Multi-working fluid hybrid laser plasma microthruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of adjustable thrust and specific impulse of multi-working substance mixed effect laser plasma micro-propeller, solid working substance supply system includes multiple solid working substance, wherein one solid working substance is located in the middle, the rest is uniformly arranged in the periphery of the solid working substance in the middle along the circumferential direction, each solid working substance is fixed on the installation base by fixed assembly B, the material of each solid working substance is two or more than two in metal, high molecular polymer, energy material;Laser system includes control power supply and multiple laser assembly, the number of laser assembly is same with the number of solid working substance, one-to-one correspondence, wherein one laser assembly is located in the middle, the rest is uniformly arranged in the periphery of the laser assembly in the middle along the circumferential direction.The present application can make the thrust and specific impulse generated by propeller can be adjusted in a large range by adjusting the independent action of laser and single solid working substance or the coupling effect of laser and multiple types of solid working substance, satisfy more complex space task.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser and material application, and particularly relates to a multi-working substance mixed action laser plasma micro-propeller with adjustable specific impulse and thrust. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the 21st century, the world space activities have presented a new trend of vigorous development. With the acceleration of human exploration of outer space and the rapid heating of commercial space, the space powers continue to develop micro-satellites, satellite constellations and other technologies. However, due to the limited structural mass and power load of micro-satellites, it is difficult to meet the application requirements of attitude and orbit control by using conventional chemical propulsion and electric propulsion. Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to find a suitable propulsion device for micro-satellites.

[0003] In the face of the urgent demand of micro-satellites for attitude and orbit control power, laser propulsion technology emerges as the times require. Since the concept of laser propulsion was born, laser propulsion technology has undergone new changes from concept to realization, from theory to application, from model to product. With the continuous development of laser propulsion technology, the application field of laser propulsion is also expanding: from the initial idea of launching into orbit, to the removal of space debris, satellite orbit transfer, attitude control, and near-space propulsion tasks. Among them, laser plasma micro-propulsion as an application technology for micro-satellite attitude and orbit control has attracted much attention from industry insiders.

[0004] Laser plasma micro-propeller has the advantages of small mass, small volume, low power consumption, simple structure and high reliability. Its essence is a micro-propeller that uses focused laser to ablate the surface of the working medium to generate plasma and small ejecta to generate thrust. The current laser propeller uses solid-state laser, carbon dioxide laser and semiconductor laser. However, the volume and power of the first two are large, so they are generally suitable for near-earth orbit launch applications. Therefore, the laser plasma micro-propeller generally uses semiconductor laser which has small volume, weight and energy consumption. The laser ablation working medium can be solid, liquid and gas. Although research has shown that liquid and gas working medium have some good performance in laser propulsion, both of them need a certain volume of container for storage and corresponding supply equipment, which increases the mass, volume and structural complexity of the propeller. Therefore, solid working medium with simple volume structure and easy installation is still the first choice for current laser plasma micro-propeller. Due to the differences in molecular weight, ionization threshold and thermal conductivity coefficient, solid working medium will show different specific impulse and impulse coupling coefficients. For example, ablation of metal working medium will produce larger specific impulse, while ablation of high polymer working medium will produce larger impulse coupling coefficient. The ignition mode and ablation mode of energetic working material have good performance in specific impulse and impulse coupling coefficient. Therefore, using multiple types of solid working medium as propellant and mixing multiple groups of laser with different working medium can not only meet the application requirements of laser plasma micro-propeller thrust, impulse and specific impulse across a wide range and controllable, but also can complete more complex space tasks.

[0005] In addition, due to the weakening of the limiting effect of the surrounding gas under high vacuum, the plasma generated by laser ablation of the working medium is easy to expand unnecessarily in the radial direction, which reduces the axial energy required for propulsion and causes performance and efficiency to decrease. Therefore, using electromagnetic field coupling technology can constrain the plasma generated by laser ablation of the working medium in the jet direction to avoid unnecessary radial expansion and improve directional energy, so as to improve the efficiency of the whole laser ablation working medium plasma propulsion system. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the higher requirements of current micro-satellites on propulsion technology and its precision, the purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-working medium mixing laser plasma micro-propeller with adjustable specific impulse and thrust. The laser plasma micro-propeller uses multiple groups of lasers to ablate multiple types of solid working medium, and the specific impulse and thrust can be adjusted in a large range. In addition, electromagnetic confinement means is used to improve the propulsion efficiency.

[0007] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The application discloses a laser plasma micro-propeller with adjustable specific impulse and thrust, which comprises a laser system, a solid propellant supply system and a mounting base. The solid propellant supply system comprises a plurality of solid propellants, one of which is located in the middle, and the rest of the solid propellants are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the solid propellant located in the middle. Each solid propellant is fixed on the mounting base through a fixed component B, and the material of each solid propellant is two or more than two types of metal, high polymer and energetic material. The laser system comprises a control power supply and a plurality of laser components, the number of the laser components is the same as that of the solid propellants, and one-to-one correspondence exists between the laser components and the solid propellants. One of the laser components is located in the middle, and the rest of the laser components are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the laser component located in the middle. Each laser component is the same in structure and comprises a laser, a focusing lens and a combined sleeve. The laser and the focusing lens are respectively arranged inside two ends of the combined sleeve. Each combined sleeve is fixed on the mounting base through a fixed component A. Each laser is connected with the control power supply fixed on the mounting base.

[0009] The fixed component B comprises a supporting rod, a fixed disc, a supporting connecting rod and a supporting plate. The supporting plate is fixed on the mounting base. The fixed disc is fixedly connected with the supporting plate through the supporting connecting rod. The solid propellant located in the middle passes through the fixed disc and is fixedly connected with the supporting plate and the fixed disc. The rest of the solid propellants are fixedly connected to the end face of the fixed disc facing the laser system. The solid propellant located in the middle and each solid propellant arranged in the periphery are connected through the supporting rod.

[0010] The specific impulse and thrust adjustable multi-working substance mixed action laser plasma micro-propeller of another structure of the present application comprises a laser system, a solid substance supply system, an electromagnetic generating system, an insulating cylinder and a mounting base, the solid substance supply system is located in the insulating cylinder, the solid substance supply system comprises a plurality of solid substances, one of which is located in the middle, and the rest of the solid substances are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the solid substance located in the middle, each of the solid substances and the insulating cylinder are fixed on the mounting base through a fixing assembly B, the material of each of the solid substances is two or more than two of metal, high polymer polymer and energetic material; the laser system comprises a control power supply and a plurality of laser assemblies, the number of the laser assemblies is the same as the number of the solid substances, and each of the laser assemblies corresponds to one of the solid substances, one of the laser assemblies is located in the middle, and the rest of the laser assemblies are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the laser assembly located in the middle, each of the laser assemblies has the same structure and comprises a laser, a focusing lens and a combined sleeve, the laser and the focusing lens are respectively arranged inside two ends of the combined sleeve, each of the combined sleeves is fixed on the mounting base through a fixing assembly A, and each of the lasers is connected with the control power supply fixed on the mounting base; the electromagnetic generating system comprises a plurality of turns of metal coils and a direct current power supply, the plurality of turns of metal coils are wound on the insulating cylinder and connected with the direct current power supply fixed on the mounting base.

[0011] The fixing assembly B comprises a fixing disc, a support plate, a support rod ring, a threaded rod, a support frame, a nut and a support column, the support plate is fixed on the mounting base, the annular support frame is sleeved on the periphery of the insulating cylinder and fixed on the mounting base through the support column, and the insulating cylinder is fixed with the annular support frame through a plurality of positioning assemblies arranged on the annular support frame; the fixing disc and the support rod ring are located in the insulating cylinder, each of the solid substances passes through the support rod ring and is fixed with the support rod ring, the solid substance located in the middle passes through the fixing disc and the insulating cylinder and is fixed with the support plate and the fixing disc respectively, and the rest of the solid substances are fixed on the end face of the fixing disc facing the laser system.

[0012] The positioning assembly comprises a threaded rod, a nut and a through hole D arranged on the annular support frame, a plurality of through holes D are uniformly arranged on the annular support frame in the circumferential direction, a threaded rod is arranged in each of the through holes D, one end of the threaded rod abuts against the outer surface of the insulating cylinder, and the other end of the threaded rod is fixed through the nut; the annular support frame is divided into two semicircles, each of the semicircles is provided with a threaded plate with a hole at the opening of each of the two ends, and the two semicircles are fixed through a fixed screw screwed into the threaded plate with a hole.

[0013] The solid working substance is a solid cylinder, the supporting rod ring is provided with through holes A corresponding to the positions of the solid working substances, the center of the fixed disc is provided with a through hole B, the diameter of the through hole B and the diameter of each through hole A are equal to the outer diameter of the solid working substance, the axial center line of the through hole A located in the middle of the supporting rod ring is collinear with the axial center line of the through hole B of the fixed disc, and the axial center lines of the other through holes A of the supporting rod ring are collinear with the axial center lines of the solid working substances.

[0014] One end of the insulating cylinder is open, and the inner diameter of the end is equal to the outer diameter of the supporting rod ring, the center of the other end of the insulating cylinder is provided with a through hole C for the solid working substance located in the middle to pass through, and the inner diameter of the through hole C is equal to the outer diameter of the solid working substance; each positioning component on the insulating cylinder is close to the other end of the insulating cylinder.

[0015] The multi-turn metal coil is a multi-winding hollow structure wound by a metal wire, and the two ends of the multi-turn metal coil are connected with a direct current power supply through wires.

[0016] The fixed component A comprises connecting rods, a fixed ring and supporting rods, the fixed ring is fixed on the mounting base through the supporting rods, each laser component is located in the fixed ring, and the adjacent combined sleeves and the fixed ring are connected through the connecting rods.

[0017] The fixed ring is a circular ring, the axial center lines of the combined sleeves in the laser components located in the middle are collinear with the axial center line of the fixed ring, the axial center lines of the combined sleeves in the other laser components are parallel to each other and parallel to the axial center line of the fixed ring; each solid working substance and the corresponding laser component are located at the same horizontal height and the axial center lines are collinear.

[0018] The connecting rods and the supporting rods are solid cylindrical structures, the lower end of the supporting rod is fixed on the mounting base, and the combined sleeves and the connecting rods are welded and fixed.

[0019] The combined sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and the inner diameter of the combined sleeve is the same as the outer diameter of the laser and the outer diameter of the focusing lens.

[0020] The advantages and positive effects of the present application are:

[0021] 1. The present application adopts multiple types of solid working substances such as metals, high molecular polymers and energetic materials, and by adjusting the independent action of laser and single solid working substance or the coupling action of laser and multiple types of solid working substances, the thrust and specific impulse generated by the thruster can be adjusted in a large range to meet more complex space tasks.

[0022] 2. The present invention sets an insulating cylinder outside the solid working medium and sets up an electromagnetic generation system. In the electromagnetic generation system, a DC power supply supplies power to a multi-turn metal coil to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field effectively constrains the radial expansion of the plasma generated after the laser interacts with the working medium, thereby enhancing the axial energy of the plasma generated after the laser interacts with the working medium, thus improving the efficiency of the entire thruster. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser system;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the solid working fluid supply system;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser system;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the solid working fluid supply system;

[0029] Wherein: 1 is the laser, 2 is the focusing lens, 3 is the combined sleeve, 4 is the control power supply, 5 is the transmission line, 6 is the connecting rod, 7 is the fixing ring, 8 is the support rod, 9 is the base plate, 10 is the solid working fluid, 11 is the support rod, 12 is the fixing disc, 13 is the support connecting rod, 14 is the support plate, 15 is the support rod ring, 16 is the multi-turn metal coil, 17 is the DC power supply, 18 is the wire, 19 is the insulating cylinder, 20 is the threaded rod, 21 is the ring support frame, 22 is the nut, 23 is the support column, 24 is the threaded plate with holes, and 25 is the fixing screw. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the laser plasma micro-thruster of this embodiment includes a laser system, a solid working fluid supply system, and a mounting base. The mounting base of this embodiment is a solid cuboid base plate 9. The material of the base plate 9 is metal or an insulating rigid material. The metal can be one of aluminum, copper, or iron, and the insulating rigid material can be one of nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, or epoxy resin.

[0033] The solid working substance supply system comprises a plurality of solid working substances 10, one of which is located in the middle and the rest of which are uniformly arranged in the periphery of the solid working substance 10 in the middle in the circumferential direction, each solid working substance 10 is fixed on the installation base through a fixing assembly B, and the material of each solid working substance 10 is two or more than two of metal, high polymer, and energetic material. Five solid working substances 10 in the form of solid cylinders are arranged in the embodiment, each of which is made of a single material, one of which is located in the middle and the other four of which are uniformly arranged in the periphery in the circumferential direction. The materials of the five solid working substances 10 cannot be completely the same, and at least two of metal, high polymer, and energetic material need to be ensured; the metal can be copper, aluminum, zinc, or iron, the high polymer can be polyformaldehyde resin, polyvinyl chloride, or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, and the energetic material can be glycidyl polyazide ether or polyvinyl nitrate.

[0034] The laser system comprises a control power supply 4 and a plurality of laser assemblies, the number of the laser assemblies is the same as that of the solid working substances 10 and corresponds to the solid working substances 10 one by one. The laser assemblies in the embodiment are five groups, one of which is located in the middle and the rest of which are uniformly arranged in the periphery of the laser assembly in the middle in the circumferential direction. Each laser assembly has the same structure and comprises a laser 1, a focusing lens 2, and a combined sleeve 3, the laser 1 and the focusing lens 2 are respectively installed inside the two ends of the combined sleeve 3, each combined sleeve 3 is fixed on the base plate 9 through a fixing assembly A, and each laser 1 is connected with the control power supply 4 fixed on the base plate 9. Each solid working substance 10 and the corresponding laser assembly are located at the same horizontal height, and the horizontal center lines are collinear.

[0035] The laser 1 in the embodiment is a semiconductor laser, each laser 1 has a corresponding focusing lens 2 and is encapsulated inside the two ends of the combined sleeve 3. Each laser 1 is connected with the control power supply 4 through a transmission line 5. The control power supply 4 in the embodiment is a prior art, which is a power supply device integrating a controller and a laser power supply. The control power supply 4 can independently adjust the output mode and power of each laser 1, and can also make each laser 1 coupled output or output in a set time sequence.

[0036] The combined sleeve 3 in the embodiment is a hollow cylinder, the inner diameter of which is the same as the outer diameter of the laser 1 and the outer diameter of the focusing lens 2. The material of the combined sleeve 3 can be metal or insulating light-weight hard material, the metal can be one of copper, aluminum, and iron, and the insulating light-weight hard material can be one of polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, and nylon.

[0037] As Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the fixed assembly A of the embodiment includes connecting rods 6, a fixed ring 7 and a support rod 8, the fixed ring 7 is fixed on the base plate 9 through the support rod 8, five groups of laser assemblies are located in the fixed ring 7, and adjacent combined sleeves 3 are connected through the connecting rods 6. The fixed ring 7 of the embodiment is a circular ring, the bottom end of the circular ring is welded and fixed with the upper end of the support rod 8, and the lower end of the support rod 8 is fixed on the base plate 9. The axial center line of the combined sleeve 3 in the middle laser assembly is collinear with the axial center line of the fixed ring 7, and the axial center lines of the combined sleeves 3 in the remaining laser assemblies are parallel to each other and parallel to the axial center line of the fixed ring 7. The connecting rods 6 and the support rod 8 of the embodiment are all solid cylindrical structures, and the materials of the connecting rods 6, the fixed ring 7 and the support rod 8 are metal or insulating hard material, the metal can be one of copper, aluminum and iron, and the insulating hard material can be one of polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin and nylon. The combined sleeve 3 is fixed to the fixed ring 7 through the connecting rod 6 after being fixed to the connecting rod 6 by welding.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the fixed assembly B of the embodiment includes support rods 11, a fixed disc 12, support connecting rods 13 and a support plate 14, the support plate 14 is fixed vertically on the base plate 9, the fixed disc 12 is fixed to the support plate 14 through the support connecting rods 13, the middle solid working medium 10 passes through the fixed disc 12 and is fixed to the support plate 14 and the fixed disc 12 respectively, and the remaining solid working media 10 are fixed to the end face of the fixed disc 12 facing the laser system; the middle solid working medium 10 and each solid working medium 10 on the periphery are connected through the support rods 11 respectively.

[0039] The fixed disc 12 of the embodiment is provided with a through hole B in the thickness direction in the middle, and the inner diameter of the through hole B is equal to the outer diameter of the middle solid working medium 10.

[0040] The support connecting rod 13 of the embodiment is a solid cylindrical structure, and the material is metal or insulating hard material, the metal can be one of aluminum, copper and iron, and the insulating hard material can be one of polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon and epoxy resin. The number of the support connecting rod 13 of the embodiment is the same as and one-to-one corresponds to the number of the remaining solid working media 10 on the periphery of the middle solid working medium 10, and each support connecting rod 13 is uniformly arranged on the periphery of the middle solid working medium 10 in the circumferential direction, and the axial center line of each support connecting rod 13 is collinear with the axial center line of the corresponding solid working medium 10.

[0041] The support plate 14 of the embodiment is a cuboid structure, and the material can be metal or insulating hard material, the metal can be one of aluminum, copper and iron, and the insulating hard material can be one of polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon and epoxy resin.

[0042] The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

[0043] The axial center line of the combined sleeve 3 with the laser 1 and the focusing lens 2 is collinear with the axial center line of the corresponding solid working medium 10. When the control power supply 4 makes the single or multiple lasers 1 output laser, the specific impulse and the thrust of the microthruster can be adjusted in a wide range, so as to meet the required application requirements.

[0044] The circular semiconductor laser and the focusing lens 2 are placed in the combined sleeve 3, so that each combined sleeve 3 contains a semiconductor laser and a focusing lens 2. The multiple combined sleeves 3 are connected and fixed by the connecting rod 6 and the fixed ring 7. The fixed ring 7 is fixed to the support rod 8 and then fastened to the base plate 9. Each semiconductor laser is connected to a port of the control power supply 4 through the transmission line 5, and the control power supply 4 is also firmly fixed to the base plate 9.

[0045] The single metal material metal working medium cylinder, the single polymer material polymer working medium cylinder and the single energetic material energetic working medium cylinder are respectively fixed by the support rod 11. The number of the working medium cylinders is consistent with the number of the lasers 1 and the combined sleeves 3, and the types of the working medium cylinders include two or more than two types of metal, polymer and energetic material. The axial center line of each working medium cylinder is coincident with the axial center line of the laser 1. The multiple types of working medium cylinders are fixed to the support plate 14 by the fixed disc 12 and the support connecting rod 13, and the support plate 14 is fixed to the base plate 9. When the propulsion device needs to generate small thrust and large specific impulse, the laser corresponding to the metal working medium cylinder can be opened for ablation work; when the propulsion device needs to generate larger thrust and smaller specific impulse, the laser corresponding to the polymer working medium cylinder can be opened for ablation work; and when the propulsion device needs to generate larger thrust and specific impulse, the laser corresponding to the energetic working medium cylinder can be opened for ablation work. When a single ablation metal working medium cylinder, polymer working medium cylinder or energetic working medium cylinder cannot meet the requirements of thrust and specific impulse, multiple lasers can be opened at the same time to realize the coupling effect of multiple types of working medium cylinder ablation, so as to realize the wide range adjustment of specific impulse and thrust, and adapt to the application in complex space environment.

[0046] Embodiment two

[0047] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , the laser plasma microthruster of the embodiment includes a laser system, a solid working medium supply system, an electromagnetic generating system, an insulating cylinder 19 and a mounting base. The solid working medium supply system is located in the insulating cylinder 19, and the electromagnetic generating system includes a multiple-turn metal coil 16 and a direct current power supply 17. The multiple-turn metal coil 16 is wound on the insulating cylinder 19 and connected to the direct current power supply 17 fixed on the mounting base. The mounting base, the solid working medium supply system, the laser system and the fixed assembly A of the embodiment are the same as those of embodiment one, and will not be described here.

[0048] In this embodiment, the multi-turn metal coil 16 is a multi-winding hollow structure wound with a single metal wire. The material of the multi-turn metal coil 16 can be one of copper wire, silver wire, or aluminum wire. The two ends of the multi-turn metal coil 16 are connected to the DC power supply 17 through wires 18. The DC power supply 17 is a DC power supply with adjustable voltage and current.

[0049] Each solid working medium 10 and the insulating cylinder 19 are fixed to the base plate 9 by the fixing assembly B, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the fixing component B in this embodiment includes a fixing disc 12, a support plate 14, a support ring 15, a threaded rod 20, a support frame 21, a nut 22, and a support column 23. The support plate 14 is vertically fixed on the base plate 9. The annular support frame 21 is sleeved around the insulating cylinder 19 and fixed to the base plate 9 by the support column 23. The insulating cylinder 19 is fixed to the annular support frame 21 by multiple positioning components provided on the annular support frame 21. The fixing disc 12 and the support ring 15 are both located inside the insulating cylinder 19. Each solid working medium 10 passes through the support ring 15 and is fixed to the support ring 15 respectively. The solid working medium 10 located in the middle passes through the fixing disc 12 and the insulating cylinder 19 and is fixed to the support plate 14 and the fixing disc 12 respectively. The remaining solid working medium 10 are fixed to the end face of the fixing disc 12 facing the laser system.

[0050] In this embodiment, a through hole B is provided in the middle of the fixed disk 12 along the thickness direction. The inner diameter of the through hole B is equal to the outer diameter of the solid working medium 10 located in the middle.

[0051] In this embodiment, the support plate 14 has a cuboid structure and can be made of metal or an insulating rigid material. The metal can be one of aluminum, copper, or iron, and the insulating rigid material can be one of polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, or epoxy resin.

[0052] The embodiment is same as the embodiment one, and five solid working substances 10 are arranged, and each solid working substance 10 is a solid cylinder. The supporting rod ring 15 is provided with through holes A corresponding to each solid working substance 10, that is, the supporting rod ring 15 of the embodiment is a circular ring structure, the solid working substance 10 in the middle passes through the through hole A in the center of the supporting rod ring 15, four through holes A corresponding to the other four solid working substances 10 are arranged in the circumferential direction outside the through hole A in the center of the supporting rod ring 15, the five solid working substances 10 pass through the corresponding five through holes A respectively, and are fixedly connected with the supporting rod ring 15 respectively, and each solid working substance 10 is connected through the supporting rod ring 15. The diameters of the through holes B on the fixed disc 12 and the diameters of the through holes A are equal to the outer diameter of the solid working substance 10. The axial center line of the through hole A in the middle of the supporting rod ring 15 is collinear with the axial center line of the through hole B on the fixed disc 12, and the axial center lines of the other through holes A on the supporting rod ring 15 are collinear with the axial center lines of the solid working substances 10 passing through.

[0053] The positioning assembly of the embodiment includes a threaded rod 20, a nut 22 and a through hole D arranged on the annular support frame 21. The annular support frame 21 is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes D in the circumferential direction, and the threaded rod 20 is arranged in each through hole D. One end of the threaded rod 20 abuts against the outer surface of the insulating cylinder 19, and the other end of the threaded rod 20 is fixedly screwed through the nut 22.

[0054] The annular support frame 21 of the embodiment is divided into two semicircles, and each semicircle is provided with a threaded plate 24 with a hole at the two ends of the opening. The two semicircles are fixedly connected through the fixed screws 25 screwed into the threaded plates 24 with holes. The material of the annular support frame 21 can be a hard solid material, such as one of polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon and epoxy resin. The entire annular support frame 21 is fixed to the upper end of the supporting column 23, and the lower end of the supporting column 23 is fixed to the base plate 9.

[0055] One end of the insulating cylinder 19 of the embodiment is open, and the inner diameter of the end is equal to the outer diameter of the supporting rod ring 15. A through hole C for the solid working substance 10 in the middle to pass through is arranged at the center of the other end of the insulating cylinder 19, and the inner diameter of the through hole C is equal to the outer diameter of the solid working substance 10. The positioning assemblies on the insulating cylinder 19 are close to the other end of the insulating cylinder 19. The insulating cylinder 19 of the embodiment is made of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant material, such as quartz or alumina ceramic.

[0056] The embodiment is based on the embodiment one, and an insulation cylinder 19 is arranged outside the solid working substance supply system, and a plurality of turns of metal coil 16 is wound on the insulation cylinder 19, and the plurality of turns of metal coil 16 is connected with the direct current power supply 17. The axial center line of the combined sleeve 3 with the laser 1 and the focusing lens 2 is collinear with the axial center line of the corresponding solid working substance 10, when the control power supply 4 makes the single or multiple lasers 1 output laser, the specific impulse and the thrust of the microthruster can be adjusted in a large range; at the same time, the direct current power supply 17 of the electromagnetic generating system supplies power to the plurality of turns of metal coil 16, so that the plurality of turns of metal coil 16 generates a magnetic field, the magnetic field effectively restricts the radial expansion of the plasma generated after the interaction of the laser and the solid working substance, the axial energy of the plasma generated after the interaction of the laser and the solid working substance is enhanced, so as to improve the efficiency of the whole thruster.

Claims

1. A multi-propellant hybrid laser-plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust, characterized in that: The system includes a laser system, a solid working medium supply system, and an installation foundation. The solid working medium supply system includes multiple solid working media (10), with one solid working medium (10) located in the center and the remaining solid working media (10) evenly arranged around the center solid working medium (10) along the circumference. Each solid working medium (10) is fixed to the installation foundation by a fixing component B. The material of each solid working medium (10) is two or more of the following: metal, polymer, and energetic material. The laser system includes a control power supply (4) and multiple sets of laser components. The number of laser components corresponds to the number of solid working media (10), with one laser component located in the center and the remaining laser components arranged around the center. The components are evenly arranged around the laser assembly located in the center in the circumferential direction; the fixed component B includes a support rod (11), a fixed disk (12), a support connecting rod (13) and a support plate (14). The support plate (14) is fixed on the mounting base. The fixed disk (12) is fixed to the support plate (14) through the support connecting rod (13). The solid working medium (10) located in the center passes through the fixed disk (12) and is fixed to the support plate (14) and the fixed disk (12) respectively. The remaining solid working mediums (10) are all fixed to the end face of the fixed disk (12) facing the laser system. The solid working medium (10) located in the center is connected to each of the solid working mediums (10) on the periphery through the support rod (11).

2. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of laser components has the same structure, including a laser (1), a focusing lens (2) and a combined sleeve (3). The laser (1) and the focusing lens (2) are respectively installed inside the two ends of the combined sleeve (3). Each combined sleeve (3) is fixed to the mounting base by a fixing component A. Each laser (1) is connected to a control power supply (4) fixed to the mounting base.

3. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing component A includes a connecting rod (6), a fixing ring (7) and a support rod (8). The fixing ring (7) is fixed to the mounting base by the support rod (8). Each laser component is located inside the fixing ring (7). The adjacent combined sleeves (3) are connected to each other and the combined sleeves (3) are connected to the fixing ring (7) by the connecting rod (6).

4. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing ring (7) is a circular ring. The axial center line of the combined sleeve (3) in the middle laser assembly is collinear with the axial center line of the fixing ring (7). The axial center lines of the combined sleeves (3) in the other laser assemblies are parallel to each other and parallel to the axial center line of the fixing ring (7). Each solid working medium (10) and the corresponding laser assembly are located at the same horizontal height and their axial center lines are collinear.

5. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the connecting rod (6) and the support rod (8) are solid cylindrical structures. The bottom end of the fixing ring (7) is welded and fixed to the upper end of the support rod (8). The lower end of the support rod (8) is fixed on the mounting base. The combined sleeve (3) is welded and fixed to the connecting rod (6).

6. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combined sleeve (3) is a hollow cylinder, and its inner diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the laser (1) and the outer diameter of the focusing lens (2).

7. A multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust, characterized in that: The system includes a laser system, a solid working fluid supply system, an electromagnetic generation system, an insulating cylinder (19), and a mounting base. The solid working fluid supply system is located inside the insulating cylinder (19). The solid working fluid supply system includes multiple solid working fluids (10), with one solid working fluid (10) located in the middle. The remaining solid working fluids (10) are evenly arranged around the middle solid working fluid (10) in a circumferential direction. Each solid working fluid (10) and the insulating cylinder (19) are fixed to the mounting base by a fixing component B. The material of 0) is two or more of the following: metal, polymer, and energetic material; the laser system includes a control power supply (4) and multiple sets of laser components, the number of laser components being the same as the number of solid working fluid (10) and corresponding one-to-one, with one laser component located in the middle and the remaining laser components evenly arranged around the laser component located in the middle along the circumferential direction; the electromagnetic generation system includes a multi-turn metal coil (16) and a DC power supply (17), the multi-turn metal coil (16) being wound around an insulating cylinder (1) 9) and connected to the DC power supply (17) fixed on the mounting base; the fixing component B includes a fixing disc (12), a support plate (14), a support ring (15), a threaded rod (20), a support frame (21), a nut (22) and a support column (23). The support plate (14) is fixed on the mounting base. The annular support frame (21) is sleeved around the insulating cylinder (19) and fixed on the mounting base by the support column (23). The insulating cylinder (19) is supported by multiple rings set on the annular support frame (21). The positioning component is fixed to the ring support frame (21); the fixed disk (12) and the support ring (15) are both located inside the insulating cylinder (19), each of the solid working fluids (10) passes through the support ring (15) and is fixed to the support ring (15) respectively. The solid working fluid (10) in the middle passes through the fixed disk (12) and the insulating cylinder (19) and is fixed to the support plate (14) and the fixed disk (12) respectively. The remaining solid working fluids (10) are fixed to the end face of the fixed disk (12) facing the laser system.

8. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each group of laser components has the same structure, including a laser (1), a focusing lens (2) and a combined sleeve (3). The laser (1) and the focusing lens (2) are respectively installed inside the two ends of the combined sleeve (3). Each combined sleeve (3) is fixed to the mounting base by a fixing component A. Each laser (1) is connected to a control power supply (4) fixed to the mounting base.

9. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing component A includes a connecting rod (6), a fixing ring (7) and a support rod (8). The fixing ring (7) is fixed to the mounting base by the support rod (8). Each laser component is located inside the fixing ring (7). The adjacent combined sleeves (3) are connected to each other and the combined sleeves (3) are connected to the fixing ring (7) by the connecting rod (6).

10. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixing ring (7) is a circular ring. The axial center line of the combined sleeve (3) in the middle laser assembly is collinear with the axial center line of the fixing ring (7). The axial center lines of the combined sleeves (3) in the other laser assemblies are parallel to each other and parallel to the axial center line of the fixing ring (7). Each solid working medium (10) and the corresponding laser assembly are located at the same horizontal height and their axial center lines are collinear.

11. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both the connecting rod (6) and the support rod (8) are solid cylindrical structures. The bottom end of the fixing ring (7) is welded and fixed to the upper end of the support rod (8). The lower end of the support rod (8) is fixed on the mounting base. The combined sleeve (3) is welded and fixed to the connecting rod (6).

12. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 8, characterized in that: The combined sleeve (3) is a hollow cylinder, and its inner diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the laser (1) and the outer diameter of the focusing lens (2).

13. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning component includes a threaded rod (20), a nut (22), and a through hole D on an annular support frame (21). The annular support frame (21) has multiple through holes D evenly distributed along the circumference. A threaded rod (20) is inserted into each through hole D. One end of the threaded rod (20) abuts against the outer surface of the insulating cylinder (19), and the other end of the threaded rod (20) is tightened and fixed by the nut (22). The annular support frame (21) is divided into two semicircles. Both ends of the opening of each semicircle are provided with perforated threaded plates (24). The two semicircles are fixedly connected by screwing a fixing screw (25) into the perforated threaded plate (24).

14. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 7, characterized in that: The solid working medium (10) is a solid cylinder. The support ring (15) has through holes A at the corresponding positions of each solid working medium (10). The center of the fixed disk (12) has a through hole B. The diameter of the through hole B and the diameter of each through hole A are equal to the outer diameter of the solid working medium (10). The axial center line of the through hole A in the middle of the support ring (15) is collinear with the axial center line of the through hole B on the fixed disk (12). The axial center lines of the other through holes A on the support ring (15) are collinear with the axial center lines of the solid working medium (10) they pass through.

15. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the insulating cylinder (19) is open, and the inner diameter of that end is equal to the outer diameter of the support ring (15). The center of the other end of the insulating cylinder (19) is provided with a through hole C for the solid working medium (10) located in the middle to pass through. The inner diameter of the through hole C is equal to the outer diameter of the solid working medium (10). Each positioning component on the insulating cylinder (19) is close to the other end of the insulating cylinder (19).

16. The multi-propellant hybrid laser plasma micro-thruster with adjustable specific impulse and thrust according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-turn metal coil (16) is a hollow structure with multiple windings wound around a single metal wire. The two ends of the multi-turn metal coil (16) are connected to a DC power supply (17) via wires (18).

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