A coal mining dust suppression mechanism and a bucket loader based on the mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coal mining jet dust reduction mechanism, which comprises a jet component for spraying dust reduction on coal on a conveyor belt and the surrounding environment, wherein two ends of the jet component are respectively provided with a rotating expansion component for controlling the jet component to be expanded or retracted to both sides, and a lifting component is provided between the two rotating expansion components, which is used to raise and lower the height of the coal transported by the conveyor belt and drive the rotating expansion component to work, and a water supply component for supplying water to the jet component is provided on the outer side of the conveyor belt; the present invention also relates to a bucket loader, comprising the above-mentioned coal mining jet dust reduction mechanism; the dust reduction mechanism in the present invention can utilize the mechanical energy in the process of coal transportation, and can adjust the spray range and angle of the jet component without providing an additional power source, which not only reduces energy consumption and improves the automation level of the dust reduction mechanism, but also improves the dust reduction efficiency, reduces the dust content in the air, improves the environmental quality of coal mining work, and reduces the harm of dust to the health of workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining dust suppression by jetting, and in particular relates to a coal mining dust suppression mechanism and a bucket loader based on the mechanism. Background Art

[0002] During the coal mining process, coal mining bucket loaders and other equipment will generate a large amount of dust when cutting coal and loading coal. This dust not only seriously deteriorates the working environment of the working face and poses a threat to the health of underground workers, but excessive dust concentration may also cause safety hazards such as explosions. Therefore, the dust problem has become one of the key factors restricting coal mine safety production and sustainable development.

[0003] Traditional dust reduction methods such as coal seam water injection and ventilation dust removal have achieved certain dust reduction effects during coal mining, but they have many limitations. For example, the effect of coal seam water injection may fluctuate greatly due to factors such as coal seam geological conditions and water injection process; although ventilation dust removal can dilute dust concentration, it cannot fundamentally solve the dust problem, and in some cases may aggravate the spread of dust. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional dust reduction methods, spray dust reduction mechanisms have emerged. This mechanism converts water into water mist through a high-pressure water pump and sprays it into the air to combine with dust particles to wet and settle them. It can effectively reduce dust concentration in the air, improve the working environment, and protect worker health and production safety.

[0004] However, the existing coal mining dust suppression mechanism can only perform spray dust suppression on a single working face, and the spray range and angle are mostly fixed, and it is impossible to automatically adjust the spray range and angle according to the actual coal mining conditions. The intelligent spray dust suppression equipment is expensive, and the use and maintenance costs are high, which increases the cost of coal mining and cannot be used on a large scale. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a coal mining dust injection mechanism and a bucket loader based on the mechanism. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a coal mining spray dust reduction mechanism, which includes a spray component for spraying dust reduction on coal on a conveyor belt and the surrounding environment, wherein both ends of the spray component are respectively provided with a rotating expansion component for controlling the spray component to expand or retract to both sides, and a lifting component is provided between the two rotating expansion components, which is raised and lowered along with the coal transported by the conveyor belt and drives the rotating expansion component to work, and a water supply component for supplying water to the spray component is provided on the outer side of the conveyor belt.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the spraying assembly includes an arc-shaped main rod, and both ends of the main rod are vertically fixed to the top surfaces of the two side walls of the corresponding conveyor belt. A plurality of spray nozzles are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the main rod; arc-shaped auxiliary rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the main rod, and a plurality of spray nozzles are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the two auxiliary rods, and both ends of the two auxiliary rods are respectively connected to two rotation and expansion assemblies; the plurality of spray nozzles and the plurality of spray nozzles on the main rod and the two auxiliary rods are all supplied with water by a water supply assembly arranged on the side of the conveyor belt.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotation and expansion assembly includes a long fixed rod and a short fixed rod that are vertically and oppositely arranged at the top end of the inner vertical surface of the conveyor belt. The ends of the long fixed rod and the short fixed rod are respectively rotatably provided with a first gear and a second gear. The two gears are respectively meshed and connected with a first rack bar and a second rack bar through a limiting member radially rotatably mounted on the corresponding gear. The tops of the two first rack bars and the two second rack bars are respectively vertically and fixedly connected to the corresponding two ends of the two auxiliary rods, and the bottoms of the first rack bar and the second rack bar on the same side are pivotally connected to the end of the corresponding lifting assembly.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lifting assembly includes chutes vertically and oppositely attached to the two inner vertical surfaces of the conveyor belt. Sliders adapted to each other are respectively slidably arranged in the two chutes. Two round rods are vertically and oppositely arranged on the outer vertical surfaces of the two sliders. The end of the round rod at the top of the outer vertical surface of the slider is rotatably arranged with the bottom of the rotation and expansion assembly. A lifting rod is arranged between the round rods at the bottom of the outer vertical surfaces of the two sliders. A plurality of rotating and climbing wheels are rotatably arranged at equal intervals on the lifting rod.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotating and climbing wheel includes two triangular support plates, and three rotating wheels are rotatably arranged in a "pin" shape between the two support plates.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the limiting member includes a U-shaped support rotatably mounted on both side surfaces of the first gear or the second gear. A spring is vertically fixed to the middle of the inner bottom surface of the U-shaped support. The top end of the spring is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped cap, and the arc-shaped cap abuts against the outer side surface of the corresponding first rack bar or second rack bar.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water supply assembly includes a filter pump box arranged on the outer side surface of the conveyor belt. At least three filter plates are equidistantly arranged in the filter pump box along the vertical direction. Three water pipes are arranged on the top surface of the filter pump box. The three water pipes respectively supply water to the main rod and the two auxiliary rods, and a water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the outer vertical surface of the filter pump box.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the plurality of spray nozzles are all arranged toward the center of the arc-shaped main rod, and the spray nozzles are drooping spray nozzles.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the plurality of spray nozzles are all arranged to be inclined in a direction away from the main rod, and the spray nozzles are two-fluid air atomizing nozzles with adjustable angles.

[0015] The present invention also provides a preferred technical solution, a bucket loader, comprising the coal mining spraying and dust reduction mechanism as described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The coal mining jet dust reduction mechanism of the present invention realizes comprehensive and efficient dust reduction on the coal material on the conveyor belt and the surrounding environment through the jet component, the rotary expansion component, the lifting component and the water supply component. The dust reduction efficiency of the dust reduction mechanism is significantly improved through precise spray coverage and flexible adjustment mechanism, the dust content in the air is reduced, the quality of the coal mining working environment is improved, and the health hazards to the workers are reduced; the jet component can be flexibly expanded or retracted to both sides according to the actual situation of coal material transportation and operation requirements under the joint action of the rotary expansion component and the lifting component, thereby improving the coverage range of the dust reduction mechanism and ensuring that no matter how the distribution of the coal material on the conveyor belt changes, the best dust reduction mechanism can be maintained. Dust reduction effect. At the same time, the rotation and expansion adjustment makes it easy to fold up the injection assembly during non-operating hours, reducing space occupancy and facilitating maintenance. The lifting assembly will be lifted to different heights by the coal transported on the conveyor belt, and the lifting action of the coal will drive the rotation and expansion assembly to rotate or fold, utilizing the mechanical energy in the transportation process. The injection assembly can be adjusted without an additional power source, which not only simplifies the system structure and reduces energy consumption, but also improves the efficiency and automation level of the overall system. The water supply assembly arranged on the outer side of the conveyor belt provides a stable and reliable water source for the injection assembly, ensuring the continuity and stability of the spray dust reduction, and avoiding the decrease in dust reduction effect due to insufficient or interrupted water source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the dust suppression mechanism of the present invention is shown (I);

[0019] Figure 2 The overall structure schematic diagram of the dust suppression mechanism of the present invention is shown (II);

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side structure of the dust suppression mechanism of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 The overall structure schematic diagram of the dust suppression mechanism of the present invention is shown (III);

[0022] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the A part;

[0023] Figure 6 The overall structural schematic diagram of the dust suppression mechanism of the present invention is shown (IV);

[0024] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the B part;

[0025] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the dust suppression mechanism of the present invention installed on a bucket loader is shown in a top view.

[0026] As shown in the figure: 1. injection assembly; 11. main rod; 111. spray nozzle; 12. auxiliary rod; 121. spray nozzle; 2. water supply assembly; 21. filter pump box; 22. filter plate; 23. water pipe; 24. water inlet pipe; 3. lifting assembly; 31. slide; 32. slider; 33. lifting rod; 34. rotary climbing wheel; 341. support plate; 342. rotary wheel; 4. rotation and expansion assembly; 41. first rack rod; 42. second rack rod; 43. first gear; 431. long fixed rod; 44. second gear; 441. short fixed rod; 45. limiter; 451. U-shaped support; 452. spring; 453. arc cap; 5. bucket loader; 51. conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0028] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, a coal mining dust injection mechanism and a bucket loader based on the mechanism are provided as follows:

[0029] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 8 As shown, a coal mining spray dust reduction mechanism includes a spray assembly 1 for spraying dust reduction on the coal on the conveyor belt 51 and the surrounding environment, and both ends of the spray assembly 1 are respectively provided with a rotating expansion assembly 4 for controlling the expansion or retraction of the spray assembly to both sides, and a lifting assembly 3 is provided between the two rotating expansion assemblies 4 for raising and lowering the height of the coal transported by the conveyor belt 51 and driving the rotating expansion assembly 4 to work, and a water supply assembly 2 for supplying water to the spray assembly 1 is provided on the outer side of the conveyor belt 51.

[0030] By adopting the above technical scheme, the dust reduction mechanism realizes comprehensive and efficient dust reduction on the coal material on the conveyor belt 51 and the surrounding environment through the injection component 1, the rotation component 4, the lifting component 3 and the water supply component 2. Through precise spray coverage and flexible adjustment mechanism, the dust reduction efficiency of the dust reduction mechanism is significantly improved, the dust content in the air is reduced, the quality of the coal mining working environment is improved, and the health hazards to the workers are reduced; the injection component 1 can be flexibly expanded or retracted to both sides according to the actual situation of coal transportation and operation requirements under the joint action of the rotation component 4 and the lifting component 3, thereby improving the coverage range of the dust reduction mechanism and ensuring that no matter how the distribution of coal on the conveyor belt 51 changes, it can be maintained. The best dust reduction effect. At the same time, the rotation and expansion adjustment also makes it easy to fold up the injection assembly 1 during non-operating periods, reducing space occupancy and facilitating maintenance; the lifting assembly 3 will be lifted to different heights by the coal transported on the conveyor belt 51, and the lifting action of the coal will drive the rotation and expansion assembly 4 to rotate or fold, thereby utilizing the mechanical energy in the transportation process. The injection assembly 1 can be adjusted without an additional power source, which not only simplifies the system structure and reduces energy consumption, but also improves the efficiency and automation level of the overall system; the water supply assembly 2 arranged on the outer side of the conveyor belt 51 provides a stable and reliable water source for the injection assembly 1, ensuring the continuity and stability of the spray dust reduction, and avoiding the reduction of dust reduction effect due to insufficient or interrupted water source. Embodiment 2

[0031] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 8 As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further provides the following contents:

[0032] Combination Figure 1~Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the injection assembly 1 includes an arc-shaped main rod 11, and the two ends of the main rod 11 are respectively vertically fixed to the top surfaces of the two side walls corresponding to the conveyor belt 51, and a plurality of spray nozzles 111 are circumferentially evenly spaced on the main rod 11; arc-shaped sub-rods 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the main rod 11, and a plurality of spray nozzles 121 are respectively circumferentially evenly spaced on the two sub-rods 12, and the two ends of the two sub-rods 12 are respectively connected to two rotation and expansion assemblies 4; the multiple spray nozzles 111 and the multiple spray nozzles 121 on the main rod 11 and the two sub-rods 12 are all supplied with water by the water supply assembly 2 arranged on the side of the conveyor belt 51.

[0033] By adopting the above technical scheme, the spray nozzle 111 on the main rod 11 is responsible for large-area, high-volume spraying, which can quickly wet the surface of the coal and suppress the flying of dust, while the spray nozzles 121 on the auxiliary rods 12 on both sides spray out more delicate water mist, which can spray dust reduction on the gaps and fine details of the dust and coal in the environment on both sides of the dust reduction mechanism, further reducing the dust concentration. The dust reduction method of the combination of the spray nozzle 111 and the spray nozzle 121 ensures the comprehensiveness and efficiency of the dust reduction effect; the spray nozzle 111 on the main rod 11 and the spray nozzle 121 on the auxiliary rod 12 are both arranged in a circumferentially equidistant manner, which ensures the uniformity of spraying water mist or water flow, avoids local over-wetting or uncovered conditions, and ensures the uniformity of the coal on the entire conveyor belt 51. Uniform dust reduction; both ends of the auxiliary rod 12 are respectively connected to the rotating expansion component 4, so that the auxiliary rod 12 can be flexibly expanded or retracted according to the situation of the coal material, which not only improves the adaptability of the dust reduction mechanism, but also can adjust the spray range according to actual needs to ensure the maximization of the dust reduction effect; the main rod 11 and the auxiliary rod 12 are both arc-shaped, which not only ensures the stability of the injection assembly 1, but also avoids interference with the flow of coal material on the conveyor belt 51, and at the same time can also perform circumferential spray dust removal on the coal material transported on the conveyor belt 51; the multiple spray nozzles 111 and spray nozzles 121 on the injection assembly 1 are relatively independent. When a spray nozzle 111 or spray nozzle 121 fails, it can be replaced separately without disassembling the entire injection assembly 1, reducing maintenance costs and time.

[0034] Combination Figure 1~Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the water supply assembly 2 includes a filter pump box 21 arranged on the outer side of the conveyor belt 51, at least three filter plates 22 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction in the filter pump box 21, three water pipes 23 are arranged on the top surface of the filter pump box 21, the three water pipes 23 supply water to the main rod 11 and the two auxiliary rods 12 respectively, and a water inlet pipe 24 is arranged at the bottom of the outer facade of the filter pump box 21.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, at least three filter plates 22 arranged in the filter pump box 21 can effectively intercept and remove impurities, particulate matter, etc. in the water entering the pump box, ensure the clean water quality supplied to the main rod 11 and the two auxiliary rods 12, and prevent equipment blockage, corrosion and other problems caused by water quality problems, thereby further ensuring the timeliness and stability of water supply, and also extending the service life of the equipment; three water pipes 23 arranged on the top surface of the filter pump box 21 correspond to the main rod 11 and the two auxiliary rods 12, respectively, ensuring the reasonable distribution of water flow, so that each part that needs water supply can get it to a sufficient and stable water source; the water inlet pipe 24 is arranged at the bottom of the outer facade of the filter pump box 21, which is convenient for operation and maintenance, helps to reduce the direct impact of the water flow on the filter plate 22, and protects the filter plate 22 from damage; by adjusting the number and spacing of the filter plates 22, it can adapt to changes in different water qualities and water supply needs. In the case of poor water quality, the number of filter plates 22 can be increased or the spacing can be reduced to improve the filtering effect; the clean water source provided by the filter pump box 21 can reduce equipment failures and downtime caused by water quality problems, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0036] Combination Figure 1~Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the plurality of spray nozzles 111 are all arranged toward the center of the arc-shaped main rod 11 , and the spray nozzles 111 are drooping spray nozzles 111 .

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple spray nozzles 111 are all arranged toward the center of the arc-shaped main rod 11, which can ensure that the spray water mist can evenly cover the surface of the coal material transported by the conveyor belt 51 under the arc-shaped main rod 11, ensure the consistency and uniformity of the spraying effect, avoid spraying blind spots, improve the dust reduction efficiency, and uniform spraying can reduce repeated spraying or excessive spraying caused by uneven spraying, thereby saving water resources; the drooping spray nozzle 111 has the characteristics of adjustable water spray volume, uniform water spray, and soft water flow, which can ensure that the water mist is sprayed in a soft and uniform manner to reduce dust, avoid strong water flow impact, reduce water quality loss, and improve the dust reduction effect.

[0038] Combination Figure 1~Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the plurality of spray nozzles 121 are all arranged to be inclined in a direction away from the main rod 11 , and the spray nozzles 121 are two-fluid air atomizing nozzles with adjustable angles.

[0039] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, multiple two-fluid air atomizing nozzles are provided with high-speed air by an external air pump to break up the water flow, making the fluid particle size smaller, forming microparticles with a larger contact area, and more fully contacting and adsorbing the dust particles in the air, reducing the dust concentration in the air and improving the dust reduction efficiency. The two-fluid air atomizing nozzle has good atomization effect and uniform distribution of particles, reducing unnecessary waste, having lower energy consumption and water consumption, and meeting the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection; the spray nozzle 121 is tilted away from the main rod 11 to ensure that the spray can cover a wider area around the main rod 11, thereby realizing large-scale dust removal around the conveyor belt 51. The adjustable angle function of the spray nozzle 121 is convenient for adjusting the direction and range of the spray according to actual needs, thereby improving the dust reduction effect. Embodiment 3

[0040] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 8 As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further provides the following contents:

[0041] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotation and unfolding assembly 4 includes a long fixed rod 431 and a short fixed rod 441 which are vertically oppositely arranged at the top of the inner facade of the conveyor belt 51, and the ends of the long fixed rod 431 and the short fixed rod 441 are respectively rotatably arranged with a first gear 43 and a second gear 44, and the two gears are respectively meshed and connected with a first rack rod 41 and a second rack rod 42 through a limit piece 45 radially rotated and mounted on the corresponding gears, and the top ends of the two first rack rods 41 and the two second rack rods 42 are respectively vertically connected to the corresponding two ends of the two auxiliary rods 12, and the bottoms of the first rack rod 41 and the second rack rod 42 located on the same side are pivotally connected and arranged at the corresponding end of the lifting assembly 3.

[0042] By adopting the above technical scheme, the rotating assembly 4 moves up and down under the action of the lifting assembly 3, so that the two rack rods are meshed with the gear under the action of the limiter 45, so that the two rack rods are synchronously raised and rotated outward, and retracted inward when descending, driving the two auxiliary rods 12 to rotate or retract synchronously, ensuring the precise transmission between the gear and the rack, making the movement of the auxiliary rod 12 more stable and controllable, ensuring the synchronization of the two groups of auxiliary rods 12 during the adjustment process, avoiding deviations or errors caused by asynchrony, realizing flexible adjustment of the spray angle and range, and more comprehensively carrying out dust reduction treatment on the coal material, and through the precise cooperation of the gear, rack and limiter 45, ensuring the stability and reliability of the rotating assembly 4 during long-term operation; the bottom of the two rack rods are pivotally connected to the lifting assembly 3, providing power for the rotating assembly 4, realizing the rotation and lifting of the auxiliary rod 12, and ensuring the range and angle adjustability of the spray dust reduction of the two auxiliary rods 12.

[0043] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , and Figure 6 , the lifting assembly 3 includes sliding grooves 31 vertically and oppositely attached to the two inner vertical surfaces of the conveyor belt 51. Two sliders 32 adapted to each other are slidably disposed in the two sliding grooves 31 respectively. Two round bars are vertically and oppositely disposed on the outer vertical surfaces of the two sliders 32. The end of the round bar at the top of the outer vertical surface of the slider 32 is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the unfolding assembly 4. A lifting rod 33 is disposed between the round bars at the bottom of the outer vertical surfaces of the two sliders 32. A plurality of rotating climbing wheels 34 are rotatably disposed at equal intervals on the lifting rod 33.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding grooves 31 on the lifting assembly 3 are cooperatively disposed with the sliders 32, so that when the lifting rod 33 is lifted to different heights by the coal material on the conveyor belt 51, the slider 32 is driven to move along the sliding groove 31 together, thereby driving the unfolding assembly 4 connected to the slider 32 to adjust the height. The flexibility of the slider 32 ensures the smoothness and continuity of the lifting process, and at the same time provides power for the operation of the unfolding assembly 4, enabling the unfolding assembly 4 to drive the two auxiliary rods 12 to unfold and retract; the plurality of rotating climbing wheels 34 disposed at equal intervals on the lifting rod 33 are driven by the coal material on the conveyor belt 51 to rotate and lifted to the corresponding height. The rotation characteristics of the rotating climbing wheels 34 can also reduce the frictional resistance to a certain extent, making the lifting process smoother. At the same time, the equal interval setting of the rotating climbing wheels 34 not only ensures the uniform distribution of the lifting force, avoids structural damage caused by excessive local stress, but also can level the coal material accumulated on the conveyor belt 51 when the coal material passes by, improving the dust reduction effect of the spraying assembly 1 on the coal material.

[0045] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , and Figure 6 , the rotating climbing wheel 34 includes two triangular support plates 341, and three rotating wheels 342 are rotatably disposed between the two support plates 341 in a "pin" shape.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the three rotating wheels 342 are arranged in a "pin" shape between the two support plates 341, which not only enhances the overall strength of the rotating climbing wheel 34, enables it to maintain good stability in various complex environments, but also enables the rotating climbing wheel 34 to better withstand the impact of the coal material moving on the conveyor belt 51, extending the service life of the equipment; the three rotating wheels 342 are evenly distributed along the radial direction, enabling the rotating climbing wheel 34 to maintain a good centering effect during the traveling process, helping to reduce the shaking and deviation of the rotating climbing wheel 34 during the traveling process, improving the stability and accuracy of its climbing movement, and during the traveling process, the three rotating wheels 342 generate friction with the contact surface of the coal material through rolling. This rolling friction has smaller resistance and higher efficiency compared to sliding friction. Therefore, the rotating climbing wheel 34 can consume less energy when traveling on the coal material and achieve higher movement efficiency.

[0047] Combined with Figure 4~Figure 7 As shown, the limiting member 45 includes a U-shaped support 451 rotatably mounted on both side surfaces of the first gear 43 or the second gear 44. A spring 452 is vertically fixed in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the U-shaped support 451. The top end of the spring 452 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped cap 453, and the arc-shaped cap 453 abuts against the outer side surface of the corresponding first rack bar 41 or second rack bar 42.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, the U-shaped support 451 is rotatably mounted on both side surfaces of the gear, enabling the U-shaped support 451 to not only provide support in the vertical direction, but also make certain adaptive adjustments in the horizontal direction according to the movement conditions of the gear and the rack bar, and can better adapt to the relative movement between the gear and the rack bar, enabling the two staggered rack bars to always mesh with the corresponding gear during the movement process, ensuring the synchronism and stability of the movement of the rotating and unfolding assembly 4; the rack drives the gear to rotate during the movement process, and the limiting member 45 rotates adaptively under the combined action of the spring 452 and the arc-shaped cap 453, always keeping the arc-shaped cap 453 in contact with the outer side surface of the rack bar, ensuring that the two rack bars always mesh with the corresponding gear during the movement process, and improving the synchronism and stability of the meshing movement; the spring 452 is vertically fixed in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the U-shaped support 451 and is connected to the top end of the arc-shaped cap 453. When the rack bar collides or reaches during the transmission process, the spring 452 can absorb part of the impact energy, playing a role of buffering and shock absorption. This helps to reduce the direct impact and wear between mechanical components, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce noise and vibration. Due to the elastic characteristics of the spring 452, the arc-shaped cap 453 can generate a certain amount of elastic deformation when contacting the rack bar, thereby allowing a certain degree of adaptive adjustment. This adaptive adjustment ability enables the limiting member 45 to adapt to the minute changes under different working conditions, such as the dimensional changes of components caused by temperature changes or the minute errors during the transmission process, improving the adaptability and reliability of the mechanical system. Embodiment Four

[0049] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 8 As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further provides a bucket loader 5, including the coal mining spraying and dust reduction mechanism as described above.

[0050] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the coal mining spray dust reduction mechanism equipped on the bucket loader 5 can adjust the spray range and angle of multiple spray heads on the two sub-rods 12 according to the amount of coal transported to the conveyor belt 51 by the bucket loader 5 through the joint action of the spray component 1 and the rotation component 4, thereby achieving comprehensive and efficient dust reduction of the coal on the conveyor belt 51 and the surrounding environment of the bucket loader 5. Through precise spray coverage and flexible adjustment mechanism, the dust reduction efficiency of the dust reduction mechanism is significantly improved, the dust content in the air is reduced, the working environment quality of the bucket loader 5 during coal mining is improved, and the health hazards to the workers are reduced.

[0051] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0052] First, the bucket loader 5 is operated, and the coal is transported from the front end of the bucket loader 5 to the conveyor belt 51 through the bucket. At this time, the water supply component 2 and the air pump are working, and the spray component 1 starts spraying. The spray nozzle 111 on the main rod 11 always sprays the coal transported below it in a circumferential direction, and the lifting rod 33 rises and falls according to the amount of coal passing on the conveyor belt 51. When the coal is less, the two ends of the lifting rod 33 are located at the bottom of the chute 31. At this time, the multiple spray heads on the two auxiliary rods 12 are sprayed toward the environment on both sides of the dust reduction mechanism and the coal at a farther position on the conveyor belt 51. Mist dust reduction, when there is a lot of coal, the lifting rod 33 drives the slider 32 to rise, so that the two gear rods move synchronously, and the two auxiliary rods 12 are respectively inclined to the two sides of the main rod 11 and close to the conveyor belt 51. At this time, the multiple spray nozzles 121 on the two auxiliary rods 12 are aimed at the coal on both sides of the dust reduction mechanism to spray and reduce dust. Therefore, when the coal is less, the dust reduction mechanism sprays and reduces dust on the surrounding environment and the coal passing under it. When the coal is more, it concentrates on multiple sprays to reduce dust on the coal passing under it and on both sides. The dust reduction mechanism is adjusted according to the amount of coal transported on the conveyor belt 51.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mining dust suppression mechanism, characterized in that: The dust reduction mechanism comprises a spray assembly (1) for spraying dust reduction on coal materials on a conveyor belt (51) and the surrounding environment, the spray assembly (1) comprising an arc-shaped main rod (11) and arc-shaped auxiliary rods (12) respectively arranged on both sides of the main rod (11), and a rotating expansion assembly (4) for controlling the two auxiliary rods (12) to expand or retract to both sides is respectively arranged at both ends of the spray assembly (1), the rotating expansion assembly (4) comprising a first rack rod (41) and a second rack rod (42) which are arranged in a bottom pivot connection, and the two first rack rods (41) and The top ends of the two second rack rods (42) are respectively vertically connected to the corresponding two ends of the two auxiliary rods (12); a lifting assembly (3) is arranged between the two rotating and spreading assemblies (4) to drive them to work, and the lifting assembly (3) comprises a lifting rod (33) which is raised and lowered along with the coal material conveyed by the conveyor belt (51); the lifting rod (33) is respectively connected to the bottom of the two rotating and spreading assemblies (4) through sliders (32) vertically fixed at both ends; a water supply assembly (2) for supplying water to the injection assembly (1) is arranged on the outer side surface of the conveyor belt (51); The spray assembly (1) comprises an arc-shaped main rod (11), the two ends of the main rod (11) are respectively fixedly fixed to the top surfaces of the two side walls of the corresponding conveyor belt (51), and a plurality of spray nozzles (111) are arranged on the main rod (11) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; arc-shaped auxiliary rods (12) are respectively arranged on the two sides of the main rod (11), and a plurality of spray nozzles (121) are respectively arranged on the two auxiliary rods (12) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the two ends of the two auxiliary rods (12) are respectively connected to two rotating expansion assemblies (4); the plurality of spray nozzles (111) and the plurality of spray nozzles (121) on the main rod (11) and the two auxiliary rods (12) are supplied with water by a water supply assembly (2) arranged on the side of the conveyor belt (51); The rotating expansion assembly (4) comprises a long fixed rod (431) and a short fixed rod (441) which are vertically arranged at the top of the inner vertical surface of the conveyor belt (51); the ends of the long fixed rod (431) and the short fixed rod (441) are respectively rotatably arranged with a first gear (43) and a second gear (44); the two gears are respectively meshed and connected with a first rack rod (41) and a second rack rod (42) through a limiter (45) mounted on the corresponding gears through radial rotation; the top ends of the two first rack rods (41) and the two second rack rods (42) are respectively vertically connected to the corresponding two ends of the two auxiliary rods (12); and the bottom ends of the first rack rod (41) and the second rack rod (42) located on the same side are pivotally connected and arranged at the corresponding end of the lifting assembly (3); The limiting member (45) comprises a U-shaped support (451) rotatably mounted on two side surfaces of the first gear (43) or the second gear (44), a spring (452) is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the U-shaped support (451), an arc-shaped cap (453) is fixedly connected to the top end of the spring (452), and the arc-shaped cap (453) is in contact with the outer side surface of the corresponding first rack rod (41) or the second rack rod (42); The lifting assembly (3) includes chutes (31) vertically and oppositely attached to the two inner vertical surfaces of the conveyor belt (51). Sliders (32) adapted to each other are slidably arranged in the two chutes (31) respectively. Two round rods are vertically and oppositely arranged on the outer vertical surfaces of the two sliders (32). The end of the round rod at the top of the outer vertical surface of the slider (32) is rotatably arranged with the bottom of the unfolding assembly (4). A lifting rod (33) is arranged between the round rods at the bottom of the outer vertical surfaces of the two sliders (32). A plurality of rotating climbing wheels (34) are rotatably arranged at equal intervals on the lifting rod (33); A plurality of the spray nozzles (111) are all arranged towards the center of the arc-shaped main rod (11), and the spray nozzles (111) are downward drooping spray nozzles (111); A plurality of the atomizing nozzles (121) are all inclined away from the main rod (11), and the atomizing nozzles (121) are two-fluid air atomizing nozzles with adjustable angles.

2. A coal mining dust suppression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating climbing wheel (34) includes two triangular support plates (341). Three rotating wheels (342) are rotatably arranged in a "pin" shape between the two support plates (341).

3. A coal mining dust suppression mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply assembly (2) includes a filter pump box (21) arranged on the outer side surface of the conveyor belt (51). At least three filter plates (22) are horizontally arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction in the filter pump box (21). Three water pipes (23) are arranged on the top surface of the filter pump box (21). The three water pipes (23) supply water to the main rod (11) and the two sub-rods (12) respectively. An inlet pipe (24) is arranged at the bottom of the outer side surface of the filter pump box (21).

4. A bucket loader, characterized in that: It includes the coal mining spraying and dust reduction mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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