A GPU high-precision power supply system and real-time power supply adjustment method

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of GPU power supply, and provides a power supply system for high-precision power supply of a GPU and a real-time power supply adjustment method, including a control console, a voltage source and a voltage acquisition module, and aims to solve the problems of existing power supply solutions that the output voltage is changed by manually welding the resistance value of a resistor in a peripheral circuit, there is no way to adjust the power supply voltage in real time, the output power supply state cannot be feedback-collected and analyzed, and the power supply solution has low stability when dealing with obvious changes in GPU power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of GPU power supply, and in particular relates to a power supply system for GPU high-precision power supply and a real-time power supply adjustment method. Background Art

[0002] The core power supply of GPU chips has the characteristics of low voltage and large current. Especially when running some AI operations, the core power supply has large transient changes, so the stability and transient response of the power supply are very high. However, it is difficult for the existing power supply structure to achieve stable and effective power supply for GPU chips. The quality of the power supply directly affects the stability of the GPU chip hardware system. The output voltage of a poor-quality power supply is unstable or has large ripples. When the current at the load end fluctuates, the voltage at the load end cannot be adjusted in time, which will cause the GPU working voltage at the load end to be unstable, making the hardware system in an abnormal power supply state. In addition, the current GPU power supply voltage value is relatively small, mostly between 0.8V and 3.3V, with high voltage stability requirements and a voltage fluctuation range of 2%-3%. However, in actual application scenarios, due to the influence of peripheral factors such as circuit integration and layout and wiring, it will have a great impact on the operation of the GPU, so real-time dynamic adjustment is required so that the power supply can respond to changes in the GPU load end in a timely manner.

[0003] The current GPU power supply method is to use a step-down chip to divide the voltage on the main power supply, increase the upper threshold of the power supply to deal with the voltage drop in the power supply network, reduce the power ripple of the output power supply through the resistance and capacitance matching in the peripheral circuit, and use the resistance value in the peripheral welding circuit to change the output voltage. Most power supplies do not have a way to adjust the supply voltage in real time, and cannot collect and analyze the output power supply status.

[0004] In addition, there are also some patents disclosed in the field of power supply technology: such as patent number CN201511002863.3, which solves the problem of battery voltage supply, but there is a huge difference with the principle of GPU power supply network, and the patent only connects an automatic voltage stabilization unit to the power output part of the battery, and does not make creative improvements to the collection and presentation of the battery content voltage signal. For example, patent number CN2015104959 47.9 discloses a digitally controlled uninterruptible power supply system UPS for multiple protected load devices PLD, which achieves the purpose of monitoring the power supply through the setting of multiple power status detection circuits, and performs corresponding processing on the power supply through the content obtained by monitoring, and does not involve the problem of power supply sampling accuracy, and the main purpose of the patent is to play a power-off protection role in the case of multiple loads of power supply, which does not conform to the application scenario in the GPU power supply network, and cannot solve the problem of power supply stability in the real-time power supply process of GPU. For example, patent number CN201410095589.8 discloses a voltage-stabilized power supply solution with a wide range of digitally adjustable output voltage, which is widely applicable to different ultrasonic detection requirements for ultrasonic transceiver systems. However, it is not suitable for application scenarios such as GPUs that have high precision requirements and a small power supply range, and it does not achieve real-time monitoring effects by processing voltage information. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a power supply system for high-precision power supply of a GPU and a real-time power supply adjustment method, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On the one hand, the power supply system for high-precision power supply of the GPU includes a control console, a voltage source and a voltage acquisition module, wherein the voltage source is used to provide a power supply voltage, the voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage near the GPU power supply pin, and the control console is used to compare the output voltage of the voltage source with the GPU pin voltage, and to adjust the power supply voltage of the voltage source in real time to avoid power supply voltage fluctuations and output instability;

[0008] The voltage source includes a plurality of precision units connected in series between an external reference power supply and ground, and also includes a voltage superposition circuit connected to each precision unit, and the voltage superposition circuit outputs a supply voltage;

[0009] The precision unit is composed of a resistor array formed by a plurality of voltage-dividing resistors connected in series and a voltage selector. The connection nodes at both ends of each resistor are connected to the voltage selector. The voltage selector is used to select the voltage-dividing voltage output of several resistors from the resistor array.

[0010] Furthermore, in the resistor array of each precision unit, the resistance values ​​of the resistors are the same, and the resistance values ​​of the resistors in different resistor arrays are different.

[0011] Furthermore, there are M precision units in total, wherein the precision units from level 1 to level M-1 each have N-1 resistors, the precision unit of level M has N resistors, and the resistance value of a resistor in the previous level precision unit is equal to the sum of the resistance values ​​of the N next level resistors.

[0012] Furthermore, the external reference power supply includes a channel selector and a plurality of external input power supplies of different sizes, each external input power supply is connected to the channel selector, and the channel selector selects one output.

[0013] Furthermore, the resistance of each resistor in the M precision units is R 1 , R 2 , …, R M The total resistance of all precision units of the voltage source connected in series is ,in , , the total resistance of the voltage source , the external reference power supply is , the total voltage divider of the K-level precision unit is , the voltage division of a single resistor in the K-level precision unit is .

[0014] Furthermore, the voltage superposition circuit includes an operational amplifier, and the output end of each voltage selector is connected to the positive electrode of the operational amplifier through a resistor, so that the power supply voltages output by each precision unit are superimposed, and the output end of the operational amplifier outputs the final power supply voltage.

[0015] On the other hand, the real-time power supply adjustment method is implemented by using the power supply system of the GPU high-precision power supply, and the method includes the following steps:

[0016] Step S1, the console receives the power supply voltage Vx required by the GPU input by an external device;

[0017] Step S2: The console selects the best external input power output as the external reference power by controlling the channel selector. ;

[0018] Step S3: The control console determines the voltage Vx according to its accuracy and , determine the connection position of the required voltage divider resistor in each precision unit, so that the power supply voltage output by the expected voltage superposition circuit is close to Vx, and the actual output power supply voltage of the voltage superposition circuit is , where R 1 X 1 -R M XM The number of voltage divider resistors selected for M precision units respectively;

[0019] Step S4: The console reads the GPU pin voltage through the voltage acquisition module , and combined with the actual output supply voltage of the voltage source , if the actual output supply voltage The GPU power supply voltage or GPU pin voltage exceeds the allowable range. The fluctuation range is large, and the actual output power supply voltage is adjusted in real time ,conduct and The adaptation between.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S4, drawing and The change curve shows the fluctuation range and change trend of the power supply voltage when the GPU is working.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention uses numerical control to specifically design the circuit structure of the voltage source, realizes rapid adjustment of the GPU power supply voltage, and improves the data processing speed; specifically, through different precision units, a high-precision GPU power supply voltage is realized; a voltage acquisition module is used to perform real-time detection of the power supply voltage in the GPU power supply, and the detected voltage data is fed back to the console. In a preferred embodiment, a voltage curve is displayed in real time on the console to display the voltage fluctuation range and change trend. The power supply system adjusts the GPU power supply voltage in real time according to the actual power supply voltage of the voltage source, and copes with changes in power consumption in the GPU power supply network, power supply voltage drop, and the like, thereby increasing voltage stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a power supply system for GPU high-precision power supply provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a block diagram of the internal structure of a voltage source provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a detailed internal design diagram of the voltage source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] At present, the GPU power supply mode is to divide the voltage on the main power supply through the step-down chip, increase the upper threshold of the power supply to cope with the voltage drop in the power supply network, reduce the power ripple of the output power supply through the resistance and capacitance matching in the peripheral circuit, and use the resistance value in the peripheral welding circuit to change the output voltage. Most power supplies do not have a way to adjust the power supply voltage in real time, and cannot feedback, collect and analyze the output power supply state. Therefore, it is very necessary to provide a high-precision technical solution for real-time adjustment of the power supply suitable for GPU power supply. In view of the accuracy requirements of different GPU application scenarios, the present invention designs a power supply solution that can switch multiple accuracy options, realize the selection of high-precision GPU power supply voltage, and can switch between different power supply voltage ranges to cope with different application scenarios and increase the flexibility of the power supply solution. In addition, this power supply solution can also detect and process the voltage in real time, intuitively display the change trend and change range of the power supply voltage, analyze the voltage change in the GPU power supply network, adjust the power supply voltage in real time, cope with the voltage change in the GPU power supply network, and increase the voltage stability. In order to illustrate the technical solution described in the present invention, it is described below through specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a power supply system for high-precision power supply of a GPU, including a console, a voltage source and a voltage acquisition module, wherein the voltage source is used to provide a power supply voltage, the voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage near the GPU power pin, and the console is used to compare the output voltage of the voltage source with the GPU pin voltage, and to adjust the power supply voltage of the voltage source in real time based on feedback, so as to avoid power supply voltage fluctuations and output instability.

[0028] The internal structure diagram of the voltage source is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the voltage source includes a plurality of precision units connected in series between an external reference power supply and ground, and M precision units are shown in the figure, and also includes a voltage superposition circuit connected to each precision unit, and the voltage superposition circuit outputs a power supply voltage, and the voltage source provides a power supply voltage for the power supply system. The total resistance value of each precision unit is fixed, and each precision unit is divided according to the total resistance value. The precision unit can control the resistance value connected to the voltage superposition circuit, thereby changing the power supply voltage value in the power supply circuit connected to the GPU.

[0029] The voltage acquisition module consists of two parts, including a sensor and an analog-to-digital converter. The sensor is used to measure the voltage of the GPU power pin, usually a high-precision resistor. The sensor is placed near the GPU power pin. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the voltage signal at both ends of the sensor into a digital signal.

[0030] The console is the control part of the power supply system, which realizes the output control of the voltage source and performs real-time adjustment. It mainly compares the output voltage value of the voltage source with the voltage value of the GPU pin, and adjusts the actual output power supply voltage of the GPU voltage source in real time to deal with voltage value fluctuations, unstable output, etc. In addition, the voltage results output by the voltage acquisition module can be stored, calculated and analyzed; the output voltage value of the voltage source and the voltage results output by the voltage acquisition module can be displayed and compared in real time, and a voltage curve can be drawn to show the fluctuation range and change trend of the GPU voltage. In the specific hardware design, the console can use modules or chips with the above functions, such as single-chip microcomputers, SOC chips, host computers, etc. as calculation and control centers.

[0031] As a specific structure of the precision unit, Figure 3 The specific internal design structure of the voltage source shown in the figure, the precision unit is composed of a resistor array formed by multiple voltage-dividing resistors connected in series and a voltage selector, the connection nodes at both ends of each resistor are connected to the voltage selector, and the voltage selector is used to select the voltage-dividing voltage output of several resistors from the resistor array.

[0032] The precision of the voltage divider resistors in different precision units is different, and the precision units of different precision can be adjusted to output different step voltage values. In the resistor array of each precision unit, the resistance value of each resistor is the same, and the resistance values ​​of different resistor arrays are different. In this embodiment, the resistor array in the precision unit is composed of a plurality of resistors of the same resistance value and the same precision connected in series, and the connection nodes at both ends of each resistor divide the voltage according to the resistance value, and have a certain voltage value. The resistor connection nodes of the resistor array are connected to each channel of the voltage selector. By selecting different numbers of voltage divider resistors, the voltage selector can switch the supply voltage in the same resistor array and select different voltage values ​​for output. Therefore, by selecting precision units of different precision, the step precision of the voltage can be switched, and a supply voltage with higher precision and smaller step value can be output, so as to achieve accurate measurement of the input power supply voltage of the GPU to be tested.

[0033] In the figure, there are M precision units, marked as 2-1 to 2-M, and each precision unit has a voltage divider resistor and a voltage selector, and the voltage selectors are marked as 3-1 to 3-M. There are N-1 resistors in the precision units of level 1 to M-1, and N resistors in the precision unit of level M. The resistance value of a resistor in the previous level precision unit is equal to the sum of the resistance values ​​of the N next level resistors. The resistance values ​​of each resistor in the M precision units are R 1 , R 2 , …, R M , that is, precision unit 1 consists of N-1 resistors with a value of The resistors are connected in series, and the precision unit 2 consists of N-1 resistors with a value of The resistors are connected in series, and so on. The M-1th level precision unit consists of N-1 resistors. The resistors are connected in series, but the final M-level precision unit consists of N resistors. The resistors are connected in series. The voltage divider resistors in different precision unit resistor arrays have different resistance values. The specific resistance relationship is: , K is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to M, the total resistance of all precision units of the voltage source connected in series is , so the total resistance of the voltage source is .

[0034] Assume the external reference power supply is , the total voltage divider of precision unit 1 is The precision unit 1 consists of N-1 resistors with a value of The resistors are connected in series, and the voltage divided by each resistor is According to the relationship between the resistances of each level of precision units, the total voltage divider of the K-th level precision unit is , the voltage division of a single resistor in the K-level precision unit is Since the voltage divider values ​​of individual resistors at each level are known, the voltage selector selects the appropriate number of voltage divider resistors from the precision units at each level to be connected according to the required output voltage value, thereby achieving high-precision, real-time digitally controllable GPU power supply voltage regulation.

[0035] At the same time, the external reference power supply 5 also has multiple channels, n of which are shown in the figure, including a channel selector 4 and several external input power supplies VCC1-VCCn of different sizes, each of which is connected to the channel selector 4, and the channel selector 4 selects one channel for output. The voltage value range of the external input power supply is related to the power supply voltage range of the power supply system, and the console 1 is adapted and selected according to the voltage range required by the GPU.

[0036] Finally, the output voltage value of each precision unit is accumulated through the voltage superposition circuit 6, which includes an operational amplifier 8. The output end of each voltage selector is connected to the positive electrode of the operational amplifier 8 through a resistor, and the power supply voltage output by each precision unit is superimposed, and the output end 7 of the operational amplifier 8 outputs the final power supply voltage. Here ra=rb, r1=r2=…=rM.

[0037] The accuracy of the GPU power supply voltage depends on the accuracy of the voltage value output by the voltage source. The voltage value output by the voltage source is obtained by superimposing the voltage values ​​output by each precision unit. The precision unit is composed of a resistor array and a voltage selector. Different resistance values ​​in the resistor array are used to form precision units of different precisions. The designed multi-level precision unit has multiple voltage division precisions. By selecting and connecting, the output voltage value can be finely adjusted to power the GPU.

[0038] At the same time, the console outputs the actual output power supply voltage of the actual voltage source , the real-time voltage value fed back by the power acquisition module, that is, the GPU pin voltage , analyze and visualize, draw and The change curve shows the fluctuation range and change trend of the power supply voltage when the GPU is working. If the voltage value in the GPU power supply circuit is lower than the power supply voltage range required by the GPU, or the voltage fluctuation range of the GPU pin is large, the actual output power supply voltage of the GPU voltage source is adjusted in real time. ,conduct and To cope with the unstable GPU pin voltage caused by the increase of GPU memory pressure, power consumption change, and board-level voltage drop, increase the voltage stability in the GPU power supply circuit, and cope with different GPU working scenarios.

[0039] In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a real-time power supply adjustment method based on the above power supply system, such as Figure 4 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0040] Step S1: The console receives a power supply voltage Vx required by a GPU inputted from an external device.

[0041] Step S2: The console selects the best external input power output as the external reference power supply by controlling the channel selector. .

[0042] When no adjustment is performed, each precision unit is not connected to the voltage source power supply circuit, and the power supply voltage output is 0 V. When the GPU power supply circuit needs to start supplying power, the required voltage value is input into the console through an external device, and the console controls the channel selector in the voltage source to selectively conduct, and controls whether the precision unit in the voltage source is connected to the power supply voltage circuit according to the accuracy of the required voltage value, so as to provide the required voltage value in the GPU power supply circuit.

[0043] Step S3: The control console determines the voltage Vx according to its accuracy and , determine the connection position of the required voltage divider resistor in each precision unit, so that the power supply voltage output by the expected voltage superposition circuit is close to Vx, and the actual output power supply voltage of the voltage superposition circuit is , where X 1 -X M The number of voltage divider resistors selected for M precision units respectively.

[0044] When the external voltage VCC of the voltage source is determined, the console , analyze the connection position of the precision unit in the voltage source. According to the input voltage The voltage selector of each precision unit in the digitally controlled voltage source selects the appropriate number of voltage divider resistors to output the required supply voltage. .

[0045] Step S4: The console reads the GPU pin voltage through the voltage acquisition module , and combined with the actual output supply voltage of the voltage source , if the actual output supply voltage The GPU power supply voltage or GPU pin voltage exceeds the allowable range. The fluctuation range is large, and the actual output power supply voltage is adjusted in real time ,conduct and The adaptation between.

[0046] The console reads the GPU pin voltage through the voltage acquisition module , and feeds back the read voltage value to the console. The console actually outputs the supply voltage of the voltage source , the real-time GPU pin voltage fed back by the power acquisition module Analyze and visualize and The change curve shows the fluctuation range and change trend of the power supply voltage when the GPU is working. If the voltage value in the GPU power supply circuit is lower than the power supply voltage range required by the GPU or the voltage fluctuation range of the GPU pin is large, the actual output power supply voltage of the GPU voltage source is adjusted in real time. ,conduct and The adaptation between.

[0047] In this embodiment, the console stores the calculated power supply voltage value in the GPU power supply system and the actually collected voltage value, displays them in real time, draws the real-time GPU power supply system power supply voltage curve and the voltage curve in the GPU power supply circuit, and displays the fluctuation range and change trend in the GPU power supply network by comparing and analyzing the two sets of curves. If the voltage value in the GPU power supply circuit is lower than the power supply voltage range required by the GPU and the voltage fluctuation range of the GPU pin is large, the actual output power supply voltage of the GPU voltage source is adjusted in real time for adaptation.

[0048] In summary, the present invention realizes rapid adjustment of GPU power supply voltage. In specific implementation, different precision units are used to realize high-precision GPU power supply voltage. At the same time, the voltage in the GPU power supply network is detected in real time, and the detected voltage data is fed back to the console, and the voltage curve is displayed in real time on the console to display the voltage fluctuation range and change trend. The power supply system adjusts the GPU power supply voltage in real time according to the actual voltage in the GPU power supply network to cope with changes in power consumption, power supply voltage drop, etc. in the GPU power supply network, thereby increasing voltage stability.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GPU high-precision power supply system, characterized in that: It includes a control console, a voltage source and a voltage acquisition module, wherein the voltage source is used to provide a power supply voltage, the voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage near the GPU power supply pin, and the control console is used to compare the output voltage of the voltage source with the GPU pin voltage, and to adjust the power supply voltage of the voltage source in real time to avoid power supply voltage fluctuations and output instability; The voltage source includes a plurality of precision units connected in series between an external reference power supply and ground, and also includes a voltage superposition circuit connected to each precision unit, and the voltage superposition circuit outputs a supply voltage; The precision unit is composed of a resistor array formed by a plurality of voltage-dividing resistors connected in series and a voltage selector, the connection nodes at both ends of each resistor are connected to the voltage selector, and the voltage selector is used to select the voltage-dividing output of several resistors from the resistor array; there are M precision units in total, wherein the precision units of levels 1 to M-1 have N-1 resistors, the precision unit of level M has N resistors, and the resistance value of a resistor of the previous level precision unit is equal to the sum of the resistance values ​​of the N next level resistors; the resistance values ​​of each resistor in the M precision units are R1, R2, ..., R M The total resistance of all precision units connected in series is ,in , , the total resistance of the voltage source , the external reference power supply is , the total voltage divider of the K-level precision unit is , the voltage division of a single resistor in the K-level precision unit is ; The power supply is adjusted in real time through the power supply system, and the specific adjustment method is as follows: Step S1, the console receives the power supply voltage Vx required by the GPU input by an external device; Step S2: The console selects the best external input power output as the external reference power supply by controlling the channel selector. ; Step S3: The control console determines the voltage Vx according to its accuracy and , determine the connection position of the required voltage divider resistor in each precision unit, so that the power supply voltage output by the expected voltage superposition circuit is close to Vx, and the actual output power supply voltage of the voltage superposition circuit is , where R1X1-R M X M The number of voltage divider resistors selected for M precision units respectively; Step S4: The console reads the GPU pin voltage through the voltage acquisition module , and combined with the actual output supply voltage of the voltage source , if the actual output supply voltage The GPU power supply voltage or GPU pin voltage exceeds the allowable range. The fluctuation range is large, and the actual output power supply voltage is adjusted in real time ,conduct and The adaptation between.

2. The power supply system for GPU high-precision power supply as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the resistor array of each precision unit, the resistance values ​​of the resistors are the same, and the resistance values ​​of the resistors in different resistor arrays are different.

3. The GPU high-precision power supply system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The external reference power supply includes a channel selector and a plurality of external input power supplies of different sizes, each external input power supply is connected to the channel selector, and the channel selector selects one output.

4. The power supply system for GPU high-precision power supply as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage superposition circuit includes an operational amplifier, and the output end of each voltage selector is connected to the positive electrode of the operational amplifier through a resistor, and the power supply voltage division output by each precision unit is superimposed, and the output end of the operational amplifier outputs the final power supply voltage.

5. The GPU high-precision power supply system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, drawing and The change curve shows the fluctuation range and change trend of the power supply voltage when the GPU is working.

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