A cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction regulation system and method

Abstract

This invention relates to a cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system and method. The main irrigation pipeline is connected to a drip irrigation pipe pre-buried in the raised cotton planting layer under the mulch film via a first solenoid valve. Concave water control ditches are set on both sides of the raised cotton planting layer, and an evaporation suppression filling layer is laid in the concave water control ditches. Several drainage collection heads are evenly arranged at the bottom of the concave water control ditches below the evaporation suppression filling layer. The bottom of the drainage collection heads is connected to a drainage horizontal pipe via a drainage riser. The drainage horizontal pipe is connected to a dual-purpose water collection pipe via a second solenoid valve. One end of the dual-purpose water collection pipe is connected to a collection tank. A dual-purpose drainage and control device is installed on the dual-purpose water collection pipe. By adopting a combination of water-saving irrigation, reasonable drainage, salt suppression and moisture retention, and canopy evaporation suppression, the system avoids excessive or insufficient water leading to boll shedding, which is beneficial to improving cotton yield and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of farmland irrigation regulation, specifically to a system and method for regulating evaporation and energy consumption reduction during the cotton flowering and boll-forming stage. Background Technology

[0002] The cotton flowering and boll-forming period refers to the time from cotton flowering to boll opening, generally from early July to late August or early September, lasting 45-60 days. This period is the most vigorous period of cotton growth and development, when it absorbs the most water, and it is also the key period that determines cotton yield. The flowering and boll-forming period can be divided into two stages: the initial flowering stage and the full bloom and boll-forming stage. The initial flowering stage lasts about 15 days and is the period of fastest vegetative growth in the life of cotton, while the full bloom and boll-forming stage is the period when reproductive growth accelerates significantly, and a large number of flowers and bolls are formed.

[0003] During the flowering and boll-forming stage, cotton growth and development are influenced by various factors, including sunlight, water, temperature, and fertilizer. Insufficient sunlight, excessive or insufficient water, and unfavorable conditions such as high or low temperatures can all lead to boll shedding, affecting cotton yield and quality. In the cotton-growing areas of Xinjiang and the Hexi Corridor in Gansu, my country, there is abundant light and heat resources, with one crop per year, and the planting areas are mostly saline-alkali land. This region is characterized by scarce water resources and is a typical oasis agricultural area. In addition, the flowering and boll-forming stage requires a lot of water, and the strong sunlight and high temperature make water evaporation very likely. The flowering and boll-forming stage is also the period when cotton has the highest water demand. When soil moisture is below 65%, drought is likely to occur, affecting the effectiveness of fertilizers and leading to premature aging of cotton plants and boll shedding.

[0004] Therefore, this invention provides a cotton boll-forming period evaporation suppression and consumption reduction control system and method that is simple in structure, easy to operate, highly efficient in water management, has a strong effect of suppressing evaporation and conserving moisture, integrates drip irrigation under the mulch film, adopts a multi-purpose method of one pipe, improves water-saving irrigation efficiency, has dry and wet regulation, effectively prevents excessive or insufficient water, and promotes high cotton yield. It has broad market prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a cotton boll-forming period evaporation suppression and consumption reduction control system and method that is simple in structure, easy to operate, highly efficient in water management, has a strong effect on suppressing evaporation and conserving moisture, integrates drip irrigation under the mulch film, adopts a multi-purpose approach to improve water-saving irrigation efficiency, has dry and wet regulation capabilities, effectively prevents excessive or insufficient water, and promotes high cotton yield. This system overcomes the deficiencies in existing technologies.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A cotton boll-forming period evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system includes a water collection tank, a pure water purifier connected to the water collection tank via a water pump, and a main irrigation pipe connected to the pure water purifier via a pressure stabilizing pump. The main irrigation pipe is connected to a drip irrigation pipe pre-buried in a raised cotton planting layer under the mulch film via a first solenoid valve. A recessed water control ditch is provided on both sides of the raised cotton planting layer. An evaporation suppression filling layer is laid in the recessed water control ditch. Several drainage collection heads are evenly arranged at the bottom of the recessed water control ditch below the evaporation suppression filling layer. The bottom of the drainage collection heads is connected to a drainage horizontal pipe via a drainage riser. The drainage horizontal pipe is connected to a dual-purpose water collection pipe via a second solenoid valve. One end of the dual-purpose water collection pipe is connected to the water collection tank. A dual-purpose drainage and control device is installed on the dual-purpose water collection pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the dual-purpose drainage and control device includes a third solenoid valve installed at the connection between the dual-purpose water collection pipe and the collection tank. The dual-purpose water collection pipe near the third solenoid valve is connected to the main irrigation pipe via a pipe equipped with a fourth solenoid valve. The main irrigation pipe between the fourth solenoid valve and the pressure-stabilizing pump is connected to a balanced dosing device via a dosing solenoid valve. The dual-purpose water collection pipe between the two horizontal drainage pipes is connected to a buried water transmission horizontal pipe via a fifth solenoid valve. Several buried water transmission risers are evenly connected to the upper part of the buried water transmission horizontal pipe. The top of the buried water transmission risers connects to the ground beneath the raised cotton planting layer. The buried water supply connector is connected. A soil moisture sensing probe is inserted into the raised cotton planting layer above the buried water supply connector. A horizontal pipe for delivering antievaporating agent is set on one side of the buried water supply horizontal pipe, which is connected to the dual-purpose water collection pipe through an antievaporating agent solenoid valve. Several antievaporating agent delivery vertical pipes are evenly set on the top of the antievaporating agent delivery horizontal pipe. The upper part of the antievaporating agent delivery vertical pipe is located on the outer side of the top of the raised cotton planting layer. A down-spraying atomizing nozzle is set on the top of the antievaporating agent delivery vertical pipe. The bottom of the down-spraying atomizing nozzle is a hemispherical structure with atomizing spray holes. A canopy temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the side of the antievaporating agent delivery vertical pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the water collection tank is evenly equipped with several overflow filter plates, a dual-purpose water collection pipe is connected to the top of one end of the water collection tank, and a water pump is located at the bottom of the other side of the water collection tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the raised cotton planting layer is an outwardly convex arc structure, and the mulch film covers the upper part of the raised cotton planting layer along the length direction. The two sides of the mulch film are set in the depression water control ditch and sealed with soil by the anti-evaporation landfill layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the drip irrigation pipe is connected to the first solenoid valve through a branch pipe. Two drip irrigation pipes are installed in each raised cotton planting layer. The two drip irrigation pipes are symmetrically distributed along the length of the raised cotton planting layer. An anti-blocking and seepage protection layer is wrapped around the outside of the drip irrigation pipe. The seepage holes opened on each drip irrigation pipe are all facing the center of the bottom of the raised cotton planting layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the depression water regulation ditch is a long trough-shaped structure with a downward-sloping bottom. The anti-evaporation landfill layer is made of sand or straw, and a soil erosion prevention protective layer is set on the outside of the drainage collection head, which is buried to the bottom of the anti-evaporation landfill layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the drainage collection head has a hemispherical structure and a water suction hole that is connected to the drainage riser.

[0013] Furthermore, the dual-purpose water collection pipe and the main irrigation pipe are located close to each other, with the main irrigation pipe situated above the dual-purpose water collection pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the buried water supply connector has a hemispherical structure, and an outlet hole connected to the buried water supply riser is provided on the buried water supply connector. The outside of the buried water supply connector is wrapped with a seepage-proof, anti-clogging, and flow-stabilizing protective layer.

[0015] A method for controlling evaporation and energy consumption reduction in the cotton boll-forming stage control system as described above, the method being as follows:

[0016] When heavy rainfall occurs, the soil moisture sensing probe detects a humidity value exceeding the preset range. Simultaneously, the second, fifth, and third solenoid valves open, while the fourth solenoid valve closes. Excess water from the outside enters the drainage riser through the drainage collection head, then flows into the drainage horizontal pipe, and finally into the dual-purpose water collection pipe. Ultimately, the excess water in the depression water control ditch is recycled to the collection tank. Excess water below the raised cotton planting layer seeps into the underground water supply connector, then into the underground water supply riser, then into the underground water supply horizontal pipe, and finally into the dual-purpose water collection pipe. Ultimately, the excess water below the raised cotton planting layer is recycled to the collection tank.

[0017] When the external temperature is high and the soil moisture sensor detects a humidity level below the preset range, the second, fifth, fourth, and third solenoid valves simultaneously close. A water pump draws water from the collection tank, after primary filtration, into a pure water purifier. After filtration by the purifier, the water is then pumped to the main irrigation pipeline via a pressure-stabilizing pump. The first solenoid valve opens, and the main irrigation pipeline delivers pure irrigation water to the drip irrigation pipes, providing drip irrigation to the surface layer of the planting area below the raised cotton planting layer. The mulch film inhibits evaporation, while a transpiration-suppressing landfill layer is also utilized. Evaporation suppression operations are carried out on the soil below the depression water control ditch. Evaporation suppression operations are carried out in high-temperature weather through mulch film and evaporation suppression landfill layer; or, the second, third and first solenoid valves are closed, and the fourth and fifth solenoid valves are opened. Pure water in the main irrigation pipeline enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe through the fourth solenoid valve, and then enters the buried water transmission horizontal pipe through the fifth solenoid valve from the dual-purpose water collection pipe. Then, it enters the buried water transmission vertical pipe from the buried water transmission horizontal pipe and is finally output from the buried water transmission joint to carry out buried irrigation operations in the deep layer of the planting area below the raised cotton planting layer.

[0018] When implementing root-based salt suppression and moisture retention operations, salt suppression and moisture retention solution is added to the equalizer according to the preset ratio. The second, third, and first solenoid valves are closed, while the fourth and fifth solenoid valves are opened. Pure water in the main irrigation pipe enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe through the fourth solenoid valve. At the same time, the dosing solenoid valve is opened, and the salt suppression and moisture retention solution in the equalizer is output evenly. The mixed solution eventually enters the buried horizontal water supply pipe, then enters the buried vertical water supply pipe, and finally exits through the buried water supply connector. This allows for buried root-based salt suppression and moisture retention operations to be implemented in the deep planting area below the raised cotton planting layer.

[0019] When implementing canopy evaporation suppression and water-saving operations, foliar evaporation inhibitors are added to the equalizer according to a preset ratio. The second, third, and fifth solenoid valves, as well as the first solenoid valve, are closed. The fourth solenoid valve and the evaporation inhibitor solenoid valve are opened. Pure water in the main irrigation pipe enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe through the fourth solenoid valve. At the same time, the dosing solenoid valve is opened, and the foliar evaporation inhibitor in the equalizer is output evenly. The mixture eventually enters the evaporation inhibitor delivery horizontal pipe, and then enters the evaporation inhibitor delivery vertical pipe. Finally, it is output by the downspray atomizing nozzle and sprayed onto the canopy leaves to implement above-ground canopy evaporation suppression and water-saving operations.

[0020] The present invention has the following positive effects:

[0021] 1. This invention employs drip irrigation pipes, mulch film, depression water control ditches, drainage collection heads, and dual-purpose water collection pipes to control irrigation water supply and drainage, achieving water-saving irrigation. The overall irrigation operation can be adjusted according to soil moisture. When the water volume is large and the soil moisture content is high, drainage operations are carried out in a timely manner; when the soil moisture is low, drip irrigation or underground irrigation operations are implemented. In the dry-sowing and wet-output water-saving irrigation mode for cotton fields during the fallow period, root zone targeted salt suppression and stress tolerance operations can be implemented to suppress salt and retain moisture in the root habitat. Based on the canopy temperature and humidity information, antitranspirants can be sprayed to implement canopy evaporation suppression and water-saving operations, ensuring that soil moisture does not evaporate too quickly in high-temperature weather, effectively improving water resource utilization. Excess water from heavy rainfall can also be efficiently drained from the field, avoiding excessive or insufficient water leading to boll shedding, which is beneficial to improving cotton yield and quality.

[0022] 2. The dual-purpose water collection pipe of this invention functions as a drainage pipe during drainage operations. Excess water collected through the drainage collection head and the underground water supply connector is recycled to the drainage horizontal pipe and the underground water supply horizontal pipe through the drainage riser and the underground water supply riser, respectively. Finally, it enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe through the second and fifth solenoid valves in the open state and is recycled to the collection tank. During irrigation operations, the dual-purpose water collection pipe is also called a temporary irrigation water supply pipe. The second, third, and first solenoid valves are closed, and the fourth and fifth solenoid valves are opened to form an underground irrigation passage. Water from the main irrigation pipe is introduced into the dual-purpose water collection pipe, and then pressure is output through the underground water supply connector to carry out underground irrigation operations at the cotton roots. It can also be used for drip irrigation operations at the top using drip irrigation pipes, and can also be used as a chemical addition pipeline. One pipe has multiple uses, realizing efficient irrigation control, improving water-saving efficiency, effectively saving water resources, and also effectively suppressing evaporation.

[0023] 3. This invention utilizes soil moisture sensing probes and canopy temperature and humidity sensors in conjunction with external weather conditions to effectively control and prevent evaporation during high-temperature weather. Combined with reasonable irrigation, efficient water-saving irrigation and evaporation suppression can be carried out simultaneously. Furthermore, integrated water, fertilizer, and pesticide application can be performed during irrigation operations. By utilizing the different installation depths of drip irrigation pipes and buried water delivery joints, and through a balanced pesticide dispenser to meet different integrated water, fertilizer, and pesticide irrigation needs, precise regulation and application can be implemented for different water, fertilizer, and pesticide requirements during the cotton flowering and boll-forming stages, thereby improving cotton yield and quality.

[0024] 4. The water collection tank of the present invention plays the role of recycling excess water when there is heavy rainfall. After filtration, it can provide water for irrigation operations. At the same time, it can also connect clean water sources to pressure pumps through external water supply to carry out irrigation operations. The water collection tank itself has multi-stage purification functions. Soil impurities mixed during drainage operations can be returned to the field after filtration and sedimentation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layered structure on the side of the raised cotton planting layer of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of the raised cotton planting layer structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the drainage horizontal pipe according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the drainage collection head of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the underground water supply connector of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is one of the structural diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention during operation.

[0032] Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention during operation. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. The term "connection" simply indicates a connection between devices and has no special meaning.

[0035] For specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, a cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system includes a water collection tank 1, a pure water purifier 3 connected to the water collection tank 1 via a water pump 2, and a main irrigation pipe 5 connected to the pure water purifier 3 via a pressure stabilizing pump 4. The main irrigation pipe 5 is connected to a drip irrigation pipe 8 pre-buried in a raised cotton planting layer 24 below a plastic film 23 via a first solenoid valve 7. Recessed water control ditches 25 are provided on both sides of the raised cotton planting layer 24. The depression water control ditch 25 is filled with an anti-evaporation landfill layer 26. Several drainage collection heads 14 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the depression water control ditch 25 below the anti-evaporation landfill layer 26. The bottom of the drainage collection head 14 is connected to the drainage horizontal pipe 12 through the drainage riser 21. The drainage horizontal pipe 12 is connected to the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 through the second solenoid valve 13. One end of the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 is connected to the water collection tank 1. A dual-purpose drainage and control device is installed on the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11. The dual-purpose drainage and control device includes a third solenoid valve 16 installed at the connection between the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 and the water collection tank 1. The dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 near the third solenoid valve 16 is connected to the main irrigation pipe 5 through a pipe equipped with a fourth solenoid valve 20. The main irrigation pipe 5 between the fourth solenoid valve 20 and the pressure stabilizing pump 4 is connected to a dosing solenoid valve 31 and a balanced dosing device 30. The dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 between the two drainage horizontal pipes 12 is connected to the buried water transmission horizontal pipe 17 through a fifth solenoid valve 15. Several buried water transmission risers 22 are evenly connected to the upper part of the buried water transmission horizontal pipe 17. The top of the buried water transmission risers 22 is connected to the buried water transmission risers located below the raised cotton planting layer 24. Water supply connector 29 is connected. A soil moisture sensing probe 18 is inserted into the raised cotton planting layer 24 above the buried water supply connector 29. A evaporator delivery horizontal pipe 32 is set on one side of the buried water supply horizontal pipe 17 and is connected to the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 through the evaporator solenoid valve 36. Several evaporator delivery vertical pipes 33 are evenly arranged on the top of the evaporator delivery horizontal pipe 32. The upper part of the evaporator delivery vertical pipe 33 is located on the outer side of the top of the raised cotton planting layer 24. A down-spraying atomizing nozzle 34 is set on the top of the evaporator delivery vertical pipe 33. The bottom of the down-spraying atomizing nozzle 34 is a hemispherical structure with atomizing nozzles 35. A canopy temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the side of the evaporator delivery vertical pipe 33.

[0036] During operation, the water collection tank 1 serves to recover excess water and provide water for irrigation. Several overflow filter plates 6 within the collection tank provide tiered filtration, mitigating soil sedimentation during water recovery. A primary filter screen is installed outside the water pump 2 for further filtration, and a pure water purifier 3 further filters the water to prevent blockage at the end of the output water pipe during irrigation. The first solenoid valve 7 opens, connecting the main irrigation pipe to the drip irrigation pipe. Drip irrigation is then performed from top to bottom under the mulch film 23, utilizing the mulch film 23 and the anti-evaporation landfill layer 26 for evaporation suppression. A depression water control ditch 25 is located on the side of the raised cotton planting layer 24, with cotton planted in the raised central area. Soil moisture sensors are interspersed among the cotton plants. The depression water control ditch 25 serves two purposes: firstly, it acts as a drainage collection ditch during periods of heavy rainfall; secondly, the anti-evaporation landfill layer 26 is placed on its surface. During drainage operations, excess water can be collected through the depression water control ditch 25 and introduced into the drainage riser 21 through the drainage collection head 14. At the same time, the anti-evaporation landfill layer 26 can be used to retain moisture in the soil below, preventing water waste and soil moisture reduction caused by excessive evaporation.

[0037] In actual operation, the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 has a dual function. Firstly, it collects drainage from the drainage horizontal pipe 12 and also collects excess water from the buried water supply horizontal pipe 17. When the third solenoid valve 16 is opened, the excess water is collected and flows into the water collection tank 1. The other function of the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 is to support irrigation of the cotton roots, root salt suppression and moisture retention, or canopy evaporation suppression and water conservation. When the third solenoid valve 16 is closed, water from the main pipe can be introduced into the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 through the fourth solenoid valve 20. After the second solenoid valve 13 is closed, the irrigation water will pass through the fifth solenoid valve 15 to the buried water supply horizontal pipe 17 and the buried water supply riser 22, and finally be output through the buried water supply connector 29 to carry out bottom-up buried infiltration irrigation at the cotton roots.

[0038] The water collection tank 1 is equipped with several overflow filter plates 6 evenly spaced. A dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 is connected to the top of one end of the water collection tank 1, and a water pump 2 is located at the bottom of the other side of the water collection tank 1. The raised cotton planting layer 24 adopts a curved structure with a raised top. A plastic film 23 covers the upper part of the raised cotton planting layer 24 along its length. The two sides of the plastic film 23 are located in the depression water control ditch 25 and are covered with soil by an anti-evaporation landfill layer 26. The drip irrigation pipes 8 are connected to the first solenoid valve 7 through branch pipes 10. Two drip irrigation pipes 8 are installed in each raised cotton planting layer 24. The two drip irrigation pipes 8 are symmetrically distributed along the length of the raised cotton planting layer 24. An anti-seepage protective layer 9 is wrapped around the outside of the drip irrigation pipes 8. The seepage holes on each drip irrigation pipe 8 are all facing the center of the bottom of the raised cotton planting layer 24.

[0039] The plastic film 23 completely covers the raised cotton planting layer 24, implementing an anti-evaporation effect to ensure that soil moisture under the film does not evaporate. The sides of the plastic film 23 are sealed with soil within the recessed water control ditch 25. Two drip irrigation pipes 8 irrigate the soil under the plastic film along the length of the raised cotton planting layer 24. The plastic film prevents rapid evaporation of water at high temperatures, effectively inhibiting evaporation. The anti-seepage protective layer 9 wrapped around the drip irrigation pipes 8 ensures uniform water penetration and protects the soil under the film during drip irrigation. This ensures that the drip irrigation water is directed towards the center of the bottom of the raised cotton planting layer 24.

[0040] The recessed water regulation ditch 25 is a long, trough-shaped structure with a downward-sloping bottom. The anti-evaporation landfill layer 26 is made of sand or straw. A soil erosion prevention protective layer 27 is installed on the outside of the drainage collection head 14, burying it to the bottom of the anti-evaporation landfill layer 26. The drainage collection head 14 is a hemispherical structure with a water intake hole 28 connected to the drainage riser 21. The dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 and the main irrigation pipe 5 are located close to each other, with the main irrigation pipe 5 located above the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11. The buried water supply connector 29 is a hemispherical structure with an outlet hole 30 connected to the buried water supply riser 22. The buried water supply connector 29 is wrapped with a seepage-proof, anti-clogging, and flow-stabilizing protective layer 19.

[0041] The depression water control ditch 25 is lined with sand or straw, or straw on top and sand below. The soil erosion prevention protective layer 27 acts as a filter for the soil and is made of palm fiber mats. It effectively protects the top of the drainage collection head 14, preventing soil from entering the water intake hole 28 and causing blockage, while also effectively ensuring the recovery of excess water. In the event of heavy rainfall, water can be quickly diverted through the depression water control ditch 25 to the drainage collection head 14 for recovery. The outside of the outlet hole 30 is wrapped with a seepage-proof and anti-clogging flow-stabilizing protective layer 19. When carrying out bottom buried irrigation operations, the seepage-proof and anti-clogging flow-stabilizing protective layer 19 can protect the bottom soil and prevent soil from clogging the outlet hole 30 during irrigation.

[0042] Example 1: As Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, when heavy rainfall occurs, the soil moisture sensing probe 18 detects a humidity range value exceeding the preset range. Simultaneously, the second solenoid valve 13, the fifth solenoid valve 15, and the third solenoid valve 16 open, while the fourth solenoid valve 20 closes. Excess water from the outside enters the drainage riser 21 through the drainage collection head 14, then flows into the drainage horizontal pipe 12, and finally into the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11. Ultimately, the excess water in the depression water control ditch 25 is recycled to the collection tank 1. Excess water below the raised cotton planting layer 24 permeates into the buried water supply connector 29, then into the buried water supply riser 22, then into the buried water supply horizontal pipe 17, and finally into the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11. Finally, the excess water below the raised cotton planting layer 24 is recycled to the collection tank 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the application scenario is heavy rainfall. Under heavy rainfall, the soil moisture is too high. When the soil moisture exceeds 70%, excessive water can cause boll shedding, affecting cotton yield and quality. Therefore, in this environment, efficient and rapid drainage is required to ensure that the field moisture can be reduced quickly and that excess water can be discharged smoothly. When the drainage operation is started, only the second solenoid valve 13 and the third solenoid valve 16 can be opened, or the fifth solenoid valve 15 and the third solenoid valve 16 can be opened, or the second solenoid valve 13, the fifth solenoid valve 15, and the third solenoid valve 16 can be opened simultaneously. When the second solenoid valve 13 and the third solenoid valve 16 are opened, the excess water flows through the depression water control ditch 25, and then is filtered through the evaporation suppression and landfill layer 26 and the soil loss prevention protection layer 27 before entering the drainage collection head 14 for recycling. When the fifth solenoid valve 15 and the third solenoid valve 16 are opened, the water in the soil below the raised cotton planting layer 24 is filtered and isolated by the infiltration anti-clogging and flow stabilizing protective layer 19 before slowly entering the water outlet and being recovered through the buried water supply connector 29. When the second solenoid valve 13, the fifth solenoid valve 15, and the third solenoid valve 16 are opened simultaneously, the drainage collection head 14 and the buried water supply connector 29 perform recovery operations on the upper and lower parts, respectively.

[0044] Example 2: Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, when the external temperature is high and the soil moisture sensing probe 18 detects a humidity range value less than the preset range, the second solenoid valve 13, the fifth solenoid valve 15, the fourth solenoid valve 20, and the third solenoid valve 16 simultaneously close. Water that has undergone primary filtration in the collection tank 1 is then introduced into the pure water purifier 3 via the water pump 2. After filtration by the pure water purifier 3, the water is then transported to the main irrigation pipeline 5 via the pressure stabilizing pump 4. The first solenoid valve 7 is then opened, and the pure irrigation water is transported from the main irrigation pipeline 5 to the drip irrigation pipe 8. Drip irrigation is then applied to the surface layer of the planting area below the raised cotton planting layer 24. The mulch film 23 is used to suppress evaporation, while the anti-evaporation landfill layer 2... Evaporation suppression is carried out on the soil below the depression water regulation ditch 25. Evaporation suppression is carried out under high temperature weather through the mulch film 23 and the evaporation suppression landfill layer 26. Alternatively, the second solenoid valve 13, the third solenoid valve 16 and the first solenoid valve 7 are closed, and the fourth solenoid valve 20 and the fifth solenoid valve 15 are opened. The pure water in the main irrigation pipe 5 enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 through the fourth solenoid valve 20, and then enters the buried water transmission horizontal pipe 17 through the fifth solenoid valve 15. Then, it enters the buried water transmission vertical pipe 22 through the buried water transmission horizontal pipe 17, and finally exits through the buried water transmission connector 29 to carry out buried irrigation operations on the deep layer of the planting area below the raised cotton planting layer 24.

[0045] In this embodiment, the application scenario is a hot and dry weather condition where soil moisture is excessive. When soil moisture is less than 70%, excessive water can cause boll shedding, affecting cotton yield and quality. Therefore, under such conditions, efficient and rapid irrigation is required to ensure that field moisture can rise quickly. When irrigation is started, only the first solenoid valve 7, or only the fifth solenoid valve 15 and the fourth solenoid valve 20, or all three can be opened simultaneously. When only the first solenoid valve 7 is opened, irrigation water enters the drip irrigation pipe 8 from the main irrigation pipe 5 through the first solenoid valve 7 to implement a top-down drip irrigation operation. When only the fifth solenoid valve 15 and the fourth solenoid valve 20 are opened, irrigation water enters from the main irrigation pipe 5 through the fourth solenoid valve 2 into the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11, and then enters the buried water transmission horizontal pipe 17 and the buried water transmission vertical pipe 22 through the fifth solenoid valve 15, and finally exits from the water outlet 30 set on the buried water transmission connector 29, thus implementing bottom-up infiltration buried irrigation operation.

[0046] Example 3, as Figure 7 , 8As shown in 1-6, when implementing root salt suppression and moisture retention operations, salt suppression and moisture retention solution is added to the equalizer 30 according to the preset ratio. The second solenoid valve 13, the third solenoid valve 16, and the first solenoid valve 7 are closed, and the fourth solenoid valve 20 and the fifth solenoid valve 15 are opened. Pure water in the main irrigation pipe 5 enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 through the fourth solenoid valve 20. At the same time, the dosing solenoid valve 31 is opened, and the salt suppression and moisture retention solution in the equalizer 30 is output evenly. The mixed solution finally enters the buried water supply horizontal pipe 17, and then enters the buried water supply vertical pipe 22 from the buried water supply horizontal pipe 17. Finally, it is output from the buried water supply connector 29, thus implementing buried root salt suppression and moisture retention operations in the deep planting area below the raised cotton planting layer 24.

[0047] In this embodiment, the salt-suppressing and moisture-retaining solution is rhamnolipin, potassium humate, or melatonin. In its application to manage saline-alkali soils and increase cotton yields in saline-alkali areas, an attempt was made to adjust the winter-spring irrigation and salt-replenishing mode in fallow cotton fields to a dry-sowing and wet-emergence mode, effectively reducing pre-sowing irrigation and improving water use efficiency. However, reduced irrigation during the sowing period will increase the rate of soil salt return during the growing season, increasing salt accumulation. Therefore, the dry-sowing and wet-emergence technology needs to be combined with root zone targeted salt-suppressing and stress-resistance technology to reduce soil salt accumulation during the growing season. Taking potassium humate as an example, the salt-suppressing and moisture-retaining solution application ratio is 2 kg / mu to ensure cotton's stress resistance and growth promotion.

[0048] Example 4, as Figure 7 , 8 As shown in Figures 1-6, when implementing canopy evaporation suppression and water-saving operations, foliar evaporation suppressant is added to the equalizer 30 according to a preset ratio. The second solenoid valve 13, the third solenoid valve 16, the fifth solenoid valve 15, and the first solenoid valve 7 are closed. The fourth solenoid valve 20 and the evaporation suppressant solenoid valve 36 are opened. Pure water in the main irrigation pipe 5 enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe 11 through the fourth solenoid valve 20. At the same time, the dosing solenoid valve 31 is opened, and the foliar evaporation suppressant in the equalizer 30 is output evenly. The mixed liquid finally enters the evaporation suppressant delivery horizontal pipe 32, and then enters the evaporation suppressant delivery vertical pipe 33. Finally, it is output by the downspray atomizing nozzle 34 and sprayed onto the canopy leaves to implement above-ground canopy evaporation suppression and water-saving operations.

[0049] In this embodiment, a canopy antitranspirant is sprayed. One of the main ways agricultural water is consumed is through plant transpiration. The roots of crops such as cotton absorb water from the soil and transpire it into the atmosphere through the stomata of the leaves. More than 99% of the water absorbed by crop roots is consumed through transpiration, with less than 1% remaining in the plant for metabolism and becoming part of the plant structure. The flowering and boll-forming stage of cotton is the peak period for water consumption. Spraying exogenous antitranspirants significantly reduces ineffective water consumption during this stage. In this embodiment, 50 μmol / mL ABA is sprayed on the leaves as an antitranspirant during the cotton flowering and boll-forming stage to reduce ineffective transpiration.

[0050] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cotton boll-forming period evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system, comprising a water collection tank (1), a pure water purifier (3) connected to the water collection tank (1) via a water pump (2), and a main irrigation pipeline (5) connected to the pure water purifier (3) via a pressure stabilizing pump (4), characterized in that: The main irrigation pipe (5) is connected to the drip irrigation pipe (8) embedded in the raised cotton planting layer (24) below the mulch film (23) via the first solenoid valve (7). Both sides of the raised cotton planting layer (24) are provided with recessed water control ditches (25). An anti-evaporation landfill layer (26) is laid inside the recessed water control ditches (25). Several drainage collection heads (14) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the recessed water control ditches (25) below the anti-evaporation landfill layer (26). The bottom of each drainage collection head (14) is connected to a drainage horizontal pipe (12) via a drainage riser (21). The drainage horizontal pipe (12) is connected to... The second solenoid valve (13) is connected to the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11), one end of which is connected to the water collection tank (1). A dual-purpose drainage and control device is installed on the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11). The dual-purpose drainage and control device includes a third solenoid valve (16) installed at the connection between the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) and the water collection tank (1). The dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) near the third solenoid valve (16) is connected to the main irrigation pipe (5) through a pipe with a fourth solenoid valve (20). The main irrigation pipe (5) between the fourth solenoid valve (20) and the pressure stabilizing pump (4) is connected to the main irrigation pipe (5). The dosing solenoid valve (31) is connected to the equalizing dosing device (30). The dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) between the two drainage horizontal pipes (12) is connected to the buried water supply horizontal pipe (17) through the fifth solenoid valve (15). Several buried water supply risers (22) are evenly connected to the upper part of the buried water supply horizontal pipe (17). The top of the buried water supply riser (22) is connected to the buried water supply connector (29) set below the raised cotton planting layer (24). A soil moisture sensing probe (18) is inserted into the raised cotton planting layer (24) above the buried water supply connector (29). The buried water supply horizontal pipe (17) A horizontal pipe (32) for delivering antievaporating agent is provided on one side, which is connected to a dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) via an antievaporating agent solenoid valve (36). Several antievaporating agent delivery risers (33) are evenly provided on the top of the antievaporating agent delivery risers (33). The upper part of the antievaporating agent delivery risers (33) is located on the outer side of the top of the raised cotton planting layer (24). A down-spraying atomizing nozzle (34) is provided on the top of the antievaporating agent delivery risers (33). The bottom of the down-spraying atomizing nozzle (34) is a hemispherical structure with atomizing nozzles (35). A canopy temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the side of the antievaporating agent delivery risers (33).

2. The cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection tank (1) is evenly equipped with several overflow filter plates (6), and the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) is connected to the top of one end of the water collection tank (1). The water pump (2) is located at the bottom of the other side of the water collection tank (1).

3. The cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the raised cotton planting layer (24) is an outwardly convex arc structure. The mulch film (23) covers the upper part of the raised cotton planting layer (24) along the length direction. The two sides of the mulch film (23) are set in the depression water control ditch (25) and sealed with soil by the anti-evaporation landfill layer (26).

4. The cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drip irrigation pipe (8) is connected to the first solenoid valve (7) through a branch pipe (10). Two drip irrigation pipes (8) are installed in each raised cotton planting layer (24). The two drip irrigation pipes (8) are symmetrically distributed along the length of the raised cotton planting layer (24). A waterproof protective layer (9) is wrapped around the outside of the drip irrigation pipe (8). The seepage holes opened on each drip irrigation pipe (8) are all facing the center of the bottom of the raised cotton planting layer (24).

5. The cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recessed water regulation ditch (25) is a long trough-shaped structure with a downward-sloping bottom. The anti-evaporation landfill layer (26) is made of sand or straw. A soil erosion prevention protective layer (27) is set on the outside of the drainage collection head (14) and buried to the bottom of the anti-evaporation landfill layer (26).

6. The cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage collection head (14) is a hemispherical structure, and a water suction hole (28) connected to the drainage riser (21) is provided on the drainage collection head (14).

7. The cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) and the main irrigation pipe (5) are located close to each other, with the main irrigation pipe (5) located above the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11).

8. The cotton boll-forming stage evaporation suppression and energy consumption reduction control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buried water supply connector (29) is a hemispherical structure. A water outlet hole connected to the buried water supply riser (22) is provided on the buried water supply connector (29). The buried water supply connector (29) is wrapped with a seepage prevention and flow stabilization protective layer (19).

9. A method for controlling evaporation and energy consumption reduction in a cotton boll-forming stage control system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method is as follows: When heavy rainfall occurs, the soil moisture sensing probe (18) detects that the humidity range exceeds the preset range. At this time, the second solenoid valve (13), the fifth solenoid valve (15), and the third solenoid valve (16) open simultaneously, while the fourth solenoid valve (20) closes. Excess water from the outside enters the drainage riser (21) through the drainage collection head (14), then enters the drainage horizontal pipe (12) through the drainage riser (21), and finally enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) through the drainage horizontal pipe (12), thus regulating the depression water. The excess water in the ditch (25) is collected into the collection pool (1). The excess water below the raised cotton planting layer (24) seeps into the underground water supply connector (29), then enters the underground water supply riser (22) from the underground water supply connector (29), then enters the underground water supply horizontal pipe (17) from the underground water supply horizontal pipe (17), and then enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) from the underground water supply horizontal pipe (17). Finally, the excess water below the raised cotton planting layer (24) is collected into the collection pool (1). When the external temperature is high and the soil moisture sensing probe (18) detects a humidity range value less than the preset range, the second solenoid valve (13), the fifth solenoid valve (15), the fourth solenoid valve (20), and the third solenoid valve (16) are closed simultaneously. Water that has undergone primary filtration in the collection tank (1) is introduced into the pure water purifier (3) by the water pump (2). After being filtered by the pure water purifier (3), the water is then transported to the main irrigation pipeline (5) by the pressure stabilizing pump (4). The first solenoid valve (7) is opened, and the pure irrigation water is transported to the drip irrigation pipe (8) by the main irrigation pipeline (5) to carry out drip irrigation on the surface of the planting area under the raised cotton planting layer (24). The mulch film (23) is used to suppress evaporation, and the anti-evaporation landfill layer (26) is used to regulate the depression water. Evaporation suppression operations are carried out on the soil below the ditch (25). Evaporation suppression operations are carried out under high temperature weather through the mulch film (23) and the evaporation suppression landfill layer (26); or, the second solenoid valve (13), the third solenoid valve (16) and the first solenoid valve (7) are closed, and the fourth solenoid valve (20) and the fifth solenoid valve (15) are opened. The pure water in the main irrigation pipe (5) enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) through the fourth solenoid valve (20), and then enters the buried water transmission horizontal pipe (17) through the fifth solenoid valve (15) from the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11), and then enters the buried water transmission riser pipe (22) from the buried water transmission horizontal pipe (17), and finally outputs from the buried water transmission connector (29) to carry out buried irrigation operations in the deep layer of the planting area below the raised cotton planting layer (24); When implementing root salt suppression and moisture retention operations, salt suppression and moisture retention liquid is added to the equalizer (30) according to the preset ratio. The second solenoid valve (13), the third solenoid valve (16) and the first solenoid valve (7) are closed, and the fourth solenoid valve (20) and the fifth solenoid valve (15) are opened. The pure water in the main irrigation pipe (5) enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) through the fourth solenoid valve (20). At the same time, the dosing solenoid valve (31) is opened, and the salt suppression and moisture retention liquid in the equalizer (30) is output evenly. The mixed liquid finally enters the buried water supply horizontal pipe (17), and then enters the buried water supply vertical pipe (22) through the buried water supply horizontal pipe (17). Finally, it is output through the buried water supply connector (29) to carry out buried root salt suppression and moisture retention operations in the deep planting area under the raised cotton planting layer (24). When implementing canopy evaporation suppression and water-saving operations, foliar evaporation suppressant is added to the equalizer (30) according to the preset ratio. The second solenoid valve (13), the third solenoid valve (16), the fifth solenoid valve (15) and the first solenoid valve (7) are closed. The fourth solenoid valve (20) and the evaporation suppressant solenoid valve (36) are opened. Pure water in the main irrigation pipe (5) enters the dual-purpose water collection pipe (11) through the fourth solenoid valve (20). At the same time, the dosing solenoid valve (31) is opened. The foliar evaporation suppressant in the equalizer (30) is output evenly. The mixture finally enters the evaporation suppressant delivery horizontal pipe (32), and then enters the evaporation suppressant delivery vertical pipe (33) through the evaporation suppressant delivery horizontal pipe (32). Finally, it is output by the downspray atomizing nozzle (34) and sprayed onto the canopy leaves to implement ground canopy evaporation suppression and water-saving operations.

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