Air-cooled ultrasonic vibration machining device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing devices, including gas guide mechanism and magnetic attraction mechanism.Gas pipe is arranged in the machine tool spindle, hollow pull pin is placed with magnetic attraction gas guide pipe, and is supported by the bearing platform in the hollow bolt, magnetic attraction gas guide pipe is connected with gas pipe by magnetic attraction mechanism and is communicated, the cavity of ultrasonic cutter handle is equipped with internal cooling amplitude rod, internal cooling amplitude rod is connected with transducer by hollow bolt, internal cooling amplitude rod bottom end is sleeved with cutter, and the gas pipe on the external cold air system is connected with gas pipe;High-pressure cold air transported externally is input into cutter bottom end and ultrasonic cutter handle cavity by gas guide mechanism, can realize the cooling of transducer and cutter simultaneously, prolong the working time of ultrasonic auxiliary drilling and milling equipment and the service life of cutter, improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting processing, and in particular to an air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device. Technical Background

[0002] When cutting difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys, ultrasonic vibration-assisted processing technology is effective in reducing cutting forces and improving processing quality. However, for the processing of complex curved surface parts such as blades, the tool needs to work continuously for a long time. Once a certain pass is not completed and stops, it will cause obvious tool marks on the processed surface, and even cause processing scratches. In severe cases, the part will be scrapped. When the existing technology is running for a long time, there are generally shortcomings such as severe self-heating of the transducer, short working time, and poor processing stability. Not only will it cause the piezoelectric ceramics to burn or even the electrode weld to burn off, damaging the ultrasonic processing equipment, it will also affect the processing quality of the parts, making it difficult to be widely used in the field of aviation manufacturing and processing. In addition, oil mist lubrication or cutting fluid cooling will also threaten the health of machine tool operators and pollute the natural environment. Therefore, the above problems can be solved by a low-temperature air-cooled ultrasonic drilling and milling device that can work continuously for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes an air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device to solve the problems of severe self-heating, short working time and poor vibration stability when the existing technology is used.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an air-cooled ultrasonic vibration machining device, a tool holder fixing ball is provided inside the machine tool spindle, after the ultrasonic tool holder is inserted into the spindle, the clamping mechanism inside the spindle is activated, so that the tool holder fixing ball clamps the hollow rivet, and a center hole communicating with the ultrasonic tool holder cavity is provided at the center of the tail of the ultrasonic tool holder, characterized in that: an air pipe is provided inside the machine tool spindle, the lower half of the hollow rivet is threadedly connected to the center hole, a magnetic air guide tube is placed inside the hollow rivet, and the magnetic air guide tube is connected to the air pipe through a magnetic attraction mechanism.

[0005] An internal cooling horn is provided in the cavity of the ultrasonic tool handle, and the bottom end of the internal cooling horn is sleeved with a tool; a boss is provided on the outer periphery of the middle section of the internal cooling horn to form a stepped flange, and the internal cooling horn is fixed to the ultrasonic tool handle via a gland through the stepped flange; a hollow bolt is installed in the center of the internal cooling horn, and the transducer is threadedly connected to the internal cooling horn while applying a certain torque to tighten it;

[0006] The lower section of the magnetic air guide tube is inserted into the central hole of the hollow bolt. The lower end of the magnetic air guide tube is a tapered end surface. A bearing platform corresponding to the tapered end surface is provided inside the hollow bolt for limiting and supporting the magnetic air guide tube.

[0007] A long air guide hole is provided at the center of the internal cooling amplitude transformer, the upper part of the long air guide hole is connected to the bottom end of the hollow bolt, a pressure storage groove is provided at the lower part of the long air guide hole, a plurality of small air guide holes in communication with the long air guide hole are provided on the stepped flange, and are used to transmit cold air to the transducer, a plurality of cooling holes in communication with the pressure storage groove are provided at the connection between the tool and the internal cooling amplitude transformer, the air pipe, the magnetic air guide pipe, the pressure storage groove, the long air guide hole, the small air guide holes, and the cooling holes constitute an air guide mechanism; the air delivery pipe provided on the external cooling system is connected to the air pipe;

[0008] The lower part of the outer wall of the main shaft is covered with an upper disk of the wireless transmission disk and clamped with bolts. The outer periphery of the lower end of the ultrasonic tool handle is buried with a lower disk of the wireless transmission disk. The lower disk of the wireless transmission disk is connected to the wire. The wire passes through the wire hole in the tail of the ultrasonic tool handle and is connected to the transducer. A plug is provided on the outside of the upper disk of the wireless transmission disk, and the ultrasonic power supply supplies power to the transducer through the plug.

[0009] Furthermore, the magnetic attraction mechanism is as follows: the upper end of the magnetic air guide tube is a convex conical surface, a lower annular magnet is provided inside the convex conical surface, the lower end surface of the air pipe is provided with a concave conical groove corresponding to the convex conical surface, the upper annular magnet is embedded in the concave conical groove, the magnetic air guide tube is magnetically connected to the air pipe through the attraction between the upper annular magnet and the lower annular magnet, and the magnetic air guide tube is positioned and clamped by the conical surface.

[0010] Furthermore, a limiting ring is provided on the outer wall of the lower part of the magnetic air guide tube, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring does not exceed the outer diameter of the hollow rivet. The distance from the upper end face of the limiting ring to the bottom face of the hollow rivet is 1 to 5 mm greater than the distance from the upper annular magnet to the lower annular magnet when there is no magnetic connection.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the magnetic air guide tube is 0.5 mm to 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow bolt.

[0012] Furthermore, the ultrasonic knife handle is provided with an exhaust hole to relieve pressure and remove waste gas.

[0013] Furthermore, the volume of the pressure accumulation tank is larger than the total volume of the cooling hole to improve the tool cooling effect and chip blowing ability; the cooling hole is an inclined hole, and the axis of the cooling hole is parallel to the line connecting the tip of the tool bottom edge to the outer edge of the bottom surface of the pressure accumulation tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner diameters of the hollow bolt and the hollow rivet are equal.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper end of the internal cooling horn is a large end face, the lower end is a small end face, and a threaded hole is provided in the middle of the large end face.

[0016] For threaded connection with the bottom end of the hollow bolt.

[0017] Furthermore, a protruding small end face is provided in the middle of the lower end face of the air pipe, and the protruding small end face penetrates into the magnetic air guide tube to achieve communication between the lower end face of the air pipe and the magnetic air guide tube.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the protruding small end face is 0.5mm to 1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the magnetic air guide tube; the length of the magnetic air guide tube is 1mm shorter than the distance from the supporting platform to the lower end face of the air tube.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The mechanical structure of the device of the present invention is simple and reasonable, and the difficulty of equipment manufacturing is low. The device structure is symmetrical, has strong stability during rotation, and can perform high-speed cutting; in addition, the device mechanism can realize the automatic tool change function in CNC processing, and is suitable for popularization and use; compared with the liquid cooling method, the use of air cooling can reduce the risk of ultrasonic equipment short circuit caused by leakage, as well as the harm to the health of operators and the natural environment. In addition, the device also reduces the sealing link and will not affect the assembly accuracy of the ultrasonic tool handle; the device can achieve the cooling and chip blowing functions of the tool without relying on the internal cooling tool, that is, the use of traditional tools can still achieve the effect of cooling and chip removal, and it has good economic applicability, a wide processing range, and strong versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle AA section view;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic knife handle of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A perspective view of the internally cooled horn of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of middle part B;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part C in the middle.

[0027] In the figure: 1-machine tool spindle, 2-spindle outer wall, 3-tool holder fixing ball, 4-hollow pull nail, 5-air pipe, 51-lower end face, 52-concave tapered groove, 53-convex small end face, 54-upper annular magnet, 6-magnetic air guide tube, 61-convex tapered surface, 62-tapered end face, 63-lower annular magnet, 7-hollow bolt, 71-carrying platform, 8-internal cooling amplitude rod, 81-large end face, 82-threaded hole, 83-air guide long hole, 84-stepped Flange, 85-pressure storage tank, 86-cooling hole, 87-small end face, 9-transducer, 10-air guide hole, 11-ultrasonic tool handle, 111-tool slot, 112-center hole, 12-pressure cover, 13-exhaust hole, 14-wireless transmission disk upper plate, 15-plug, 16-wireless transmission disk lower plate, 17-ultrasonic power supply, 18-wire hole, 19-wire, 20-tool, 21-cooling system, 22-gas pipe, 23-limiting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention:

[0029] Example 1, see Figure 1-7 , an air-cooled ultrasonic vibration machining device, a tool holder fixing ball 3 is provided inside the machine tool spindle 1, after the ultrasonic tool holder 11 is inserted into the spindle 1, the clamping mechanism inside the spindle is activated, so that the tool holder fixing ball 3 clamps the hollow rivet 4, and a center hole 112 is opened at the center of the tail of the ultrasonic tool holder 11 to communicate with the cavity of the ultrasonic tool holder 11, an air pipe 5 is provided inside the machine tool spindle 1, and the lower half of the hollow rivet 4 is threadedly connected to the center hole 112, and a magnetic air guide 6 is placed inside the hollow rivet 4. The trachea 6 is magnetically connected to the trachea 5 via a magnetic attraction mechanism. The magnetic attraction mechanism is as follows: the upper end of the magnetic air guide tube 6 is a convex conical surface 61, and a lower annular magnet 63 is provided inside the convex conical surface 61. The lower end surface of the trachea 5 is provided with a concave conical groove 52 corresponding to the convex conical surface 61, and the upper annular magnet 54 is embedded in the concave conical groove 52. The magnetic air guide tube 6 is magnetically connected to the trachea 5 through the attraction between the upper annular magnet 54 and the lower annular magnet 63, and the magnetic air guide tube 6 is positioned and clamped by the conical surface.

[0030] An internal cooling horn 8 is provided in the cavity of the ultrasonic scalpel handle 11, and the bottom end of the internal cooling horn 8 is sleeved with the tool 20; a boss is provided on the outer periphery of the middle section of the internal cooling horn 8 to form a stepped flange 84, and the internal cooling horn 8 is fixed to the ultrasonic scalpel handle 11 via the stepped flange 84 with a gland 12; a hollow bolt 7 is installed in the center of the internal cooling horn 8, and the transducer 9 is threadedly connected to the internal cooling horn 8 while applying a certain torque to tighten;

[0031] The lower section of the magnetic air guide tube 6 is inserted into the central hole of the hollow bolt 7. The lower end of the magnetic air guide tube 6 is a tapered end surface 62. A bearing platform 71 corresponding to the tapered end surface 62 is provided inside the hollow bolt 7 for limiting and supporting the magnetic air guide tube 6.

[0032] An air guide slot 83 is provided at the center of the internal cooling horn 8. The upper portion of the air guide slot 83 is connected to the bottom end of the hollow bolt 7. A pressure accumulator groove 85 is provided at the lower portion of the air guide slot 83. A plurality of air guide holes 10 communicating with the air guide slot 83 are provided on the stepped flange 84 for transmitting cold air to the transducer 9. A plurality of cooling holes 86 communicating with the pressure accumulator groove 85 are provided at the connection between the tool 20 and the internal cooling horn 8. The air guide mechanism is composed of the air pipe 5, the magnetic air pipe 6, the pressure accumulator groove 85, the air guide slot 83, the air guide holes 10, and the cooling holes 86. The air delivery pipe 22 provided on the external cooling system 21 is connected to the air pipe 5.

[0033] A wireless transmission disk upper disk 14 is sleeved on the lower part of the outer wall 2 of the main shaft and clamped with bolts. A wireless transmission disk lower disk 16 is buried in the outer periphery of the lower end of the tail of the ultrasonic knife handle 11. The wireless transmission disk lower disk 16 is connected to the wire 19. The wire 19 passes through the wire hole 18 in the tail of the ultrasonic knife handle 11 and is connected to the transducer 9; a plug 15 is provided on the outside of the wireless transmission disk upper disk 14, and the ultrasonic power supply 17 supplies power to the transducer 9 through the plug 15.

[0034] A limiting ring 23 is provided on the outer wall of the lower part of the magnetic air guide tube 6, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring 23 does not exceed the outer diameter of the hollow rivet 4. The distance from the upper end surface of the limiting ring 23 to the bottom surface of the hollow rivet 4 is greater than the distance from the upper annular magnet 54 to the lower annular magnet 63 when there is no magnetic connection, which is 1 to 5 mm.

[0035] The outer diameter of the magnetic air guide tube 6 is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow bolt 7 by 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

[0036] The ultrasonic knife handle 11 is provided with an exhaust hole 13 for relieving pressure and removing waste gas.

[0037] The volume of the pressure accumulation groove 85 is larger than the total volume of the cooling hole 86 to improve the tool cooling effect and chip blowing ability; the cooling hole 86 is an inclined hole, and the axis of the cooling hole 86 is parallel to the line connecting the tip of the bottom edge of the tool 20 to the outer edge of the bottom surface of the pressure accumulation groove 85.

[0038] The inner diameters of the hollow bolt 7 and the hollow rivet 4 are equal.

[0039] The upper end of the internal cooling horn 8 is a large end face 81 , and the lower end is a small end face 87 . A threaded hole 82 is provided in the middle of the large end face 81 for threaded connection with the bottom end of the hollow bolt 7 .

[0040] A protruding small end surface 53 is provided in the middle of the lower end surface 51 of the air tube 5 , and the protruding small end surface 53 penetrates into the magnetic air guide tube 6 , thereby achieving communication between the lower end surface of the air tube 5 and the magnetic air guide tube 6 .

[0041] The outer diameter of the protruding small end surface 53 is 0.5mm to 1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the magnetic air guide tube 6; the length of the magnetic air guide tube 6 is 1mm shorter than the distance from the supporting platform 71 to the lower end surface of the air tube 5.

[0042] During installation, first fix the internal cooling amplitude transformer 8 connected to the transducer 9 to the ultrasonic knife handle 11 through the stepped flange 84 and the pressure cover 12, then place the magnetic air guide tube 6 into the ultrasonic knife handle 11, and limit and support it through the supporting platform 71, then screw in the hollow rivet 4, and then place the ultrasonic knife handle 11 into the tool magazine.

[0043] The present invention operates as follows: during operation, the tool 20 is clamped using heat shrink. The machine tool tool exchange mechanism inserts the ultrasonic tool holder 11 into the machine tool spindle 1 via the tool clamping slot 111 on the ultrasonic tool holder 11. The spindle's internal clamping mechanism activates, causing the tool holder's retaining ball 3 to clamp the hollow rivet 4. The upper annular magnet 54 attracts the magnetic air guide 6, which is positioned and clamped by the concave tapered groove 52 on the lower end face of the air guide 5, achieving a non-contact state between the outer wall of the magnetic air guide 6 and the inner bore of the hollow rivet 4. High-pressure cold air is delivered to the air guide 5 via the air delivery pipe 22 via the external cooling system 21. It is then delivered through the magnetic air guide 6 and the long air guide hole 83 to the front end of the internal cooling horn 8. The outer diameter of the protruding small end face 53 is smaller than the inner diameter of the magnetic air guide 6, ensuring that the high-pressure cold air enters the air guide mechanism without disrupting the magnetic connection. Gas accumulates in pressure accumulator 85, with a portion blowing directly toward the bottom edge of tool 20 through cooling holes 86. As the gas accumulates, another portion flows back upward, blowing toward transducer 9 through air guide holes 10, thereby cooling the tool. Exhaust holes 13 on ultrasonic tool handle 11 relieve pressure and remove exhaust gas. Simultaneously, ultrasonic power supply 17 transmits a high-frequency electrical oscillation signal via a wire to upper disk 14 of the wireless transmission disk. Upper disk 14 transmits the electrical energy to lower disk 16 of the wireless transmission disk via electromagnetic induction. Lower disk 16 transmits the electrical energy to transducer 9 via wire 19. Transducer 9 converts the electrical energy into mechanical vibration via the inverse piezoelectric effect, which is amplified by internal cooling horn 8 and transmitted to tool 20 for processing.

[0044] The air pipe 5 and the magnetic air guide tube 6 remain stationary during machining, and the machine tool spindle 1 clamps the ultrasonic tool holder 11 and rotates at high speed.

[0045] When the tool change or processing is completed, the machine tool spindle 1 stops, and the machine tool tool exchange mechanism clamps the tool clamping groove 111 to unload the ultrasonic tool handle 11 from the inside of the machine tool spindle 1, and the lower end face of the hollow rivet 4 is blocked by the upper end face of the limit ring 23, so that the magnetic air guide tube 6 falls into the inside of the ultrasonic tool handle 11 and is supported by the supporting platform 71. Then the ultrasonic tool handle 11 is put into the tool magazine, realizing the low-temperature air-cooled ultrasonic assisted processing automated tool changing process.

[0046] When the magnetism of the ring magnet is insufficient, the magnetic air guide tube 6 can be directly replaced manually.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device, characterized in that: A tool holder fixing ball (3) is provided inside the machine tool spindle (1); after the ultrasonic tool holder (11) is inserted into the spindle (1), the clamping mechanism inside the spindle is activated, so that the tool holder fixing ball (3) clamps the hollow rivet (4); a center hole (112) is provided at the center of the tail of the ultrasonic tool holder (11) and is communicated with the cavity of the ultrasonic tool holder (11); an air pipe (5) is provided inside the machine tool spindle (1); the lower half of the hollow rivet (4) is threadedly connected to the center hole (112); a magnetic air guide tube (6) is placed inside the hollow rivet (4); the magnetic air guide tube (6) is magnetically connected to the air pipe (5) through a magnetic attraction mechanism; An internal cooling amplitude variable rod (8) is provided in the cavity of the ultrasonic shank (11), and the bottom end of the internal cooling amplitude variable rod (8) is sleeved with a tool (20); a stepped flange (84) formed by a boss is provided on the outer periphery of the middle section of the internal cooling amplitude variable rod (8), and the internal cooling amplitude variable rod (8) is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic shank (11) through the stepped flange (84) with a pressure cover (12); a hollow bolt (7) is installed in the center of the internal cooling amplitude variable rod (8), and the transducer (9) is threadedly connected to the internal cooling amplitude variable rod (8) while applying a certain torque to tighten; The lower section of the magnetic air guide tube (6) is inserted into the central hole of the hollow bolt (7), the lower end of the magnetic air guide tube (6) is a tapered end surface (62), and a bearing platform (71) corresponding to the tapered end surface (62) is provided inside the hollow bolt (7) for limiting and supporting the magnetic air guide tube (6); The center of the internal cooling amplitude changing rod (8) is provided with an air guide long hole (83), the upper part of the air guide long hole (83) is connected to the bottom end of the hollow bolt (7), the lower part of the air guide long hole (83) is provided with a pressure storage groove (85), and a plurality of air guide holes (10) in communication with the air guide long hole (83) are provided on the stepped flange (84) for transmitting cold air to the transducer (9). A plurality of cooling holes (86) in communication with the pressure storage groove (85) are provided at the connection between the tool (20) and the internal cooling amplitude changing rod (8). The air pipe (5), the magnetic air pipe (6), the pressure storage groove (85), the air guide long hole (83), the air guide holes (10), and the cooling holes (86) constitute an air guide mechanism; the air supply pipe (22) provided on the external cooling air system (21) is connected with the air pipe (5); The lower part of the outer wall (2) of the main shaft is covered with a wireless transmission disk upper disk (14) and clamped with bolts. The outer periphery of the lower end of the tail of the ultrasonic shank (11) is buried with a wireless transmission disk lower disk (16). The wireless transmission disk lower disk (16) is connected to a wire (19). The wire (19) passes through a wire hole (18) in the tail of the ultrasonic shank (11) and is connected to the transducer (9). A plug (15) is provided on the outside of the wireless transmission disk upper disk (14), and an ultrasonic power supply (17) supplies power to the transducer (9) through the plug (15).

2. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction mechanism is as follows: the upper end of the magnetic air guide tube (6) is a convex conical surface (61), a lower annular magnet (63) is provided inside the convex conical surface (61), the lower end surface of the air pipe (5) is provided with a concave conical groove (52) corresponding to the convex conical surface (61), the upper annular magnet (54) is embedded in the concave conical groove (52), the magnetic air guide tube (6) is magnetically connected to the air pipe (5) through the attraction between the upper annular magnet (54) and the lower annular magnet (63), and the magnetic air guide tube (6) is positioned and clamped through the conical surface.

3. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring (23) is provided on the outer wall of the middle and lower portion of the magnetic air guide tube (6), and the outer diameter of the limiting ring (23) does not exceed the outer diameter of the hollow rivet (4). The distance from the upper end surface of the limiting ring (23) to the bottom surface of the hollow rivet (4) is 1 to 5 mm greater than the distance from the upper annular magnet (54) to the lower annular magnet (63) when not magnetically connected.

4. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the magnetic air guide tube (6) is 0.5 mm to 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow bolt (7).

5. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic knife handle (11) is provided with an exhaust hole (13) for relieving pressure and removing waste gas.

6. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the pressure accumulating groove (85) is larger than the total volume of the cooling hole (86) to improve the tool cooling effect and chip blowing ability; the cooling hole (86) is an inclined hole, and the axis of the cooling hole (86) is parallel to the line connecting the bottom edge of the tool (20) and the outer edge of the bottom surface of the pressure accumulating groove (85).

7. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the hollow bolt (7) and the hollow rivet (4) are equal.

8. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the internal cooling amplitude changing rod (8) is a large end face (81), and the lower end is a small end face (87). A threaded hole (82) is provided in the middle of the large end face (81) for threaded connection with the bottom end of the hollow bolt (7).

9. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protruding small end surface (53) is provided in the middle of the lower end surface (51) of the air pipe (5), and the protruding small end surface (53) penetrates into the magnetic air guide tube (6), thereby achieving communication between the lower end surface of the air pipe (5) and the magnetic air guide tube (6).

10. The air-cooled ultrasonic vibration processing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the protruding small end surface (53) is 0.5 mm to 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the magnetic air guide tube (6); the length of the magnetic air guide tube (6) is 1 mm shorter than the distance from the supporting platform (71) to the lower end surface of the air tube (5).

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