Fuel cell device and hydrogen supply method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, and provides a fuel cell device and a hydrogen supply method. The fuel cell device includes a hydrogen supply unit, a fuel cell unit and a control module. The hydrogen supply unit includes a hydrogen production module and a hydrogen storage module. The hydrogen production module includes a water supplier and a hydrolysis hydrogen producer; the hydrogen storage module includes a thermostat and a solid-state hydrogen storage device. The present application uses the hydrolysis hydrogen producer as the main hydrogen supply source, utilizes the hydrogen release and absorption of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and cooperates to achieve stable hydrogen supply to the fuel cell. The solid-state hydrogen storage device can absorb the low-pressure and low-flow hydrogen generated during the shutdown stage of the hydrolysis hydrogen production, and has the characteristics of good stability and convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell device and a hydrogen supply method. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells use hydrogen as fuel and oxygen as oxidant, and directly convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. They are not limited by the Carnot cycle, have high energy conversion efficiency, and their reaction product is only water, which is green and efficient. As an energy power system, fuel cells have the advantages of high power density, long driving range, and light weight compared to lithium-ion power systems; and compared to gas engine power systems, they have the advantages of low vibration and noise, and almost no tail exhaust.

[0003] At present, the hydrogen supply method for fuel cells is mainly based on simple hydrogen bottles. However, the larger the pressure and volume specifications of the hydrogen storage bottle, the higher the safety risk level. In addition, hydrogen production by hydrolysis can also be used to provide hydrogen source for fuel cells. Under normal circumstances, the reaction pressure of the hydrogen production reaction chamber by hydrolysis is much lower than that of the hydrogen storage bottle, and it only needs to meet the operating pressure of the fuel cell (0.4~0.7MPa); hydrogen production by hydrolysis can be produced as needed, and hydrogen can be flexibly produced by controlling the water inlet rate; however, due to the hysteresis of the chemical reaction, according to the current test data, under dynamic conditions, hydrogen production by hydrolysis is difficult to quickly achieve the dynamic response of the fuel cell working condition load change, and it is easy to form a vicious cycle of hydrogen production pressure fluctuations and repeated callbacks. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell device and a hydrogen supply method with stable operation, long battery life and high safety.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell device, the fuel cell device comprising:

[0006] A hydrogen supply unit comprises a hydrogen production module and a hydrogen storage module, wherein the hydrogen production module comprises a water supplier and a hydrolysis hydrogen producer, wherein the water supplier is used to provide water to the hydrolysis hydrogen producer, wherein the hydrolysis hydrogen producer is used to store hydrolysis hydrogen production materials and generate a hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction, wherein the hydrogen outlet of the hydrolysis hydrogen producer is connected to a first pipeline provided with a first regulating valve; the hydrogen storage module comprises a thermostat and a solid-state hydrogen storage, wherein the thermostat is used to control the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage, and regulate the hydrogen precipitation and absorption of the solid-state hydrogen storage, wherein the hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage is connected to a second pipeline provided with a second regulating valve;

[0007] A fuel cell unit, comprising a fuel cell, wherein the first pipeline and the second pipeline are both connected to the fuel cell after being merged into an output pipeline, and an output regulating valve is arranged on the output pipeline;

[0008] A control module, the control module is independently electrically connected to the water supply device, the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the output regulating valve, and the control module is used to independently adjust the water supply of the water supply device, the activation of the first regulating valve, the activation of the second regulating valve and the activation of the output regulating valve.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first pipeline is further provided with a first pressure sensor, a one-way valve and a first filter;

[0010] The first pressure sensor is arranged on the first pipeline between the first regulating valve and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator;

[0011] The one-way valve and the first filter are arranged on the first pipeline between the first regulating valve and the output pipeline.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second pipeline is further provided with a second pressure sensor and a second filter;

[0013] The second pressure sensor is arranged on the second pipeline between the second regulating valve and the solid hydrogen storage device;

[0014] The second filter is disposed on the second pipeline between the second regulating valve and the output pipeline.

[0015] In some embodiments, the temperature controller includes a heater and a cooler, and the heater is used to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device to control the solid-state hydrogen storage device to release hydrogen into the fuel cell;

[0016] The cooler is used to cool the solid-state hydrogen storage device and control the solid-state hydrogen storage device to absorb part of the hydrogen generated in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator further includes a first thermostat, which is used to maintain a target temperature of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator during operation and to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0018] In some embodiments, the fuel cell unit further includes a second thermostat, which is used to maintain a target temperature of the fuel cell during operation and to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen supply method, which is performed using the fuel cell device as described in the first aspect, and the hydrogen supply method comprises:

[0020] During the operation phase of the fuel cell, the output regulating valve is opened, the first regulating valve is closed, and the water supplier supplies water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator to enter the hydrogen production and pressure building phase; the second regulating valve is opened, the thermostat heats the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell;

[0021] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the first hydrogen production pressure, the first regulating valve is opened, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell; the second regulating valve is closed, and the solid-state hydrogen storage stops producing hydrogen;

[0022] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve is opened, the temperature controller cools down the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs part of the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator;

[0023] During the shutdown phase of the fuel cell, the output regulating valve is closed, the fuel cell stops running, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are opened, the temperature controller cools down the solid-state hydrogen storage, and the solid-state hydrogen storage absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

[0024] In some embodiments, the fuel cell operation phase includes:

[0025] The output regulating valve is opened, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator and the solid-state hydrogen storage are started, the temperature controller heats the solid-state hydrogen storage to a first temperature, and the second regulating valve is opened, the hydrogen generated by the solid-state hydrogen storage enters the fuel cell through the output pipeline, and the fuel cell starts to operate; the first regulating valve is closed, the water supplier introduces water into the hydrolysis hydrogen generator, and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator rises and enters the pressure building stage;

[0026] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the output pressure, the first regulating valve is opened, and the hydrogen generated in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator and the hydrogen generated in the solid hydrogen storage device both enter the fuel cell through the output pipeline, and the output pressure is less than the first hydrogen production pressure;

[0027] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is between the first hydrogen production pressure and the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve is closed and the thermostat stops controlling the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator enters the fuel cell through the output pipeline;

[0028] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve is opened, and the temperature controller cools the solid-state hydrogen storage to the second temperature. Part of the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator enters the solid-state hydrogen storage through the second pipeline for absorption, and part of the hydrogen enters the fuel cell through the output pipeline. When the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage is between the first hydrogen production pressure and the second hydrogen production pressure after absorbing the hydrogen, the second regulating valve and the temperature controller are closed.

[0029] In some embodiments, the shutdown phase of the fuel cell includes:

[0030] Closing the output regulating valve, and shutting down the fuel cell;

[0031] The first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are opened, and the water supply device is stopped from supplying water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator. The temperature controller cools the solid-state hydrogen storage device to a third temperature. The solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator. When the hydrogen outlet pressure change value of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is less than the minimum pressure change value, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are closed.

[0032] In some embodiments, when the hydrolysis hydrogen generator generates hydrogen, the water supply amount and water supply pressure of the water supplier are adjusted according to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell and the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

[0033] In some embodiments, when the solid-state hydrogen storage is heated to release hydrogen, the heating temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage by the thermostat is adjusted according to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell and the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

[0034] In some embodiments, when the solid-state hydrogen storage absorbs hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator, the cooling temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage by the thermostat is adjusted according to the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

[0035] Compared with the traditional technology, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present application adopts a combination of a hydrolysis hydrogen generator and a solid-state hydrogen storage device to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell. Among them, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is a hydrogen supply source that can meet the long-term working requirements of the fuel cell. Solid-state hydrogen storage can not only be used as a hydrogen storage source, but also as a hydrogen supply source. When the pressure of hydrolysis hydrogen production is relatively high, it can absorb part of the hydrogen to avoid excessive hydrogen supply pressure affecting the working performance of the fuel cell; when the pressure of hydrolysis hydrogen production is relatively low, it releases part of the hydrogen to help maintain the pressure and flow stability of the main hydrogen supply pipeline. In addition, when the hydrolysis hydrogen production ends and enters the long-tail effect stage, the solid-state hydrogen storage device can absorb the hydrogen that cannot be used due to low pressure and small flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 For this application Figure 2 The hydrogen supply operation flow chart of the provided fuel cell device;

[0042] Figure 6 For this application Figure 2 The hydrogen supply shutdown flow chart of the fuel cell device provided;

[0043] Figure 7 For this application Figure 3 The hydrogen supply operation flow chart of the provided fuel cell device;

[0044] Figure 8 For this application Figure 3 The hydrogen supply shutdown flow chart of the fuel cell device provided;

[0045] Fig. 9 For this application Figure 4 The hydrogen supply operation flow chart of the provided fuel cell device;

[0046] Fig.10 For this application Figure 4 A hydrogen supply shutdown flow chart for a fuel cell device is provided.

[0047] Among them, 10-water supplier; 20-hydrolysis hydrogen generator; 21-first regulating valve; 22-first pressure sensor; 23-one-way valve; 24-first filter; 25-first thermostat; 30-solid-state hydrogen storage; 31-second regulating valve; 32-second pressure sensor; 33-second filter; 40-temperature controller; 41-heater; 42-cooler; 43-drive pump; 44-thermostat; 45-heating regulating valve; 46-cooling regulating valve; 50-fuel cell; 51-second thermostat; 52-heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Below in conjunction with the embodiments and examples, the present application is further described in detail. These embodiments and examples are only used to illustrate the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. The purpose of providing these embodiments and examples is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. It should also be understood that the present application can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without violating the connotation of the present application, and the equivalent form obtained also falls within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, in the description below, a large number of specific details are given in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0049] It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0050] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0052] In this application, "optionally", "optional", and "optional" mean optional or dispensable, that is, any one of the two parallel schemes of "yes" or "no". If multiple "options" appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there is no contradiction or mutual restriction, each "optional" is independent.

[0053] In this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. in "the first aspect", "the second aspect", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor can they be understood as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first", "second", etc. only serve the purpose of non-exhaustive enumeration and description, and it should be understood that they do not constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0054] In the present application, the technical features described in an open manner include closed technical solutions composed of the listed features, and also include open technical solutions containing the listed features.

[0055] In the present application, when it comes to a numerical interval (i.e., a numerical range), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of the optional numerical values ​​in the numerical interval is considered to be continuous, and includes the two numerical endpoints (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of the numerical interval, and each numerical value between the two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when the numerical interval only refers to an integer in the numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, and each integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing each integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range disclosed in the present application should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, a percentage, a ratio, etc. "Numerical interval" allows for a broad range of quantitative intervals such as percentage intervals, ratio intervals, and ratio intervals.

[0056] All documents mentioned in this application are cited as references in this application, just as each document is cited as reference separately. Unless they conflict with the invention purpose and / or technical solution of this application, the cited documents involved in this application are cited with all contents and all purposes. When the cited documents are involved in this application, the definitions of relevant technical features, terms, nouns, phrases, etc. in the cited documents are also cited. When the cited documents are involved in this application, the examples and preferred methods of the cited relevant technical features can also be incorporated into this application as references, but are limited to the implementation of this application. It should be understood that when the cited content conflicts with the description in this application, the present application shall prevail or be modified adaptively according to the description of this application.

[0057] In traditional technology, the hydrogen supply sources for fuel cells mainly include hydrogen storage bottles and hydrolysis. Among them, the use of hydrogen storage bottles as the hydrogen supply source for fuel cells requires carrying high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles, which are prone to gas leakage and explosion; and it is difficult to refill hydrogen in hydrogen storage bottles on islands, coasts, and ports far away from hydrogen refueling stations. The hydrolysis method of hydrogen production is difficult to achieve a rapid response to the hydrogen flow required under variable load conditions of fuel cells, resulting in large pressure fluctuations during the hydrogen production process; and after the completion of hydrolysis hydrogen production, the long-tail effect of low pressure and low flow makes it impossible to absorb hydrogen, affecting the next hydrolysis hydrogen production.

[0058] The first aspect of the present application provides a fuel cell device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell device comprises:

[0059] A hydrogen supply unit comprises a hydrogen production module and a hydrogen storage module, wherein the hydrogen production module comprises a water supplier 10 and a hydrolysis hydrogen producer 20, wherein the water supplier 10 is used to provide water to the hydrolysis hydrogen producer 20, wherein the hydrolysis hydrogen producer 20 is used to store hydrolysis hydrogen production materials and generate a hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction, wherein the hydrogen outlet of the hydrolysis hydrogen producer 20 is connected to a first pipeline provided with a first regulating valve 21; the hydrogen storage module comprises a thermostat 40 and a solid-state hydrogen storage 30, wherein the thermostat 40 is used to control the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 and regulate the hydrogen precipitation and absorption of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30, wherein the hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 is connected to a second pipeline provided with a second regulating valve 31;

[0060] A fuel cell unit, comprising a fuel cell 50, wherein the first pipeline and the second pipeline are both connected to the fuel cell 50 after being merged into an output pipeline, and an output regulating valve is arranged on the output pipeline;

[0061] A control module, the control module is independently electrically connected to the water supply device 10, the first regulating valve 21, the second regulating valve 31 and the output regulating valve, and the control module is used to independently adjust the water supply of the water supply device 10, the activation of the first regulating valve 21, the activation of the second regulating valve 31 and the activation of the output regulating valve.

[0062] The present application adopts a combination of a hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and a solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 50. Among them, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is a hydrogen supply source, which can meet the long-term working requirements of the fuel cell 50. The solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 can not only serve as a hydrogen storage source, but also as a hydrogen supply source. When the pressure of hydrolysis hydrogen production is relatively high, it can absorb part of the hydrogen to avoid the excessive hydrogen supply pressure affecting the working performance of the fuel cell 50; when the pressure of hydrolysis hydrogen production is relatively low, it releases part of the hydrogen, thereby helping to maintain the pressure and flow stability of the main hydrogen supply pipeline. In addition, when the hydrolysis hydrogen production ends and enters the long-tail effect stage, the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 can absorb the hydrogen that cannot be used due to low pressure and small flow.

[0063] In some embodiments, the water generated by the fuel cell 50 is connected to the water supply device 10 through a water supply pipeline. The present application not only reduces the volume of the water storage tank of the fuel cell 50 by returning the water generated by the fuel cell 50 to the water supply device 10 as a raw material in the process of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis, but also avoids the problem of uneven weight distribution of the fuel cell 50 device caused by water production and storage, which affects the overall balance.

[0064] In some embodiments, the water supply 10 is connected to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 through a third pipeline, and a third regulating valve and a third pressure sensor are provided on the third pipeline. The third regulating valve is used to adjust the water supply amount of the water supply 10, and the third pressure sensor is used to detect the water supply pressure of the water supply 10.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first pipeline is further provided with a first pressure sensor 22, a one-way valve 23 and a first filter 24. The first pressure sensor 22 is used to detect the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20. The first filter 24 is used to purify the hydrogen discharged from the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and reduce impurities, such as water, in the discharged hydrogen.

[0066] The first pressure sensor 22 is disposed on the first pipeline between the first regulating valve 21 and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 .

[0067] The one-way valve 23 and the first filter 24 are disposed on the first pipeline between the first regulating valve 21 and the output pipeline.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second pipeline is further provided with a second pressure sensor 32 and a second filter 33. The second pressure sensor 32 is used to detect the outlet pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30. The second filter 33 is used to purify the hydrogen discharged from the solid-state hydrogen storage 30, and when the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 absorbs excess hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, filter the hydrogen entering the solid-state hydrogen storage 30.

[0069] The second pressure sensor 32 is disposed on the second pipeline between the second regulating valve 31 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 .

[0070] The second filter 33 is disposed on the second pipeline between the second regulating valve 31 and the output pipeline.

[0071] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the temperature controller 40 includes a heater 41 and a cooler 42 . The heater 41 is used to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 , and control the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 to release hydrogen to enter the fuel cell 50 .

[0072] The cooler 42 is used to cool the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 and control the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 to absorb part of the hydrogen generated in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 .

[0073] It is understandable that the heater 41 in the present application can be an electric heater, or a heat source that can be used in other fuel cell devices. For example, the heater 41 can use the heat generated by the hydrolysis reaction in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, or the heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell 50. The solid-state hydrogen storage 30 can also be heated by a heat source and an electric heater. When the heat of the heat source does not meet the heating requirements of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30, an electric heater can be used to assist or directly heat the solid-state hydrogen storage 30. The cooler 42 in the present application includes at least one of a refrigerator and a radiator, and the cooling method can be reasonably selected according to the actual application scenario.

[0074] In some embodiments, the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 further includes a heat exchange pipeline cyclically connected to the temperature controller 40 , and the heater 41 and the cooler 42 are connected to the heat exchange pipeline in parallel.

[0075] In some embodiments, a thermostat 44 and a driving pump 43 are provided in the heat exchange pipeline. The thermostat 44 is used to adjust the flow of the heat exchange pipeline, and the driving pump 43 is used to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline.

[0076] In some embodiments, temperature sensors are provided on both the side of the heat exchange pipeline connected to the solid hydrogen storage 30 and the side flowing out of the solid hydrogen storage 30 for detecting the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing into and out of the solid hydrogen storage 30 .

[0077] In some embodiments, the cooler 42 includes a refrigerant and a cooling heat exchanger circulated with the refrigerant. The cooling heat exchanger is connected to the heat exchange pipeline to cool the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline.

[0078] In some embodiments, the inlet and outlet of the heater 41 are both provided with temperature sensors to detect the inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the heater 41 respectively; the inlet and outlet of the cooler 42 are both provided with temperature sensors to detect the inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the cooler 42 respectively.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 also includes a first thermostat 25, which is used to maintain the target temperature of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 during operation and heat the solid-state hydrogen storage 30. It can be understood that in this application, the heat generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 during the hydrolysis process is used as a heat source to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage 30, which can cooperate with the heating function of the thermostat 40 or replace the heating function of the thermostat 40, thereby realizing energy recovery. Among them, the target temperature of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 in different working stages is different. For example, at the beginning stage of hydrogen production of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, the first thermostat 25 heats the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 to a target temperature that is conducive to the start of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction; in the stable stage of hydrogen production of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, the first thermostat 25 absorbs the heat generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, so that the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is stabilized at a target temperature that is conducive to the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction.

[0080] In some embodiments, the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 further includes a heat exchange pipeline cyclically connected to the temperature controller 40, and the temperature controller 40 further includes a cooler 42, and the first thermostat 25 and the cooler 42 are connected to the heat exchange pipeline in parallel.

[0081] In some embodiments, a heating regulating valve 45 is disposed on the pipeline of the first thermostat 25, and a cooling regulating valve 46 is disposed on the pipeline of the cooler 42, which independently control the operation of the first thermostat 25 and the operation of the cooler 42.

[0082] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the fuel cell 50 unit also includes a second thermostat 51, which is used to maintain the target temperature of the fuel cell 50 during operation and heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30. It is understandable that the fuel cell 50 in the present application has different target temperatures at different working stages. For example, at the initial stage of the fuel cell operation, the second thermostat 51 needs to heat the fuel cell 50 to maintain it at a target temperature that is conducive to the start-up of the fuel cell 50; during the stable working stage of the fuel cell 50, the second thermostat 51 needs to absorb the heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell 50 to maintain it at a target temperature that is conducive to the stable operation of the fuel cell 50.

[0083] In some embodiments, the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 further includes a heat exchange pipeline cyclically connected to the thermostat 40, and the thermostat 40 further includes a cooler 42 and a heater 41, and the heater 41, the second thermostat 51 and the cooler 42 are connected to the heat exchange pipeline in parallel. It can be understood that the cooler 42 is used to cool the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 to absorb hydrogen; the heater 41 and the second thermostat 51 are respectively used to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 to precipitate and release hydrogen, wherein the second thermostat 51 and the heater 41 can be used in combination to effectively ensure the heating temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30.

[0084] In some embodiments, the heater 41 is arranged on the heat exchange pipeline, the cooler 42 is connected in parallel to the heat exchange pipeline, and a cooling regulating valve 46 is arranged on the heat exchange pipeline, and the cooling regulating valve 46 is used to adjust the cooler 42 to connect to the heat exchange pipeline to cool the heat exchange medium, or the heat exchange medium does not pass through the cooler 42; the second thermostat 51 also includes a heat exchanger 52 arranged on the heat exchange pipeline, and the second thermostat 51 heats the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline through the heat exchanger 52, and the heat exchanger 52 is connected in parallel with the heater 41. A heating regulating valve 45 is also arranged on the heat exchange pipeline, and the heating regulating valve 45 is used to adjust the heat exchange medium to flow through the heater 41 and / or the heat exchanger 52. When the cooler 42 is started to cool the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline, the heating regulating valve 45 is adjusted to the pipeline where the heater 41 is located, the heater 41 does not work, and the heat exchange medium flows through the heater 41 into the solid hydrogen storage 30.

[0085] In some embodiments, the solid-state hydrogen storage material used in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 includes at least one of a LaNi5-based hydrogen storage material, a Ti-Fe-based hydrogen storage material, and a Mg2Ni-based hydrogen storage material.

[0086] It is understandable that the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material and the pressure of the space in which it is located can regulate the absorption and release of hydrogen by the solid hydrogen storage material. The present application can reasonably select the solid hydrogen storage material, hydrogen release parameters and hydrogen absorption parameters according to different use requirements. Among them, the platform pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material at different temperatures is different. If the gas pressure in the space is greater than the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material, the solid hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen; if the gas pressure in the space is less than the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material, the solid hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen.

[0087] In some embodiments, the hydrolysis hydrogen production material used in the hydrolysis hydrogen production device 20 includes at least one of an aluminum water hydrogen production material, a sodium borohydride hydrolysis hydrogen production material, and a magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production material.

[0088] The second aspect of the present application provides a hydrogen supply method, which is performed using the fuel cell device as described in the first aspect, and the hydrogen supply method comprises:

[0089] During the operation phase of the fuel cell 50, the output regulating valve is opened, the first regulating valve 21 is closed, the water supplier 10 supplies water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the hydrogen production and pressure building phase is entered; the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the temperature controller 40 heats the solid-state hydrogen storage 30, and the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell 50;

[0090] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than the first hydrogen production pressure P min When the first regulating valve 21 is opened, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell 50; the second regulating valve 31 is closed, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 stops generating hydrogen;

[0091] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure P max When the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the temperature controller 40 cools down the solid hydrogen storage 30, and the solid hydrogen storage 30 absorbs part of the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20;

[0092] During the shutdown phase of the fuel cell 50 , the output regulating valve is closed, the fuel cell 50 stops running, the first regulating valve 21 and the second regulating valve 31 are opened, the temperature controller 40 cools down the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 , and the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 cools down and absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 .

[0093] In the present application, in the initial stage of hydrogen supply, the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is heated to generate hydrogen to meet the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell 50. The hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is in the stage of building pressure for hydrolysis hydrogen production, and the gas pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is increased. When the pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 reaches the required pressure for release, the hydrogen discharged by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is used as a hydrogen source. When the hydrogen pressure generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is too high, the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is lowered to absorb the excess hydrogen, so as to avoid excessive pressure affecting the operation of the fuel cell 50. That is, in the present application, according to the gas production pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is used to release, supplement and absorb and store hydrogen, so as to help maintain the pressure and flow stability of the output pipeline. And after the fuel cell 50 is shut down, the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 can be used to absorb the excess hydrogen generated in the process of hydrolysis hydrogen production, so as to solve the hydrogen absorption problem of the long-tail effect of hydrolysis hydrogen production.

[0094] In some embodiments, the fuel cell 50 operation phase includes:

[0095] The output regulating valve is opened, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 are started, the temperature controller 40 heats the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 to a first temperature, and the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the hydrogen generated by the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 enters the fuel cell 50 through the output pipeline, and the fuel cell 50 starts to operate;

[0096] The first regulating valve 21 is closed, the water supplier 10 introduces water into the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 rises and enters the pressure building stage;

[0097] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than the output pressure, the first regulating valve 21 is opened, and the hydrogen generated in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the hydrogen generated in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 both enter the fuel cell 50 through the output pipeline, and the output pressure is less than the first hydrogen production pressure;

[0098] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is between the first hydrogen production pressure and the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve 31 is closed and the temperature controller 40 stops controlling the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage 30, and the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 enters the fuel cell 50 through the output pipeline;

[0099] When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the temperature controller 40 cools the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 to the second temperature. Part of the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 enters the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 through the second pipeline for absorption, and part of the hydrogen enters the fuel cell 50 through the output pipeline. When the pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is between the first hydrogen production pressure and the second hydrogen production pressure after the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 absorbs the hydrogen, the second regulating valve 31 is closed and the temperature controller 40 is closed.

[0100] In the present application, when the pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is between the output pressure and the first hydrogen production pressure, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 supply hydrogen at the same time, so as to avoid unstable hydrogen supply of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and avoid directly closing the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 to cause fluctuations in the hydrogen supply pressure. When the pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 reaches the first hydrogen production pressure, the hydrogen production of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is stable and the pressure is constant, and closing the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 at this time has little effect on the hydrogen supply pressure.

[0101] In some embodiments, the shutdown phase of the fuel cell 50 includes:

[0102] The output regulating valve is closed, and the fuel cell 50 is shut down;

[0103] The first regulating valve 21 and the second regulating valve 31 are opened, and the water supply device 10 is stopped from supplying water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20. The temperature controller 40 cools the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 to a third temperature. The solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20. When the hydrogen outlet pressure change value of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is less than the minimum pressure change value, the first regulating valve 21 and the second regulating valve 31 are closed.

[0104] In some embodiments, when the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 generates hydrogen, the water supply amount and water supply pressure of the water supplier 10 are adjusted according to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell 50 and the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 .

[0105] In some embodiments, when the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 is heated to release hydrogen, the heating temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 by the thermostat 40 is adjusted according to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell 50 and the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 .

[0106] In some embodiments, when the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 absorbs hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 , the cooling temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage 30 by the temperature controller 40 is adjusted according to the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 .

[0107] Exemplarily, there is provided a Figure 2 The hydrogen supply method of the fuel cell 50 device shown includes:

[0108] S10, the operation stage of the fuel cell 50, such as Figure 5 Shown

[0109] The fuel cell 50 starts to operate, the output regulating valve is opened, and the hydrogen supply unit is turned on;

[0110] S11, Hydrolysis hydrogen generator pressure building and solid hydrogen storage device hydrogen supply

[0111] Hydrogen supply stage of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30: the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 adjusts the heating temperature of the heater 41 to T1 according to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell 50, the platform pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is P2, and the hydrogen released by the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 enters the fuel cell 50;

[0112] The hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 enters the pressure building stage: the first regulating valve 21 is closed, and according to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell 50 and the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, the control module controls the water supply amount and water supply pressure of the water supplier 10 to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 gradually increases;

[0113] The outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is detected. If the outlet pressure is less than the output pressure P1, the pressure building stage of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is repeated.

[0114] S12, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 jointly supply hydrogen

[0115] If the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is between P1 and the first hydrogen production pressure P min When the temperature is between 0 and 100 °C, the first regulating valve 21 is opened, the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 starts to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 50, and the heating temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is adjusted to T3, and the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is P4, so that the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 50 at the same time;

[0116] S13, the hydrogen supply of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 are shut down

[0117] When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 reaches the first hydrogen production pressure P min and the second hydrogen production pressure P max When the temperature is between 0 and 100 °C, the second regulating valve 31 is closed, and the heating of the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is stopped, the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stops releasing hydrogen, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell 50;

[0118] S14, Hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 supplies hydrogen and solid hydrogen storage device 30 stores hydrogen

[0119] When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure P max When the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is cooled to T2 by the cooler 42, the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P3, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the excess hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20; when the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 drops to P min and P max After that, the second regulating valve 31 is closed, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stops absorbing hydrogen; if the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 continues to drop to P min Next, the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the solid hydrogen storage 30 is heated, so that the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage 30 supply hydrogen at the same time.

[0120] Among them, P1<P min <P max , P3<P min <P max , P min <P2<P4<P max The size relationship between P1 and P3 is uncertain and can be adjusted appropriately according to the hydrogen absorption situation and the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, T2<T1<T3.

[0121] S20, the shutdown phase of the fuel cell 50, such as Figure 6 Shown

[0122] The fuel cell 50 is shut down, the output regulating valve is closed, and the hydrogen supply system is shut down;

[0123] S21, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is shut down and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stores hydrogen

[0124] The water supplier 10 stops supplying water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 stops generating hydrogen; at the same time, the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the cooling temperature of the solid hydrogen storage 30 by the cooler 42 is adjusted according to the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20. When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than or equal to the second hydrogen production pressure P max , the cooling temperature of the cooler 42 is T2, the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P3, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20; when the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is less than P max , the cooling temperature of the cooler 42 is T4, the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P5, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20;

[0125] S22, hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and solid hydrogen storage device 30 are all shut down

[0126] When the pressure drop ΔP of the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 within the first time is less than the preset shutdown pressure P0, the first regulating valve 21 and the second regulating valve 31 are closed, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage 30 are both in the shutdown state.

[0127] Among them, P3<P5, T2<T4.

[0128] It should be noted that S11, S12, S13, S14, S21 and S22 in the present application only correspond to different hydrogen supply modes of the hydrogen supply unit during the operation stage of the fuel cell 50, rather than the sequence of steps.

[0129] Exemplarily, there is provided a Figure 3 The hydrogen supply method of the fuel cell 50 device shown includes:

[0130] S10, the operation stage of the fuel cell 50, such as Figure 7 Shown

[0131] The fuel cell 50 starts to operate, the output regulating valve is opened, and the hydrogen supply unit is turned on;

[0132] S11, Hydrogen production by hydrolysis, pressure building and solid hydrogen storage 30 for hydrogen supply

[0133] Hydrogen supply stage of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30: the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 adjusts the heating temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 by the first thermostat 25 to T1 through the heating regulating valve 45 according to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell 50, and the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is P2, and the hydrogen released by the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 enters the fuel cell 50;

[0134] The hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 enters the pressure building stage: the first regulating valve 21 is closed, and according to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell 50 and the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, the control module controls the water supply amount and water supply pressure of the water supplier 10 to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 gradually increases;

[0135] The outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is detected. If the outlet pressure is less than the output pressure P1, the pressure building stage of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is repeated.

[0136] S12, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 jointly supply hydrogen

[0137] If the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is between P1 and the first hydrogen production pressure P min When the temperature is between 0 and 100 °C, the first regulating valve 21 is opened, the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 starts to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 50, and the heating temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is adjusted to T1 through the heat supply regulating valve 45, and the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P2, so that the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 50 at the same time;

[0138] S13, the hydrogen supply of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 are shut down

[0139] When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 reaches the first hydrogen production pressure P min and the second hydrogen production pressure P max When the temperature is between 0 and 100 °C, the second regulating valve 31 is closed, and the heating of the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is stopped, the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stops releasing hydrogen, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell 50;

[0140] S14, Hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 supplies hydrogen and solid hydrogen storage device 30 stores hydrogen

[0141] When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure P max When the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is cooled to T2 by the cooler 42, the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P3, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the excess hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20; when the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 drops to P min and P maxAfter that, the second regulating valve 31 is closed, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stops absorbing hydrogen; if the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 continues to drop to P min Next, the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the solid hydrogen storage 30 is heated, so that the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage 30 supply hydrogen at the same time.

[0142] Among them, P1<P min <P max , P min <P2<P max , P3<P min <P max The size relationship between P1 and P3 is uncertain and can be adjusted appropriately according to the hydrogen absorption situation and the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, T2<T1.

[0143] S20, the shutdown phase of the fuel cell 50, such as Figure 8 Shown

[0144] The fuel cell 50 is shut down, the output regulating valve is closed, and the hydrogen supply system is shut down;

[0145] S21, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is shut down and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stores hydrogen

[0146] The water supplier 10 stops supplying water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 stops generating hydrogen; at the same time, the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the cooling temperature of the solid hydrogen storage 30 by the cooler 42 is adjusted according to the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20. When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than or equal to the second hydrogen production pressure P max , the cooling temperature of the cooler 42 is T2, the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P3, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20; when the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is less than P max , the cooling temperature of the cooler 42 is T3, the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P4, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20;

[0147] S22, hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and solid hydrogen storage device 30 are all shut down

[0148] When the pressure drop ΔP of the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 within the first time is less than the preset shutdown pressure P0, the first regulating valve 21 and the second regulating valve 31 are closed, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage 30 are both in the shutdown state.

[0149] Among them, P3<P4, T2<T3.

[0150] It should be noted that S11, S12, S13, S14, S21 and S22 in the present application only correspond to different hydrogen supply modes of the hydrogen supply unit during the operation stage of the fuel cell 50, rather than the sequence of steps.

[0151] Exemplarily, there is provided a Figure 4 The hydrogen supply method of the fuel cell 50 device shown includes:

[0152] S10, the operation stage of the fuel cell 50, such as Fig. 9 Shown

[0153] The fuel cell 50 starts to operate, the output regulating valve is opened, and the hydrogen supply unit is turned on;

[0154] S11, Hydrogen production by hydrolysis, pressure building and solid hydrogen storage 30 for hydrogen supply

[0155] Hydrogen supply stage of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30: the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 adjusts the heating temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 by the second thermostat 51 to T1 through the heating regulating valve 45 according to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell 50, and the hydrogen storage platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 is P2, and the hydrogen released from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 30 enters the fuel cell 50;

[0156] The hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 enters the pressure building stage: the first regulating valve 21 is closed, and according to the hydrogen supply demand of the fuel cell 50 and the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, the control module controls the water supply amount and water supply pressure of the water supplier 10 to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 gradually increases;

[0157] The outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is detected. If the outlet pressure is less than the output pressure P1, the pressure building stage of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is repeated.

[0158] S12, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 jointly supply hydrogen

[0159] If the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is between P1 and the first hydrogen production pressure P min When the temperature is between 0 and 100 °C, the first regulating valve 21 is opened, the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 starts to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 50, and the heating temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is adjusted to T3 by the heater 41 through the heat supply regulating valve 45, and the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P4, so that the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 50 at the same time;

[0160] S13, the hydrogen supply of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 are shut down

[0161] When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 reaches the first hydrogen production pressure P min and the second hydrogen production pressure Pmax When the temperature is between 0 and 100 °C, the second regulating valve 31 is closed, and the heating of the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is stopped, the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stops releasing hydrogen, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell 50;

[0162] S14, Hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 supplies hydrogen and solid hydrogen storage device 30 stores hydrogen

[0163] When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure P max When the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the heat regulating valve is used to adjust the pipeline with the heater 41 and the heater 41 is in the closed state, the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is cooled to T2 by the cooler 42, the platform pressure of the hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P3, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the excess hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20; when the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 drops to P min and P max After that, the second regulating valve 31 is closed, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stops absorbing hydrogen; if the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 continues to drop to P min Next, the second regulating valve 31 is opened, and the solid hydrogen storage 30 is heated, so that the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage 30 supply hydrogen at the same time.

[0164] Among them, P1<P min <P max , P min <P2<P4<P max , P3<P min <P max The size relationship between P1 and P3 is uncertain and can be adjusted appropriately according to the hydrogen absorption situation and the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, T2<T1<T3.

[0165] S20, the shutdown phase of the fuel cell 50, such as Fig.10 Shown

[0166] The fuel cell 50 is shut down, the output regulating valve is closed, and the hydrogen supply system is shut down;

[0167] S21, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is shut down and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 stores hydrogen

[0168] The water supplier 10 stops supplying water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 stops producing hydrogen; at the same time, the second regulating valve 31 is opened, the heat supply regulating valve is adjusted to the heat exchange pipeline with the heater 41, and the heater 41 is turned off. According to the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20, the cooling temperature of the cooler 42 for the solid hydrogen storage 30 is adjusted. When the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is greater than or equal to the second hydrogen production pressure P max, the cooling temperature of the cooler 42 is T2, the platform pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P3, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20; when the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 is less than P max , the cooling temperature of the cooler 42 is T4, the platform pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage device 30 is P5, and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20;

[0169] S22, hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and solid hydrogen storage device 30 are all shut down

[0170] When the pressure drop ΔP of the outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 within the first time is less than the preset shutdown pressure change value P0, the first regulating valve 21 and the second regulating valve 31 are closed, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator 20 and the solid hydrogen storage device 30 are both in the shutdown state.

[0171] Among them, P3<P5, T2<T4.

[0172] It should be noted that S11, S12, S13, S14, S21 and S22 in the present application only correspond to different hydrogen supply modes of the hydrogen supply unit during the operation stage of the fuel cell 50, rather than the sequence of steps.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first time may be 5 minutes to 10 minutes. Correspondingly, the preset shutdown pressure change value P0 is 1 kPa to 2 kPa.

[0174] The fuel cell device of the present application does not need to carry a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle. Hydrogen is provided by hydrolysis to avoid the danger of gas leakage caused by carrying a large-sized hydrogen storage bottle. Moreover, the reaction materials for hydrolysis to produce hydrogen are easy to load, and the reaction products are easy to take out. Compared with hydrogen storage tanks, it is easy to refill and replace in islands, coasts, ports and other places far away from hydrogen filling stations. In addition, solid hydrogen storage materials can be recycled. In other words, the application uses a coordinated hydrogen supply system of hydrolysis to produce hydrogen and solid hydrogen storage to make up for the defect that the hydrolysis hydrogen production system is difficult to respond quickly to the hydrogen pressure and flow rate under the variable load condition of the fuel cell 50 when working independently, and at the same time solves the hydrogen supply of the fuel cell 50 in the pressure building stage of hydrolysis hydrogen production and the absorption of low-pressure and low-flow hydrogen in the long-tail effect stage; solid-state hydrogen storage has a variety of temperature control methods according to actual needs to achieve effective and accurate control of the hydrogen storage platform pressure; hydrolysis hydrogen production recycles the product water of the fuel cell 50 stack to solve the storage problem of long-term tail water accumulation.

[0175] The present application broadens the selection routes and application modes of the fuel cell 50 hydrogen supply system, and is a fuel cell 50 hydrogen supply solution that can meet the requirements of long endurance, high safety and recyclability.

[0176] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0177] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell device, characterized in that: The fuel cell device comprises: A hydrogen supply unit comprises a hydrogen production module and a hydrogen storage module, wherein the hydrogen production module comprises a water supplier and a hydrolysis hydrogen producer, wherein the water supplier is used to provide water to the hydrolysis hydrogen producer, wherein the hydrolysis hydrogen producer is used to store hydrolysis hydrogen production materials and generate a hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction, wherein the hydrogen outlet of the hydrolysis hydrogen producer is connected to a first pipeline provided with a first regulating valve; the hydrogen storage module comprises a thermostat and a solid-state hydrogen storage, wherein the thermostat is used to control the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage, and regulate the hydrogen precipitation and absorption of the solid-state hydrogen storage, wherein the hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage is connected to a second pipeline provided with a second regulating valve; A fuel cell unit, comprising a fuel cell, wherein the first pipeline and the second pipeline are both connected to the fuel cell after being merged into an output pipeline, and an output regulating valve is arranged on the output pipeline; A control module, the control module is electrically connected to the water supply device, the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the output regulating valve respectively and independently, and the control module is used to independently regulate the water supply amount of the water supply device, the activation of the first regulating valve, the activation of the second regulating valve and the activation of the output regulating valve respectively; The hydrogen supply method of the fuel cell device comprises: During the operation phase of the fuel cell, the output regulating valve is opened, the first regulating valve is closed, the water supplier supplies water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator, and the hydrogen production and pressure building phase is entered; the second regulating valve is opened, the temperature controller heats the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell; When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the first hydrogen production pressure, the first regulating valve is opened, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell; the second regulating valve is closed, and the solid-state hydrogen storage stops producing hydrogen; When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve is opened, the temperature controller cools down the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs part of the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator; During the shutdown phase of the fuel cell, the output regulating valve is closed, the fuel cell stops running, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are opened, the temperature controller cools down the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator; Wherein, the second hydrogen production pressure is greater than the first hydrogen production pressure.

2. The fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first pipeline is also provided with a first pressure sensor, a one-way valve and a first filter; The first pressure sensor is arranged on the first pipeline between the first regulating valve and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator; The one-way valve and the first filter are arranged on the first pipeline between the first regulating valve and the output pipeline.

3. The fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that The second pipeline is also provided with a second pressure sensor and a second filter; The second pressure sensor is arranged on the second pipeline between the second regulating valve and the solid hydrogen storage device; The second filter is disposed on the second pipeline between the second regulating valve and the output pipeline.

4. The fuel cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The temperature controller includes a heater and a cooler, wherein the heater is used to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device and control the solid-state hydrogen storage device to release hydrogen into the fuel cell; The cooler is used to cool the solid-state hydrogen storage device and control the solid-state hydrogen storage device to absorb part of the hydrogen generated in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

5. The fuel cell device according to claim 4, characterized in that The hydrolysis hydrogen generator also includes a first thermostat, which is used to maintain the target temperature of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator during operation and to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

6. The fuel cell device according to claim 4, characterized in that The fuel cell unit further includes a second thermostat, which is used to maintain a target temperature of the fuel cell during operation and to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

7. A hydrogen supply method, using the fuel cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply method comprises: During the operation phase of the fuel cell, the output regulating valve is opened, the first regulating valve is closed, the water supplier supplies water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator, and the hydrogen production and pressure building phase is entered; the second regulating valve is opened, the temperature controller heats the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell; When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the first hydrogen production pressure, the first regulating valve is opened, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generator supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell; the second regulating valve is closed, and the solid-state hydrogen storage stops producing hydrogen; When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve is opened, the temperature controller cools down the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs part of the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator; During the shutdown phase of the fuel cell, the output regulating valve is closed, the fuel cell stops running, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are opened, the temperature controller cools down the solid-state hydrogen storage, and the solid-state hydrogen storage absorbs the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

8. The hydrogen supply method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fuel cell operation stage includes: The output regulating valve is opened, the hydrolysis hydrogen generator and the solid-state hydrogen storage are started, the temperature controller heats the solid-state hydrogen storage to a first temperature, and the second regulating valve is opened, the hydrogen generated by the solid-state hydrogen storage enters the fuel cell through the output pipeline, and the fuel cell starts to operate; the first regulating valve is closed, the water supplier introduces water into the hydrolysis hydrogen generator, and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator rises and enters the pressure building stage; When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the output pressure, the first regulating valve is opened, and the hydrogen generated in the hydrolysis hydrogen generator and the hydrogen generated in the solid hydrogen storage device both enter the fuel cell through the output pipeline, and the output pressure is less than the first hydrogen production pressure; When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is between the first hydrogen production pressure and the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve is closed and the thermostat stops controlling the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator enters the fuel cell through the output pipeline; When the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is greater than the second hydrogen production pressure, the second regulating valve is opened, and the temperature controller cools the solid-state hydrogen storage to the second temperature. Part of the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator enters the solid-state hydrogen storage through the second pipeline for absorption, and part of the hydrogen enters the fuel cell through the output pipeline. When the pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is between the first hydrogen production pressure and the second hydrogen production pressure after the solid-state hydrogen storage absorbs the hydrogen, the second regulating valve and the temperature controller are closed.

9. The hydrogen supply method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shutdown phase of the fuel cell includes: Closing the output regulating valve, and shutting down the fuel cell; The first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are opened, and the water supply device is stopped from supplying water to the hydrolysis hydrogen generator. The temperature controller cools the solid-state hydrogen storage device to a third temperature. The solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator. When the hydrogen outlet pressure change value of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator is less than the minimum pressure change value, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are closed.

10. The hydrogen supply method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply method also satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) When the hydrolysis hydrogen generator generates hydrogen, the water supply amount and water supply pressure of the water supplier are adjusted according to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell and the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator; (2) when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is heated to release hydrogen, the temperature at which the temperature controller heats the solid-state hydrogen storage device is adjusted according to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell and the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator; (3) When the solid-state hydrogen storage absorbs the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generator, the temperature controller adjusts the cooling temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage according to the hydrogen outlet pressure of the hydrolysis hydrogen generator.

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