A saline-alkali land improver developed based on carboxymethyl cellulose and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali land improver and a preparation method based on carboxymethyl cellulose, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement. The raw materials of the saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose of the present invention are measured by mass, including: 25-35 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 30-50 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-15 parts of fulvic acid, 70-90 parts of modified zeolite powder, 10-15 parts of shell powder and 1-3 parts of vitamin C. The saline-alkali land improver developed based on carboxymethyl cellulose of the present invention can give full play to the modification effect of carboxymethyl cellulose, prolong the stability of CMC, help increase the water retention performance of soil, improve soil viscosity, thereby improving the tolerance of crops to the extreme environment of saline-alkali land, and there is no need to add water retaining agent or other related slow-release components, and has good application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a saline-alkali land improver developed based on carboxymethyl cellulose and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to a type of soil where the salt content and alkalinity of the soil will affect the normal growth and development of crops. + The saturation is high, which will affect the normal growth of crops. Moreover, saline-alkali land usually has the characteristics of being sticky when wet and hard when dry, with poor ventilation and water permeability and low soil porosity, which will lead to slow growth and development of crops and even plant death. In order to reduce the salinity of saline-alkali soil, improve soil fertility and water retention capacity, improve the ecological environment of saline-alkali land, and provide convenience for agricultural production, adding suitable saline-alkali soil conditioners is one of the improvement methods.

[0003] As a cellulose ether raw material, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has good thickening, film-forming, bonding, and water retention properties. CMC can reduce the salinity of saline-alkali soil by improving soil viscosity and water retention. However, when the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose added to the soil is small, its effect on improving soil structure and properties is not particularly obvious, which may lead to unsatisfactory improvement effects; when the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose added is too much, due to the gradual accumulation of CMC itself and its decomposition products, it may cause the salt content in the soil to further increase, thereby affecting the soil ecological environment, and even too much salt will enter the groundwater layer with the flow of water, affecting the groundwater quality. Moreover, although the glucose produced by the decomposition of carboxymethyl cellulose can play a role in improving the activity of microorganisms in the soil, due to the rapid decomposition and conversion rate of CMC in the alkaline environment of saline-alkali land, its action time in the soil needs to be improved.

[0004] Therefore, how to modify the soil through carboxymethyl cellulose and further improve the working performance of saline-alkali soil conditioners still needs further research. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a saline-alkali land improver developed based on carboxymethyl cellulose and a preparation method to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background technology. The saline-alkali land improver developed based on carboxymethyl cellulose of the present invention can give full play to the modification effect of carboxymethyl cellulose, prolong the stability of CMC, help increase the water retention performance of the soil, improve the soil viscosity, thereby improving the tolerance of crops to the extreme environment of saline-alkali land, and does not require the addition of water retaining agents or other related slow-release components, and has good application value.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the raw materials, calculated by weight, include:

[0008] 25-35 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 30-50 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-15 parts of fulvic acid, 70-90 parts of modified zeolite powder, 10-15 parts of shell powder and 1-3 parts of vitamin C.

[0009] When the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose added in the present invention is less than the range specified by the present invention, the improvement effect may be poor because the efficacy of the carboxymethyl cellulose cannot be fully exerted; when the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose added in the present invention is higher than the range specified by the present invention, it may further affect the salt content in the soil and have an adverse effect on saline-alkali land.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified zeolite powder is: after calcining the zeolite powder at 450-600° C. for 0.5-1 h, transferring the zeolite powder into a sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate solution with a concentration of 12-20 g / mL, stirring for 15-30 min to obtain the modified zeolite powder.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the zeolite powder to the sodium dodecyl diphenyl oxide disulfonate solution is 1:2-5.

[0012] Preferably, it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0013] 31 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 47 parts of phosphogypsum, 23 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of fulvic acid, 82 parts of modified zeolite powder, 15 parts of shell powder and 3 parts of vitamin C.

[0014] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The phosphogypsum, modified zeolite powder and shell powder are mixed in proportion, dried, crushed, and then mixed with the remaining raw materials to obtain the saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0016] Preferably, the drying is performed to a water content of 3-8 wt %.

[0017] Preferably, the pulverization is performed until the product passes through a 25-50 mesh sieve.

[0018] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose in the field of saline-alkali land soil improvement.

[0019] The fourth technical solution of the present invention: provides a method for improving the soil quality of saline-alkali land, using the above-mentioned saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose as an improvement component; the dosage of the saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose is 70-90kg / mu.

[0020] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The saline-alkali land conditioner developed based on carboxymethyl cellulose can give full play to the modification effect of carboxymethyl cellulose, prolong the stability of CMC, help increase the water retention performance of the soil, and improve the soil viscosity, thereby improving the tolerance of crops to the extreme environment of saline-alkali land, and does not need to add additional water-retaining agents or other related slow-release components, so it has good application value.

[0022] The phosphogypsum added in the present invention can release nutrients such as organic matter, quick-acting nitrogen, effective phosphorus, and quick-acting potassium fixed in the soil, increase the nutrient content of the soil, promote desalination, reduce the alkalinity of saline-alkali land, and increase the permeability of the cultivated layer of soil, further improving soil quality.

[0023] Ferrous sulfate can react with alkaline salts in the soil to neutralize, lower the pH value by accelerating salt excretion, and increase soil permeability, thereby further improving the stability of carboxymethyl cellulose in the solution.

[0024] Fulvic acid has a high cation exchange capacity, which can significantly improve the soil's ability to adsorb anions, reduce the surface salt content, change the soil structure, promote the formation of soil aggregates, and create good conditions for the growth and development of plant roots. At the same time, fulvic acid also has certain antioxidant properties, which can prolong the stability of CMC.

[0025] The introduction of zeolite powder can convert harmful salts in the soil into potassium, calcium and other ions that are more beneficial to plant growth through the ion exchange mechanism, thereby reducing the soil salt concentration. After calcination, the bound water and hydroxide ions in the zeolite powder are gradually removed, and the specific surface area is further increased, which can improve the soil aeration and water retention to a greater extent, improve the soil aggregate structure, and is beneficial to plant root development and nutrient absorption. Sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate has strong anionic properties and can effectively interact with the zeolite surface, thereby making the modified zeolite powder have stronger ammonia nitrogen adsorption efficiency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Now, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and this detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.

[0029] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in the present invention are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0030] The average particle size of the carboxymethyl cellulose used in the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention is 50 μm.

[0031] The average particle size of the zeolite powder used in the following embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention is 15 μm, and the specific surface area is about 133 m 2 / kg.

[0032] All raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention are commercially available products.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A saline-alkali land improver, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0035] 31 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 47 parts of phosphogypsum, 23 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of fulvic acid, 82 parts of modified zeolite powder, 15 parts of shell powder and 3 parts of vitamin C.

[0036] The preparation method of modified zeolite powder is as follows: the zeolite powder is placed in a muffle furnace, calcined at 550°C for 45 minutes under an argon atmosphere, taken out and poured into a 18g / mL sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate solution, stirred for 20 minutes, filtered, and dried to a water content of less than 5wt% to obtain modified zeolite powder.

[0037] Preparation of saline-alkali land improver:

[0038] The phosphogypsum, modified zeolite powder and shell powder are mixed in proportion, dried to a water content of 3wt%, then crushed to pass through a 50-mesh sieve, and then mixed with the remaining raw materials to obtain the saline-alkali land improver.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A saline-alkali land improver, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0041] 26 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 30 parts of phosphogypsum, 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of fulvic acid, 70 parts of modified zeolite powder, 10 parts of shell powder and 1 part of vitamin C.

[0042] The preparation method of modified zeolite powder is as follows: the zeolite powder is placed in a muffle furnace, calcined at 450°C for 30 minutes under an argon atmosphere, taken out and poured into a 15g / mL sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate solution, stirred for 15 minutes, filtered, and dried to a water content of less than 5wt% to obtain modified zeolite powder.

[0043] Preparation of saline-alkali land improver:

[0044] The phosphogypsum, modified zeolite powder and shell powder are mixed in proportion, dried to a water content of 8wt%, then crushed to pass through a 25-mesh sieve, and then mixed with the remaining raw materials to obtain the saline-alkali land improver.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] The only difference from Example 1 is that the addition of modified zeolite powder is omitted and an equal mass of zeolite powder is supplemented (ie, zeolite powder is directly used as raw material).

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] The only difference from Example 1 is that the added amount of carboxymethyl cellulose is changed to 15 parts, and an equal mass of zeolite powder is supplemented (that is, the raw materials of the saline-alkali land improver are changed to: 15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 47 parts of phosphogypsum, 23 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of fulvic acid, 98 parts of modified zeolite powder, 15 parts of shell powder and 3 parts of vitamin C).

[0049] Comparative Example 3

[0050] The only difference from Example 1 is that the addition of ferrous sulfate is omitted and an equal mass of phosphogypsum is supplemented.

[0051] Comparative Example 4

[0052] The only difference from Example 1 is that the addition of fulvic acid is omitted.

[0053] Effect verification

[0054] (1) A piece of moderately salinized cultivated land was selected in Ningxia as the experimental site, and then 7 plots with an area of ​​30 m2 were randomly selected from it. 2 In the residential area, soil improvement tests are carried out.

[0055] The specific test method is: 3.5 kg of the saline-alkali land improver prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are evenly sprinkled in each plot, and then deep plowed (depth 40-45 cm) with a rotary tiller, and the plot without treatment is used as a blank control (CK group); 6 days after the application of the saline-alkali land improver, soybean seeds are evenly planted in the plot according to local planting habits, and managed under the same conditions (the type of fertilizer applied during the period is a conventional inorganic fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 2:1:1) until harvest. The EC value of the soil at a depth of 50 cm was tested 14 days and 30 days after the application of the saline-alkali land improver, and the soil pH value and available phosphorus content on the 30th day were tested. The test results are shown in Table 1. The seedling growth rate, yield, and yield increase rate were statistically analyzed, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0056] The formula for calculating the seedling growth rate is: Seedling growth rate (%) = (number of soybean seedlings in the experimental group / number of soybean seedlings in the CK group) × 100%

[0057] The calculation formula of the yield increase rate is: yield increase rate (%) = (yield of the experimental group - yield of the CK group / yield of the CK group) × 100%

[0058] Table 1

[0059]

[0060] From the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 in Table 1, it can be seen that when the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose added is small, it is also not conducive to the final saline-alkali land improvement effect.

[0061] Table 2

[0062] Seedling growth rate (%) Output(kg) Yield increase rate (%) Example 1 38.2 8.93 46.2 Comparative Example 1 17.5 6.92 13.3 Comparative Example 2 20.6 7.35 20.3 Comparative Example 3 22.8 7.29 19.3 Comparative Example 4 19.4 7.03 15.1 CK group / 6.11 /

[0063] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose, characterized in that: The raw materials are calculated by mass: 25-35 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 30-50 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-15 parts of fulvic acid, 70-90 parts of modified zeolite powder, 10-15 parts of shell powder and 1-3 parts of vitamin C; The preparation method of the modified zeolite powder is as follows: calcining the zeolite powder at 450-600° C. for 0.5-1 h, transferring the zeolite powder into a sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate solution having a concentration of 12-20 g / mL, and stirring for 15-30 min to obtain the modified zeolite powder; The mass ratio of the zeolite powder to the sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate solution is 1:2-5.

2. The saline-alkali land improving agent containing carboxymethyl cellulose according to claim 1, characterized in that It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 31 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 47 parts of phosphogypsum, 23 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of fulvic acid, 82 parts of modified zeolite powder, 15 parts of shell powder and 3 parts of vitamin C.

3. A method for preparing a saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The phosphogypsum, modified zeolite powder and shell powder are mixed in proportion, dried, crushed, and then mixed with the remaining raw materials to obtain the saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drying step is drying to a water content of 3-8 wt %.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulverization is performed until the powder passes through a 25-50 mesh sieve.

6. Use of the saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose according to any one of claims 1 to 2 in the field of saline-alkali land soil improvement.

7. A method for improving the soil quality of saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose described in any one of claims 1-2 is used as the improving component; the dosage of the saline-alkali land improver containing carboxymethyl cellulose is 70-90 kg / mu.

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