A method for high-position replanting of pear trees with buffer

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a pear tree buffer type high-position replanting method, which comprises replanting pear trees for four years, and scientifically and reasonably removing diseases and applying fertilizers before and after replanting. Through the buffer type high-position replanting method, the problems of small fruit size and poor quality are solved, pear trees can bear fruits every year, there is income every year, and the planting benefit is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for buffer type high position replanting of pear trees. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pear trees are plants of the genus Pyrus, the family Moraceae, the subfamily Pyrinae, the tribe Ficeae, and the genus Ficus. Pear trees are also known as Tianxian Guo and Yingri Guo. Pear trees contain a large amount of sugar, protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, and a small amount of essential linoleic acid for the human body. In addition, pear trees are rich in calcium, copper, magnesium, manganese, selenium, potassium, antioxidants, flavonoids, and polyphenols, and other substances beneficial to the human body. The malic acid, citric acid, lipase, protease, and hydrolase contained in the flesh of pear trees can help the human body digest food, stimulate appetite, and have the effect of lubricating the intestines and promoting defecation. The lipase and hydrolase also have the functions of reducing blood lipids and decomposing blood lipids, which can reduce the deposition of fat in blood vessels, thereby lowering blood pressure and preventing coronary heart disease. Therefore, pear trees are also a kind of food therapy fruit. In addition, pear trees also have high ornamental value and medicinal value. According to research and analysis, the water extract of pear tree fruit treated with activated carbon and acetone has the effect of resisting Ehrlich sarcoma.

[0003] According to the current pear cultivation situation at home and abroad, new and early-maturing pear varieties should be promoted to inhibit the seasonal overproduction of pears, and the promotion of new and excellent varieties should be strengthened. The inferior varieties of healthy trees should be replanted in time, and the pear orchards with weak trees should be updated in time. The existing methods for high position replanting of pear trees include flower bud grafting replanting and one-time high position replanting. The flower bud grafting replanting has small individual fruit size and poor quality, and the economic benefits are not good. The one-time high position replanting damages the root system of the stock and the stock itself, causing slow growth of the scion and death of a small part of the stock trees, and even the whole pear tree, thereby affecting the growth, survival rate, and yield per mu of the pear tree. There is no fruiting and income in the first two years. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for buffer type high position replanting of pear trees to solve the problems of small individual fruit size and poor quality, and to realize fruiting every year, income every year, and improvement of planting benefits.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A method for buffer type high position replanting of pear trees, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) High-position replacement: a four-year buffer replacement: a. In the first year, after the pear tree has completely lost its leaves in winter and enters dormancy, cut half of the lateral branches 50-70cm above the ground, leaving half of the lateral branches to bear fruit; b. In the second year, leave two buds at the top of the cut lateral branches and let them grow naturally to 1m. When they reach 0.4-0.6m, cut them off. Leave two buds facing each other at the top of the new branches to cultivate them into rootstock branches for high-position replacement. After the leaves have completely fallen in winter and before the spring buds sprout, cut the rootstock branches 10cm away for high-position replacement. Leave 1-2 buds on the scion and graft using the cleft grafting method. At the same time, leave 2-3 outward-facing buds on the lower part of the new branches to cultivate them into auxiliary branches; c. In the third year, focus on cultivating the crown. Let the auxiliary branches grow naturally to provide nutrients for the scion. Leave 1-2 buds on the scion. In spring, when the pear tree sprouts and buds emerge, the buds are trained into fruiting branch groups. The other half of the fruiting side branches are treated. After the pear tree has completely lost its leaves in winter and enters dormancy, the above-ground part of the pear tree is sawed off at a height of 50-70cm above the ground. In the fourth year, two buds are left at the top of the sawn side branches, facing each other. When they grow naturally to 1m, they are cut off at a height of 0.4-0.6m. Two buds are left at the top of the new branches, facing each other, to be trained into rootstock branches for high-position grafting. After the leaves have completely fallen in winter, the rootstock branches are cut off at 10cm for high-position grafting. In the first year, half of the side branches are sawn off to achieve grafting of tender branches as rootstocks. The grafting has strong affinity and vigorous growth. After three years of training, the auxiliary branches are retained, which helps to enhance the tree's vigor and forms a fruiting pattern in which the auxiliary branches bear fruit as a supplement and the high-position grafting branches bear fruit as the main fruit, thus achieving two varieties on one tree.

[0008] (2) Post-replanting management: 2-3 days before each high-position replanting, spray the pear trees with disease inhibitors. 3-4 days after each high-position replanting, apply disease inhibitors to the pear trees again. In addition, apply special fertilizer A and regulators immediately after each high-position replanting, and apply special fertilizer B after the tree canopy recovers.

[0009] Requirements for replanting fruit trees: When replanting pear trees at a high position, the trees must be robust, free from pests and diseases, and able to quickly recover their vigor and enter the fruiting period after replanting. Regarding tree vigor: While tree age is one factor determining eligibility for high-position replanting, tree vigor is crucial. Even if a tree is young, if the orchard is poorly managed, severely affected by pests and diseases, or if the tree has become a small, old tree, it cannot be used as rootstock for high-position replanting. Generally, trees in their early fruiting stage and those in their peak fruiting period (under 20 years old) have strong growth vigor and can be used as rootstock for high-position replanting.

[0010] Furthermore, the two buds left at the top of the saw side bar in step (1) are two buds facing each other.

[0011] Further, the disease inhibitor of step (2) is obtained by mixing Cnidium monnieri, Zingiber officinale and Isatis indigotica in a mass ratio of 3:1-2:2, adding cellulase in a proportion of 1-3% of the mass of the mixture, treating at 30-40 DEG C for 30-50 min, then adding ethanol to the treated mixture, heating to reflux to extract, obtaining an alcohol extract, then adding apple seed extract to the alcohol extract, mixing and standing at 30-35 DEG C for 10-15 min to obtain the disease inhibitor.

[0012] Further, the apple seed extract is obtained by the following method: soaking apple seeds in an ammonium sulfate solution at a temperature of 35-45 DEG C, taking out and crushing, then adding Bacillus subtilis fermentation culture for 1-2 days, then adding an ethanol solution in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-15, refluxing to extract, and reducing pressure to concentrate the obtained extract to obtain the apple seed extract.

[0013] The number of live Bacillus subtilis is 100 billion CFU / g.

[0014] Further, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 70-75%.

[0015] Further, the regulator is mainly obtained by mixing naphthalene acetic acid, nicotinic acid and agar in a mass ratio of 1-2:1:2-3.

[0016] Further, the special fertilizer A is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of organic diatomite, 15-25 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of fly ash, 1-2 parts of sodium complexed nitrophenol and 3-5 parts of poultry manure.

[0017] Further, the special fertilizer B is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of fish bone powder, 5-10 parts of superphosphate, 6-12 parts of wood ash, 5-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-10 parts of ammonium chloride and 3-5 parts of poultry manure.

[0018] The present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present application first proposes a pear tree buffer type high position replanting method, which is specifically completed in four years, which realizes the purpose of high position replanting, realizes that fruits can be hung every year and income can be obtained every year, improves the survival rate of high position replanting, and the survival rate of high position replanting can reach 100% according to the test of the applicant, realizes the purpose of dwarfing, and there is no whole pear tree death phenomenon, so that the tree growth is vigorous, the single fruit quality of the finally harvested fruit is large, the fruit shape is beautiful, and the quality is good.

[0020] 2. The applicant also found in the actual cultivation process that during the high-position replanting period, the leaves of the pear tree have a long recovery period, the leaf area index is low, and the pests and diseases are easy to concentrate on the replaced superior variety, so it is necessary to kill the pests and diseases, and the disease inhibitor is applied before the high-position replanting, which can effectively kill the pests and diseases, and can protect the pear tree from the invasion of the pests and diseases during the whole growth period. The disease inhibitor used in the application is composed of effective components extracted from natural plants, which is harmless to the tree body and safer than chemical control agents. The test proves that the disease inhibitor of the application will not affect the growth and development of the pear tree. The apple seed extract is also added to the disease inhibitor. The test shows that although the chemical control agent can kill the pests and diseases, it will affect the growth of the pear tree to some extent, which is manifested as the single fruit weight of the pear fruit is smaller after using the chemical control agent, while the disease inhibitor does not have this phenomenon. When the disease inhibitor does not add the apple seed extract, the control effect is not lasting, and after a period of application, there are still some pests and diseases. Therefore, the disease inhibitor of the application can effectively kill the pests and diseases, and has outstanding effects.

[0021] 3. The application also limits the application of special fertilizer A after each high-position replanting. The special fertilizer A has high nitrogen content, which can promote the growth of branches and leaves of the fruit tree after high grafting, restore the tree crown, provide sufficient nutrients for the vigorous growth of the tree body, and increase the flower and fruit amount after applying special fertilizer B after the tree crown is restored.

[0022] 4. In addition, the applicant also found in the grafting test that the disease inhibitor of the application can not only inhibit the formation of callus after grafting, but also inhibit the formation of callus after grafting. However, there is always a gap between the two contacts during grafting, but the callus can fill the gap. It can be said that the key to successful grafting is whether the stock and the scion can grow enough callus and tightly combine. If the callus formation is blocked, it may lead to the failure of grafting. Therefore, the applicant attaches great importance to this phenomenon. In order to solve this problem, the applicant adds a regulator, and finds that the regulator can be well absorbed and utilized by the tree body when it is applied with special fertilizer A. The regulator is composed of naphthalene acetic acid, nicotinic acid and agar. The test shows that by adding the regulator of the application, the adverse effects caused by the disease inhibitor can be avoided, and the success rate of grafting can be ensured while the tree body is not invaded by the pests and diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figures 1-2 Figure 2 is a pear tree growth effect diagram after high-position replanting for six years according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0024] Figures 3-4 Figure 3 is a pear tree growth effect diagram after one replanting for three years. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] All features disclosed in this specification, and / or all steps of any methods or processes disclosed in this specification, can be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive.

[0026] Any of the features disclosed in this specification, unless explicitly stated otherwise, is only one example of a corresponding set of equivalents or similar features.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] The embodiment provides a method for high-position grafting of pear trees in a buffer mode, which comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) High-position grafting: four-year buffer grafting: a. In the first year, after the pear trees completely shed leaves in winter and enter the dormant period, saw half of the side branches of the pear trees 50 cm above the ground, and leave the other half of the side branches to bear fruit; b. In the second year, leave two buds at the top of the sawed side branches, and let them grow naturally to 1 m, then cut off the new branches at 0.4 m, leave two opposite buds at the top of the new branches, cultivate the branches into stock branches, and use the stock branches for high-position grafting; cut off the stock branches at 10 cm before winter, and perform high-position grafting; leave one bud eye for the scion, and use the cut grafting method for grafting; at the same time, leave two outward-facing buds below the new branches, and cultivate the buds into auxiliary branches; c. In the third year, focus on cultivating the tree crown, and let the auxiliary branches grow naturally to provide nutrients for the scion; let one bud eye of the scion sprout and grow in spring, cultivate the bud into a fruiting branch group, and process the other half of the fruit-bearing side branches; after the pear trees completely shed leaves in winter and enter the dormant period, saw off the side branches 50 cm above the ground; d. In the fourth year, leave two opposite buds at the top of the sawed side branches, and let them grow naturally to 1 m, then cut off the new branches at 0.4 m, leave two opposite buds at the top of the new branches, cultivate the branches into stock branches, and use the stock branches for high-position grafting; cut off the stock branches at 10 cm after winter; in the first year, saw off half of the side branches, use the tender branches as stock branches for grafting, have strong compatibility, and grow vigorously; after three years of cultivation, the auxiliary branches are retained, which is beneficial to strengthening the tree vigor, and forms a fruiting mode in which the auxiliary branches bear fruit as auxiliary and the high-position grafting branches bear fruit as main, and realizes one tree with two varieties;

[0030] (2) Management after grafting: two days before each high-position grafting, spray disease inhibitors on the pear trees, apply special fertilizer A after each high-position grafting, and apply special fertilizer B after the tree crown recovers; in addition, timely remove the stock sprouts, and remove the sprouts as they grow until the stock sprouts are removed completely;

[0031] The disease inhibitor is obtained by mixing Cnidium monnieri, Zingiber officinale and Isatidis folium according to a mass ratio of 3:1:2, adding cellulase according to 1% of the mass of the mixture, treating at 30 DEG C for 30 min, then adding ethanol to the treated mixture, heating and refluxing to extract, obtaining an alcohol extract, then adding apple seed extract to the alcohol extract, mixing, standing at 30 DEG C for 10 min, and obtaining the disease inhibitor; the apple seed extract is obtained by the following method: soaking apple seeds in an ammonium sulfate solution at 35 DEG C, taking out and crushing, then adding Bacillus subtilis for fermentation for 1 day, then adding 70% ethanol solution according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:10, refluxing and extracting, and concentrating the obtained extract under reduced pressure, and obtaining the apple seed extract; the special fertilizer A is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: organic diatomite 4 parts, urea 15 parts, fly ash 1 part, sodium complexed nitrophenolate 1 part, and poultry manure 3 parts; the special fertilizer B is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: fish bone powder 6 parts, superphosphate 5 parts, wood ash 6 parts, potassium sulfate 5 parts, ammonium chloride 5 parts, and poultry manure 3 parts.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] The present embodiment provides a method for buffer type high position replanting of pear trees, which comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) four-year buffer type replanting: a. in the first year, after the pear trees completely shed leaves in winter and enter the dormant period, saw half of the side branches at 60 cm above the ground, and leave the other half to bear fruit; b. in the second year, leave 2 buds at the top of the sawed side branches, and let them grow naturally to 1 m, then cut them at 0.5 m, leave 2 opposite buds at the top of the new branches, cultivate them into stock branches, and use them for high position replanting, cut the stock branches at 10 cm before the spring buds sprout after the pear trees completely shed leaves in winter, and perform high position replanting, leave 1 bud eye for the scion, use cutting grafting method for grafting, at the same time, leave 3 outward buds at the lower part of the new branches, cultivate the buds into auxiliary branches; c. in the third year, focus on cultivating the tree crown, and let the auxiliary branches grow naturally to provide nutrients for the scion, cultivate the 2 bud eyes of the scion into fruiting branch groups in the spring, and perform treatment on the other half of the fruit bearing side branches, saw off the side branches at 60 cm above the ground after the pear trees completely shed leaves in winter and enter the dormant period; d. in the fourth year, leave 2 opposite buds at the top of the sawed side branches, let them grow naturally to 1 m, then cut them at 0.5 m, leave 2 opposite buds at the top of the new branches, cultivate them into stock branches, and use them for high position replanting, cut the stock branches at 10 cm after the pear trees completely shed leaves in winter;

[0035] (2) After replanting management: 3 days before each high position replanting, disease inhibitor is sprayed to pear trees, special fertilizer A is applied after each high position replanting, and special fertilizer B is applied after the tree crown recovers; in addition, the stock and sprouts are timely removed, and the removal is performed as the sprouts grow until the stock sprouts are removed; and

[0036] The disease inhibitor is obtained by mixing Cnidium monnieri, ginger peel and indigowood leaf at a mass ratio of 3:1:2, adding cellulase at a proportion of 2% of the mass of the mixture, treating at 35℃ for 40 min, then adding ethanol to the treated mixture, heating and refluxing to extract, obtaining an alcohol extract, then adding apple seed extract to the alcohol extract, mixing, and standing at 32℃ for 12 min to obtain the disease inhibitor; the apple seed extract is obtained by the following method: apple seeds are soaked in an ammonium sulfate solution at a temperature of 40℃, taken out and crushed, then Bacillus subtilis is added for fermentation culture for 1 day, then the fermented material is added to 72% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1:12, refluxed and extracted, and the obtained extract is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the apple seed extract; the special fertilizer A mainly consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: organic diatomite 6 parts, urea 20 parts, fly ash 1 part, complex sodium nitrophenolate 2 parts and poultry manure 4 parts; the special fertilizer B mainly consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: fish bone powder 8 parts, superphosphate 7 parts, wood ash 9 parts, potassium sulfate 7 parts, ammonium chloride 7 parts and poultry manure 4 parts.

[0037] Example 3:

[0038] The present embodiment provides a pear tree buffer type high position replanting method, which comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Four-year buffer replacement: a. In the first year, after the pear tree completely loses leaves in winter, it enters the dormant period. 70 cm above the ground, saw half of the side pole for grafting treatment, and left half of the side pole for fruiting; b. In the second year, 2 buds were left at the top of the sawed side pole, and when the new branch grew to 1 m, it was cut off at 0.6 m. The top of the new branch left 2 buds facing each other, and the stock branch was cultivated to be used for high replacement. After the winter completely loses leaves, before the spring bud sprouts, the stock branch was cut off at 10 cm for high replacement. The grafting method was used to graft, and at the same time, 3 buds facing outward were left below the new branch to cultivate auxiliary branches; c. In the third year, the tree crown was cultivated, and the auxiliary branches provided nutrients for the scion. The 2 buds on the scion sprouted in the spring, and the buds were cultivated into fruiting branches. The other half of the fruiting side pole was treated, and after the pear tree completely lost leaves in winter, it entered the dormant period. 70 cm above the ground, the sawed side pole was cut off; d. In the fourth year, 2 buds were left at the top of the sawed side pole, facing each other, and when the new branch grew to 1 m, it was cut off at 0.6 m. The top of the new branch left 2 buds facing each other, and the stock branch was cultivated to be used for high replacement. After the winter completely loses leaves, the stock branch was cut off at 10 cm for high replacement; In the first year, half of the sawed side pole was used for grafting with tender branches as stock, which had strong compatibility and vigorous growth. After three years of cultivation, the auxiliary branches were retained, which was beneficial to enhance the tree vigor and form a fruiting mode of auxiliary fruiting with auxiliary branches and main fruiting with high replacement branches, realizing one tree with two varieties;

[0040] (2) Management after replacement: 3 days before each high replacement, disease inhibitors were sprayed on the pear tree, and after each high replacement, special fertilizer A was applied. After the tree crown recovered, special fertilizer B was applied; In addition, the stock sprouts were removed in time, and the removal was done as they grew until the stock sprouts were removed completely.

[0041] The disease inhibitor is obtained by mixing Cnidium monnieri, Zingiber officinale and Isatidis folium according to a mass ratio of 3:2:2, adding cellulase according to 3% of the mass of the mixture, treating at 40 DEG C for 50 min, then adding ethanol to the treated mixture, heating and refluxing to extract, obtaining an alcohol extract, then adding apple seed extract to the alcohol extract, mixing and standing at 35 DEG C for 15 min; the apple seed extract is obtained by the following method: soaking apple seeds in an ammonium sulfate solution at 45 DEG C, taking out and crushing, then adding Bacillus subtilis for fermentation for 2 days, then adding 75% ethanol solution according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:15, refluxing and extracting, and concentrating the obtained extract under reduced pressure; the special fertilizer A is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: organic diatomite 8 parts, urea 25 parts, fly ash 2 parts, sodium complexed nitrophenolate 2 parts and poultry manure 5 parts; the special fertilizer B is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: fish bone powder 12 parts, superphosphate 10 parts, wood ash 12 parts, potassium sulfate 10 parts, ammonium chloride 10 parts and poultry manure 5 parts.

[0042] Experimental example:

[0043] In order to illustrate the practical value of the present application, the applicant has made the following tests:

[0044] Test one:

[0045] The yield per mu of pear trees under the high replacement mode of comparative examples 1-2 and the comparison group (one-time high replacement) is shown in Table 1 (where the first year, the second year... means the first year, the second year... after replacement):

[0046] Table 1 Comparison of yield per mu of pear trees (kg / mu)

[0047] First year Second year Third year Fourth year Example 1 889 1182 2283 2251 Example 2 897 1027 2219 2386 Control group - - 1948 2187

[0048] From Table 1, it can be seen that the buffer type high replacement according to the present application can achieve harvest and income every year, while the comparison group uses one-time high replacement, which will result in no fruiting and no economic income in the first two years.

[0049] The applicant has also collected some photos of the test field, attached Figures 1-2 Figure 2 is a growth effect diagram of pear trees in the sixth year after high replacement according to embodiment 2 of the present application; Figures 3-4 Figure 3 is a growth effect diagram of pear trees in the third year after one-time replacement; it can be seen that Figures 1-2 the pear trees grow well, Figures 3-4 the pear trees grow weakly, and there are some old pear trees that have died.

[0050] Test two:

[0051] The applicants continue to compare the pear tree cultivation effects of different replacement management methods in each group, and the groups are as follows:

[0052] The first group: the method described in Example 2 is used for cultivation;

[0053] The second group: the disease inhibitor after inoculation in step (2) is changed to chlorothalonil, and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0054] The third group: the apple seed extract is removed in the preparation of the disease inhibitor after inoculation in step (2), and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0055] The fourth group: the fermentation culture step of Bacillus subtilis is removed in the preparation process of the apple seed extract after inoculation in step (2), and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0056] The fifth group: the disease inhibitor after inoculation in step (2) is removed, and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0057] The sixth group: both the special fertilizer A and the special fertilizer B after inoculation in step (2) are commercially available Stanley compound fertilizers, and the other methods are the same as the first group.

[0058] In the next year after completing the high-position replacement, the pear tree cultivation effects of the above groups are compared, including the infection degree of pear tree diseases and pests, the single fruit weight of pears (randomly picking 20 fruits to take the average value), and the yield per mu of pears, and the data are recorded as shown in Table 2:

[0059] Table 2 Comparison of pear tree cultivation

[0060]

[0061] According to the results in Table 2, using the buffer type high-position replacement method of the present application, the single fruit weight of pears is large, and the yield per mu is high. The application of the disease inhibitor can long-term control the diseases during the growth of pear trees. The application of chlorothalonil in the second group can control diseases in the short term, but the control effect is not long, and chlorothalonil as a chemical control agent may have certain harm to the soil. After removing the apple seed extract in the third group, the single fruit weight is small. In the fourth group, the fermentation culture step in the preparation process of the apple seed extract is removed, which results in poor disease control effect. It may be that the direct application of apple seeds without fermentation may cause certain diseases, which ultimately leads to a decrease in yield. In the fifth group, the removal of the disease inhibitor results in a significant increase in the degree of disease. In the sixth group, the composition of the fertilizer is changed, and both the yield per mu and the single fruit weight are not ideal. The present application provides a buffer type high-position replacement method for pear trees, which solves the problems of small single fruit size and poor quality, and realizes the hanging of pears every year, the income every year, and the improvement of planting benefits.

[0062] Test three:

[0063] Because the applicant found that the disease inhibitor has an inhibitory effect on callus formation in actual operation, the application of the growth regulator is used to solve the above problems, in order to obtain a suitable scheme, the applicant divides the test groups and compares the callus formation under each group, and the groups are as follows:

[0064] The first group: the treatment is carried out in the manner of Example 2;

[0065] The second group: the growth regulator is removed, and the other manners are the same as the first group;

[0066] The third group: the growth regulator and the disease inhibitor are removed, and the other manners are the same as the first group;

[0067] The fourth group: the growth regulator is indole acetic acid, and the other manners are the same as the first group.

[0068] Ten pear trees are treated by using the different treatment manners of each group, and the callus formation is compared, as shown in Table 1:

[0069] Table 3: Callus formation of each group

[0070]

[0071] Note: + indicates that the callus quantity is general, and ++ indicates that the callus quantity is large.

[0072] The results of Table 3 show that the generation rate of callus is as high as 100% by using the treatment manner of the application, and 10 groups of pear tree plants are grafted to survive, after the second group removes the growth regulator, the callus formation is inhibited, and the grafting survival rate is low, and the results of the third group can be known that the callus formation is mainly affected by the disease inhibitor, and although the third group has 7 pear trees that can form callus, due to the absence of the effect of the disease inhibitor, 2 of them are seriously grafted and cannot survive due to diseases.

[0073] The above-described examples only express several embodiments of the application, which are described in detail, but cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for high-level replanting of pear trees with a buffering mechanism, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) High-level seed replacement: a four-year buffer seed replacement: a. In the first year, after the pear tree has completely lost its leaves in winter and enters a dormant period, cut off half of the side branches 50-70cm above the ground, leaving half of the side branches to bear fruit; b. In the second year, leave two buds at the top of the sawn side branch and let it grow naturally to 1m. When it reaches 0.4-0.6m, cut it off. Leave two buds facing each other at the top of the new branch and cultivate them into rootstock branches for high-position grafting. After the leaves have completely fallen in winter and before the spring buds sprout, cut the rootstock branches at 10cm and carry out high-position grafting. Leave 1-2 buds on the scion and graft using the cleft grafting method. At the same time, leave 2-3 outward-facing buds on the lower part of the new branch and cultivate the buds into auxiliary branches. c. In the third year, focus on cultivating the tree crown, allowing the auxiliary branches to grow naturally to provide nutrients for the scion. One or two buds on the scion will sprout in the spring. Cultivate the buds into fruiting branch groups and treat the other half of the fruit-bearing side branches. After the pear tree has completely lost its leaves in winter and enters dormancy, cut off the above-ground part of the pear tree 50-70cm above the ground. d. In the fourth year, leave two buds at the top of the sawn side of the stem and let it grow naturally to 1m. When it reaches 1m, cut it off at 0.4-0.6m. Leave two buds facing each other at the top of the new branch and cultivate it into a rootstock branch for high-position replanting. After the leaves have completely fallen in winter, cut the rootstock branch at 10cm and carry out high-position replanting. (2) Post-replanting management: 2-3 days before each high-position replanting, spray the pear trees with disease inhibitors. 3-4 days after each high-position replanting, apply disease inhibitors to the pear trees again. In addition, apply special fertilizer A and regulators immediately after each high-position replanting. Apply special fertilizer B after the tree canopy recovers. The disease inhibitor in step (2) is obtained by mixing Cnidium monnieri, ginger peel, and Isatis indigotica leaves in a mass ratio of 3:1-2:2, adding cellulase at a mass ratio of 1-3% of the mixture, treating at 30-40℃ for 30-50 minutes, then adding ethanol to the treated mixture, heating and reflux extraction to obtain an ethanol extract, then adding apple seed extract to the ethanol extract, mixing well, and letting stand at 30-35℃ for 10-15 minutes to obtain the disease inhibitor; the apple seed extract is obtained by soaking apple seeds in an ammonium sulfate solution at 35-45℃, crushing them, then adding Bacillus subtilis for fermentation culture for 1-2 days, then adding ethanol solution to the fermentation product at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:10-15, reflux extraction, and concentrating the obtained extract under reduced pressure to obtain the apple seed extract; The special fertilizer A is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-8 parts organic diatomaceous earth, 15-25 parts urea, 1-2 parts fly ash, 1-2 parts sodium nitrophenolate, and 3-5 parts poultry and livestock manure; the special fertilizer B is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-12 parts fish bone meal, 5-10 parts superphosphate, 6-12 parts wood ash, 5-10 parts potassium sulfate, 5-10 parts ammonium chloride, and 3-5 parts poultry and livestock manure.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the two buds left on the top of the saw side bar are two buds facing each other.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 70-75%.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulator is mainly composed of naphthaleneacetic acid, nicotinic acid and agar in a mass ratio of 1-2:1:2-3.

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