A timely and rapid seed covering device

Abstract

The invention relates to a timely and rapid seed covering device, which belongs to agricultural machinery. A front seat plate is fixedly mounted on a front hanging plate through a connecting block, a stepper motor with a rear seat plate is fixedly mounted on a rear hanging plate, a lead screw is rotatably supported and inserted on the front and rear seat plates, a driven bevel gear fixedly mounted on the lead screw is meshed with an active bevel gear fixedly mounted on the stepper motor, a nut is axially movably mounted on the lead screw, a wall-breaking and soil-covering wheel with an overall V-shaped configuration is installed on the nut through an axle seat plate and a wheel axle, guide rails are fixedly mounted parallel to each other between the rear seat plate and the front seat plate and below the lead screw, the nut and the guide rail support contact and slide cooperation, and a wire connects the stepper motor with a motor driver of a timely and rapid seed covering controller. The device adjusts the forward and backward displacement of the wall-breaking and soil-covering wheel driven by the nut according to the real-time sowing operation speed, so as to timely and rapidly seed, thereby avoiding seed bouncing, and has a reasonable structure, a high degree of automation and good operation quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a device that can cover seeds promptly and quickly because a conventional seeding machine adapts to various seeding operation speeds. Background Art

[0002] Ensuring consistency and stability in seed spacing within the seed furrow during sowing is one of the key indicators for evaluating the operating quality of a seeder and its associated covering device. Consistent and stable seed spacing ensures balanced nutrient availability for each seed for subsequent growth, preventing the occurrence of large and small seedlings. Due to the varying speeds of sowing operations, the number of bounces, direction, and distance of seeds when they land on the surface soil of the seed furrow will vary. Existing covering devices are all fixed mechanical structures that cannot automatically adjust their position in real time based on the sowing speed. This results in a fundamental inability to address the impact of seed bounces, leading to a significant decrease in the qualified rate and uniformity of sowing spacing, which ultimately affects crop growth and final yield. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and, in combination with the actual needs of current high-quality mechanized sowing operations, to design a timely and rapid covering seeding device, in order to significantly improve the seeding spacing qualification rate and uniformity of conventional sowing machinery, eliminate seed bouncing and adapt to different operating speeds.

[0004] The purpose of the invention is achieved in this way: a connecting block is installed at the lower end of the front hanging plate, the front seat plate is fixedly mounted on the connecting block, the stepping motor is fixedly mounted on the rear hanging plate, the rear seat plate is fixedly mounted on the side of the stepping motor, the lead screw is rotatably supported and inserted on the front seat plate and the rear seat plate, a driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lead screw, a driving bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of the stepping motor, the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear, a nut is axially movably mounted on the lead screw, guide rails are supported and fixed on the part between the rear seat plate and the front seat plate and parallel to each other at the part below the lead screw, and the nut and the guide rail are in supporting contact and sliding cooperation; on the left and right parts of the nut, they are aligned with each other The axle base plates are fixed on them respectively, and the wheel axles are fixed on the axle base plates tilted downward. The wall-breaking and soil-covering wheels are rotatably installed on the wheel axles on the left and right sides respectively. The left and right wall-breaking and soil-covering wheels are configured in a V shape as a whole. The timely and rapid seeding controller consists of a positioning module, a microcontroller, a button module, a display screen, a D / A converter, a voltage amplifier and a motor driver. The microcontroller is connected to the positioning module, the button module, the display screen and the D / A converter respectively through wires. The voltage amplifier is connected to the D / A converter and the motor driver respectively through wires. The wires connect the stepping motor with the motor driver of the timely and rapid seeding controller, thereby forming a timely and rapid seeding device.

[0005] The invention adopts the method of automatically adjusting the seed covering position of the wall-breaking soil covering device according to the change of the relative position of the seeding point when the sowing operation speed of the seeding machine is different, thereby avoiding the occurrence of seed bouncing in the sowing process, improving the qualified rate and uniformity of plant spacing, and having the characteristics of novel and reasonable structure, high degree of automation and good operation quality, and providing technical support for increasing crop yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a timely and rapid seed covering device;

[0007] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 sectional view of

[0008] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Right half section view;

[0009] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0010] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0011] 1. Rear hanging plate, 2. Timely and rapid seed covering controller, 2-1. Positioning module, 2-2. Microcontroller, 2-3. Key module, 2-4. Display, 2-5. D / A converter, 2-6. Voltage amplifier, 2-7. Motor driver, 3. Stepper motor, 4. Rear seat plate, 5. Guide rail, 6. Wall-breaking and covering wheel, 7. Axle, 8. Lead screw, 9. Front seat plate, 10. Connecting block, 11. Front hanging plate, 12. Driven bevel gear, 13. Driving bevel gear, 14. Shaft seat plate, 15. Nut DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The following is a detailed description of the implementation scheme of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. A timely and rapid seeding device, wherein a connecting block 10 is installed at the lower end of a front hanging plate 11, a front seat plate 9 is fixedly mounted on the connecting block 10, a stepper motor 3 is fixedly mounted on the rear hanging plate 1, and a rear seat plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the side of the stepper motor 3. A lead screw 8 is rotatably supported and inserted on the front seat plate 9 and the rear seat plate 4. A driven bevel gear 12 is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lead screw 8, and a driving bevel gear 13 is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of the stepper motor 3. The driving bevel gear 13 meshes with the driven bevel gear 12. A nut 15 is axially movably mounted on the lead screw 8. A guide rail 5 is supported and fixed on the portion between the rear seat plate 4 and the front seat plate 9 and below the lead screw 8, and the nut 15 and the guide rail 5 are in supporting contact and sliding cooperation; shafts are fixed symmetrically on the left and right parts of the nut 15. The base plate 14 and the wheel axle 7 are fixedly mounted on the base plate 14 with an inclination downward, and the wall-breaking and covering wheels 6 are rotatably mounted on the wheel axles 7 on the left and right sides respectively. The wall-breaking and covering wheels 6 on the left and right sides are configured in a V shape as a whole. The timely and rapid covering controller 2 is composed of a positioning module 2-1, a microcontroller 2-2, a key module 2-3, a display screen 2-4, a D / A converter 2-5, a voltage amplifier 2-6 and a motor driver 2-7. The microcontroller 2-2 is connected to the positioning module 2-1, the key module 2-3, the display screen 2-4, the D / A converter 2-5 through wires, and the voltage amplifier 2-6 is connected to the D / A converter 2-5 and the motor driver 2-7 through wires. The wires connect the stepper motor 3 with the motor driver 2-7 of the timely and rapid covering controller 2.

[0013] When in use, this device is installed between the conventional seed drill tube and the pressing wheel, fixed by the front hanging plate 11 and the rear hanging plate 1, and the wall-breaking and covering wheel 6 is placed at an appropriate depth of penetration into the soil. At the same time, the wall-breaking and covering wheel 6 can be automatically regulated in real time according to the sowing operation speed of the seed drill to move back and forth on the seed drill frame, and the front and rear distance between the wall-breaking and covering wheel 6 and the seed drill tube can be changed in time, so as to cover the seeds discharged from the seed drill port of the seed drill at the first landing point on the seed bed soil, that is, the soil squeezed by the wall-breaking and covering wheel 6.

[0014] During operation, when the forward speed of the sowing machine is different, the speed signal automatically adjusts the rotation direction and torque of the stepper motor 3 through the timely and rapid seed covering controller 2. When the forward speed of the sowing machine increases, the seeds discharged from the seeding port of the sowing tube move backward at the first seeding point. At this time, the stepper motor 3 drives the nut 15 through the screw 8, and through the shaft seat plate 14 and the wheel axle 7, the wall-breaking and covering wheel 6 moves backward under the support of the guide rail 5, so that the first seeding point of the seeds is located on the relatively inner side of the relatively inclined wall-breaking and covering wheel 6, and the side wall of the seed furrow is broken and the seed covering operation is completed in a timely and rapid manner. Conversely, when the forward speed of the sowing machine decreases, the first seeding point of the seeds discharged from the seeding port of the sowing tube moves forward. The stepper motor 3 drives the nut 15 through the screw 8, the shaft seat plate 14, and the wheel axle 7 to move the wall-breaking and covering wheel 6 forward under the support of the guide rail 5, so that the seeds that have moved forward at the first seeding point are located on the relatively inner side of the two wall-breaking and covering wheels 6, and the covering operation is completed in a timely and rapid manner. No seed bouncing occurs during the operation.

Claims

1. A timely and rapid seed covering device, characterized by: A connecting block (10) is installed at the lower end of the front hanging plate (11), the front seat plate (9) is fixedly mounted on the connecting block (10), a stepping motor (3) is fixedly mounted on the rear hanging plate (1), the rear seat plate (4) is fixedly mounted on the side of the stepping motor (3), a lead screw (8) is rotatably supported and inserted on the front seat plate (9) and the rear seat plate (4), a driven bevel gear (12) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lead screw (8), and an active bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of the stepping motor (3). The driving bevel gear (13) is meshed with the driven bevel gear (12), and a nut (15) is axially movable on the lead screw (8). A guide rail (5) is provided between the rear seat plate (4) and the front seat plate (9) and is located below the lead screw (8). The nut (15) and the guide rail (5) are parallel to each other and support-fixed. The nut (15) and the guide rail (5) are in support contact and sliding cooperation. The shaft seat plates (1) are fixed symmetrically on the left and right parts of the nut (15). 4), the wheel axle (7) is fixedly mounted on the axle base plate (14) in a downwardly inclined manner, and wall-breaking and soil-covering wheels (6) are rotatably mounted on the wheel axles (7) on the left and right sides, respectively. The wall-breaking and soil-covering wheels (6) on the left and right sides are configured in a V-shape as a whole. The timely and rapid seed covering controller (2) is composed of a positioning module (2-1), a microcontroller (2-2), a key module (2-3), a display screen (2-4), a D / A converter (2-5), a voltage amplifier (2-6) and a motor driver (2-7). The microcontroller (2-2) is connected to the positioning module (2-1), the key module (2-3), the display screen (2-4) and the D / A converter (2-5) through wires. The voltage amplifier (2-6) is connected to the D / A converter (2-5) and the motor driver (2-7) through wires. The wires connect the stepping motor (3) to the motor driver (2-7) of the timely and rapid seed covering controller (2).

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