A device for preparing rice stubble fields by cutting seedbeds in both vertical and horizontal dimensions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for preparing a rice stubble field seedbed in both vertical and horizontal dimensions. The device is compatible with agricultural rotary tillage machinery and includes a device body. The device body includes a vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism disposed at the front and a horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism disposed at the rear. The horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism is connected to the tillage machine. A transmission device is provided between the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism and the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism. The vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism and the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism are compatible, and the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism and the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism maintain the same rotational speed through the transmission device. The present invention can simultaneously complete deep loosening, harrowing, soil crushing, straw chopping and burying, and leveling operations. The shearing effect produced by the vertical and horizontal dual-dimensional cutting method can further compensate for the shortcomings of a single rotary tiller blade, such as difficulty in cutting straw and easy entanglement.

Description

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Specifically, the present invention relates to a device for preparing a rice stubble field seed bed in both vertical and horizontal dimensions. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is one of the world's most important food crops, crucial for food security and agricultural economies worldwide. It is one of the world's most widely cultivated crops, with significant global production. Wheat is primarily used in food production, including bread, noodles, pastries, and cereals. It is also used in beer brewing and animal feed production. Its importance in the human diet is undeniable. Wheat plays a crucial role in the global food supply, and its stable production and supply are crucial to global food security.

[0003] The ideal wheat seeding rate per acre varies across regions and circumstances. Generally speaking, the ideal seeding rate for wheat ranges from 30 kg to 200 kg per acre, with different wheat varieties requiring different seeding rates. Some varieties may require more seeds to achieve the desired plant density, while others may require less. Soil fertility, soil moisture levels, and local climatic conditions all influence the appropriate seeding rate. Fertile soils can generally support lower seeding rates per acre, while dry or infertile soils may require more seeds.

[0004] Existing wheat seeders primarily utilize mechanical and motor-driven seeding. However, due to the variability of wheat seeding yield per acre, existing seeding methods are difficult to implement. While mechanical wheat seeders utilize a multi-gear transmission to adjust seeding yield per acre, all mechanical agricultural machinery cannot avoid uneven seeding due to wheel slippage, resulting in missed or oversown seeds. Existing motor-driven seeding solves this problem, but using only motors can lead to a mismatch between the seeding shaft speed and the tractor's travel speed, resulting in uneven seeding and seeding yields that fail to meet agronomic requirements.

[0005] In response to the above problems, the current sowing equipment is far from meeting the requirements of efficient, accurate, economical and intelligent agricultural sowing. In view of this, the present invention proposes a device for preparing the seed bed in both vertical and horizontal dimensions for cutting rice stubble fields, which can adjust the sowing speed of the seeder according to the driving speed of the tractor, and simultaneously perform a control system for intelligently adjusting the sowing amount to meet agronomic requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rice stubble field two-dimensional vertical and horizontal cutting seed bed preparation device to meet the different requirements of different wheat sowing rates per mu for seeders and improve soil utilization; the present invention is beneficial to the growth and maturity of wheat, and can automatically and precisely control the sowing rate of the seeder, so that the sowing rate of the seeder is synchronized with the tractor's driving speed according to agronomic requirements.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A device for preparing a rice stubble field seed bed in both vertical and horizontal dimensions includes a device body, wherein the device body includes a vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism arranged at the front and a horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism arranged at the rear, the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism is connected to a tillage machine, a transmission device is provided between the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism and the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism, the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism is matched with the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism, and the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism keeps the rotational speed consistent with that of the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism through the transmission device.

[0009] Preferably, the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism includes a knife shaft, on which four knife groups are mounted, each of which includes two longitudinal blades, and the edges of the longitudinal blades are arranged in a serrated shape; the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism and the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism have a positional relationship in the vertical direction as follows:

[0010] H=(L1-R1)+(H1+H2)

[0011] Where H is the height difference between the upper end point of the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism and the blade of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism, mm; R1 is the rotation radius of the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism, mm; L1 is the blade length of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism, mm; H1 is the stubble height, mm; H2 is the stubble depth, mm.

[0012] Preferably, the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism includes a knife roller, 16 knife holders are installed on both sides of the knife roller, and each knife holder is installed with 4 transverse blades; the horizontal position relationship between the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism and the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism is:

[0013]

[0014] Where, L is the horizontal distance between the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism and the knife shaft of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism, mm; L2 is the horizontal distance from the grounding point of the knife tip of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism to the knife shaft of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism, mm.

[0015] Preferably, the two longitudinal blades of the knife group generate a shear force within a certain range twice in each rotation cycle. A plane coordinate system is established with the displacement in the forward direction of the tiller as the horizontal coordinate and the displacement in the vertical direction as the vertical coordinate. A point is taken on each of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism and the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism to draw their motion trajectory curves. The shear range is determined based on the motion trajectory curves. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0016] S=L1·L3

[0017]

[0018] Where S represents the area of ​​the shearing range; L1 represents the blade length of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism; L3 represents the width of the determined shearing range in the forward direction of the unit Indicates the proportion of shear range within one rotation cycle, %, where: L4 represents the displacement of the unit in the forward direction within one rotation cycle, mm.

[0019] Preferably, the transmission device includes a mounting shell and an input shaft, the mounting shell is fixedly mounted on a matching tillage machine, the input shaft is rotatably connected to the upper end of the mounting shell, one end of the input shaft is connected to the output end of the power mechanism of the tillage machine, and the other end extends into the interior of the mounting shell; an intermediate shaft, an output shaft and a gear set are also provided inside the mounting shell, and the input shaft realizes the linkage between the intermediate shaft and the output shaft through the gear set.

[0020] Preferably, the gear set includes an input bevel gear, a speed gear pair and an output bevel gear; the input bevel gear includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the input shaft, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the top of the intermediate shaft, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed and connected; the speed gear pair includes a high-speed gear pair, a medium-high-speed gear pair, a medium-low-speed gear pair and a low-speed gear pair, the high-speed gear pair, the medium-high-speed gear pair, the medium-low-speed gear pair and the low-speed gear pair are fixedly connected to the intermediate shaft and the output shaft in sequence from top to bottom, and the output shaft is also connected to a shift fork, and the shift fork is used to realize gear adjustment The shift fork is connected to the shift control mechanism installed inside the mounting shell at one end away from the output shaft; the output bevel gear includes a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear and a fifth bevel gear, the third bevel gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the output shaft, and two fourth bevel gears are provided, which are respectively fixedly connected to the first vertical-axis rotary tillage power shaft and the second vertical-axis rotary tillage power shaft on both sides to realize the driving of the knife shaft of the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism; the fifth bevel gear is fixedly connected to the horizontal-axis rotary tillage power shaft to realize the driving of the knife roller of the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism; through the above design, the device body can better adapt to seed beds with different moisture contents.

[0021] Preferably, in order to ensure the consistency of the rotation period of the cutter shaft of the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism and the cutter roller of the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism, the two fourth bevel gears and the fifth bevel gear have the same number of teeth.

[0022] Preferably, the field soil moisture content (dry basis moisture content) is divided into four stages from 15% to 35%, which respectively correspond to the four speed gears of the gearbox from low to high, namely high gear, medium high gear, medium low gear and low gear. Before the machine goes to the field, the soil moisture content is first measured, and the gearbox is adjusted to the corresponding gear through the shift fork, and then the device body is put into operation.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for preparing rice stubble fields in both vertical and horizontal dimensions, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention proposes a device for preparing seed beds in rice stubble fields in both vertical and horizontal dimensions, which can simultaneously complete deep loosening, raking, soil crushing, straw chopping and burying, and leveling operations. The shearing effect produced by the vertical and horizontal dual-dimensional cutting method can further make up for the shortcomings of a single rotary tillage knife that is difficult to cut and easy to entangle when cutting straw. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a device for preparing a rice stubble field seed bed in both vertical and horizontal dimensions proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic side plan view of the structure of a device for preparing a rice stubble field seed bed in both vertical and horizontal dimensions proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the longitudinal blades and transverse blades of a device for preparing a rice stubble field seed bed in both longitudinal and transverse dimensions proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a motion trajectory diagram of a point taken on each of the longitudinal blade and the transverse blade of the rice stubble field vertical and horizontal dual-dimensional cutting and seed bed preparation device proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission device for a rice stubble field vertically and horizontally dual-dimensional seed bed cutting and preparation device proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the gear set of a rice stubble field vertical and horizontal two-dimensional cutting seed bed preparation device proposed by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a working principle diagram of a device for preparing rice stubble fields in both vertical and horizontal dimensions for cutting the seed bed.

[0032] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0033] 1. Device body;

[0034] 2. Transmission device; 201. Input shaft; 202. Speed ​​change gear pair; 203. First vertical-axis rotary tillage power shaft; 204. Second vertical-axis rotary tillage power shaft; 205. Horizontal-axis rotary tillage power shaft; 206. Output shaft; 207. Intermediate shaft;

[0035] 3. Vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism; 301. Cutter group; 302. Longitudinal blade;

[0036] 4. Horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism; 401. Blade holder; 402. Horizontal blade;

[0037] 5. Gear set; 501. High-speed gear pair; 502. Medium-high-speed gear pair; 503. Medium-low-speed gear pair; 504. Low-speed gear pair; 505. Third bevel gear; 506. Fourth bevel gear; 507. Fifth bevel gear; 508. Shift fork; 509. First bevel gear; 510. Second bevel gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] See also Figure 1 A vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 is provided in front of the device body 1, and a horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism 4 is provided behind the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism 3.

[0041] See also Figure 2 , determine the relative positions of the longitudinal blade 302 and the transverse blade 402 as Among them, the rotation radius R1 of the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism 4 is 280mm, the blade length L1 of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 is 220mm, and the horizontal distance L between the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism 4 and the knife axis of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 is 430mm, so that when it rotates, it generates a certain range of shear force on the rice stubble, which has a better crushing effect on the straw.

[0042] The vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 has a total of 4 knife groups 301, each group has 2 longitudinal blades 302, such as Figure 2 As shown, the blade is serrated to destroy the initial state of the seed bed and produce a better field return effect. Its position relationship with the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism 4 in the vertical direction is: H = (L1-R1) + (H1+H2), wherein the height difference H between the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism 4 and the upper end point of the blade of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 is 160mm, and the straw height H1 is 180mm.

[0043] The horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism 4 has 16 blade holders 401 on each side of the knife roller, and each blade holder 401 is equipped with 4 horizontal blades 402. The longitudinal blades 302 and the horizontal blades 402 rotate to generate a certain range of shear force. Under the action of the transmission device 2, the rotation speed of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 and the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism 4 is always consistent, that is, the rotation cycle is consistent. At the same time, the two longitudinal blades 302 of the knife group 301 of each vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 can generate a certain range of shear force twice in each rotation cycle. A plane coordinate system is recommended with the displacement in the forward direction of the unit as the horizontal coordinate and the displacement in the vertical direction as the vertical coordinate. Take a point on each of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 and the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism 4, and draw its motion trajectory curve, as shown Figure 3 As shown, the relationship of the rectangular shear range with L1 as the length and L2 as the displacement L3 in the forward direction of the unit as the width is determined as follows: The proportion of shear range within one rotation cycle satisfy:

[0044]

[0045] See also Figure 4 In the transmission device 2, power is input from the input shaft 201 and transmitted to the intermediate shaft 207. The output shaft can be shifted to four gears: high speed, medium high speed, medium low speed and low speed through the meshing gear set, and then output to the first vertical axis rotary tillage power shaft 203 on the left, the second vertical axis rotary tillage power shaft 204 on the right and the horizontal axis rotary tillage power shaft 205 on the rear through the meshing of the gear set to adapt to seed beds with different moisture contents. In the gear set 5 in the transmission device 2, the first bevel gear 509 and the second bevel gear 510 on the intermediate shaft 207 cannot be replaced; the high-speed gear pair 501, the medium-high-speed gear pair 502, the medium-low-speed gear pair 503 and the low-speed gear pair 504 in the speed gear pair 202 correspond to the four gears of high speed, medium-high speed, medium-low speed and low speed respectively, and the gears are shifted by the shift fork 508, and the gear pairs with different numbers of teeth can be replaced according to different field conditions; the output bevel gear and gear pair cannot be replaced. Among them, in order to ensure the consistency of the rotation cycle of the knife shaft of the vertical-axis rotary tillage mechanism 3 and the knife roller of the horizontal-axis rotary tillage mechanism 4, the third bevel gear 505, the fourth bevel gear 506 and the fifth bevel gear 507 of the output bevel gear have the same number of teeth.

[0046] Different blade shaft (or blade roller) speeds are adapted to seed beds with different moisture contents. The field soil moisture content (dry basis moisture content) is divided into four stages from 15% to 35% (corresponding to the four speed gears of the transmission device 2 from low to high). Before the machine goes to the field, the soil moisture content is first measured, and then the transmission device 2 is adjusted to the corresponding gear through the shift fork 508, and then the machine is put into operation.

[0047] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing rice stubble fields in both vertical and horizontal dimensions, characterized in that: The invention comprises a device body (1), wherein the device body (1) comprises a vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) arranged at the front and a horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) arranged at the rear, wherein the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) is connected to a tillage machine, a transmission device (2) is arranged between the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) and the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4), wherein the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) matches the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4), and the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) keeps the rotation speed consistent with that of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) through the transmission device (2); The vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) comprises a knife shaft, on which four knife groups (301) are mounted, each knife group (301) comprising two longitudinal blades (302), the edges of the longitudinal blades (302) being arranged in a sawtooth shape; the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) and the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) have a positional relationship in the vertical direction as follows: Where, H is the height difference between the blade roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) and the upper end point of the blade of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3), mm; R 1 is the rotation radius of the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4), mm; L 1 is the blade length of the vertical shaft rotary tillage mechanism (3), mm; H 1 is the stubble height, mm; H 2 is the stubble depth, mm; The horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) comprises a knife roller, 16 knife seats (401) are mounted on both sides of the knife roller, and each knife seat (401) is mounted with four transverse blades (402); the horizontal positional relationship between the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) and the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) is as follows: Where, L is the distance in the horizontal direction between the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) and the knife shaft of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3), mm; L 2 is the horizontal distance from the grounding point of the blade tip of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4) to the blade shaft of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3), mm; The two longitudinal blades (302) of the knife group 301 generate shear forces within a certain range twice in each rotation cycle. A plane coordinate system is established with the displacement in the forward direction of the tiller as the horizontal coordinate and the displacement in the vertical direction as the vertical coordinate. A point is taken on each of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3) and the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4), and their motion trajectory curves are drawn. The shear range is determined based on the motion trajectory curves. The specific calculation formula is as follows: S = L 1· L 3 Where S represents the area of ​​the shear range; L 1 represents the blade length of the vertical shaft rotary tillage mechanism (3); L 3 represents the width of the determined shear range in the forward direction of the unit φ Indicates the proportion of shear range within one rotation cycle, %, where: φ ≥80%; L 4 represents the displacement of the unit in the forward direction within one rotation cycle, mm.

2. The device for preparing rice stubble fields in vertical and horizontal dimensions, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The transmission device (2) comprises a mounting housing and an input shaft (201); the mounting housing is fixedly mounted on a matching tillage machine; the input shaft (201) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the mounting housing; one end of the input shaft (201) is connected to the output end of the power mechanism of the tillage machine, and the other end extends into the interior of the mounting housing; an intermediate shaft (207), an output shaft (206) and a gear set (5) are also provided inside the mounting housing; the input shaft (201) realizes linkage between the intermediate shaft (207) and the output shaft (206) through the gear set (5).

3. The device for preparing rice stubble fields in vertical and horizontal dimensions, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: The gear set (5) includes an input bevel gear, a speed gear pair (202) and an output bevel gear; the input bevel gear includes a first bevel gear (509) and a second bevel gear (510), the first bevel gear (509) is fixedly connected to the input shaft (201), the second bevel gear (510) is fixedly connected to the top of the intermediate shaft (207), and the first bevel gear (509) and the second bevel gear (510) are meshed and connected; the speed gear pair (202) includes a high-speed gear pair (501), a medium-high-speed gear pair (502), a medium-low-speed gear pair (503) and a low-speed gear pair (504), the high-speed gear pair (501), the medium-high-speed gear pair (502), the medium-low-speed gear pair (503) and the low-speed gear pair (504) are fixedly connected to the intermediate shaft (207) and the output shaft (206) in sequence from top to bottom, The output shaft (206) is also connected to a shift fork (508), the shift fork (508) is used to achieve gear adjustment, and the shift fork (508) is connected to a shift control mechanism installed inside the mounting housing at one end away from the output shaft (206); the output bevel gear includes a third bevel gear (505), a fourth bevel gear (506) and a fifth bevel gear (507); the third bevel gear (505) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the output shaft (206); two fourth bevel gears (506) are provided, which are respectively fixedly connected to the first vertical axis rotary tillage power shaft (203) and the second vertical axis rotary tillage power shaft (204) on both sides to achieve driving of the knife shaft of the vertical axis rotary tillage mechanism (3); the fifth bevel gear (507) is fixedly connected to the horizontal axis rotary tillage power shaft (205) to achieve driving of the knife roller of the horizontal axis rotary tillage mechanism (4).

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