A natural organic silicon liquid suspension fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer consists of a biochar diatomite composite, an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid and water; the biochar diatomite composite consists of grape vine biochar, zinc chloride, acid-washed diatomite and polydimethylsiloxane; the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist consists of an organosilicon emulsion, chitosan and inulin; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer prepared by adsorbing fertilizer particles onto the biochar diatomite composite and adding the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist has enhanced adsorption and adhesion, effectively reduces the precipitation and precipitation of the fertilizer in the suspension system, improves the stability, improves the wetting ability and adhesion ability of the liquid suspension fertilizer on the plant surface, thereby increasing the deposition of nutrients in the fertilizer and significantly enhancing the fertilizer effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and specifically refers to a natural organic silicon liquid suspension fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Suspended fertilizer is a highly concentrated liquid fertilizer that can be sprayed or flushed and is easy to use. It and clear liquid fertilizer constitute the two major types of liquid fertilizers. Clear liquid fertilizer has a clear or translucent appearance, but has the disadvantage of low nutrient content, which limits the long-distance use of clear liquid fertilizer. The emergence of liquid suspended fertilizer effectively solves the problems existing in clear liquid fertilizer. Suspended fertilizer is a highly concentrated liquid fertilizer. Compared with clear liquid fertilizer, its nutrient content is greatly improved. The total nutrient content can reach 35-45%, or even higher, which is similar to the nutrient content of general granular compound fertilizers, reducing the transportation cost of liquid fertilizers with the same amount of nutrients, making long-distance transportation of liquid fertilizers possible. As a high-quality liquid fertilizer, the application of semi-fluid liquid suspended fertilizer has obvious advantages in improving fertilizer utilization, saving agricultural water, reducing ecological environmental pollution, and improving crop quality, which has greatly promoted the development of the liquid fertilizer industry.

[0003] The existing technology currently has the following problems:

[0004] The stability of suspended fertilizers needs to be further improved to reduce the sedimentation and precipitation of fertilizer particles. At the same time, the hydrophobic wax layer on the surface of the plant repels the fertilizer solution. The solution of the suspended fertilizer cannot be effectively deposited on the surface of the plant, resulting in loss, thereby reducing the fertilizer efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of biochar diatomaceous earth composite, 20-30 parts of organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, 10-15 parts of urea, 8-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8-10 parts of humic acid, and 40-60 parts of water.

[0006] The biochar diatomite composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of grape vine biochar, 5-10 parts of zinc chloride, 10-12 parts of acid-washed diatomite, and 20-30 parts of polydimethylsiloxane.

[0007] The organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of organosilicon emulsion, 10-20 parts of chitosan, and 8-10 parts of inulin.

[0008] The method for preparing the biochar diatomaceous earth composite specifically comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) After cleaning the discarded grape vines, soak them in zinc chloride solution for 10-12 hours, and then perform ultrasonic treatment at an ultrasonic temperature of 50-60°C, an ultrasonic frequency of 30-50KHz, an ultrasonic power of 600-800W, and an ultrasonic time of 20-30min. Filter, dry, crush, and sieve the grape vine powder. Transfer the grape vine powder into a muffle furnace and perform anaerobic conditions at a heating rate of 5-10°C / min. The high-temperature pyrolysis temperature is 400-600°C and maintained for 2-3 hours. Too high a pyrolysis temperature can cause the biochar structure to collapse, produce more fragments, and reduce the biochar's ability to load active substances. After the pyrolysis is completed, cool it naturally to room temperature, collect the product, and use grape vines as raw materials to prepare biochar, which not only alleviates the pressure of agricultural waste, but also obtains organic matter with rich pore structure and large specific surface area, which can adsorb nutrients in fertilizers to form a suspension system to obtain grape vine biochar;

[0010] (2) Dry 20g of diatomaceous earth, remove excess water, grind it in a mortar, and pass it through a 200-300 mesh sieve. The pretreatment of grinding and screening can remove large particle impurities in the diatomaceous earth. Add the treated diatomaceous earth into 50mL of a sulfuric acid solution with a mass fraction of 20-30%, mix and soak for 12-24h, place it in a water bath after soaking, control the temperature to 75-85℃, the water bath time to 40-60min, filter it, and continuously add deionized water for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, dry it, the drying temperature to 80-100℃, the drying time to 30-40min, grind it, pass it through a 300-400 mesh sieve, and modify the diatomaceous earth by acid washing, effectively remove the excess substances on the surface of the diatomaceous earth, expose more pores, thereby enhancing the adsorption performance, and obtain acid-washed diatomaceous earth;

[0011] (3) The acid-washed diatomaceous earth described in step (2) and the grape vine biochar described in step (1) are mixed evenly and set aside. The addition of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth can significantly improve the adsorption performance of the grape vine biochar, making it difficult for the fertilizer particles to precipitate and precipitate, thereby improving the stability of the suspension system. First, polydimethylsiloxane liquid is added to the bottom of the PPL liner, a screen is placed above the liquid surface, and then the mixture of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth and the grape vine biochar is evenly spread on the screen. The PPL liner is loaded into the shell of the hydrothermal reactor, placed in a muffle furnace, heated at 200-250° C. for 50-60 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and taken out. The hydrophobic modification of the polydimethylsiloxane reduces the surface tension of the biochar-based suspended fertilizer, increases the wettability and adhesion to the plant surface, and is conducive to reducing the loss of fertilizer, thereby obtaining a biochar-diatomaceous earth composite;

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the mass fraction of the zinc chloride solution is 5-10%. Zinc chloride reacts violently with the biomass raw material at high temperature, has a catalytic dehydration effect, increases the pore structure of the biochar, and increases the specific surface area, thereby increasing the loading capacity and adsorption capacity.

[0013] The preparation method of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid specifically comprises the following steps:

[0014] a. Add 3-5% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of acrylic acid and polymethyl hydrogen siloxane into a four-necked flask, heat to 80-100°C, slowly drip 2-3% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of chloroplatinic acid, complete the dripping within 15-20 minutes, control the temperature at 80-100°C to react for 5-7 hours, distill under reduced pressure, cool, neutralize with 0.5-1.5% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide to pH 4-6, distill under reduced pressure, and prepare the organosilicon emulsion by the addition reaction of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane and acrylic acid, which has good wettability, can improve the wetting speed and spreading performance of liquid suspended fertilizer, reduce the loss of fertilizer, and obtain the organosilicon emulsion;

[0015] b. Add chitosan to an acetic acid solution having a mass fraction of 3-5%, stir, add the organosilicon emulsion described in step a, stir magnetically for 20-30 min, stir at a speed of 6000-8000 rpm, then add an inulin solution having a mass fraction of 2-3%, continue to stir magnetically for 20-30 min, stir at a speed of 6000-8000 rpm, the addition of the polysaccharide substances chitosan and inulin enhances the adhesion of the organosilicon emulsion and reduces the loss caused by the rebound of the liquid suspended fertilizer spraying, thereby obtaining an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid;

[0016] Preferably, in step b, the amount of chitosan added is 1.5-2.5 g. Chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide that can form anion and cation adsorption with the plant surface, enhance the adhesion of liquid suspended fertilizer to the plant leaf surface, increase the effective deposition of fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Put urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, and biochar diatomaceous earth composite into a high shear reactor, add 1-2 times the amount of water, control the speed to 500-600rpm, and stir for 10-30min. The biochar diatomaceous earth composite can effectively absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the fertilizer, play a protective role on nutrients, and also has slow release properties, further reducing the loss of fertilizer, and obtaining fertilizer liquid;

[0019] S2, adding an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to the fertilizer solution described in step S1, the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist increases the viscosity in the suspension system, which is beneficial to the stability of the suspended fertilizer, and also effectively improves the wetting and adhesion ability of the suspended fertilizer on the plant surface, thereby promoting a significant improvement in fertilizer efficiency, and high-pressure homogenization to obtain a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer;

[0020] Preferably, in step S2, during the high-pressure homogenization process, the homogenization pressure is 800-1000 bar, and the homogenization time is 1-2 min. High-pressure homogenization can further enhance the dispersion effect of the organosilicon complex polysaccharide synergistic aid.

[0021] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The invention prepares a natural organic silicon liquid suspension fertilizer by adsorbing fertilizer particles onto a biochar diatomite composite and then adding an organic silicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, which enhances the adsorption and adhesion properties, effectively reduces the precipitation and precipitation of fertilizers in the suspension system, improves the stability of the liquid suspension fertilizer, and at the same time improves the wetting ability and adhesion ability of the liquid suspension fertilizer on the plant surface, thereby increasing the effective deposition of nutrients in the fertilizer and significantly enhancing the fertilizer effect; in the biochar diatomite composite, a complex morphology of porous clusters and flocculent structures is formed on the surface, which has a strong adsorption capacity and reduces The precipitation and precipitation of fertilizer particles are reduced, which is beneficial to enhancing the stability of the suspension system. The hydrophobic modification of polydimethylsiloxane reduces the surface tension between the biochar diatomaceous earth composite and the plant leaf surface, and improves the wettability and adhesion of the liquid suspended fertilizer to the plant surface, thereby effectively reducing the loss of fertilizer; the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic additive forms a highly adhesive emulsion, which improves the viscosity of the liquid suspended fertilizer, is beneficial to the stability of the suspension system, and reduces the precipitation of fertilizer particles. The addition of organosilicon improves the wetting speed and spreading performance of the liquid suspended fertilizer, which is beneficial to The addition of chitosan makes the organosilicon complex polysaccharide synergist positively charged, which can be adsorbed on the negatively charged surfaces of plant leaves and roots, further enhancing the adhesion of liquid suspended fertilizers on the plant surface and reducing the adverse effects of fertilizer loss on the effect of fertilizers due to the loss of fertilizers on the leaves. The addition of inulin can work together with chitosan to give the organosilicon complex polysaccharide synergist excellent adhesion ability, reducing the fertilizer loss caused by the rebound of liquid suspended fertilizer spraying; the organosilicon complex polysaccharide synergist further enhances the adsorption, wettability, The adhesion is conducive to the deposition of liquid suspended fertilizer on the surface of plants. At the same time, the high adhesion of the additive enhances the stability of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite in the suspension system, and it also has a certain slow release property, which also plays a positive role in reducing the loss of fertilizer. The present invention uses biochar diatomaceous earth composite, organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic additive, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid and water to prepare a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer, which enhances the stability of the liquid suspended fertilizer, increases the effective deposition of nutrients in the fertilizer on the surface of plants, reduces the loss of fertilizer, and achieves the beneficial effect of enhancing fertilizer efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 The graphs are the results of the sedimentation heights of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 The contact angle and silicon nitrogen retention rate of corn leaves of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention are shown in FIG.

[0027] Figure 5 The figure is a result diagram of the number of grains per ear and the yield increase rate of Examples 1-4 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described herein are for demonstration purposes only and are not intended to limit the content of this application.

[0030] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the experimental materials used in the following examples are purchased from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0031] The sources of the reagents used in the examples are as follows:

[0032] Urea CAS No: 57-13-6, brand Innochem, product number A68476;

[0033] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate CAS No: 7778-77-0, brand Innochem, product number A33713;

[0034] Humic acid CAS No: 1415-93-6, brand Alfa, product number 041747;

[0035] Zinc chloride CAS No: 7646-85-7, brand Innochem, product number A30488;

[0036] Diatomaceous earth CAS No: 61790-53-2, brand Innochem, product number A90793;

[0037] Sulfuric acid CAS No: 7664-93-9, brand Acros, product number 124640100;

[0038] Sodium hydroxide CAS No: 1310-73-2, brand Innochem, product number A36865;

[0039] Polydimethylsiloxane CAS No: 9006-65-9, brand Apinno, item number GY-1000CST;

[0040] Acrylic acid CAS No: 79-10-7, brand Innochem, product number A24881;

[0041] Polymethylhydrogensiloxane CAS No: 63148-57-2, brand Alfa, product number L14561;

[0042] Chloroplatinic acid CAS No: 26023-84-7, brand Innochem, product number A78840;

[0043] Acetic acid CAS No: 64-19-7, brand Innochem, product number A11557;

[0044] Chitosan CAS No: 9012-76-4, brand Innochem, product number A41618;

[0045] Inulin CAS No: 9005-80-5, brand Innochem, product number A82328;

[0046] Anhydrous ethanol CAS No: 64-17-5, brand Innochem, product number G00004.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This embodiment proposes a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of biochar diatomaceous earth composite, 30 parts of organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of humic acid, and 60 parts of water.

[0049] The biochar diatomaceous earth composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of grape vine biochar, 10 parts of zinc chloride, 12 parts of acid-washed diatomaceous earth, and 30 parts of polydimethylsiloxane.

[0050] The organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic auxiliary comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of organosilicon emulsion, 20 parts of chitosan and 10 parts of inulin.

[0051] The preparation method of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite specifically comprises the following steps:

[0052] (1) After the discarded grape vines are cleaned, they are placed in a zinc chloride solution and soaked for 12 hours. The mass fraction of the zinc chloride solution is 10%. Zinc chloride reacts violently with the biomass raw material at high temperature, which has the effect of catalytic dehydration, increasing the pore structure and specific surface area of ​​the biochar, thereby increasing the loading capacity and adsorption capacity. Then, ultrasonic treatment is carried out. The ultrasonic temperature is 60℃, the ultrasonic frequency is 50KHz, the ultrasonic power is 800W, and the ultrasonic time is 30min. Filtration, drying, crushing, and sieving are carried out. The grape vine powder is transferred into a muffle furnace. Anaerobic conditions are carried out at a heating rate of 10℃ / min. The high temperature pyrolysis temperature is 600℃ and maintained for 3h. Too high a pyrolysis temperature can cause the biochar structure to collapse, produce more fragments, and reduce the ability of the biochar to load active substances. After the pyrolysis is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature and the product is collected. The preparation of biochar using grape vines as raw materials not only alleviates the pressure of agricultural waste, but also obtains organic matter with rich pore structure and large specific surface area, which can adsorb nutrients in fertilizers to form a suspension system to obtain grape vine biochar;

[0053] (2) Dry 20g of diatomaceous earth, remove excess water, grind it in a mortar, and pass it through a 300-mesh sieve. The pretreatment of grinding and screening can remove large particles of impurities in the diatomaceous earth. Add the treated diatomaceous earth into 50mL of a 30% sulfuric acid solution by mass, mix and soak for 24h, place it in a water bath after soaking, control the temperature to 85℃, the water bath time to 60min, filter it, and continuously add deionized water for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, dry it, the drying temperature is 100℃, the drying time is 40min, grind it, pass it through a 400-mesh sieve, and modify the diatomaceous earth by acid washing, effectively remove the excess substances on the surface of the diatomaceous earth, expose more pores, thereby enhancing the adsorption performance, and obtain acid-washed diatomaceous earth;

[0054] (3) The acid-washed diatomaceous earth described in step (2) and the grape vine biochar described in step (1) are mixed evenly and set aside. The addition of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth can significantly improve the adsorption performance of the grape vine biochar, making it difficult for the fertilizer particles to precipitate and precipitate, thereby improving the stability of the suspension system. First, polydimethylsiloxane liquid is added to the bottom of the PPL liner, and a screen is placed above the liquid surface. Then, the mixture of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth and the grape vine biochar is evenly spread on the screen. The PPL liner is loaded into the shell of the hydrothermal reactor, placed in a muffle furnace, heated at 250° C. for 60 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and taken out. The hydrophobic modification of polydimethylsiloxane reduces the surface tension of the biochar-based suspended fertilizer, increases the wettability and adhesion to the plant surface, and is beneficial to reducing the loss of fertilizer, thereby obtaining a biochar-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0055] The preparation method of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid specifically comprises the following steps:

[0056] a. Add 5% by mass acrylic acid anhydrous ethanol solution and polymethyl hydrogen siloxane into a four-necked flask, heat to 100°C, slowly drip 3% by mass chloroplatinic acid anhydrous ethanol solution, complete the dripping within 20 minutes, control the temperature at 100°C to react for 7 hours, distill under reduced pressure, cool, neutralize with 1.5% by mass sodium hydroxide anhydrous ethanol solution to pH 6, distill under reduced pressure, and prepare the organosilicon emulsion by the addition reaction of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane and acrylic acid. The organosilicon emulsion has good wettability, can improve the wetting speed and spreading performance of liquid suspended fertilizer, and reduce the loss of fertilizer, thereby obtaining the organosilicon emulsion;

[0057] b. Add chitosan to an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 5%, the amount of chitosan added is 2.5 g. Chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide that can form anion and cation adsorption with the plant surface, enhance the adhesion of liquid suspended fertilizer on the plant leaf surface, increase the effective deposition of fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency. Stir, add the organosilicon emulsion described in step a, magnetically stir for 30 minutes, and stir at a speed of 8000 rpm. Then add 3% inulin solution by mass, continue magnetic stirring for 30 minutes, and stir at a speed of 8000 rpm. The addition of polysaccharide substances chitosan and inulin enhances the adhesion of the organosilicon emulsion and reduces the loss caused by the rebound of liquid suspended fertilizer spraying, thereby obtaining an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid.

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0059] S1. Put urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, and biochar diatomaceous earth composite into a high shear reactor, add 2 times the amount of water, control the speed to 600rpm, and stir for 30min. The biochar diatomaceous earth composite can effectively absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the fertilizer, play a protective role on nutrients, and also has slow release properties, further reducing the loss of fertilizer, and obtaining fertilizer liquid;

[0060] S2. Adding the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to the fertilizer solution described in step S1, the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist increases the viscosity of the suspension system, which is beneficial to the stability of the suspended fertilizer. At the same time, it also effectively improves the wetting and adhesion ability of the suspended fertilizer on the plant surface, thereby promoting a significant improvement in fertilizer efficiency. High-pressure homogenization, during the high-pressure homogenization process, the homogenization pressure is 1000 bar, and the homogenization time is 2 minutes. High-pressure homogenization can further enhance the dispersing effect of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to obtain a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer.

[0061] In this example, the prepared biochar diatomite composite and organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic additive were subjected to scanning electron microscopy to observe their microscopic morphology. Figure 1This is a SEM image of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite prepared in Example 1, magnified 1000 times. Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic agent prepared in Example 1, magnified 400 times. Figure 1 The biochar diatomite composite prepared in this embodiment presents a porous cluster and flocculent structure, such as Figure 2 The organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid prepared in this embodiment is a highly adhesive emulsion.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment proposes a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of biochar diatomaceous earth composite, 20 parts of organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, 10 parts of urea, 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of humic acid, and 40 parts of water.

[0064] The biochar diatomaceous earth composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of grape vine biochar, 5 parts of zinc chloride, 10 parts of acid-washed diatomaceous earth, and 20 parts of polydimethylsiloxane.

[0065] The organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic auxiliary comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of organosilicon emulsion, 10 parts of chitosan and 8 parts of inulin.

[0066] The preparation method of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite specifically comprises the following steps:

[0067] (1) After the discarded grape vines are cleaned, they are placed in a zinc chloride solution and soaked for 10 hours. The mass fraction of the zinc chloride solution is 5%. Zinc chloride reacts violently with the biomass raw material at high temperature, which has the effect of catalytic dehydration, increasing the pore structure and specific surface area of ​​the biochar, thereby increasing the loading capacity and adsorption capacity. Then, ultrasonic treatment is carried out. The ultrasonic temperature is 50℃, the ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, the ultrasonic power is 600W, and the ultrasonic time is 20min. Filtration, drying, crushing, and sieving are carried out. The grape vine powder is transferred into a muffle furnace. Anaerobic conditions are carried out at a heating rate of 5℃ / min. The high temperature pyrolysis temperature is 400℃ and maintained for 2h. Too high a pyrolysis temperature can cause the biochar structure to collapse, produce more fragments, and reduce the biochar's ability to load active substances. After the pyrolysis is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature and the product is collected. The preparation of biochar using grape vines as raw materials not only alleviates the pressure of agricultural waste, but also obtains organic matter with rich pore structure and large specific surface area, which can adsorb nutrients in fertilizers to form a suspension system to obtain grape vine biochar;

[0068] (2) Dry 20g of diatomaceous earth, remove excess water, grind it in a mortar, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve. The pretreatment of grinding and screening can remove large particles of impurities in the diatomaceous earth. Add the treated diatomaceous earth into 50mL of a 20% sulfuric acid solution by mass, mix and soak for 12h, place it in a water bath after soaking, control the temperature to 75℃, the water bath time to 40min, filter it, and continuously add deionized water for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, dry it, the drying temperature is 80℃, the drying time is 30min, grind it, pass it through a 300-mesh sieve, and modify the diatomaceous earth by acid washing, effectively remove the excess substances on the surface of the diatomaceous earth, expose more pores, thereby enhancing the adsorption performance, and obtain acid-washed diatomaceous earth;

[0069] (3) The acid-washed diatomaceous earth described in step (2) and the grape vine biochar described in step (1) are mixed evenly and set aside. The addition of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth can significantly improve the adsorption performance of the grape vine biochar, making it difficult for the fertilizer particles to precipitate and precipitate, thereby improving the stability of the suspension system. First, polydimethylsiloxane liquid is added to the bottom of the PPL liner, a screen is placed above the liquid surface, and then the mixture of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth and the grape vine biochar is evenly spread on the screen. The PPL liner is loaded into the shell of the hydrothermal reactor, placed in a muffle furnace, heated at 200° C. for 50 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and taken out. The hydrophobic modification of polydimethylsiloxane reduces the surface tension of the biochar-based suspended fertilizer, increases the wettability and adhesion to the plant surface, and is beneficial to reducing the loss of fertilizer, thereby obtaining a biochar diatomaceous earth composite.

[0070] The preparation method of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid specifically comprises the following steps:

[0071] a. Add 3% by mass acrylic acid anhydrous ethanol solution and polymethyl hydrogen siloxane into a four-necked flask, heat to 80°C, slowly drip 2% by mass chloroplatinic acid anhydrous ethanol solution, complete the dripping within 15 minutes, control the temperature at 80°C to react for 5 hours, distill under reduced pressure, cool, neutralize with 0.5% by mass sodium hydroxide anhydrous ethanol solution to pH 4, distill under reduced pressure, and prepare the organosilicon emulsion by the addition reaction of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane and acrylic acid. The organosilicon emulsion has good wettability, can improve the wetting speed and spreading performance of liquid suspended fertilizer, and reduce the loss of fertilizer, thereby obtaining the organosilicon emulsion;

[0072] b. Add chitosan to 3% acetic acid solution, the amount of chitosan added is 1.5g, chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide, can form anion and cation adsorption with the plant surface, enhance the adhesion of liquid suspended fertilizer on the plant leaf surface, increase the effective deposition of fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency, stir, add the organosilicon emulsion described in step a, magnetically stir for 20min, stir at a speed of 6000rpm, then add 2% inulin solution by mass, continue magnetic stirring for 20min, stir at a speed of 6000rpm, the addition of polysaccharide substances chitosan and inulin enhances the adhesion of the organosilicon emulsion and reduces the loss caused by the rebound of liquid suspended fertilizer spraying, thereby obtaining an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid.

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0074] S1. Put urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, and biochar diatomaceous earth composite into a high shear reactor, add 1 times the amount of water, control the speed to 500rpm, and stir for 10 minutes. The biochar diatomaceous earth composite can effectively absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the fertilizer, play a protective role on nutrients, and also has slow release properties, further reducing the loss of fertilizer, and obtaining fertilizer liquid;

[0075] S2. Adding the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to the fertilizer solution described in step S1, the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist increases the viscosity of the suspension system, which is beneficial to the stability of the suspended fertilizer. At the same time, it also effectively improves the wetting and adhesion ability of the suspended fertilizer on the plant surface, thereby promoting a significant improvement in fertilizer efficiency. High-pressure homogenization, during the high-pressure homogenization process, the homogenization pressure is 800 bar, and the homogenization time is 1 min. High-pressure homogenization can further enhance the dispersing effect of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to obtain a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] This embodiment proposes a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 17.5 parts of biochar diatomaceous earth composite, 25 parts of organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, 12.5 parts of urea, 9 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 parts of humic acid, and 50 parts of water.

[0078] The biochar diatomaceous earth composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of grape vine biochar, 7.5 parts of zinc chloride, 11 parts of acid-washed diatomaceous earth, and 25 parts of polydimethylsiloxane.

[0079] The organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic auxiliary comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12.5 parts of organosilicon emulsion, 15 parts of chitosan and 9 parts of inulin.

[0080] The preparation method of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite specifically comprises the following steps:

[0081] (1) After cleaning the discarded grape vines, soak them in a zinc chloride solution with a mass fraction of 7.5% for 11 hours. Zinc chloride reacts violently with biomass raw materials at high temperature, catalyzing dehydration, increasing the pore structure and specific surface area of ​​biochar, thereby increasing the loading capacity and adsorption capacity. Ultrasonic treatment is then performed at a temperature of 55°C, a frequency of 40 kHz, a power of 700 W, and a time of 25 minutes. The grape vine powder is then filtered, dried, crushed, and sieved. The grape vine powder is transferred to a muffle furnace and anesthetized. The oxygen condition was carried out at a heating rate of 7.5℃ / min, and the high temperature pyrolysis temperature was 500℃, which was maintained for 2.5h. Too high a pyrolysis temperature could cause the biochar structure to collapse, produce more fragments, and reduce the biochar's ability to load active substances. After the pyrolysis was completed, it was naturally cooled to room temperature and the product was collected. The biochar was prepared using grape vines as raw materials, which not only alleviated the pressure of agricultural waste, but also obtained organic matter with rich pore structure and large specific surface area, which could absorb nutrients in fertilizers to form a suspension system, and obtain grape vine biochar.

[0082] (2) Dry 20g of diatomaceous earth, remove excess water, grind it in a mortar, and pass it through a 250-mesh sieve. The pretreatment of grinding and screening can remove large particles of impurities in the diatomaceous earth. Add the treated diatomaceous earth into 50mL of a 25% sulfuric acid solution by mass, mix and soak for 18h, place it in a water bath after soaking, control the temperature to 80℃, the water bath time to 50min, filter it, and continuously add deionized water for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, dry it, the drying temperature is 90℃, the drying time is 35min, grind it, pass it through a 350-mesh sieve, and modify the diatomaceous earth by acid washing, which effectively removes excess substances on the surface of the diatomaceous earth, exposes more pores, thereby enhancing the adsorption performance, and obtains acid-washed diatomaceous earth;

[0083] (3) The acid-washed diatomaceous earth described in step (2) and the grape vine biochar described in step (1) are mixed evenly and set aside. The addition of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth can significantly improve the adsorption performance of the grape vine biochar, making it difficult for the fertilizer particles to precipitate and precipitate, thereby improving the stability of the suspension system. First, polydimethylsiloxane liquid is added to the bottom of the PPL liner, a screen is placed above the liquid surface, and then the mixture of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth and the grape vine biochar is evenly spread on the screen. The PPL liner is loaded into the shell of the hydrothermal reactor and placed in a muffle furnace. It is heated at 225° C. for 55 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and taken out. The hydrophobic modification of polydimethylsiloxane reduces the surface tension of the biochar-based suspended fertilizer, increases the wettability and adhesion to the plant surface, and is beneficial to reducing the loss of fertilizer, thereby obtaining a biochar-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0084] The preparation method of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid specifically comprises the following steps:

[0085] a. Add 4% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of acrylic acid and polymethyl hydrogen siloxane into a four-necked flask, heat to 90°C, slowly drip 2.5% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of chloroplatinic acid, complete the dripping within 17.5 minutes, control the temperature at 90°C to react for 6 hours, distill under reduced pressure, cool, neutralize with 1.0% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide to pH 5, distill under reduced pressure, and prepare the organosilicon emulsion by the addition reaction of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane and acrylic acid, which has good wettability, can improve the wetting speed and spreading performance of liquid suspended fertilizer, reduce the loss of fertilizer, and obtain the organosilicon emulsion;

[0086] b. Add chitosan to an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 4%, the amount of chitosan added is 2.0 g. Chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide that can form anion and cation adsorption with the plant surface, enhance the adhesion of liquid suspended fertilizer on the plant leaf surface, increase the effective deposition of fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency, stir, add the organosilicon emulsion described in step a, magnetically stir for 25 min, and stir at a speed of 7000 rpm. Then add inulin solution with a mass fraction of 2.5%, continue magnetic stirring for 25 min, and stir at a speed of 7000 rpm. The addition of polysaccharide substances chitosan and inulin enhances the adhesion of the organosilicon emulsion and reduces the loss caused by the rebound of liquid suspended fertilizer spraying, thereby obtaining an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid.

[0087] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0088] S1. Put urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, and biochar diatomaceous earth composite into a high shear reactor, add 1.5 times the amount of water, control the speed to 550rpm, and stir for 20min. The biochar diatomaceous earth composite can effectively absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the fertilizer, play a protective role on nutrients, and also has slow release properties, further reducing the loss of fertilizer, and obtaining fertilizer liquid;

[0089] S2. Adding the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to the fertilizer solution described in step S1, the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist increases the viscosity of the suspension system, which is beneficial to the stability of the suspended fertilizer. At the same time, it also effectively improves the wetting and adhesion ability of the suspended fertilizer on the plant surface, thereby promoting a significant improvement in fertilizer efficiency. High-pressure homogenization, during the high-pressure homogenization process, the homogenization pressure is 900 bar, and the homogenization time is 1.5 min. High-pressure homogenization can further enhance the dispersing effect of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to obtain a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] This embodiment proposes a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of biochar diatomaceous earth composite, 20 parts of organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of humic acid, and 60 parts of water.

[0092] The biochar diatomaceous earth composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of grape vine biochar, 10 parts of zinc chloride, 10 parts of acid-washed diatomaceous earth, and 20 parts of polydimethylsiloxane.

[0093] The organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic auxiliary comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of organosilicon emulsion, 20 parts of chitosan and 10 parts of inulin.

[0094] The preparation method of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite specifically comprises the following steps:

[0095] (1) After the discarded grape vines are cleaned, they are placed in a zinc chloride solution and soaked for 12 hours. The mass fraction of the zinc chloride solution is 10%. Zinc chloride reacts violently with the biomass raw material at high temperature, which has the effect of catalytic dehydration, increasing the pore structure and specific surface area of ​​the biochar, thereby increasing the loading capacity and adsorption capacity. Then, ultrasonic treatment is carried out. The ultrasonic temperature is 60℃, the ultrasonic frequency is 50KHz, the ultrasonic power is 800W, and the ultrasonic time is 20min. Filtration, drying, crushing, and sieving are carried out. The grape vine powder is transferred into a muffle furnace. Anaerobic conditions are carried out at a heating rate of 10℃ / min. The high temperature pyrolysis temperature is 600℃ and maintained for 2h. Too high a pyrolysis temperature can cause the biochar structure to collapse, produce more fragments, and reduce the ability of the biochar to load active substances. After the pyrolysis is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature and the product is collected. The preparation of biochar using grape vines as raw materials not only alleviates the pressure of agricultural waste, but also obtains organic matter with rich pore structure and large specific surface area, which can adsorb nutrients in fertilizers to form a suspension system to obtain grape vine biochar;

[0096] (2) Dry 20g of diatomaceous earth, remove excess water, grind it in a mortar, and pass it through a 300-mesh sieve. The pretreatment of grinding and screening can remove large particles of impurities in the diatomaceous earth. Add the treated diatomaceous earth into 50mL of a 30% sulfuric acid solution by mass, mix and soak for 12h, place it in a water bath after soaking, control the temperature to 85℃, water bath time to 40min, filter it, and continuously add deionized water for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, dry it, dry it at 100℃, dry it for 30min, grind it, pass it through a 400-mesh sieve, and modify the diatomaceous earth by acid washing, effectively remove the excess substances on the surface of the diatomaceous earth, expose more pores, thereby enhancing the adsorption performance, and obtain acid-washed diatomaceous earth;

[0097] (3) The acid-washed diatomaceous earth described in step (2) and the grape vine biochar described in step (1) are mixed evenly and set aside. The addition of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth can significantly improve the adsorption performance of the grape vine biochar, making it difficult for the fertilizer particles to precipitate and precipitate, thereby improving the stability of the suspension system. First, polydimethylsiloxane liquid is added to the bottom of the PPL liner, and a screen is placed above the liquid surface. Then, the mixture of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth and the grape vine biochar is evenly spread on the screen. The PPL liner is loaded into the shell of the hydrothermal reactor, placed in a muffle furnace, heated at 250° C. for 50 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and taken out. The hydrophobic modification of polydimethylsiloxane reduces the surface tension of the biochar-based suspended fertilizer, increases the wettability and adhesion to the plant surface, and is beneficial to reducing the loss of fertilizer, thereby obtaining a biochar-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0098] The preparation method of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid specifically comprises the following steps:

[0099] a. Add 5% by mass acrylic acid anhydrous ethanol solution and polymethyl hydrogen siloxane into a four-necked flask, heat to 100°C, slowly drip 3% by mass chloroplatinic acid anhydrous ethanol solution, complete the dripping within 15 minutes, control the temperature at 100°C to react for 5 hours, distill under reduced pressure, cool, neutralize with 1.5% by mass sodium hydroxide anhydrous ethanol solution to pH 6, distill under reduced pressure, and prepare the organosilicon emulsion by the addition reaction of polymethyl hydrogen siloxane and acrylic acid, which has good wettability, can improve the wetting speed and spreading performance of liquid suspended fertilizer, reduce the loss of fertilizer, and obtain the organosilicon emulsion;

[0100] b. Add chitosan to 5% acetic acid solution, the amount of chitosan added is 2.5g, chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide, can form anion and cation adsorption with the plant surface, enhance the adhesion of liquid suspended fertilizer on the plant leaf surface, increase the effective deposition of fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency, stir, add the organosilicon emulsion described in step a, magnetically stir for 20min, stir at a speed of 8000rpm, then add 3% inulin solution by mass, continue magnetic stirring for 20min, stir at a speed of 8000rpm, the addition of polysaccharide substances chitosan and inulin enhances the adhesion of the organosilicon emulsion and reduces the loss caused by the rebound of liquid suspended fertilizer spraying, thereby obtaining an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid.

[0101] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0102] S1. Put urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, and biochar diatomaceous earth composite into a high shear reactor, add 2 times the amount of water, control the speed to 600rpm, and stir for 10 minutes. The biochar diatomaceous earth composite can effectively absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the fertilizer, play a protective role on nutrients, and also has slow release properties, further reducing the loss of fertilizer, and obtaining fertilizer liquid;

[0103] S2. Adding the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to the fertilizer solution described in step S1, the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist increases the viscosity of the suspension system, which is beneficial to the stability of the suspended fertilizer. At the same time, it also effectively improves the wetting and adhesion ability of the suspended fertilizer on the plant surface, thereby promoting a significant improvement in fertilizer efficiency. High-pressure homogenization, during the high-pressure homogenization process, the homogenization pressure is 1000 bar, and the homogenization time is 1 min. High-pressure homogenization can further enhance the dispersing effect of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist to obtain a natural organosilicon liquid suspended fertilizer.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] This comparative example provides a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite; the preparation method of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid is the same as that of Example 1; and the preparation method of the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer is the same as that of Example 1.

[0106] Comparative Example 2

[0107] This comparative example provides a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer does not contain an organosilicon complex polysaccharide synergistic aid; the preparation method of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite is the same as that of Example 1; and the preparation method of the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer is the same as that of Example 1.

[0108] Comparative Example 3

[0109] This comparative example provides a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 in that the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite and an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid; the preparation method of the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer is the same as that of Example 1.

[0110] Experimental Example 1

[0111] Stability test

[0112] Test sample: natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0113] Test method: Add concentrated hydrochloric acid to the test sample under stirring conditions (stirring speed 200rpm), adjust the pH to 5, then take 100mL of liquid and transfer it to a 100mL transparent glass measuring cylinder. After standing for 24 hours, measure the height of the supernatant, which is the sedimentation height (mm). The smaller the sedimentation height, the better the stability.

[0114] Figure 3 It is a result diagram of the sedimentation height of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3; as shown in the figure, the sedimentation height of Examples 1-4 is 0.3-1.0 mm, indicating good stability; the sedimentation height of Comparative Examples 1-3 is 1.5-2.8 mm, indicating poor stability; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite, does not have a strong adsorption capacity, cannot effectively adsorb fertilizer particles, is not conducive to reducing its precipitation and precipitation, and results in poor stability; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 2 does not contain an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist, cannot improve the viscosity of the liquid suspension fertilizer, is not conducive to reducing the precipitation of fertilizer particles, and results in poor stability; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 3 does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite and an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist, can neither adsorb fertilizer particles nor provide a highly adhesive emulsion adjuvant, can not synergistically increase the stability of the suspension system, and results in poor stability.

[0115] Experimental Example 2

[0116] Wettability and Adhesion Tests

[0117] Test sample: natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0118] Test method:

[0119] (1) Wettability test: Use a sampling needle to take 2.5 mL of the test sample and drop it on the smooth corn leaf surface. Measure the contact angle of the liquid on the corn leaf surface within 2 minutes. The smaller the contact angle, the better the wettability.

[0120] (2) Adhesion test: Take the flat part of the corn leaf and cut it into 5×5cm 2 Small pieces were taken, rinsed with deionized water and then the surface moisture of corn leaves was absorbed. The silicon and nitrogen contents in the samples were measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The test samples were evenly sprayed on the dried corn leaves, with a spraying amount of 5 mL. The corn leaves sprayed with the test samples were placed in a 40°C incubator for air drying, and then 10 mL of deionized water was evenly sprayed on the corn leaves to simulate rainwater. The washed liquid was collected and the washed silicon and nitrogen contents were still measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The silicon and nitrogen retention rate (%) of the corn leaves was calculated using the following formula:

[0121] Corn leaf silicon nitrogen retention rate (%) = (silicon nitrogen content in the test sample - silicon nitrogen content washed away) / silicon nitrogen content in the test sample × 100%

[0122] Figure 4 The contact angle and silicon nitrogen retention rate of corn leaves of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in the figure; as shown in the figure, the contact angle and silicon nitrogen retention rate of corn leaves of Examples 1-4 are 12.1-14.5 mm, 26-32%, and 32-38%, respectively, indicating good wettability and adhesion; the contact angle and silicon nitrogen retention rate of corn leaves of Comparative Examples 1-3 are 18.3-28.9 mm, 12-22%, and 15-26%, respectively, indicating poor wettability and adhesion; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite, and cannot provide an attachment carrier for fertilizer particles, which is not conducive to the liquid suspension fertilizer on plants. The wetting and adhesion of the surface of the object, resulting in poor wettability and adhesion; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 2 does not contain an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, and is unable to enhance the adsorption, wettability and adhesion of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite through a high-adhesion emulsion, resulting in poor wettability and adhesion; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 3 does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite and an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid, and is unable to provide an adsorption carrier for the fertilizer particles, which is not conducive to the adhesion of the fertilizer, and is unable to promote the yin-yang adsorption effect between the fertilizer and the leaf surface, which is not conducive to the wetting and adhesion ability of the fertilizer, resulting in poor wettability and adhesion.

[0123] Experimental Example 3

[0124] Fertilizer effect experiment

[0125] Test sample: natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0126] Test method: 8 areas of the same size in Tianjin rice demonstration field were selected for the experiment, of which 7 areas were sprayed with test samples at a spraying rate of 30 kg / mu, once every 10 days, and the rice in the area sprayed with clean water was used as a control; at the end of the vegetative growth of rice in different experimental areas, 20 rice plants were randomly selected to record the number of grains per ear, and the average value was taken as the number of grains per ear of rice treated with different test samples, and the yield increase rate (%) was calculated according to the following formula:

[0127] Yield increase rate (%) = (number of grains per ear of the test sample - number of grains per ear of the reference) / number of grains per ear of the reference × 100%

[0128] Figure 5The results of the number of grains per ear and the yield increase rate of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in the figure; as shown in the figure, the number of grains per ear and the yield increase rate of Examples 1-4 are 120-125 and 16.5-21.3%, respectively, indicating that the fertilizer effect is better; the number of grains per ear and the yield increase rate of Comparative Examples 1-3 are 105-114 and 1.9-10.6%, respectively, indicating that the fertilizer effect is average; the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite, which is not conducive to the wetting and adhesion of the liquid suspension fertilizer to the plant surface, thereby increasing the loss of fertilizer, resulting in average fertilizer effect. ; The natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 2 does not contain an organosilicon complex polysaccharide synergistic aid, and cannot further enhance the adsorption, wettability, and adhesion of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite, which is not conducive to the deposition of the liquid suspension fertilizer on the plant surface, resulting in a general fertilizer effect; The natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer of Comparative Example 3 does not contain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite and an organosilicon complex polysaccharide synergistic aid, and can neither reduce the deposition of fertilizer on the plant surface and cause the loss of fertilizer, nor is it conducive to protecting the stability of the fertilizer, thereby having a negative effect on the fertilizer effect, resulting in a general fertilizer effect.

[0129] The above experimental results show that the stability, wettability, adhesion and fertilizer effect of Examples 1-4 of the present invention are significantly better than those of Comparative Examples 1-3. Among them, Example 1 using a biochar diatomaceous earth composite and an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist has better stability, wettability and adhesion, and a better fertilizer effect. The biochar diatomaceous earth composite has a strong adsorption capacity, reduces the precipitation and precipitation of fertilizer particles, and is beneficial to enhancing the stability of the suspension system. The hydrophobic modification of polydimethylsiloxane improves the wettability and adhesion of the liquid suspended fertilizer on the plant surface, effectively reducing the loss of fertilizer. The organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist forms a highly adhesive emulsion, improves the viscosity of the liquid suspended fertilizer, is beneficial to the stability of the suspension system, and further enhances the adsorption, wettability and adhesion of the biochar diatomaceous earth composite, which is beneficial to the deposition of the liquid suspended fertilizer on the plant surface, and plays a positive role in reducing the loss of fertilizer.

[0130] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0131] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings are only one of the implementation methods of the present invention, and the actual application is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and design methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer, characterized in that: The natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of biochar diatomite composite, 20-30 parts of organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist, 10-15 parts of urea, 8-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8-10 parts of humic acid, and 40-60 parts of water; the biochar diatomite composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of grape vine biochar, 5-10 parts of zinc chloride, 10-12 parts of acid-washed diatomite, and 20-30 parts of polydimethylsiloxane; the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of organosilicon emulsion, 10-20 parts of chitosan, and 8-10 parts of inulin; The method for preparing the biochar diatomaceous earth composite specifically comprises the following steps: (1) After cleaning the discarded grape vines, soak them in a zinc chloride solution for 10-12 hours, and then perform ultrasonic treatment at an ultrasonic temperature of 50-60°C, an ultrasonic frequency of 30-50KHz, an ultrasonic power of 600-800W, and an ultrasonic time of 20-30min. Filter, dry, crush, and sieve the grape vine powder. Transfer the grape vine powder into a muffle furnace and perform anaerobic conditions at a heating rate of 5-10°C / min at a high temperature pyrolysis temperature of 400-600°C for 2-3 hours. After the pyrolysis is completed, naturally cool to room temperature, collect the product, and obtain grape vine biochar; (2) Dry 20g of diatomaceous earth, remove excess water, grind it in a mortar, pass it through a 200-300 mesh sieve, add the treated diatomaceous earth into 50mL of a 20-30% sulfuric acid solution by mass, mix and soak for 12-24h, place it in a water bath after soaking, control the temperature to 75-85°C, the water bath time to 40-60min, filter it with suction, and continuously add deionized water for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, dry it, the drying temperature to 80-100°C, the drying time to 30-40min, grind it, pass it through a 300-400 mesh sieve, and obtain acid-washed diatomaceous earth; (3) The acid-washed diatomite described in step (2) and the grape vine biochar described in step (1) are mixed evenly and set aside for use. First, polydimethylsiloxane liquid is added to the bottom of the PPL liner, a screen is placed above the liquid surface, and then the mixture of the acid-washed diatomite and the grape vine biochar is evenly spread on the screen. The PPL liner is loaded into the shell of the hydrothermal reactor, placed in a muffle furnace, heated at 200-250° C. for 50-60 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and taken out to obtain a biochar diatomite composite; The method for preparing the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Put urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, and biochar diatomaceous earth composite into a high shear reactor, add 1-2 times the amount of water, control the speed to 500-600rpm, and stir for 10-30min to obtain fertilizer solution; S2. Adding the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid to the fertilizer solution described in step S1, and homogenizing under high pressure to obtain a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer.

2. A method for preparing the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Put urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, and biochar diatomaceous earth composite into a high shear reactor, add 1-2 times the amount of water, control the speed to 500-600rpm, and stir for 10-30min to obtain fertilizer solution; S2, adding the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid to the fertilizer solution described in step S1, and homogenizing under high pressure to obtain a natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer; The method for preparing the biochar diatomaceous earth composite specifically comprises the following steps: (1) After cleaning the discarded grape vines, soak them in a zinc chloride solution for 10-12 hours, and then perform ultrasonic treatment at an ultrasonic temperature of 50-60°C, an ultrasonic frequency of 30-50KHz, an ultrasonic power of 600-800W, and an ultrasonic time of 20-30min. Filter, dry, crush, and sieve the grape vine powder. Transfer the grape vine powder into a muffle furnace and perform anaerobic conditions at a heating rate of 5-10°C / min at a high temperature pyrolysis temperature of 400-600°C for 2-3 hours. After the pyrolysis is completed, naturally cool to room temperature, collect the product, and obtain grape vine biochar; (2) Dry 20g of diatomaceous earth, remove excess water, grind it in a mortar, pass it through a 200-300 mesh sieve, add the treated diatomaceous earth into 50mL of a 20-30% sulfuric acid solution by mass, mix and soak for 12-24h, place it in a water bath after soaking, control the temperature to 75-85°C, the water bath time to 40-60min, filter it with suction, and continuously add deionized water for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, dry it, the drying temperature to 80-100°C, the drying time to 30-40min, grind it, pass it through a 300-400 mesh sieve, and obtain acid-washed diatomaceous earth; (3) The acid-washed diatomaceous earth described in step (2) and the grape vine biochar described in step (1) are mixed evenly and set aside. First, polydimethylsiloxane liquid is added to the bottom of the PPL liner, a sieve is placed above the liquid surface, and then the mixture of the acid-washed diatomaceous earth and the grape vine biochar is evenly spread on the sieve. The PPL liner is loaded into the shell of the hydrothermal reactor, placed in a muffle furnace, heated at 200-250° C. for 50-60 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and taken out to obtain a biochar diatomaceous earth composite.

3. The method for preparing the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, during the high-pressure homogenization process, the homogenization pressure is 800-1000 bar and the homogenization time is 1-2 min.

4. The method for preparing the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass fraction of the zinc chloride solution is 5-10%.

5. The method for preparing the natural organic silicon liquid suspension fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid specifically comprises the following steps: a. Add 3-5% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of acrylic acid and polymethyl hydrogen siloxane into a four-necked flask, heat to 80-100°C, slowly drip 2-3% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of chloroplatinic acid, complete the dripping within 15-20 minutes, control the temperature at 80-100°C to react for 5-7 hours, distill under reduced pressure, cool, neutralize with 0.5-1.5% by mass of anhydrous ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide to pH 4-6, distill under reduced pressure to obtain an organosilicon emulsion; b. Add chitosan to an acetic acid solution with a mass fraction of 3-5%, stir, add the organosilicon emulsion described in step a, magnetically stir for 20-30 minutes, and stir at a speed of 6000-8000 rpm, then add an inulin solution with a mass fraction of 2-3%, continue magnetically stirring for 20-30 minutes, and stir at a speed of 6000-8000 rpm to obtain an organosilicon composite polysaccharide synergistic aid.

6. The method for preparing the natural organosilicon liquid suspension fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step b, the amount of chitosan added is 1.5-2.5 g.

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