Automatic disassembly and assembly device and automatic disassembly and assembly method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing, and discloses an automatic disassembly and assembly device and an automatic disassembly and assembly method, including a machine tool, a load-bearing plate is provided on the machine tool, a cylinder 1 is fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate, a lifting plate is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the cylinder 1, a cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the lifting plate away from the load-bearing plate, a clamping plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 2, a spring assembly is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the clamping plate, and a clamping head is fixedly connected to the side of the spring assembly close to the load-bearing plate. The present invention can adaptively fix workpieces of different heights, different widths and different shapes, avoid the situation where the workpiece slides and falls when processing on the surface of the load-bearing plate, and improve the stability of processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing, and in particular relates to an automatic disassembly and assembly device and an automatic disassembly and assembly method. Background Art

[0002] When various workpieces are processed on machine tools, an automatic disassembly and assembly device is required to fix or remove the workpieces on the machine tool so that the workpieces can be processed stably on the machine tool.

[0003] Traditional machine tools generally place the workpieces that need to be transported and processed directly on the carrier. However, during processing, the product may topple over or slide out of the carrier due to inertia. At the same time, if the workpiece is not fixed and limited during processing, it will slide randomly, affecting the processing effect. Therefore, it is necessary to design a fixing device on the carrier to fix the items to be processed on the carrier. When the workpiece processing is completed, the fixing device is released, and the external clamping device removes the item from the carrier. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic disassembly and assembly device and an automatic disassembly and assembly method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic disassembly and assembly device and an automatic disassembly and assembly method, comprising a machine tool, a carrying plate is arranged on the machine tool, cylinder one is fixedly installed on both sides of the carrying plate, a lifting plate is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of cylinder one, a side of the lifting plate away from the carrying plate is fixedly connected to cylinder two, an output end of cylinder two is fixedly connected to a clamping plate, an inner cavity of the clamping plate is fixedly connected to a spring assembly, and a clamping head is fixedly connected to the side of the spring assembly close to the carrying plate.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the supporting plate is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder, the inner cavity of the piston cylinder is movably sleeved with a piston rod, the bottom of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected to a connecting tube, the middle of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to a compression cylinder, the bottom end of the compression cylinder is fixedly connected to a supporting telescopic tube, the bottom end of the supporting telescopic tube is fixedly connected to an opening and closing tube, the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube is fixedly connected to a blocking component, the bottom end of the blocking component is fixedly connected to a conical block, the top of the supporting telescopic tube is fixedly connected to a cavity telescopic body, and a contact block is fixedly installed on the machine tool.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom end of the hollow telescopic body is fixedly connected with a compression chamber, the inner cavity of the compression chamber is fixedly installed with a compression spring, and a compression plate is fixedly installed on the front side of the compression spring, and the compression chamber is fixedly connected with an opening and closing tube 2 on the side away from the cavity telescopic body, and the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 2 is fixedly connected with a blocking component 2, the bottom end of the blocking component 2 is fixedly connected with a conical block 2, the opening and closing tube 2 is fixedly connected with a connecting telescopic tube on the side away from the compression chamber, the top of the connecting telescopic tube is fixedly connected with a dust removal tube, and the front side of the dust removal tube is fixedly connected with an air outlet nozzle, the lifting plate is fixedly connected with a piston cylinder 2 on the side away from the clamping plate, the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 is movably sleeved with a piston rod 2, and the front side of the piston cylinder 2 is fixedly connected with a fixed telescopic tube, and the inner cavity of the machine tool is fixedly connected with a contact block 2, and the blocking component 1 and the blocking component 2 are both composed of a pressure spring and a blocking rod, and the bottom end of the blocking rod is fixedly connected to the conical block 1 or the conical block 2.

[0008] Preferably, the spring assembly consists of a damping telescopic rod and a spring, the bottom end of the clamping plate is fixedly connected with a bottom anti-skid, and the center of the bottom end of the bearing plate is fixedly connected with a guide telescopic rod.

[0009] Preferably, a mechanical arm is arranged at the top of the machine tool, and a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide telescopic rod, and the mounting plate is arranged on the surface of the support chain.

[0010] Preferably, the side of the piston cylinder 1 away from the cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with a one-way air inlet valve, and the inner cavity of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with a one-way air outlet valve. There are a plurality of one-way air outlet valves and one-way air inlet valves, and the plurality of one-way air outlet valves and one-way air inlet valves are respectively fixedly installed on the inner cavity of the connecting pipe, the top of the fixed telescopic tube, the side of the compression chamber close to the cavity telescopic body, the side of the piston cylinder 1 away from the cylinder 1, and the rear side of the piston cylinder 2.

[0011] Preferably, the top end of the piston rod 1 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and the piston cylinder 1 is connected to the inner cavity of the compression cylinder through a connecting tube.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the rear side of the supporting chain, and the dust removal pipe is fixedly sleeved in the inner cavity of the fixing ring.

[0013] Preferably, the blocking assembly 1 and the blocking assembly 2 are both composed of a return spring and a blocking block, and the contact block 1 and the contact block 2 are installed alternately.

[0014] An automatic disassembly and assembly method of an automatic disassembly and assembly device, first, the clamping plate is in the highest state, the workpiece is placed on the top of the carrying plate, the first cylinder is started to drive the lifting plate to move along the axis direction of the first cylinder, and the clamping plate is driven to descend, and the distance the clamping plate descends is proportional to the height of the workpiece. The lower the height of the workpiece, the greater the distance the clamping plate moves downward, and then the second cylinder is started to drive the clamping plate to move in the direction close to the workpiece, so that the clamping head and the bottom can clamp the workpiece in an anti-slip manner, and the retractability of the spring assembly allows the clamping head to fit closely with the surface of the workpiece, so as to clamp some curved workpieces;

[0015] When the cylinder 1 drives the lifting plate to move, the lifting plate drives the piston rod 1 to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1, thereby squeezing the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 through the piston rod 1, and the squeezed air enters the inner cavity of the compression cylinder along the connecting pipe for compression. When the workpiece is shorter, the distance that the piston rod 1 moves is longer, and more air is compressed into the inner cavity of the compression cylinder. When moving, the piston rod 2 is driven to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2, and the air is squeezed into the inner cavity of the compression chamber along the fixed telescopic pipe;

[0016] When the carrying plate moves to the position of the mechanical arm, the conical block 1 contacts the contact block 1, and the conical block 1 drives the blocking component 1 to move upward in the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 1, so that the compression cylinder is connected with the cavity telescopic body through the supporting telescopic tube, so that the cavity telescopic body is raised. The height of the cavity telescopic body is inversely proportional to the height of the workpiece. When the height of the workpiece is lower, the height of the cavity telescopic body is higher, so that the mechanical arm can always clamp the workpiece of the same height, start the cylinder 2 to drive the clamping plate to move, loosen the fixation of the workpiece, and then the mechanical arm grabs the workpiece;

[0017] After grabbing, the mounting plate continues to move, so that the contact block 2 contacts the conical block 2, thereby driving the conical block 2 to move, and the movement of the conical block 2 drives the blocking component 2 to move in the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 2, so that the air in the inner cavity of the compression chamber is discharged along the connecting telescopic tube to the inner cavity of the dust removal tube, and then the air flow is compressed and blown out to the top of the supporting plate through the air outlet nozzle, and when the air in the inner cavity of the compression chamber is reduced, the air in the inner cavity of the cavity telescopic body enters the compression chamber and is also ejected from the air outlet nozzle, and then the cavity telescopic body returns to its normal height, and the cylinder 1 drives the lifting plate to return to its high position, and when the lifting plate moves, it drives the piston rod 1 to rise in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1, thereby replenishing the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 through the one-way air intake valve.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The present invention places the workpiece on the top of the supporting plate, and then starts the cylinder 1 to drive the lifting plate to gradually move downward along the axial direction of the cylinder 1. When the height of the workpiece is lower, the downward movement of the lifting plate is greater. Then the cylinder 2 is started to drive the clamping plate to move, so that the clamping plate and the bottom anti-slip move, and then the clamping head and the bottom anti-slip contact the upper and lower ends of the workpiece respectively, and the movement of the clamping head is driven by the spring assembly, so that the clamping head can be inserted into the groove of the special-shaped workpiece, thereby achieving clamping of workpieces of different heights, different widths and different shapes, avoiding the workpiece from falling when being processed on the surface of the supporting plate, and improving the stability during processing.

[0020] 2. The present invention compresses the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder through the piston rod when the lifting plate drives the piston rod to move downward in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder, thereby squeezing the air along the connecting pipe to the inner cavity of the compression cylinder for compression. When the height of the workpiece is lower, the lifting plate moves downward for a longer distance, and the more air is compressed in the inner cavity of the compression cylinder. When the supporting plate moves to the position of the mechanical arm, the conical block 1 contacts the contact block 1, thereby pushing the conical block 1 upward through the contact block 1, thereby making the inner cavity of the compression cylinder connected with the cavity telescopic body through the supporting telescopic tube, thereby increasing the amount of air in the inner cavity of the cavity telescopic body and raising the cavity telescopic body, thereby achieving the goal that the smaller the workpiece is, the greater the amplitude of the rise of the cavity telescopic body is, ensuring that the mechanical arm can always grab the workpiece on the same horizontal plane, which is convenient and quick, and the mechanical arm no longer needs to calculate the grabbing height each time.

[0021] 3. The present invention drives the piston rod 2 to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 when the clamping plate moves, thereby squeezing the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 along the fixed telescopic tube to the inner cavity of the compression chamber. After the mechanical arm grabs the workpiece, the supporting plate continues to move, so that the conical block 2 contacts the contact block 2, and the contact block 2 pushes the blocking component 2 at the top end of the conical block 2 upward, thereby making the compression chamber and the inner cavity of the connecting telescopic tube connected, so that the air is blown out from the air outlet nozzle along the connecting telescopic tube to the top end of the supporting plate, and when the air in the inner cavity of the compression chamber is reduced, the air in the inner cavity of the hollow telescopic body enters the inner cavity of the compression chamber through the one-way air outlet valve and flows along the connecting telescopic tube, thereby achieving that after the workpiece on the top end of the supporting plate is taken away, the top end of the supporting plate can be blown and cleaned, so as to avoid that when some workpieces with dust on the surface due to a long placement time are placed on the top end of the supporting plate, the dust is scattered on the top end of the supporting plate, causing the subsequent workpieces to be contaminated with dust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the structural clamping plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 The connection diagram at A is enlarged;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the cavity telescopic body of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet connection of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a connection of a contact block of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the compression chamber structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the conical block structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1, machine tool; 2, drive belt; 3, support chain; 4, bearing plate; 5, cylinder 1; 6, lifting plate; 7, cylinder 2; 8, clamping plate; 9, spring assembly; 10, clamping head; 11, piston cylinder 1; 12, piston rod 1; 13, connecting pipe; 14, one-way air outlet valve; 15, one-way air inlet valve; 16, compression cylinder; 17, supporting telescopic pipe; 18, opening and closing pipe 1; 19, blocking assembly 1; 20, conical block 1; 21. Cavity telescopic body; 22. Guide telescopic rod; 23. Mounting plate; 24. Compression chamber; 25. Opening and closing tube 2; 26. Blocking assembly 2; 27. Conical block 2; 28. Connecting telescopic tube; 29. ​​Dust removal tube; 30. Air outlet nozzle; 31. Fixed ring; 32. Piston cylinder 2; 33. Piston rod 2; 34. Fixed telescopic tube; 35. Contact block 1; 36. Contact block 2; 37. Anti-slip bottom; 38. Robotic arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic disassembly and assembly device, including a machine tool 1, on which a bearing plate 4 is provided, and cylinder one 5 is fixedly installed on both sides of the bearing plate 4, and the output shaft of cylinder one 5 is fixedly sleeved with a lifting plate 6, and the side of the lifting plate 6 away from the bearing plate 4 is fixedly connected to cylinder two 7, and the output end of cylinder two 7 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 8, and the inner cavity of the clamping plate 8 is fixedly connected to a spring assembly 9, and the side of the spring assembly 9 close to the bearing plate 4 is fixedly connected to a clamping head 10, the spring assembly 9 consists of a damping telescopic rod and a spring, the bottom end of the clamping plate 8 is fixedly connected to a bottom anti-skid 37, and the center of the bottom end of the bearing plate 4 is fixedly connected to a guide telescopic rod 22, a mechanical arm 38 is provided at the top of the machine tool 1, and the bottom end of the guide telescopic rod 22 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate 23, and the mounting plate 23 is arranged on the surface of the support chain 3.

[0034] In the embodiment, the workpiece is placed on the top of the carrier plate 4, and then the cylinder 1 5 is started to drive the lifting plate 6 to gradually move downward along the axial direction of the cylinder 1 5. When the height of the workpiece is lower, the lifting plate 6 moves downward more. Then the cylinder 2 7 is started to drive the clamping plate 8 to move, so that the clamping plate 8 and the bottom anti-skid 37 move, and then the clamping head 10 and the bottom anti-skid 37 are respectively in contact with the upper and lower ends of the workpiece, and the clamping head 10 is driven to move by the spring assembly 9 so that the clamping head 10 can fit the surface of the curved workpiece. The tension and retractability provided by the spring of the spring assembly 9 enable the clamping head 10 to retract, so that The clamping head 10 can fit on the surface of the curved workpiece, and then the clamping head 10 is positioned and guided by the damping telescopic rod to prevent the clamping head 10 from shifting during the activity, and then the bottom anti-skid 37 at the bottom end of the clamping plate 8 is used to make the bottom anti-skid 37 contact with the bottom end of the workpiece, thereby improving the stability of the workpiece when clamping, and then the setting of the guiding telescopic rod 22 improves the stability of the carrying plate 4 when carrying the workpiece, avoiding the tilting of the carrying plate 4. When it reaches the bottom of the mechanical arm 38, the cylinder 27 drives the clamping plate 8 away from the workpiece, and the mechanical arm 38 starts to grab the workpiece at the top of the carrying plate 4 and put it into storage.

[0035] It should be noted that after the support plate 4 drives the workpiece to reach the processing position in the machine tool, it will stop for a period of time, so that the processing equipment at this processing position can process the workpiece, and then stop at the next processing position after the processing is completed. Finally, after the workpiece is processed, the robot arm 38 grabs the workpiece and puts it into storage.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the top of the bearing plate 4 is fixedly connected with a piston cylinder 11, the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 11 is movably sleeved with a piston rod 12, the bottom of the piston cylinder 11 is fixedly connected with a connecting tube 13, the middle of the connecting tube 13 is fixedly connected with a compression cylinder 16, the bottom end of the compression cylinder 16 is fixedly connected with a supporting telescopic tube 17, the bottom end of the supporting telescopic tube 17 is fixedly connected with an opening and closing tube 18, the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 18 is fixedly connected with a blocking component 19, the bottom end of the blocking component 19 is fixedly connected with a conical block 20, the top of the supporting telescopic tube 17 is fixedly connected with a cavity telescopic body 21, a contact block 35 is fixedly installed on the machine tool 1, the top of the piston rod 12 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 6, and the piston cylinder 11 is connected with the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 16 through the connecting tube 13.

[0037] In the embodiment, when the lifting plate 6 drives the piston rod 12 to move downward in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 11, the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 11 is squeezed by the piston rod 12, thereby squeezing the air along the connecting pipe 13 to the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 16 for compression. When the height of the workpiece is lower, the lifting plate 6 moves downward for a longer distance, and the more air is compressed in the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 16. When the supporting plate 4 moves to the position of the mechanical arm 38, the conical block 20 contacts the contact block 35, thereby pushing the conical block 20 upward through the contact block 35, so that the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 16 is connected with the cavity telescopic body 21 through the supporting telescopic tube 17, thereby increasing the amount of air in the inner cavity of the cavity telescopic body 21, causing the cavity telescopic body 21 to rise, thereby achieving the goal that when the workpiece is smaller, the greater the amplitude of the rise of the cavity telescopic body, ensuring that the mechanical arm can always grab the workpiece on the same horizontal plane, which is convenient and quick, and the mechanical arm no longer needs to calculate the grabbing height each time.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the bottom end of the hollow telescopic body 21 is fixedly connected with a compression chamber 24, the inner cavity of the compression chamber 24 is fixedly installed with a compression spring, the front side of the compression spring is fixedly installed with a compression plate, the side of the compression chamber 24 away from the hollow telescopic body 21 is fixedly connected with an opening and closing tube 25, the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 25 is fixedly connected with a blocking component 26, the bottom end of the blocking component 26 is fixedly connected with a conical block 27, the side of the opening and closing tube 25 away from the compression chamber 24 is fixedly connected with a connecting telescopic tube 28, the top of the connecting telescopic tube 28 is fixedly connected with a dust removal tube 29, the front side of the dust removal tube 29 is fixedly connected with an air outlet nozzle 30, the side of the lifting plate 6 away from the clamping plate 8 is fixedly connected with a piston cylinder 232, the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 232 is movably sleeved with a piston rod 23, the blocking component 19 and the blocking component 26 are both composed of a pressure spring and a blocking rod, the bottom end of the blocking rod is connected to the conical block 20 or the conical block 20. The shape block 27 is fixedly connected, the front side of the piston cylinder 2 32 is fixedly connected with a fixed telescopic tube 34, the inner cavity of the machine tool 1 is fixedly connected with a contact block 2 36, the side of the piston cylinder 11 away from the cylinder 1 5 is fixedly connected with a one-way air inlet valve 15, the inner cavity of the connecting pipe 13 is fixedly connected with a one-way air outlet valve 14, there are a plurality of one-way air outlet valves 14 and one-way air inlet valves 15, and the plurality of one-way air outlet valves 14 and one-way air inlet valves 15 are respectively fixedly installed on the inner cavity of the connecting pipe 13, the top of the fixed telescopic tube 34, the side of the compression chamber 24 close to the cavity telescopic body 21, the side of the piston cylinder 11 away from the cylinder 5, and the rear side of the piston cylinder 2 32, the rear side of the support chain 3 is fixedly connected with a fixed ring 31, the dust removal pipe 29 is fixedly sleeved in the inner cavity of the fixed ring 31, the blocking component 19 and the blocking component 26 are both composed of a reset spring and a blocking block, and the contact block 1 35 and the contact block 2 36 are staggered.

[0039] In the embodiment, when the clamping plate 8 moves, it drives the piston rod 233 to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 232, thereby squeezing the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 232 along the fixed telescopic tube 34 to the inner cavity of the compression chamber 24. After the mechanical arm 38 grabs the workpiece, the supporting plate 4 continues to move, so that the conical block 27 contacts the contact block 236, and the contact block 236 pushes the blocking component 26 at the top of the conical block 27 upward, so that the compression chamber 24 and the inner cavity of the connecting telescopic tube 28 are connected, so that the air is blown out from the air outlet nozzle 30 along the connecting telescopic tube 28 to the top of the supporting plate 4, keeping the supporting plate 4 clean, and when the air in the inner cavity of the compression chamber 24 is reduced, the air in the inner cavity of the cavity telescopic body 21 enters the inner cavity of the compression chamber 24 through the one-way air outlet valve 14 and flows along the connecting telescopic tube 28, thereby achieving that after the workpiece on the top of the supporting plate 4 is taken away, the top of the supporting plate 4 can be blown and cleaned.

[0040] An automatic disassembly and assembly method of an automatic disassembly and assembly device, first, the clamping plate 8 is in the highest state, the workpiece is placed on the top of the carrying plate 4, and the cylinder 1 5 is first started to drive the lifting plate 6 to move along the axis direction of the cylinder 1 5, and then the clamping plate 8 is driven to descend, and the height of the clamping plate 8 is proportional to the height of the workpiece. The lower the height of the workpiece, the greater the downward movement of the clamping plate 8. Then, the cylinder 2 7 is started to drive the clamping plate 8 to move in the direction of the workpiece, so that the clamping head 10 and the bottom anti-skid 37 clamp the workpiece, and through the retractability of the spring assembly 9, the clamping head 10 can fit the surface of the object tightly, and can clamp some objects with curved surfaces;

[0041] When the cylinder 15 drives the lifting plate 6 to move, the lifting plate 6 drives the piston rod 12 to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 11, so that the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 11 is squeezed by the piston rod 12, and the squeezed air enters the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 16 along the connecting pipe 13 for compression. When the height of the workpiece is lower, the distance moved by the piston rod 12 is longer, and more air is compressed into the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 16. When the lifting plate 6 moves, it drives the piston rod 2 33 to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 32, and then squeezes the air into the inner cavity of the compression chamber 24 along the fixed telescopic tube 34 for compression;

[0042] When the carrier plate 4 moves to the position of the mechanical arm 38, the conical block 20 contacts the contact block 35, and the conical block 20 drives the blocking component 19 to move upward in the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 18, so that the compression cylinder 16 is connected with the cavity telescopic body 21 through the supporting telescopic tube 17, so that the cavity telescopic body 21 is raised, and the height of the cavity telescopic body 21 is inversely proportional to the height of the workpiece. When the height of the workpiece is lower, the height of the cavity telescopic body 21 is higher, so that the mechanical arm 38 can always clamp the workpiece of the same height, and then start the cylinder 27 to drive the clamping plate 8 to move, loosen the fixation of the workpiece, and then the mechanical arm 38 grabs the workpiece;

[0043] After grabbing, the mounting plate 23 continues to move, so that the contact block 236 contacts the conical block 27, thereby driving the conical block 27 to move, and the movement of the conical block 27 drives the blocking component 26 to move in the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 25, so that the air in the inner cavity of the compression chamber 24 is discharged to the inner cavity of the dust removal tube 29 along the connecting telescopic tube 28, and then the air flow is compressed and blown out to the top of the supporting plate 4 through the air outlet nozzle 30, and when the air in the inner cavity of the compression chamber 24 is reduced, the air in the inner cavity of the cavity telescopic body 21 enters the compression chamber 24 and is also ejected from the air outlet nozzle 30, and then the cavity telescopic body 21 returns to its normal height, and the cylinder 15 drives the lifting plate 6 to return to its high position, and when the lifting plate 6 moves, it drives the piston rod 12 to rise in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 11, thereby replenishing the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 11 through the one-way air intake valve 15.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic disassembly and assembly device, comprising a machine tool (1), wherein a carrying plate (4) is arranged on the machine tool (1), characterized in that: Cylinder 1 (5) is fixedly mounted on both left and right sides of the bearing plate (4); the output shaft of cylinder 1 (5) is fixedly sleeved with a lifting plate (6); the lifting plate (6) is fixedly connected to cylinder 2 (7) on the side away from the bearing plate (4); the output end of cylinder 2 (7) faces the workpiece and is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (8); the inner cavity of the clamping plate (8) is fixedly connected to a spring assembly (9); and the side of the spring assembly (9) close to the bearing plate (4) is fixedly connected to a clamping head (10); The top of the bearing plate (4) is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder (11), the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (11) is movably sleeved with a piston rod (12), the bottom of the piston cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to a connecting tube (13), the middle of the connecting tube (13) is fixedly connected to a compression cylinder (16), the bottom end of the compression cylinder (16) is fixedly connected to a supporting telescopic tube (17), the bottom end of the supporting telescopic tube (17) is fixedly connected to an opening and closing tube (18), the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube (18) is fixedly connected to a blocking component (19), the bottom end of the blocking component (19) is fixedly connected to a conical block (20), the lower end of the supporting telescopic tube (17) is fixedly connected to a cavity telescopic body (21), and a contact block (35) is fixedly mounted on the machine tool (1); The bottom end of the hollow telescopic body (21) is fixedly connected to a compression chamber (24), the inner cavity of the compression chamber (24) is fixedly mounted with a compression spring, the front side of the compression spring is fixedly mounted with a compression plate, the side of the compression chamber (24) away from the hollow telescopic body (21) is fixedly connected to a second opening and closing tube (25), the inner cavity of the second opening and closing tube (25) is fixedly connected to a second blocking component (26), the bottom end of the second blocking component (26) is fixedly connected to a second conical block (27), the side of the second opening and closing tube (25) away from the compression chamber (24) is fixedly connected to a connecting telescopic tube (28), the top end of the connecting telescopic tube (28) is fixedly connected to a second connecting tube (28). A dust removal pipe (29) is connected, the front side of the dust removal pipe (29) is fixedly connected to an air outlet nozzle (30), the side of the lifting plate (6) away from the clamping plate (8) is fixedly connected to a second piston cylinder (32), the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder (32) is movably sleeved with a second piston rod (33), the front side of the second piston cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to a fixed telescopic tube (34), the inner cavity of the machine tool (1) is fixedly connected to a second contact block (36), the blocking component 1 (19) and the blocking component 2 (26) are both composed of a pressure spring and a blocking rod, and the bottom end of the blocking rod is fixedly connected to the first conical block (20) or the second conical block (27); The top end of the piston rod 1 (12) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (6), and the piston cylinder 1 (11) is connected to the inner cavity of the compression cylinder (16) through the connecting pipe (13).

2. The automatic disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring assembly (9) is composed of a damping telescopic rod and a spring. The bottom end of the clamping plate (8) is fixedly connected to a bottom anti-slip (37). The center of the bottom end of the bearing plate (4) is fixedly connected to a guide telescopic rod (22).

3. The automatic disassembly and assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mechanical arm (38) is arranged at the top end of the machine tool (1); a mounting plate (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide telescopic rod (22); and the mounting plate (23) is arranged on the surface of the support chain (3).

4. The automatic disassembly and assembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A one-way air inlet valve (15) is fixedly connected to the side of the piston cylinder 1 (11) away from the cylinder 1 (5), and a one-way air outlet valve (14) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting pipe (13). There are a plurality of one-way air outlet valves (14) and one-way air inlet valves (15). The plurality of one-way air outlet valves (14) and one-way air inlet valves (15) are respectively fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the connecting pipe (13), the top of the fixed telescopic pipe (34), the side of the compression chamber (24) close to the cavity telescopic body (21), the side of the piston cylinder 1 (11) away from the cylinder 1 (5), and the rear side of the piston cylinder 2 (32).

5. The automatic disassembly and assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing ring (31) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the support chain (3), and the dust removal pipe (29) is fixedly sleeved in the inner cavity of the fixing ring (31).

6. The automatic disassembly and assembly device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blocking assembly 1 (19) and the blocking assembly 2 (26) are both composed of a return spring and a blocking block, and the contact block 1 (35) and the contact block 2 (36) are installed alternately.

7. The automatic disassembly and assembly method of the automatic disassembly and assembly device according to claim 6, characterized in that: First, the clamping plate (8) is in the highest state, the workpiece is placed on the top of the supporting plate (4), and the cylinder (5) is started to drive the lifting plate (6) to move along the axis direction of the cylinder (5), and then the clamping plate (8) is driven to descend. The height of the clamping plate (8) is proportional to the height of the workpiece. The lower the height of the workpiece, the greater the downward movement of the clamping plate (8). Then, the cylinder (7) is started to drive the clamping plate (8) to move in the direction of the workpiece, so that the clamping head (10) and the bottom anti-skid (37) clamp the workpiece, and through the retractability of the spring assembly (9), the clamping head (10) can fit closely with the surface of the workpiece, so that it can clamp some curved workpieces; When the cylinder 1 (5) drives the lifting plate (6) to move, the lifting plate (6) drives the piston rod 1 (12) to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 (11), thereby squeezing the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 (11) through the piston rod 1 (12), and the squeezed air enters the inner cavity of the compression cylinder (16) along the connecting pipe (13). When the height of the workpiece is lower, the distance moved by the piston rod 1 (12) is longer, and more air is compressed into the inner cavity of the compression cylinder (16). When the clamping plate (8) moves, it drives the piston rod 2 (33) to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 (32), and then squeezes the air into the inner cavity of the compression chamber (24) along the fixed telescopic pipe (34); The carrying plate (4) drives the workpiece to each processing area. After the workpiece is welded, the carrying plate (4) moves to the mechanical arm (38). The conical block (20) contacts the contact block (35). The conical block (20) drives the blocking component (19) to move upward in the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube (18), thereby allowing the compression cylinder (16) to penetrate the cavity telescopic body (21) through the supporting telescopic tube (17), thereby causing the cavity telescopic body (21) to rise. The height of the cavity telescopic body (21) is inversely proportional to the height of the workpiece. When the workpiece is shorter, the height of the cavity telescopic body (21) is higher, so that the mechanical arm (38) can always clamp the workpiece of the same height. Then, the cylinder (7) is started to drive the clamping plate (8) to move, loosen the fixation of the workpiece, and then the mechanical arm (38) grabs the workpiece and puts it into storage. After grabbing, the mounting plate (23) continues to move, so that the contact block 2 (36) contacts the conical block 2 (27), thereby driving the conical block 2 (27) to move, and the movement of the conical block 2 (27) drives the blocking component 2 (26) to move in the inner cavity of the opening and closing tube 2 (25), so that the compressed air in the inner cavity of the compression chamber (24) is discharged along the connecting telescopic tube (28) to the inner cavity of the dust removal tube (29), and then the air flow is compressed and blown out to the carrier plate (4) through the air outlet nozzle (30). When the air in the compression chamber (24) decreases, the air in the cavity of the telescopic body (21) enters the compression chamber (24) and is also ejected from the air outlet nozzle (30). Then, the telescopic body (21) returns to its normal height, and the cylinder (5) drives the lifting plate (6) to return to its high position. When the lifting plate (6) moves, it drives the piston rod (12) to rise in the cavity of the piston cylinder (11), thereby replenishing the air in the cavity of the piston cylinder (11) through the one-way air inlet valve (15).

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