A molten salt electrolytic furnace with uniform material distribution and uniform material distribution method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a molten salt electrolytic furnace with uniform material distribution and a uniform material distribution method thereof, comprising an electrolytic furnace, comprising an electrolytic cell, an anode plate arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and a collecting device arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell; a cathode body is placed in the electrolytic cell; a stirring system comprises a plurality of stirring claws extending into the electrolytic cell, the ends of the plurality of stirring claws are all connected to the same linkage unit, and the linkage unit drives the stirring claws to rotate and swing and stir; a rotating device is located below the electrolytic furnace and is used to drive the electrolytic furnace to rotate; an exhaust gas treatment system is connected to the electrolytic cell and absorbs heat, cleans and discharges the exhaust gas generated in the electrolytic cell; the linkage unit comprises a rotating structure and a self-rotating drive assembly, the rotating structure swings around a first axis under the drive of an actuating component, driving the stirring claw to swing at the same time; the self-rotating drive assembly drives the stirring claw to swing around a second axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrolysis technology, and in particular to a molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution and a uniform material distribution method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rare earth molten salt electrolysis process is the main method for the production and preparation of rare earth metals. The electrolytic cell is the main equipment in this process, and its structure directly affects the quality of rare earth metal products, work efficiency and production cost. When the rare earth oxide is melted in molten salt, the melting temperature in the electrolysis equipment is above 1000°C. Maintaining a balanced and stable melting temperature during the electrolysis process is one of the prerequisites for the normal operation of the electrolysis process.

[0003] Existing electrolytic furnaces usually place a molybdenum pot for collecting rare earth metals at the bottom of the furnace, and graphite anodes are installed around the furnace. A tungsten-molybdenum alloy rod is inserted in the middle of the furnace as a cathode. The furnace is filled with molten salt. Under the action of the inter-electrode electric field between the cathode and the anode, the molten salt acts as a resistor to generate heat and becomes molten, while maintaining the temperature required for the electrolysis process.

[0004] However, during the electrolysis process, molten salt is deposited at the bottom of the molybdenum pot. In factory production, the molten salt at the bottom of the molybdenum pot needs to be continuously stirred, but the existing stirring device does not stir evenly enough, which easily leads to precipitation dead corners, and needs to be improved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution and a uniform material distribution method thereof.

[0006] The above-mentioned problem of the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution, comprising:

[0008] The electrolytic furnace comprises an electrolytic cell, an anode sheet arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and a collecting device arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell; a cathode body is placed in the electrolytic cell;

[0009] A stirring system, comprising a plurality of stirring claws extending into the electrolytic cell, the ends of the plurality of stirring claws being connected to the same linkage unit, and the linkage unit driving the stirring claws to rotate and swing for stirring;

[0010] A rotating device, located below the electrolytic furnace, used to drive the electrolytic furnace to rotate;

[0011] The tail gas treatment system is connected to the electrolytic cell to absorb heat, clean and discharge the tail gas generated in the electrolytic cell;

[0012] The linkage unit comprises a rotating structure and a self-rotating driving assembly, wherein the rotating structure swings around the first axis under the driving of the actuating component, driving the stirring claw to swing simultaneously;

[0013] The self-rotation driving assembly drives the stirring claw to swing around the second axis.

[0014] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the stirring claw comprises a stirring leg and a stirring sheet arranged at the end of the stirring leg, and one end of the stirring sheet is connected to the stirring leg by heat riveting.

[0015] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the rotating structure includes a swing frame and a retaining frame connected by a frame rod, and the actuating component is connected to the swing frame by a pin shaft to drive the swing frame to perform reciprocating motion.

[0016] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the upper end of the stirring claw is detachably connected to the retaining frame and swings along with the retaining frame.

[0017] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the self-rotation drive assembly includes a planetary gear assembly driven by a rotating frame, and the sun gear of the planetary gear assembly is arranged on the rotating frame and reciprocates around the first axis together with the rotating frame;

[0018] The planetary gears revolve around the sun gear.

[0019] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the self-rotation drive assembly and the stirring claw are transmitted via a linkage rod assembly, the linkage rod assembly is a connecting rod, and both ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the planetary gear and the stirring claw through a universal joint coupling.

[0020] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the rotating device comprises:

[0021] A turntable is used to install the electrolytic furnace and drive the electrolytic furnace to rotate;

[0022] The rotating mechanism is located below the turntable and drives the turntable to rotate;

[0023] The rotating mechanism at least comprises a rotating assembly and a rotating seat. The rotating assembly is rotatably arranged on the rotating seat, driven to rotate by a driving mechanism, and extends above the rotating seat to be connected with a turntable.

[0024] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the exhaust gas treatment system comprises an air outlet duct connected to the opening of the electrolytic cell, and a baking chamber and a cleaning chamber are sequentially arranged in the air outlet duct along the air outlet direction;

[0025] A graphite sheet is placed in the baking chamber to absorb the heat in the passing exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is cleaned in the cleaning chamber.

[0026] The above technical solution is further configured as follows: the cleaning chamber and the baking chamber are connected to each other, and a deposition portion is provided relative to the baking chamber to increase the internal space of the cleaning chamber.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for uniformly distributing a molten material, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1. Inject electrolyte into the electrolytic furnace. The electrolytic furnace rotates clockwise at a speed of 3-5 rpm under the action of the rotating device, and the electrolyte in the electrolytic furnace forms a relatively slow eddy current;

[0029] S2. Heat the electrolytic furnace to keep the temperature inside the furnace at 1000°C ± 50°C, inject raw materials, and the raw materials move in the same direction of eddy current as the electrolyte;

[0030] S3, starting the actuating component, the output shaft of the actuating component performs telescopic motion, driving the swing frame of the rotating structure to swing around the first axis, thereby causing the entire rotating structure to swing;

[0031] S4, the sun gear swings with the swing frame, and transmits the meshed multiple planetary gears, so that the planetary gears rotate back and forth and revolve around the sun gear; the linkage rod assembly is driven by the planetary gears to rotate and swing around the first axis, and transmits its rotational motion to the stirring claw;

[0032] S5, the stirring claw reciprocates along with the rotating frame, and at the same time reciprocates around the second axis under the action of the linkage rod assembly;

[0033] S6, the stirring blade is driven by the stirring leg to swing and rotate around the second axis to stir the molten material in the electrolytic cell;

[0034] S7. After the metal is precipitated, the liquid level in the electrolytic cell is lowered, the electrolyte is replenished, and the replenishment speed of the electrolyte is controlled;

[0035] S8. The tail gas treatment system absorbs the tail gas in the electrolytic cell.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. By swinging and rotating the stirring claw, the stirring claw can stir in multiple directions at the same time, so that the stirring claw can stir the materials in the electrolytic cell more evenly, which has the effect of achieving continuous stirring, more uniform stirring, and improving electrolysis efficiency; based on the above stirring method, the molten salt in the electrolytic furnace can be effectively electrolyzed to precipitate rare earth metals, thereby improving the precipitation purity and production efficiency of rare earth metals;

[0038] 2. A stirring blade is arranged on the stirring leg, and the stirring blade can move and deflect at the same time, so as to stir the dead corner between the electrolytic cell and the anode plate, and stir and distribute the molten salt in an all-round manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the position structure of the stirring claw in the electrolytic cell (the cathode body is not drawn).

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the mixing system.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating structure and the actuating component.

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the middle.

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the rotating device.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rotating device.

[0046] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotating device.

[0047] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in the middle.

[0048] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tail gas treatment system and the electrolytic furnace.

[0049] In the attached drawings, it is marked as follows: 100, electrolytic furnace; 101, electrolytic cell; 110, anode sheet;

[0050] 200. Collection device;

[0051] 300, stirring system; 310, stirring claw; 311, stirring leg; 312, stirring blade; 320, rotating frame; 321, swing frame; 322, retaining frame; 323, frame rod; 330, self-rotating drive assembly; 331, sun gear; 332, planetary gear; 333, rotating shaft; 340, actuating member; 341, output shaft; 350, pin shaft; 360, fixed base; 370, quick chuck;

[0052] 400, rotating device; 410, turntable; 411, positioning pin; 420, mounting frame; 430, rotating mechanism; 431, rotating seat; 432, rotating shaft; 433, first bearing; 431.1, rotating chamber; 450, driving component;

[0053] 500, exhaust gas treatment system; 510, air outlet duct; 501, baking chamber; 502, cleaning chamber; 502.1, deposition area; 511, cleaning door;

[0054] 600, linkage rod assembly; 610, connecting rod; 620, universal joint coupling;

[0055] 710, spherical support wheel; 720, track ring; 721, track groove; 730, support seat; 740, second bearing;

[0056] a, first axis; b, second axis; 1, graphite sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0058] like Figure 1-10 As shown, this embodiment discloses a molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution, comprising:

[0059] The electrolytic furnace 100 includes an electrolytic cell 101, an anode plate 110 disposed on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 101, and a collecting device 200 disposed at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 101; a cathode body is placed in the electrolytic cell 101;

[0060] The stirring system 300 includes a plurality of stirring claws 310 extending into the electrolytic cell 101, the ends of the plurality of stirring claws 310 are connected to the same linkage unit, and the linkage unit drives the stirring claws 310 to rotate and swing for stirring;

[0061] The rotating seat 431 is located below the electrolytic furnace 100 and is used to drive the electrolytic furnace 100 to rotate;

[0062] The tail gas treatment system 500 is connected to the electrolytic cell 101, and absorbs heat, cleans and discharges the tail gas generated in the electrolytic cell 101;

[0063] The linkage unit includes a rotating structure 320 and a self-rotating driving assembly 330. The rotating structure 320 is driven by the actuating member 340 to swing around the first axis a, driving the stirring claw 310 to swing simultaneously.

[0064] The self-rotation driving assembly 330 drives the stirring claw 310 to swing around the second axis b.

[0065] The above is the basic solution of this embodiment.

[0066] Specific reference Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the stirring claws 310 of the stirring system 300 extend into the electrolytic cell 101 to stir the molten salt in the electrolytic cell 101, and the cathode body in the electrolytic cell 101 is located at the center of the plurality of stirring claws 310;

[0067] The actuating member 340 is preferably a gas cylinder or an electric cylinder, and its output shaft 341 is hinged on the linkage unit; the linkage unit is driven to move by the telescopic action of the output shaft 341, so that the stirring claw 310 moves to stir the molten salt in the electrolytic cell 101;

[0068] The stirring movement of the stirring claw 310 is set as follows: the rotating frame 320 swings around the first axis a under the drive of the actuating member 340, so that the stirring claw 310 also swings accordingly; it should be noted that the first axis a is the central axis of the rotating frame 320, that is, the rotating frame 320 reciprocates around its own axis at a small angle, so that the stirring claw 310 also swings back and forth around the first axis a;

[0069] In addition, while the rotating structure 320 is swinging, the self-rotating drive component 330 drives the stirring claw 310 to swing around the second axis b at the same time; it should be noted that the second axis b is the central axis of the stirring claw 310 itself, that is, the stirring claw 310, under the action of the self-rotating drive component 330, makes a small angle reciprocating rotation around its own axis.

[0070] With such an arrangement, the stirring claw 310 swings around the first axis a while swinging around the second axis b, so that the stirring claw 310 stirs the material in the electrolytic cell 101 more evenly, which has the effects of achieving continuous stirring, more uniform stirring, and improved electrolysis efficiency; based on the above stirring method, the molten salt in the electrolytic furnace 100 can be effectively electrolyzed to precipitate rare earth metals, thereby improving the precipitation purity and production efficiency of rare earth metals.

[0071] Preferably, in this embodiment, the stirring claw 310 includes a stirring leg 311 and a stirring blade 312 provided at the end of the stirring leg 311, and one end of the stirring blade 312 is connected to the stirring leg 311 by heat riveting.

[0072] Specific reference Figure 3As shown, the stirring blade 312 is arranged at the lower end of the stirring leg 311 and is arranged along the radial direction of the stirring leg 311, so that the stirring blade 312 extends between the electrolytic cell 101 and the anode plate 110; when the stirring claw 310 swings around the first axis a driven by the rotating frame 320, the stirring blade 312 moves between the electrolytic cell 101; at the same time, when the stirring claw 310 swings around the second axis b, the stirring blade 312 performs a reciprocating deflection between the anode plate 110 and the electrolytic cell 101;

[0073] Based on the above configuration, the stirring blade 312 can move and deflect at the same time, so as to stir the dead corner between the electrolytic cell 101 and the anode plate 110 and stir and evenly distribute the molten salt in all directions.

[0074] Preferably, in this embodiment, the stirring blade 312 is made of alloy material, and the stirring leg 311 is made of stainless steel. The two materials have different thermal expansion coefficients, and are connected by hot riveting, which can extend the service life of the stirring claw 310.

[0075] In this embodiment, the driving mode of the actuating component 340 and the rotating structure 320 is specifically configured as follows: the rotating structure 320 includes a swing frame 321 and a retaining frame 322 connected by a frame rod 323, and the actuating component 340 is connected to the swing frame 321 through a pin shaft 350, driving the swing frame 321 to perform reciprocating motion.

[0076] Specific reference Figure 4 The swing frame 321 and the retaining frame 322 are arranged in upper and lower positions, and are connected and modified into a whole through a vertical frame rod 323. At the same time, the retaining frame 322 is a ring structure with a hollow in the middle for placing the cathode body;

[0077] A protruding portion is provided on the swing frame 321 extending outward, and the end of the output shaft 341 of the actuating member 340 is connected to the protruding portion; when the output shaft 341 performs a telescopic movement, the protruding portion is driven to move in the horizontal direction, thereby causing the swing frame 321 to move horizontally;

[0078] In addition, in this embodiment, a fixed base 360 ​​is further provided, and the swing frame 321 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 360; when the output shaft 341 drives the swing frame 321, the swing frame 321 rotates back and forth on the fixed base 360, thereby swinging;

[0079] A travel switch is also provided on the fixed base 360 ​​, and the travel switch is located on the swing path of one of the protruding parts. When the swing frame 321 rotates to a set angle, the protruding part can activate the travel switch, so that the actuating component 340 drives the swing frame 321 in the reverse direction.

[0080] In this embodiment, the stirring claw 310 is connected to the retaining frame 322 , and the specific connection method is: the upper end of the stirring claw 310 is detachably connected to the retaining frame 322 and swings with the retaining frame 322 .

[0081] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 As shown, a quick clamp 370 is installed on the retaining frame 322, and the upper end of the stirring claw 310 is supported on the quick clamp 370, so that the stirring claw 310 can be easily disassembled, maintained and replaced.

[0082] In this embodiment, the specific implementation of the self-rotation driving component 330 is as follows: the self-rotation driving component 330 includes a planetary gear 332 component driven by a rotating frame 320, and a sun gear 331 of the planetary gear 332 component is disposed on the rotating frame 320, and reciprocates around the first axis a along with the rotating frame 320;

[0083] The planetary gears 332 revolve around the sun gear 331 .

[0084] Specific reference Figure 5 As shown, the sun gear 331 is fixed on the swing frame 321, and a plurality of planetary gears 332 are meshed and arranged on the outer periphery of the sun gear 331, and are movably mounted on the swing frame 321 through a rotating shaft 333;

[0085] When the actuating member 340 drives the swing frame 321 to swing through the telescopic action, the sun gear 331 also performs a small angle reciprocating rotation, and the planetary gear 332 performs a small angle reciprocating revolution relative to the sun gear 331 under the meshing of the sun gear 331, and at the same time, the planetary gear 332 performs a reciprocating rotation around its own axis;

[0086] The stirring claw 310 is driven by the rotation driving assembly 330 to perform reciprocating rotation around the second axis b.

[0087] As one of the transmission methods for the stirring claw 310 and the self-rotating driving assembly 330, the self-driving rotating assembly and the stirring claw 310 are transmitted through a linkage rod assembly 600, and the linkage rod assembly 600 has a connecting rod 610, and both ends of the connecting rod 610 are respectively connected to the planetary gear 332 and the stirring claw 310 through a universal joint coupling 620.

[0088] Specific reference Figure 3 As shown, the connecting rod 610 is arranged between the swing frame 321 and the retaining frame 322, and both ends are connected with universal joint couplings 620; the rotating shaft 333 of the planetary gear 332 is connected to the universal joint coupling 620 at the upper end of the connecting rod 610; the upper end of the stirring claw 310 passes through the quick clamp 370 and is connected to the universal joint coupling 620 at the lower end of the connecting rod 610.

[0089] The universal joint coupling 620 utilizes the characteristics of its mechanism to enable the two connected shafts to rotate continuously when the two shafts are not on the same axis and there is an axis angle, and to reliably transmit torque and motion.

[0090] Preferably, the universal joint coupling 620 in this embodiment is preferably a cross-axis universal joint coupling 620, whose transmission characteristic is that it does not transmit the swinging motion but transmits the rotating motion;

[0091] When the planetary gear 332 swings and rotates, the rotational motion is transmitted to the stirring leg 311 of the stirring claw 310 through the universal joint coupling 620 via the connecting rod 610, so that the stirring leg 311 rotates reciprocatingly.

[0092] In this embodiment, as one implementation of the rotating device 400, the rotating device 400 includes:

[0093] The turntable 410 is used to install the electrolytic furnace 100 and drive the electrolytic furnace 100 to rotate;

[0094] The rotating mechanism 430 is located below the turntable 410 and drives the turntable 410 to rotate;

[0095] The rotating mechanism 430 at least includes a rotating assembly and a rotating seat 431 . The rotating assembly is rotatably disposed on the rotating seat 431 , driven to rotate by the driving component 450 , and extends above the rotating seat 431 to be connected to the turntable 410 .

[0096] Specific reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotating mechanism 430 includes a mounting frame 420, a turntable 410 is arranged on the mounting frame 420, and a rotating seat 431 is fixed at the center of the mounting frame 420; a positioning pin 411 is provided on the turntable 410 for positioning and installing the electrolytic furnace 100; the electrolytic furnace 100 is limitedly installed on the turntable 410, the turntable 410 is located on the rotating seat 431, and is connected to the rotating component; the driving component 450 drives the rotating component to rotate, driving the turntable 410 to rotate, so that the electrolytic furnace 100 also rotates at a high speed, and the metal single substance formed by electrolysis in the electrolytic furnace 100 is thrown out by centrifugal motion, and is evenly deposited in the collection device 200 in the electrolytic cell 101.

[0097] The rotating assembly includes a rotating shaft 432 and a first bearing 433 connected between the rotating shaft 432 and the rotating seat 431 .

[0098] The rotating shaft 432 is a long shaft, the lower end of which is connected to the driving component 450, and the upper end of which passes through the rotating seat 431 and is connected to the turntable 410. The first bearing 433 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 432 and is located in the rotating cavity 431.1 of the rotating seat 431, so that the rotating shaft 432 can rotate relative to the rotating seat 431.

[0099] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first bearing 433 is selected as a tapered roller bearing, and two of them are provided, which are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the rotating cavity 431 . 1 on the rotating seat 431 .

[0100] Tapered roller bearings are separable bearings, and both the inner and outer rings of the bearings have tapered raceways. This type of bearing is divided into single-row, double-row and four-row tapered roller bearings according to the number of rows of rollers installed. Single-row tapered roller bearings can withstand radial loads and axial loads in a single direction. When the bearing is subjected to radial loads, an axial force component will be generated, so another bearing that can withstand the axial force in the opposite direction is needed to balance it.

[0101] Compared with conventional bearings, tapered rollers can withstand greater loads.

[0102] In order to ensure the stability of the furnace body during high-speed rotation, in this embodiment, a supporting structure is provided between the turntable 410 and the mounting frame 420 , and the supporting structure is provided around the rotating assembly to support the turntable 410 .

[0103] Specific reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the support structure includes a plurality of spherical support wheels 710 , and a track ring 720 capable of accommodating the upper ends of the spherical support wheels 710 is disposed at the bottom of the turntable 410 .

[0104] Among them, the spherical support wheel 710 is vertically arranged, and the upper end is an arc-shaped surface, and the arc-shaped end is inserted into the track groove 721 of the track ring 720. When the turntable 410 rotates, the spherical support wheel 710 always rotates along the track ring 720, supporting the track ring 720 in the vertical direction, thereby supporting the turntable 410.

[0105] During the rotation process, the spherical support wheel 710 contacts and moves relative to the track ring 720. In order to reduce friction as much as possible, in this embodiment, the movement mode is set to rolling. The specific implementation method is as follows: the spherical support wheel 710 is axially provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is movably mounted on the support seat 730 through a second bearing 740.

[0106] The spherical support wheel 710 is rotatably connected to the support seat 730 via a rotating shaft. When the turntable 410 drives the track ring 720 to rotate, the spherical support wheel 710 is driven to rotate, so that the spherical support wheel 710 rolls on the track ring 720, reducing friction.

[0107] Preferably, in this embodiment, the driving component 450 is a driving motor, and the driving motor and the rotating shaft 432 are driven by a belt.

[0108] In this embodiment, as one implementation of the exhaust gas treatment system 500, the exhaust gas treatment system 500 includes an air outlet duct 510 connected to the opening of the electrolytic cell 101, and a baking chamber 501 and a cleaning chamber 502 are sequentially arranged in the air outlet duct 510 along the air outlet direction;

[0109] A graphite sheet 1 is placed in the baking chamber 501 to absorb the heat in the passing exhaust gas; and the exhaust gas is cleaned in the cleaning chamber 502 .

[0110] Specific reference Fig.10 As shown, a suction device is provided at the far end of the air outlet duct 510, and the other end of the air outlet duct 510 is connected to the opening of the electrolytic cell 101, so that the exhaust gas generated in the electrolytic cell 101 is sucked out through the air outlet duct 510;

[0111] When the exhaust gas is sucked out, it passes through the baking chamber 501 and the cleaning chamber 502 in sequence. When passing through the baking chamber 501, the graphite sheet 1 in the baking chamber 501 absorbs the heat in the exhaust gas. The absorbed heat bakes the graphite sheet 1 and removes the moisture inside the graphite sheet 1, so that the graphite sheet 1 can be used as the anode sheet 110.

[0112] Preferably, in this embodiment, the baking chamber 501 is provided with a switch door, and the graphite sheet 1 can be taken in and out through the switch door.

[0113] A plurality of graphite sheets 1 may be arranged in the baking chamber 501 to increase the contact area between the graphite sheets 1 and the exhaust gas and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0114] In this embodiment, the cleaning chamber 502 and the baking chamber 501 are connected, and a deposition portion 502 . 1 is provided opposite to the baking chamber 501 to increase the internal space of the cleaning chamber 502 .

[0115] In this embodiment, the far end of the air outlet duct 510 is located at the top, that is, the exhaust gas is output upward under the action of the air suction device; the baking chamber 501 is set as a horizontal chamber, so the cleaning chamber 502 is set as an arc-shaped chamber, so that the far end of the air outlet duct 510 can be located at the top;

[0116] To increase the internal space of the cleaning chamber 502 , in this embodiment, a deposition portion 502 . 1 is connected to the end of the baking chamber 501 in the horizontal direction. The deposition portion 502 . 1 is combined with the arc-shaped chamber to form the cleaning chamber 502 , thereby increasing the space of the cleaning chamber 502 .

[0117] The cleaning principle of the above-mentioned setting is: increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the cleaning chamber 502 so that the exhaust gas will decrease in speed when it reaches the cleaning chamber 502 during movement, precipitate impurities and collect them in the deposition part 502.1, and an openable cleaning door 511 is provided on the air outlet duct 510 at the deposition part 502.1.

[0118] This embodiment also discloses a material uniform distribution method, comprising the following steps:

[0119] S1. Electrolyte is injected into the electrolytic furnace 100. The electrolytic furnace 100 rotates clockwise at a speed of 3-5 rpm under the action of the rotating device 400. The electrolyte in the electrolytic furnace 100 forms a relatively slow eddy current.

[0120] S2, heating the electrolytic furnace 100 to keep the temperature inside the furnace at 1000°C ± 50°C, injecting raw materials, and the raw materials and the electrolyte perform eddy current motion in the same direction;

[0121] S3, starting the actuating member 340, and causing the output shaft 341 of the actuating member 340 to perform telescopic motion, driving the swing frame 321 of the rotating structure 320 to swing around the first axis a, thereby causing the entire rotating structure 320 to swing;

[0122] S4, the sun gear 331 swings along with the swing frame 321, and transmits the meshed multiple planetary gears 332, so that the planetary gears 332 reciprocate and revolve around the sun gear 331; the linkage rod assembly 600 is driven by the planetary gears 332 to rotate and swing around the first axis a, and transmits its rotational motion to the stirring claw 310;

[0123] S5, the stirring claw 310 reciprocates along with the rotating frame 320, and simultaneously reciprocates around the second axis b under the action of the linkage rod assembly 600;

[0124] S6, the stirring blade 312 is driven by the stirring leg 311 to swing and rotate around the second axis b to stir the molten material in the electrolytic cell 101;

[0125] S7, after the metal is precipitated, the liquid level in the electrolytic cell 101 is lowered, the electrolyte is replenished, and the replenishment speed of the electrolyte is controlled;

[0126] S8. The tail gas treatment system 500 absorbs the tail gas in the electrolytic cell 101.

[0127] In step S1 , the direction of the eddy current is preferably clockwise; the electrolyte forms a slow eddy current, which can solve the adhesion problem between the anode plate 110 and the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 101 , and reduce energy consumption and consumption of the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 101 .

[0128] In step S2, the raw material is preferably an oxide. After entering the electrolytic cell 101, the raw material is stirred and mixed for the first time in the eddy current motion, so that the raw material concentration deviation in the working area is less than 5%;

[0129] Among them, a special feeder is used for the raw material, and a feed point is fixed in the electrolytic cell 101 to maintain a uniform feed rate, so as to control the mixing speed of the raw material in the electrolyte; by controlling the feed rate to match the electrolysis efficiency, the raw material concentration in the electrolyte is kept at a stable level.

[0130] In step S3 , the rotating structure 320 performs a small-angle reciprocating rotation around the first axis a.

[0131] In step S4 , the connecting rod 610 is not transmitted due to the swinging motion of the rotating structure 320 , and only the self-rotation of the connecting rod 610 is transmitted to the stirring claw 310 , so that the stirring claw 310 also rotates together.

[0132] In step S6, the stirring claw 310 stirs and mixes the electrolyte and the melt in the electrolytic cell 101 to dissolve the melt into the electrolyte. At the same time, the dead corner between the anode plate 110 and the electrolytic cell 101 is stirred to reduce the generation of insoluble matter and improve the quality of the product.

[0133] In step S7, after the metal is precipitated, the liquid level in the electrolytic cell 101 decreases, and the electrolyte is replenished at a uniform rate using a feeder. By monitoring the liquid level in the electrolytic cell 101, the electrolyte replenishment rate is ensured not to exceed the consumption rate to ensure the raw material concentration of the solution. At the same time, the temperature in the electrolytic cell 101 is maintained at a temperature difference of no more than 5°C.

[0134] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution, characterized in that: include, The electrolytic furnace (100) comprises an electrolytic cell (101), an anode plate (110) arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell (101), and a collecting device (200) arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell (101); a cathode body is placed in the electrolytic cell (101); A stirring system (300) comprises a plurality of stirring claws (310) extending into the electrolytic cell (101), the ends of the plurality of stirring claws (310) being connected to the same linkage unit, and the linkage unit driving the stirring claws (310) to rotate and swing for stirring; A rotating device (400), located below the electrolytic furnace (100), and used to drive the electrolytic furnace (100) to rotate; The tail gas treatment system (500) is connected to the electrolytic cell (101) to absorb heat, clean and discharge the tail gas generated in the electrolytic cell (101); The linkage unit comprises a rotating structure (320) and a self-rotating driving assembly (330); the rotating structure (320) is driven by an actuating component (340) to swing around a first axis (a), thereby driving the stirring claw (310) to swing simultaneously; The self-rotation driving component (330) drives the stirring claw (310) to swing around the second axis (b).

2. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring claw (310) comprises a stirring leg (311) and a stirring sheet (312) arranged at the end of the stirring leg (311); one end of the stirring sheet (312) and the stirring leg (311) are connected by heat riveting.

3. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating frame (320) comprises a swing frame (321) and a retaining frame (322) connected via a frame rod (323); the actuating component (340) is connected to the swing frame (321) via a pin shaft (350) to drive the swing frame (321) to perform reciprocating motion.

4. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the stirring claw (310) is detachably connected to the retaining frame (322) and swings along with the retaining frame (322).

5. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: The self-rotation drive component (330) comprises a planetary gear (332) component driven by a rotating frame (320); a sun gear (331) of the planetary gear (332) component is disposed on the rotating frame (320) and reciprocates around a first axis (a) along with the rotating frame (320); The planetary gear (332) revolves around the sun gear (331).

6. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that: The self-rotation driving assembly (330) and the stirring claw (310) are transmitted via a linkage rod assembly (600), wherein the linkage rod assembly (600) comprises a connecting rod (610), and both ends of the connecting rod (610) are respectively connected to the planetary gear (332) and the stirring claw (310) via a universal joint coupling (620).

7. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating device (400) comprises: A turntable (410) is used to install the electrolytic furnace (100) and drive the electrolytic furnace (100) to rotate; A rotating mechanism (430) is located below the turntable (410) and drives the turntable (410) to rotate; The rotating mechanism (430) comprises at least a rotating assembly and a rotating seat (431); the rotating assembly is rotatably disposed on the rotating seat (431), driven to rotate by a driving mechanism, and extends above the rotating seat (431) to be connected to the turntable (410).

8. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail gas treatment system (500) comprises an air outlet duct (510) connected to an opening of the electrolytic cell (101), wherein a baking chamber (501) and a cleaning chamber (502) are sequentially arranged in the air outlet duct (510) along an air outlet direction; A graphite sheet (1) is placed in the baking chamber (501) to absorb heat from the passing exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is cleaned in the cleaning chamber (502).

9. The molten salt electrolysis furnace with uniform material distribution according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cleaning chamber (502) and the baking chamber (501) are arranged in connection with each other, and a deposition portion (502.1) is arranged relative to the baking chamber (501) to increase the internal space of the cleaning chamber (502).

10. A material uniform distribution method for a molten salt electrolytic furnace using the material uniform distribution method of claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Injecting electrolyte into the electrolytic furnace (100), the electrolytic furnace (100) rotates clockwise at a speed of 3-5 revolutions per minute under the action of the rotating device (400), and the electrolyte in the electrolytic furnace (100) forms a relatively slow eddy current; S2, heating the electrolytic furnace (100) to keep the temperature inside the furnace at 1000°C ± 50°C, injecting raw materials, and the raw materials and the electrolyte undergo eddy current motion in the same direction; S3, starting the actuating component (340), causing the output shaft (341) of the actuating component (340) to perform telescopic motion, driving the swing frame (321) of the rotating structure (320) to swing around the first axis (a), thereby causing the entire rotating structure (320) to swing; S4, the sun gear (331) swings along with the swing frame (321), and transmits the multiple meshed planetary gears (332), so that the planetary gears (332) reciprocate and revolve around the sun gear (331); the linkage rod assembly (600) is driven by the planetary gears (332) to rotate and swing around the first axis (a), and transmits its rotational motion to the stirring claw (310); S5, the stirring claw (310) reciprocates along with the rotating structure (320), and at the same time reciprocates around the second axis (b) under the action of the linkage rod assembly (600); S6. The stirring blade (312) is driven by the stirring leg (311) to swing and rotate around the second axis (b) to stir the molten material in the electrolytic cell (101); S7, after the metal is precipitated, the liquid level in the electrolytic cell (101) is lowered, the electrolyte is replenished, and the replenishment speed of the electrolyte is controlled; S8. The tail gas treatment system (500) absorbs the tail gas in the electrolytic cell (101).

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