid film generating section 2 includes an annular liquid film plate 7 with gradually decreasing thickness to prevent liquid accumulation at the nozzle outlet. Copper gaskets can be used to adjust the nozzle liquid film outlet height.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel channel has four fuel inlets 4 evenly arranged circumferentially, an annular fuel rectifier 5, and a fuel channel lifting section 9. The ratio of the height H1 of the fuel channel lifting section 9 to the height H2 of the channel above the fuel channel lifting section 9 is 4. The upper wall inclination angle α of the tapered fuel outlet 10 is 24.5°, the lower wall inclination angle β is 30°, and the height h of the fuel outlet 10 is 0.2-0.5 mm. To increase the air shear force at the liquid film, the ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the contracting air channel 6 is 0.57. To prevent droplets from accumulating at the nozzle outlet, the annular liquid film plate 7 is tapered with gradually decreasing thickness, and the outer wall inclination angle γ is 18.6°. To adjust the fuel outlet height, the thickness t of the copper gasket is 0.2-0.6 mm.

[0031] like Figure 6 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the downstream atomized particle size under upstream fuel pressure pulsation in this embodiment. When there is upstream fuel pressure pulsation, the atomized particle size of the atomizing nozzle does not have obvious periodic pulsation, which helps to suppress combustion oscillation.

[0032] Example 2 This embodiment provides an aircraft engine that employs the aforementioned annular liquid film atomizing nozzle, wherein the annular liquid film atomizing nozzle 11 is disposed within the combustion chamber of the aircraft engine. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the annular liquid film atomizing nozzle 11 can be installed in the combustion chamber to atomize the fuel. The specific working process is as follows: after the fuel passes through the fuel channel, it flows out at a relatively uniform outlet speed, forms a liquid film on the annular liquid film plate 7, and is further atomized, thereby improving the uniformity of liquid film atomization and reducing the influence of upstream fuel supply pressure pulsation. In the specific arrangement, the atomizing nozzle can be arranged in a tubular or annular combustion chamber according to the actual structure of the gas turbine.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0034] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped liquid film atomizing nozzle, characterized in that, It includes an annular fuel channel section (1) and an annular liquid film generation section (2), which are coaxially connected from top to bottom, and form an air channel (6) in the middle of the two. The annular fuel channel section (1) is provided with a fuel inlet (4) along the circumferential direction, the annular fuel channel section (1) is provided with an annular fuel rectifier (5) inside, and the annular fuel channel section (1) is provided with a fuel outlet (10) at the bottom. The fuel inlet (4), fuel rectifier (5) and fuel outlet (10) are connected in sequence to form a fuel channel. After the fuel flows out from the fuel outlet (10), a liquid film is formed on the annular liquid film plate (7) of the annular liquid film generation section (2). The fuel rectifier (5) is provided with an annular fuel channel lifting section (9) inside. The top of the fuel channel lifting section (9) forms an opening with the top of the inner wall of the fuel rectifier (5). The fuel inside the fuel rectifier (5) reaches the fuel outlet (10) through the opening at the top. It also includes a height adjustment plate (3), which is disposed between the annular fuel channel section (1) and the annular liquid film generation section (2).

2. The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple fuel inlets (4), and the multiple fuel inlets (4) are evenly arranged around the circumference of the annular fuel channel segment (1).

3. The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the annular fuel channel section (1) and the top of the annular liquid film generation section (2) are both provided with flanges (8), and the two are fastened together by the flanges (8).

4. The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel outlet (10) is tapered. On the radial projection of the annular fuel channel segment (1), the upper wall of the fuel outlet (10) has an angle α with the axis of the annular fuel channel segment (1), and the lower wall of the fuel outlet (10) has an angle β with the axis of the annular fuel channel segment (1), where α is less than β.

5. The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the annular liquid film plate (7) decreases from top to bottom.

6. The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness t of the height adjustment plate (3) is 0.2-0.6 mm, the height h of the fuel outlet (10) is 0.2-0.5 mm, and the length L of the annular liquid film plate (7) is 8-12 mm.

7. The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the air channel (6) is the inlet, and the lower end of the air channel (6) is the outlet. The ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the air channel (6) is 0.5-0.

7.

8. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, The annular liquid film atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1-7 is used, wherein the annular liquid film atomizing nozzle (11) is disposed in the combustion chamber of the aircraft engine.

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