Coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, specifically to a coal gasification process gas-side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger. It solves the problems of the existing single-transport method for heat exchange of waste heat of coal gas, such as small contact area, short coal gas transportation distance, low heat exchange efficiency, and inconvenience in fully utilizing cold water for heat exchange. The coal gasification process gas-side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger includes an auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism, a coal gas pressure control and transportation mechanism, and a double-spiral heat exchange mechanism. A diversion water transportation mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism, and a coal gas pressure control and transportation mechanism is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism. The present invention transports cold water back and forth, so that both cold water and coal gas flow and contact in a spiral shape, which can effectively increase the contact area and increase the transportation distance, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and effectively utilizing the cold water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, and in particular to a coal gasification process gas-side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] The coal gasification process involves conveying bituminous coal with a particle size of 30-60mm to a coal storage bunker via a belt. A program-controlled coal feeder then feeds the coal into the retorting section of a two-stage gasifier. An air blower then pumps air into the furnace bottom. Simultaneously, low-pressure steam mixes with the air in a mixing box, acting as a gasifying agent and reacting with the 1200°C semi-coke in the gasification section. The steam then passes through an electric precipitator (ECC) to capture dust and tar, before cooling in an intercooler. The tar exiting the ECC is then sent to a tar tank. The gas generated by the lower gasification section of a two-stage gasifier has a temperature of approximately 450-550°C. After passing through a cyclone dust collector to remove large particles of dust, it then passes through a waste heat heat exchanger to absorb waste heat before entering an air cooler. After being cooled by the air cooler, it enters an intercooler. Since the gas temperature entering the waste heat exchanger is relatively high, approximately above 500°C, the heat transfer coefficient on the gas side needs to be enhanced when exchanging heat between the gas and water. Therefore, heat exchange should be enhanced in the tube side.

[0003] When the existing single transmission method is used for heat exchange of waste heat of coal gas, the contact area is small and the coal gas transmission distance is short, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency and inconvenience in fully utilizing the cold water used for heat exchange; therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. In this regard, we propose a coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal gasification process gas-side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, such as the small contact area and short gas transportation distance when the waste heat of the coal gas is heat exchanged using a single transportation method, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency and inconvenience in fully utilizing the cold water used for heat exchange.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A coal gasification process gas-side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger, comprising an auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism, a coal gas pressure control and delivery mechanism, and a double-helix heat exchange mechanism. A diversion and water delivery mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism. A coal gas pressure control and delivery mechanism is installed inside the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism. A double-helix heat exchange mechanism is installed inside the coal gas pressure control and delivery mechanism. A pressure relief and diversion mechanism is installed on one side of the double-helix heat exchange mechanism.

[0007] The auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism includes a sealed tank body, a leakage discharge pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the sealed tank body, a gas sensor is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the leakage discharge pipe, and a liquid storage tank is provided on the inner side of the middle part of the sealed tank body;

[0008] The gas pressure-controlled delivery mechanism includes two central air-permeable disks, which are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the sealed tank body. A pressure-controlled input box is fixedly installed on the upper end face of one of the central air-permeable disks, and a transmission motor is fixedly installed on the inner side of the middle part of the pressure-controlled input box. A gas input pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the transmission motor. The output end of the transmission motor passes through the pressure-controlled input box and is fixedly connected to an adjusting disk. The lower end face of the adjusting disk is rotatably connected to a delivery disk. A gas guide sleeve is fixedly installed between the two central air-permeable disks, and a diversion box is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom end of the gas guide sleeve. The lower end face of the diversion box is provided with a gas output pipe, and the pressure-controlled input box and the diversion box are connected via a return pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the double-helix heat exchange mechanism includes a central heat exchange frame, which is fixedly connected to the diversion box, a steam output pipe is provided at the upper end of the central heat exchange frame, an inner hollow helical frame is provided on the outer surface of the central heat exchange frame, a first heat exchange arc plate is installed on one side of the central heat exchange frame, and a second heat exchange arc plate is installed on the other side of the central heat exchange frame, the second heat exchange arc plate is connected to the central heat exchange frame through a conveying pipe, and an outer hollow helical frame is fixedly provided on the inner walls of the first heat exchange arc plate and the second heat exchange arc plate.

[0010] Preferably, the diversion water supply mechanism includes a water inlet sealing plate, which is fixedly connected to the sealed tank body, and a water inlet box is fixedly installed on one side of the water inlet sealing plate, and two guide baffles are fixedly installed on the inner side of the water inlet box, and two adsorption blocks are provided between the two guide baffles, and four positioning rods are installed on the inner sides of the two adsorption blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure relief and diversion mechanism includes a one-way diversion box, which is fixedly connected to the middle part of the delivery pipe, a diversion ring is fixedly installed on the inner side of the one-way diversion box, a blocking seat is movably installed on the lower end face of the diversion ring, a support spring is installed on the lower end face of the blocking seat, the outer side of the blocking seat is slidably connected to the diversion seat, and a pressure relief pipe is provided on one side of the diversion seat.

[0012] Preferably, the leakage discharge pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, the upper and lower ends of the gas guide sleeve are fixedly connected to the sealed tank body through a central air permeable disk, and the inner side of the liquid storage tank is provided with leakage indicating liquid.

[0013] Preferably, the middle part of the pressure control input box and the diversion box are connected through a gas guide sleeve, the upper and lower ends of the return pipe are connected with the pressure control input box and the diversion box, and a stop valve is provided on the inner side of the bottom end of the return pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the interiors of the water inlet tank, the first heat exchange arc plate and the second heat exchange arc plate are through-connected, the adsorption block is fixedly connected to the water inlet tank by a positioning rod, the interior of the water inlet tank is filled with cold water, and the cold water enters the interiors of the first heat exchange arc plate and the second heat exchange arc plate through the water inlet sealing plate, the adsorption block and the water inlet tank in sequence.

[0015] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the delivery pipe are connected to the second heat exchange arc plate and the central heat exchange frame, one end of the steam output pipe passes through one of the central air permeable plates and is plugged into the inner side of the upper end of the central heat exchange frame, and the outer hollow spiral frame and the inner hollow spiral frame have the same rotation direction.

[0016] Preferably, the blocking seat is connected to the flow guide seat via a support spring, and one end of the pressure relief pipe passes through the one-way flow guide box and is connected to the flow guide seat.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention provides a leak indicator liquid inside the liquid storage bin. During the heat exchange process, the leak indicator liquid can collect gas and discharge it through the leak discharge pipe. Monitoring the gas content through the leak discharge pipe enables gas leak detection. Cold water is transported from bottom to top inside the first and second heat exchange arc plates to the inside of the delivery pipe, increasing the cold water delivery distance. Gas is then input into the inside of the pressure-controlled input box through the gas input pipe. The transmission motor drives the adjustment disk to rotate relative to the delivery disk, allowing the adjustment disk to adjust the air permeability of the delivery disk, thereby controlling the amount of gas exchanged, maintaining a stable gas input, and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0019] 2. The present invention transmits coal gas in a spiral shape between the outer and inner hollow spiral racks. The outer and inner hollow spiral racks have the same rotation direction. The coal gas then exchanges heat with the first and second heat exchange arc plates and the cold water inside the central heat exchange rack, effectively increasing the contact area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The flow diversion of the transmission pipe allows the cold water and coal gas to contact and exchange heat twice.

[0020] 3. When the delivery pipe is delivering hot water, the present invention drives the blocking seat to slide on the inner side of the guide seat and compresses the support spring, so that the delivery pipe is connected to the pressure relief pipe, and then the pressure relief operation can be performed on the inside of the delivery pipe through the pressure relief pipe to maintain the stability of the delivery of the delivery pipe. The diversion box and the pressure control input box are connected through the return pipe, so that the gas after heat exchange can be partially refluxed through the return pipe, which can further improve the cooling effect of the gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas pressure-controlled delivery mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pressure-controlled input box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the diversion water delivery mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section structure of the pressure relief and flow diversion mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the double-helix heat exchange mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first heat exchange arc plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the central heat exchange frame of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism; 101. Sealed tank; 102. Leakage discharge pipe; 103. Gas sensor; 104. Liquid storage tank; 2. Gas pressure control and delivery mechanism; 201. Pressure control input box; 202. Gas input pipe; 203. Drive motor; 204. Gas output pipe; 205. Return pipe; 206. Adjustment plate; 207. Diverter box; 208. Center vent plate; 209. Gas guide sleeve; 210. Delivery plate; 3. Diverter water delivery mechanism; 301. Water inlet sealing plate; 30 2. Water inlet box; 303. Guide baffle; 304. Adsorption block; 305. Positioning rod; 4. Double-helix heat exchange mechanism; 401. First heat exchange arc plate; 402. Delivery pipe; 403. Central heat exchange frame; 404. Steam output pipe; 405. Second heat exchange arc plate; 406. Outer hollow spiral frame; 407. Inner hollow spiral frame; 5. Pressure relief and diversion mechanism; 501. One-way guide box; 502. Pressure relief pipe; 503. Guide ring; 504. Blocking seat; 505. Guide seat; 506. Support spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0032] The transmission motor 203 (model YS7134) mentioned in the present invention can be purchased from the market or customized. Figures 1 to 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides: a coal gasification process gas-side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger, including an auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism 1, a gas pressure control and delivery mechanism 2 and a double-spiral heat exchange mechanism 4, the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism 1 includes a sealed tank body 101, a leakage discharge pipe 102 is fixedly installed on one side of the sealed tank body 101, a gas sensor 103 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the leakage discharge pipe 102, a liquid storage tank 104 is provided on the inner side of the middle part of the sealed tank body 101, the leakage discharge pipe 102 is connected to the liquid storage tank 104, and a leakage indicator liquid is provided on the inner side of the liquid storage tank 104. The leakage indicator liquid can collect the gas and discharge it through the leakage discharge pipe 102. By monitoring the gas content through the leakage discharge pipe 102, gas leakage can be monitored.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 7A gas pressure-controlled delivery mechanism 2 is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism 1. The gas pressure-controlled delivery mechanism 2 includes two central air-permeable discs 208. The two central air-permeable discs 208 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the sealed tank body 101. A pressure-controlled input box 201 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of one of the central air-permeable discs 208. A transmission motor 203 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the middle part of the pressure-controlled input box 201. A gas input pipe 202 is fixedly installed on one side of the transmission motor 203. The output end of the transmission motor 203 passes through the pressure-controlled input box 201 and is fixedly connected to the regulating valve. The regulating disc 206 is rotatably connected to the conveying disc 210 at its lower end. A gas guide sleeve 209 is fixedly installed between the two central air-permeable discs 208. The upper and lower ends of the gas guide sleeve 209 are fixedly connected to the sealed tank body 101 through the central air-permeable disc 208. The transmission motor 203 drives the regulating disc 206 to rotate relative to the conveying disc 210, so that the regulating disc 206 can adjust the air permeability of the conveying disc 210, thereby controlling the amount of gas exchanged, maintaining a stable gas input, and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0034] A diverter box 207 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom end of the gas guide sleeve 209, and a gas output pipe 204 is provided on the lower end face of the diverter box 207. The pressure control input box 201 is connected to the diverter box 207 through a return pipe 205. The middle part of the pressure control input box 201 and the diverter box 207 are through-connected through the gas guide sleeve 209. The upper and lower ends of the return pipe 205 are through-connected with the pressure control input box 201 and the diverter box 207. A stop valve is provided on the inner side of the bottom end of the return pipe 205. The gas after heat exchange can be partially refluxed through the return pipe 205, which can further improve the cooling effect of the gas.

[0035] See also Figures 2 to 9, a double helix heat exchange mechanism 4 is installed on the inner side of the gas pressure control and delivery mechanism 2, and the double helix heat exchange mechanism 4 includes a central heat exchange frame 403, the central heat exchange frame 403 is fixedly connected to the diversion box 207, the upper end of the central heat exchange frame 403 is provided with a steam output pipe 404, the outer surface of the central heat exchange frame 403 is provided with an inner hollow spiral frame 407, a first heat exchange arc plate 401 is installed on one side of the central heat exchange frame 403, and a second heat exchange arc plate 405 is installed on the other side of the central heat exchange frame 403. The second heat exchange arc plate 405 is connected to the central heat exchange frame 403 through a delivery pipe 402, and the inner walls of the first heat exchange arc plate 401 and the second heat exchange arc plate 405 are fixedly provided with There is an outer hollow spiral frame 406, and the upper and lower ends of the delivery pipe 402 are connected to the second heat exchange arc plate 405 and the central heat exchange frame 403. One end of the steam output pipe 404 passes through one of the central breathable plates 208 and is plugged into the inner side of the upper end of the central heat exchange frame 403. The outer hollow spiral frame 406 and the inner hollow spiral frame 407 have the same rotation direction. The coal gas is transported in a spiral shape between the outer hollow spiral frame 406 and the inner hollow spiral frame 407. The coal gas exchanges heat with the first heat exchange arc plate 401, the second heat exchange arc plate 405 and the cold water inside the central heat exchange frame 403, which can effectively increase the contact area and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0036] See also Figure 2 and Figure 5 , a diversion water delivery mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism 1, and the diversion water delivery mechanism 3 includes a water inlet sealing plate 301, the water inlet sealing plate 301 is fixedly connected to the sealed tank body 101, a water inlet box 302 is fixedly installed on one side of the water inlet sealing plate 301, two guide baffles 303 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the water inlet box 302, two adsorption blocks 304 are provided between the two guide baffles 303, and four positioning rods 305 are installed on the inner side of the two adsorption blocks 304. The interiors of a heat exchange arc plate 401 and a second heat exchange arc plate 405 are through-connected, and the adsorption block 304 is fixedly connected to the water inlet tank 302 by a positioning rod 305. The interior of the water inlet tank 302 is filled with cold water, and the cold water enters the interiors of the first heat exchange arc plate 401 and the second heat exchange arc plate 405 through the water inlet sealing plate 301, the adsorption block 304 and the water inlet tank 302 in turn. The cold water is filtered by the two adsorption blocks 304 and evenly diverted to the interior of the first heat exchange arc plate 401 through the water inlet tank 302.

[0037] See also Figure 2 and Figure 6A pressure relief and diversion mechanism 5 is installed on one side of the double-helix heat exchange mechanism 4, and the pressure relief and diversion mechanism 5 includes a one-way diversion box 501, which is fixedly connected to the middle part of the delivery pipe 402, and a diversion ring 503 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the one-way diversion box 501. A blocking seat 504 is movably installed on the lower end surface of the diversion ring 503, and a support spring 506 is installed on the lower end surface of the blocking seat 504. A diversion seat 505 is slidably connected to the outer side of the blocking seat 504. A pressure relief pipe 502 is provided on one side of the diversion seat 505, and the blocking seat 504 is connected to the diversion seat 505 through a support spring 506. One end of the pressure relief pipe 502 passes through the one-way diversion box 501 and is connected to the diversion seat 505. The pressure relief operation can be performed on the inside of the delivery pipe 402 through the pressure relief pipe 502 to maintain the stability of the delivery of the delivery pipe 402.

[0038] During use, leakage indicating liquid is injected into the inner side of the liquid storage tank 104 through the leakage discharge pipe 102, and the power is turned on, so that during the heat exchange process, the gas can be concentrated by the leakage indicating liquid and discharged through the leakage discharge pipe 102. At this time, the gas content can be monitored through the leakage discharge pipe 102 to monitor the gas leakage. Cold water is input into the inner side of the water inlet tank 302 through the water inlet sealing plate 301, so that the cold water is filtered by the two adsorption blocks 304 and evenly diverted to the inside of the first heat exchange arc plate 401 through the water inlet tank 302. The cold water is transported from the bottom to the top inside the first heat exchange arc plate 401 and the second heat exchange arc plate 405 to the inner side of the delivery pipe 402, thereby increasing the cold water delivery distance.

[0039] The gas is input into the inner side of the pressure-controlled input box 201 through the gas input pipe 202, and the transmission motor 203 is started, so that the transmission motor 203 drives the adjustment disk 206 to rotate relative to the conveying disk 210 under the support of the pressure-controlled input box 201, so that the adjustment disk 206 can adjust the air permeability of the conveying disk 210, and thus can control the amount of gas for heat exchange, maintain the stability of the gas input amount, and improve the heat exchange effect. The pressure-controlled input box 201 and the diversion box 207 are connected through the gas guide sleeve 209, so that the gas is transported to the inner side of the diversion box 207 through the gas guide sleeve 209 and output through the gas output pipe 204.

[0040] During this process, the coal gas is transported in a spiral shape between the outer hollow spiral rack 406 and the inner hollow spiral rack 407. The outer hollow spiral rack 406 and the inner hollow spiral rack 407 have the same rotation direction. The coal gas then exchanges heat with the first heat exchange arc plate 401, the second heat exchange arc plate 405, and the cold water inside the central heat exchange rack 403, which can effectively increase the contact area and improve the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the first heat exchange arc plate 401, the second heat exchange arc plate 405, and the central heat exchange rack 403 are connected through the delivery pipe 402, so that the cold water and the coal gas can contact and heat exchange twice through the flow diversion of the delivery pipe 402.

[0041] A one-way flow guide box 501 is fixed in the middle of the delivery pipe 402, and the blocking seat 504 is connected to the flow guide seat 505 by a support spring 506. When the delivery pipe 402 delivers hot water, the blocking seat 504 is driven to slide on the inner side of the flow guide seat 505 and compress the support spring 506, so that the delivery pipe 402 is connected to the pressure relief pipe 502, and then the pressure inside the delivery pipe 402 can be relieved through the pressure relief pipe 502 to maintain the stability of the delivery of the delivery pipe 402. The diversion box 207 is connected to the pressure control input box 201 through the return pipe 205, so that the gas after heat exchange can be partially refluxed through the return pipe 205, which can further improve the cooling effect of the gas.

[0042] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A coal gasification process gas-side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger, comprising an auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism (1), a coal gas pressure control and delivery mechanism (2) and a double spiral heat exchange mechanism (4), characterized in that: A diversion water delivery mechanism (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism (1), a gas pressure control delivery mechanism (2) is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism (1), a double helix heat exchange mechanism (4) is installed on the inner side of the gas pressure control delivery mechanism (2), and a pressure relief and diversion mechanism (5) is installed on one side of the double helix heat exchange mechanism (4); the auxiliary heat exchange sealing mechanism (1) comprises a sealed tank body (101), a leakage discharge pipe (102) is fixedly installed on one side of the sealed tank body (101), a gas sensor (103) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the leakage discharge pipe (102), and a liquid storage tank (104) is provided on the inner side of the middle part of the sealed tank body (101); the gas pressure control delivery mechanism (2) comprises two central air permeable discs (208), and the two central air permeable discs (208) are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the sealed tank body (101). A pressure-controlled input box (201) is fixedly mounted on the upper end face of one of the central air-permeable disks (208), a transmission motor (203) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the middle portion of the pressure-controlled input box (201), a gas input pipe (202) is fixedly mounted on one side of the transmission motor (203), an output end of the transmission motor (203) passes through the pressure-controlled input box (201) and is fixedly connected to an adjustment disk (206), a lower end face of the adjustment disk (206) is rotatably connected to a conveying disk (210), a gas guide sleeve (209) is fixedly mounted between the two central air-permeable disks (208), a diversion box (207) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the bottom end of the gas guide sleeve (209), a gas output pipe (204) is provided on the lower end face of the diversion box (207), and the pressure-controlled input box (201) and the diversion box (207) are connected via a return pipe (205); The double-helix heat exchange mechanism (4) comprises a central heat exchange frame (403), the central heat exchange frame (403) is fixedly connected to the diversion box (207), a steam output pipe (404) is provided at the upper end of the central heat exchange frame (403), an inner hollow helical frame (407) is provided on the outer surface of the central heat exchange frame (403), a first heat exchange arc plate (401) is installed on one side of the central heat exchange frame (403), a second heat exchange arc plate (405) is installed on the other side of the central heat exchange frame (403), the second heat exchange arc plate (405) is connected to the central heat exchange frame (403) via a delivery pipe (402), and an outer hollow helical frame (406) is fixedly provided on the inner walls of the first heat exchange arc plate (401) and the second heat exchange arc plate (405).

2. The coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion water delivery mechanism (3) comprises a water inlet sealing plate (301), the water inlet sealing plate (301) being fixedly connected to the sealed tank body (101), a water inlet box (302) being fixedly mounted on one side of the water inlet sealing plate (301), two flow guide baffles (303) being fixedly mounted on the inner side of the water inlet box (302), two adsorption blocks (304) being arranged between the two flow guide baffles (303), and four positioning rods (305) being mounted on the inner sides of the two adsorption blocks (304).

3. The coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief and diversion mechanism (5) comprises a one-way diversion box (501), the one-way diversion box (501) is fixedly connected to the middle of the delivery pipe (402), a diversion ring (503) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the one-way diversion box (501), a blocking seat (504) is movably installed on the lower end surface of the diversion ring (503), a support spring (506) is installed on the lower end surface of the blocking seat (504), a diversion seat (505) is slidably connected to the outer side of the blocking seat (504), and a pressure relief pipe (502) is provided on one side of the diversion seat (505).

4. The coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage discharge pipe (102) is connected to the liquid storage tank (104). The upper and lower ends of the gas guide sleeve (209) are fixedly connected to the sealed tank body (101) via a central air permeable disk (208). The inner side of the liquid storage tank (104) is provided with leakage indicating liquid.

5. The coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure control input box (201) and the middle part of the diversion box (207) are connected through a gas guide sleeve (209), and the upper and lower ends of the return pipe (205) are connected through the pressure control input box (201) and the diversion box (207). A stop valve is provided on the inner side of the bottom end of the return pipe (205).

6. The coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interiors of the water inlet box (302), the first heat exchange arc plate (401), and the second heat exchange arc plate (405) are connected through each other; the adsorption block (304) is fixedly connected to the water inlet box (302) via a positioning rod (305); the interior of the water inlet box (302) is filled with cold water, and the cold water enters the interiors of the first heat exchange arc plate (401) and the second heat exchange arc plate (405) in sequence through the water inlet sealing plate (301), the adsorption block (304), and the water inlet box (302).

7. The coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the delivery pipe (402) are connected to the second heat exchange arc plate (405) and the central heat exchange frame (403). One end of the steam output pipe (404) passes through one of the central air permeable plates (208) and is plugged into the inner side of the upper end of the central heat exchange frame (403). The outer hollow spiral frame (406) and the inner hollow spiral frame (407) have the same rotation direction.

8. The coal gasification process gas side spiral plate enhanced heat exchange waste heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blocking seat (504) is connected to the flow guide seat (505) via a support spring (506), and one end of the pressure relief pipe (502) passes through the one-way flow guide box (501) and is connected to the flow guide seat (505).

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