A drill string stick-slip vibration test bench and test method

Abstract

The present application provides a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench and an experimental method. The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench includes a stick-slip vibration generating device and a vibration monitoring device. The stick-slip vibration generating device includes a drill string system, and a drilling pressure adjustment component, a brake component and a speed adjustment component connected to the drill string system. The drill string system includes a drill rod, a drill collar and a drill bit. One end of the drill rod is connected to the speed adjustment component, and the other end is connected to the drill collar. The end of the drill collar away from the drill rod is connected to the drill bit. The stick-slip vibration generating device also includes a simulated rock component, which is used to interact with the drill bit to simulate the drill bit drilling the rock. The vibration monitoring device includes a force sensor and a vibration sensor. Since the rock used in the experiment is a simulated rock component, the simulated rock component with the same characteristics can be replicated multiple times to conduct multiple experiments to avoid poor experimental repeatability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of drilling experiments, and in particular relates to a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] Drilling engineering is an important part of developing oil and natural gas resources, and the drill string is one of the core components of the drilling system. During the drilling process, the rotary table or top drive that continuously rotates on the ground inputs energy into the drill string system. This energy is transmitted from the wellhead to the drill bit at the bottom of the well through the drill string. The drill bit directly interacts with the formation under the weight of the bottom hole assembly (BHA) and the torque transmitted by the drill string, cutting the rock and forming a wellbore. The rock cuttings broken by the drill bit are carried out of the wellbore by the drilling fluid, completing the drilling process.

[0003] The drill string system has a large aspect ratio and low stiffness, which makes it easy to cause stick-slip vibration. Stick-slip vibration is an extreme case of torsion and vibration of the drill string system. It means that during the drilling process, when the drill bit remains sticky and stationary due to the inability to overcome the formation resistance, the turntable or top drive continues to input energy into the drill string system. When the energy accumulated in the drill string is enough to break the sticky state, the drill bit instantly enters a high-speed rotation state under the huge driving force. This vibration not only wastes energy at the drill bit, but also easily causes the bottom drilling tool to fail prematurely, affecting drilling efficiency and increasing development costs. As the development of oil and gas resources enters the deep well and ultra-deep well stage, the rock strength increases, and the larger aspect ratio increases the flexibility of the drill string, making the drill string more prone to stick-slip vibration. The study of stick-slip vibration has become a hot issue in the engineering community.

[0004] The stick-slip vibration test bench is designed based on the dynamic equation of the drill string system through dimensional analysis. The experiment can reproduce various phenomena in drilling operations. It is an efficient, convenient, reliable and low-cost research method, and has become an important means to study stick-slip vibration.

[0005] The existing drill string stick-slip vibration test bench stimulates stick-slip vibration by adjusting operating parameters such as drilling pressure and rotation speed. However, the characteristics of the rock samples used in each experiment are different, resulting in poor experimental repeatability. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench, which aims to solve the problem of poor experimental repeatability during the experiment of the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench due to differences in the characteristics of the rock samples used in each experiment.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented by the following method:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench, the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench comprising:

[0009] A stick-slip vibration generating device, comprising a drill string system, a simulated rock component, and a drilling pressure adjustment component, a brake component, and a speed adjustment component connected to the drill string system, wherein the drill string system comprises a drill rod, a drill collar, and a drill bit, wherein one end of the drill rod is connected to the speed adjustment component, and the other end is connected to the drill collar, and the end of the drill collar away from the drill rod is connected to the drill bit, and the simulated rock component is used to interact with the drill bit to simulate the drill bit drilling rock;

[0010] The vibration monitoring device includes a force sensor and a vibration sensor. The force sensor is used to detect the pressure and torque applied to the simulated rock assembly. The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench includes a main controller, and the main controller is connected to the drilling pressure adjustment component, the brake component, the speed adjustment component, and the vibration monitoring device.

[0012] Furthermore, the simulated rock assembly includes a base, a convex component and a flat component;

[0013] The base is a plane, and is provided with a plurality of concave slideways, the slideways are arranged in an array, and the convex component, the plane component and the slideways can be detachably connected;

[0014] When the convex component is connected to the slideway, the convex component protrudes from the base. The convex component has multiple models, and the protrusion heights of the convex components of different models are different;

[0015] When the plane component is connected to the slideway, the plane component is flush with the upper surface of the base.

[0016] Further, the convex component includes a raised portion and a first connecting portion;

[0017] The raised portion includes a first upper surface and a first lower surface, the first upper surface is an arc-shaped surface raised upward, and the first lower surface is a plane;

[0018] The first connection portion is connected to the first lower surface, and the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first lower surface is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first connection portion, and the shape of the first connection portion is adapted to the shape of the slideway;

[0019] When the first connection portion is connected to the slideway, the first lower surface is in contact with the base.

[0020] Furthermore, the first connecting portion is provided with a retractable first latch and a first button for controlling the retraction of the first latch;

[0021] The length of the first connection part is smaller than the length of the slideway. When the first connection part is connected to the slideway, both sides and the bottom of the first connection part are in contact with the inner wall of the slideway, and a gap is formed between the front end surface of the first connection part and the front end surface of the slideway, and / or a gap is formed between the rear end surface of the first connection part and the rear end surface of the slideway.

[0022] The first button is arranged on the front end surface or the rear end surface of the first connecting portion, and the first tenon is arranged on both sides of the first connecting portion.

[0023] Further, the planar component includes a second upper surface and a second lower surface, and the second upper surface and the second lower surface are both planes;

[0024] The shape of the plane component is adapted to the shape of the slideway;

[0025] When the planar component is connected to the slideway, the second upper surface is flush with the upper surface of the base.

[0026] Furthermore, the planar component is provided with a retractable second tenon and a second button for controlling the retraction of the second tenon;

[0027] The length of the plane component is smaller than the length of the slideway. When the plane component is connected to the slideway, both sides and the bottom of the plane component are in contact with the inner wall of the slideway, and there is a gap between the front end surface of the plane component and the front end surface of the slideway, and / or there is a gap between the rear end surface of the plane component and the rear end surface of the slideway.

[0028] The second button is arranged on the front end surface or the rear end surface of the planar component, and the second tenon is arranged on both sides of the planar component.

[0029] Further, the brake assembly includes an oil delivery system, a brake system and a hydraulic controller;

[0030] The oil delivery system includes a connected oil delivery pipeline and a brake pump, and the brake pump is connected to the hydraulic controller signal;

[0031] The brake system comprises a brake caliper and a brake disc, wherein the brake caliper is provided with a cavity, two pistons, and two friction pairs, wherein the cavity is connected to the oil pipeline, one end of the two pistons is connected to the cavity, and the other end of the two pistons is connected to the two friction pairs, and the two friction pairs are arranged opposite to each other, and a brake space is provided between the two friction pairs, and the brake disc is connected to the drill collar, and the brake disc extends to the brake space and is located between the two friction pairs;

[0032] When the piston moves, the size of the braking space changes with the movement of the piston to change the braking force on the brake disc.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a drill string stick-slip vibration test method, which is applied to the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench as described in any of the first aspects, and the test method comprises:

[0034] The pressure, braking force and speed of the drill string system are respectively adjusted by the drilling pressure adjustment component, the brake component and the speed adjustment component;

[0035] The pressure and torque of the simulated rock assembly are detected by a force sensor, and the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction, are detected by a vibration sensor;

[0036] The experimental results are determined based on the pressure and torque to which the simulated rock assembly is subjected, as well as the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, and the rotation speed in the torsional direction.

[0037] Furthermore, before the step of respectively adjusting the pressure, braking force and rotation speed of the drill string system by the drilling pressure adjustment assembly, the brake assembly and the rotation speed adjustment assembly, the experimental method includes a bench design step, and the bench design step includes:

[0038] Determine the axial vibration excitation, lateral vibration excitation, and torsional vibration excitation required for the drill string system according to experimental requirements;

[0039] The protrusion height of the convex component in the simulated rock assembly and the distance between two adjacent convex components are determined according to the axial vibration excitation, the lateral vibration excitation, and the torsional vibration excitation.

[0040] Further, after the bench design step, the experimental method includes a preliminary experimental step, and the preliminary use step includes:

[0041] Adjust the drilling pressure adjustment component, the brake component and the speed adjustment component to detect whether the pressure, braking force and speed of the drill string system are within the first expected change;

[0042] If the first expected change occurs, the pressure and torque of the simulated rock assembly are detected, and the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction are detected;

[0043] Determining whether the pressure and torque on the simulated rock assembly, the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, and the rotation speed in the torsional direction are within the second expected change;

[0044] If the second expected change occurs, the experimental method as claimed in claim 9 is performed;

[0045] If it is not within the first expected change or the second expected change, at least one of the following steps needs to be performed:

[0046] Adjusting the protruding height of the convex component in the simulated rock assembly and the distance between two adjacent convex components;

[0047] Replace or overhaul the drilling pressure adjustment assembly;

[0048] Replace or overhaul brake components;

[0049] Replace or repair the speed regulating assembly.

[0050] The present application discloses a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench, including a stick-slip vibration generating device and a vibration monitoring device. The stick-slip vibration generating device includes a drill string system, and a drilling pressure regulating assembly, a brake assembly and a speed regulating assembly connected to the drill string system. The drill string system includes a drill pipe, a drill collar and a drill bit. One end of the drill pipe is connected to the speed regulating assembly, and the other end is connected to the drill collar. The end of the drill collar away from the drill pipe is connected to the drill bit. The stick-slip vibration generating device also includes a simulated rock assembly, which is used to interact with the drill bit to simulate the drill bit drilling the rock. The vibration monitoring device includes a force sensor and a vibration sensor. Since the rock used in the experiment is a simulated rock assembly, the simulated rock assembly with the same characteristics can be replicated multiple times to conduct multiple experiments to avoid poor experimental repeatability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench in one embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the simulated rock assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a convex component from one perspective in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the convex component from another perspective in the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plane component from one perspective in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a plane component from another perspective in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 7 is the motion trajectory of the drill bit in the simulated rock assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake assembly in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench in another embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Fig.10 It is a flow chart of a drill string stick-slip vibration test method in one embodiment of the present application.

[0061] In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals represent: 1. stick-slip vibration generating device; 11. drill string system; 111. drill rod; 112. drill collar; 113. drill bit; 12. drilling pressure regulating assembly; 13. brake assembly; 131. oil delivery system; 1311. oil delivery pipeline; 1312. brake pump; 132. brake system; 1321. brake caliper; 13211. cavity; 13212. piston; 13213. friction pair; 1322. brake disc; 133. hydraulic controller; 14. speed regulating assembly; 1 5. Simulated rock assembly; 151. Base; 1511. Slide; 152. Convex component; 1521. Raised portion; 15211. First upper surface; 15212. First lower surface; 1522. First connecting portion; 15221. First tenon; 15222. First button; 153. Plane component; 1531. Second upper surface; 1532. Second lower surface; 1533. Second tenon; 1534. Second button; 2. Vibration monitoring device; 21. Force sensor; 22. Vibration sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0063] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "circumferential", "radial" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0064] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0065] The stick-slip vibration test bench is designed based on the dynamic equation of the drill string system through dimensional analysis. The experiment can reproduce various phenomena in drilling operations. It is an efficient, convenient, reliable and low-cost research method, and has become an important means to study stick-slip vibration.

[0066] The existing drill string stick-slip vibration test bench stimulates stick-slip vibration by adjusting operating parameters such as drilling pressure and rotation speed. However, the characteristics of the rock samples used in each experiment are different, resulting in poor experimental repeatability.

[0067] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application proposes a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench, which aims to solve the problem of poor experimental repeatability due to differences in the characteristics of rock samples used in each experiment during the experiment.

[0068] As attached Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 It can be seen that the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench includes a stick-slip vibration generating device 1 and a vibration monitoring device 2.

[0069] The stick-slip vibration generating device 1 includes a drill string system 11, a simulated rock component 15, and a drilling pressure adjustment component 12, a brake component 13 and a speed adjustment component 14 connected to the drill string system 11. The drill string system 11 is used to simulate the drill string system 11 of the drilling system during drilling, and the drilling pressure adjustment component 12 is used to adjust the pressure of the drill string system 11 on the ground. The brake component 13 is used to adjust the braking force on the drill string system 11 to simulate the resistance of the drilling fluid and the well wall to the drill string system 11, and the brake component can control the stick-slip vibration intensity to solve the problem that the stick-slip vibration intensity cannot be accurately controlled. The speed adjustment component 14 is used to adjust the speed of the drill string system 11.

[0070] The drill string system 11 includes a drill rod 111, a drill collar 112 and a drill bit 113. One end of the drill rod 111 is connected to a speed regulating assembly 14, and the other end is connected to the drill collar 112. The end of the drill collar 112 away from the drill rod 111 is connected to the drill bit 113. The speed regulating assembly 14 can be directly connected to the drill rod 111, or it can be connected to the drill rod 111 through a connecting device, and the connecting device can transmit torque. The simulated rock assembly 15 is used to interact with the drill bit 113 to simulate the drill bit 113 drilling rock. The simulated rock assembly 15 can be made of hard alloy steel, which has a high hardness. Hard alloy steel is a commonly used material for the drill bit 113 in drilling engineering, and is the same material as the drill bit 113, which can reduce the probability of damage to the drill bit 113.

[0071] Since the rock used in the experiment is the simulated rock assembly 15, the simulated rock assembly 15 with the same characteristics can be replicated multiple times to conduct multiple experiments to avoid poor experimental repeatability. The simulated rock assembly 15 can simulate rock and cause the drill string system 11 to generate axial, lateral and torsional vibrations when the drill string system 11 is in operation.

[0072] The vibration monitoring device 2 includes a force sensor 21 and a vibration sensor 22. The force sensor 21 is used to detect the pressure and torque on the simulated rock assembly 15. The vibration sensor 22 is used to detect the vibration acceleration in the lateral and axial directions of the drill string system 11, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction, that is, the lateral vibration acceleration, the axial vibration acceleration and the rotation speed in the torsional direction. The force sensor 21 may include a pressure sensor and a torque sensor, and the vibration sensor 22 may include a triaxial accelerometer and a rotation speed sensor.

[0073] Through the above-mentioned embodiments, the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench includes a stick-slip vibration generating device 1 and a vibration monitoring device 2. The stick-slip vibration generating device 1 also includes a simulated rock component 15. The simulated rock component 15 is used to interact with the drill bit 113 to simulate the drill bit 113 drilling the rock. The simulated rock component 15 with the same characteristics can be replicated multiple times to perform multiple experiments to avoid poor experimental repeatability.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the torque at the drill bit 113 can be obtained by the following function: TOB is the torque at the drill bit 113, that is, the torque transmitted from the drill string to the simulated rock assembly 15; T T-b is the rotational resistance torque on the drill bit 113 caused by the buckling deformation of the drill string system 11; T brake is the rotational resistance torque generated by the braking force of the brake assembly 13 acting on the drill collar 112. Since the drill collar 112 is rigid, the rotational resistance torque of the brake assembly 13 on the drill bit 113 is T brake ; T stone The total rotational resistance torque T of the drill bit 113 is the rotational resistance torque of the simulated rock assembly 15 acting on the drill bit 113. RR It's about T T-b , T brake , T stone function.

[0075] When TOB is insufficient to overcome the total rotational resistance torque T RR When the drill string system 11 is at a high speed, the stick-slip vibration will occur. At this time, the maximum rotation speed of the drill bit 113 reaches more than twice the rotation speed of the speed regulating assembly 14, and the drill bit 113 presents the characteristics of "completely stationary-high-speed rotation" periodic changes.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench includes a main controller (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the drilling pressure adjustment component 12, the brake component 13, the speed adjustment component 14, and the vibration monitoring device 2. The main controller can include any suitable processing device with data processing capability and / or instruction execution capability. For example, the main controller can be implemented by a combination of one or more of a programmable logic controller (PLC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a microcontroller unit (MCU), and other forms of processing units. For example, the main controller can be a main control chip in the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench, that is, a main control MCU. The main controller can control the operation and operating parameters of the drilling pressure adjustment component 12, the brake component 13, the speed adjustment component 14, and the vibration monitoring device 2.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 2-6As shown, the simulated rock assembly 15 includes a base 151, a convex component 152 and a flat component 153. The base 151 is a plane, and the base 151 is provided with a plurality of concave slideways 1511, and the slideways 1511 are arranged in an array, and the convex component 152, the flat component 153 and the slideway 1511 can be detachably connected. When the convex component 152 is connected to the slideway 1511, the convex component 152 protrudes from the base 151, and when the flat component 153 is connected to the slideway 1511, the flat component 153 is flush with the upper surface of the base 151. When the drill bit 113 acts on the base 151, the drill bit 113 and the base 151 move relative to each other, so that the drill bit 113 generates axial vibration. The flat component 153 is used to fill the smooth path 1511 so that the position of the base 151 where the flat component 153 is located is a plane. The distance between each two adjacent slideways 1511 in the plurality of slideways 1511 is equal, and can be determined by the installation distance of the two adjacent convex components 152, which can be determined according to the frequency of the axial vibration of the drill string system 11. If the axial vibration frequency is higher, the installation distance of the two adjacent convex components 152 is smaller. The installation distance of the two adjacent convex components 152 can be determined by the installation position of the convex component 152. If there are more slideways 1511 between the two adjacent convex components 152, the installation distance of the two adjacent convex components 152 is larger. The slideway 1511 between the two adjacent convex components 152 is filled with a plane component 153.

[0078] There are many types of convex components 152. Convex components 152 of different types have different protrusion heights. When convex components 152 of different types are installed, the protrusion heights of the base 151 are different. When the drill string system 11 acts on the base 151, the vibration amplitude of the drill string system 11 in the axial direction is different. Convex components 152 of different types can be installed according to the needs of the experiment.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 3-4As shown, the convex part 152 includes a protruding portion 1521 and a first connecting portion 1522. The first connecting portion 1522 is used to connect with the slideway 1511, and the protruding portion 1521 protrudes from the base 151. Specifically, the protruding portion 1521 includes a first upper surface 15211 and a first lower surface 15212. The first upper surface 15211 is an arc that protrudes upward, and the first lower surface 15212 is a plane. The arc-shaped upper surface can make the drill bit 113 generate axial vibration during movement, and can not hinder the movement of the drill bit 113. The first connecting portion 1522 is connected to the first lower surface 15212, and the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first lower surface 15212 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first connecting portion 1522. The shape of the first connecting portion 1522 is adapted to the shape of the slideway 1511. When the first connection portion 1522 is connected to the slideway 1511 , the first lower surface 15212 is in contact with the base 151 , that is, except for the portion connected to the first connection portion 1522 , the other portion of the first lower surface 15212 is in contact with the upper surface of the base 151 .

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the first connection part 1522 is provided with a retractable first tenon 15221 and a first button 15222 for controlling the retraction of the first tenon 15221. Correspondingly, slots connected to the first tenon 15221 are provided on both sides of the slideway 1511. When the convex part 152 needs to be connected to the slideway 1511, the first connection part 1522 is placed in the slideway 1511, and the first button 15222 is pressed, and the first tenon 15221 extends from the first connection part 1522 and is connected to the slot. When the convex part 152 needs to be separated from the slideway 1511, the first button 15222 is pressed, and the first tenon 15221 is retracted into the first connection part 1522 and separated from the slot. At this time, the first connection part 1522 can be taken out from the slideway 1511, and the convex part 152 is separated from the slideway 1511.

[0081] The length of the first connection part 1522 is smaller than the length of the slideway 1511. When the first connection part 1522 is connected to the slideway 1511, the two sides and the bottom of the first connection part 1522 are in contact with the inner wall of the slideway 1511, and there is a gap between the front end surface of the first connection part 1522 and the front end surface of the slideway 1511, and / or there is a gap between the rear end surface of the first connection part 1522 and the rear end surface of the slideway 1511. The first button 15222 is arranged on the front end surface or the rear end surface of the first connection part 1522, and the first tenon 15221 is arranged on both sides of the first connection part 1522. With such a design, the first button 15222 can be pressed by hand in the gap without hindering the connection between the first connection part 1522 and the slideway 1511.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 5-6As shown, the plane component 153 is connected to the slideway 1511 so that the plane portion fills the slideway 1511. The plane component 153 includes a second upper surface 1531 and a second lower surface 1532, and the second upper surface 1531 and the second lower surface 1532 are both planes. The shape of the plane component 153 is adapted to the shape of the slideway 1511, and when the plane component 153 is connected to the slideway 1511, the second upper surface 1531 is flush with the upper surface of the base 151, so as to prevent the concave slideway 1511 from affecting the movement of the drill bit 113.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, the plane component 153 is provided with a retractable second tenon 1533 and a second button 1534 for controlling the retraction of the second tenon 1533. Slots connected to the second tenon 1533 are provided on both sides of the slideway 1511. When the plane component 153 needs to be connected to the slideway 1511, the plane component 153 is placed in the slideway 1511, and the second button 1534 is pressed, and the second tenon 1533 extends from the plane component 153 and is connected to the slot. When the plane component 153 needs to be separated from the slideway 1511, the second button 1534 is pressed, and the second tenon 1533 retracts into the plane component 153 and is separated from the slot. At this time, the plane component 153 can be taken out from the slideway 1511, and the plane component 153 is separated from the slideway 1511.

[0084] The length of the plane member 153 is shorter than the length of the slideway 1511. When the plane member 153 is connected to the slideway 1511, the two sides and the bottom of the plane member 153 are in contact with the inner wall of the slideway 1511, and there is a gap between the front end face of the plane member 153 and the front end face of the slideway 1511, and / or there is a gap between the rear end face of the plane member 153 and the rear end face of the slideway 1511. The second button 1534 is arranged on the front end face or the rear end face of the plane member 153, and the second tenon 1533 is arranged on both sides of the plane member 153. With such a design, the second button 1534 can be pressed by hand in the gap without hindering the connection between the plane member 153 and the slideway 1511.

[0085] In the solution of the above-mentioned embodiment, the present application changes the structure of the simulated rock component 15 by connecting the convex component 152 to the sliding detachable part and the planar component 153 to the sliding detachable part, so as to change the lateral vibration, axial vibration, and torsional vibration generated when the simulated rock component 15 interacts with the drill string system 11.

[0086] As attached Figure 7As shown, when the drill bit 113 interacts with the base 151, the motion trajectory of the drill bit 113 presents alternation between flatness and convexity, that is, the "convex section" is the motion trajectory of the drill bit 113 when it passes through the convex component 152; the "horizontal section" is the motion trajectory of the drill bit 113 when it passes through the plane component 153 or the upper surface of the base 151. The height difference between the top of the convex component 152 and the upper surface of the base 151 is H, the width of the convex component 152 is l, and the length of the horizontal section of two adjacent convex components 152 is S. The convex component 152 will cause the moving drill bit 113 to be excited by axial vibration. The "convex section" and the "horizontal section" appear alternately in the motion trajectory of the drill bit 113, causing the drill bit 113 to be excited by lateral vibration.

[0087] According to the function of the torque at the drill bit 113 in the above embodiment, it can be known that the simulated rock assembly 15 can also simulate the torsional vibration excitation to which the drill bit 113 is subjected. Total rotation resistance torque T under horizontal section length S RR When the torque TOB of the drill bit 113 is less than the slope Total rotation resistance torque T under horizontal section length S RR When the drill bit 113 cannot rotate normally, it is in the sticking stage. As the speed regulating assembly 14 continues to rotate, the torque at the drill bit 113 gradually increases. When the torque TOB of the drill bit 113 is greater than the slope Total rotation resistance torque T under horizontal section length S RR , the drill bit 113 resumes normal rotation, i.e., is in the sliding stage.

[0088] By changing the values ​​of H, l, and S, that is, performing different surface treatments on the simulated rock component 15, or using different numbers of convex components 152, different vibration excitation effects can be achieved to simulate different types of rocks.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 8-9 As shown, the brake assembly 13 includes an oil delivery system 131 , a brake system 132 and a hydraulic controller 133 . The oil delivery system 131 is used for delivering oil, the brake system 132 is used for generating a braking force on the drill string system 11 , and the hydraulic controller 133 is used for controlling the operation of the oil delivery system 131 .

[0090] The oil delivery system 131 includes a connected oil delivery pipeline 1311 and a brake pump 1312, and the brake pump 1312 is signal-connected to a hydraulic controller 133. The brake pump 1312 is used to control the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the oil delivery pipeline 1311, and the hydraulic controller 133 is used to control the operation of the brake pump 1312, thereby controlling the flow direction of the hydraulic oil.

[0091] The braking system 132 includes a brake caliper 1321 and a brake disc 1322. The brake caliper 1321 is provided with a cavity 13211, two pistons 13212, and two friction pairs 13213. The cavity 13211 is connected to the oil pipeline 1311. One ends of the two pistons 13212 are connected to the cavity 13211, and the other ends are connected to the two friction pairs 13213. The two friction pairs 13213 are arranged opposite to each other. A braking space is provided between the two friction pairs 13213. The brake disc 1322 is connected to the drill collar 112, and the brake disc 1322 extends to the braking space and is located between the two friction pairs 13213. The hydraulic oil in the control pipeline of the brake pump 1312 flows to the cavity 13211. The hydraulic oil in the cavity 13211 pushes the piston 13212 to move outward, thereby making the friction pair 13213 close to another friction pair 13213, thereby reducing the distance between the two friction pairs 13213, that is, the braking space becomes smaller. That is, when the piston 13212 moves, the size of the braking space changes with the movement of the piston 13212 to change the braking force on the brake disc 1322. The brake caliper 1321 is provided with two opposite openings, the openings are connected to the cavity 13211, and the openings are provided with buckles, which are used to connect with the piston 13212 so that the piston 13212 can be movably connected in the openings.

[0092] As attached Fig.10 As shown, the present application also provides a drill string stick-slip vibration test method, which is applied to a drill string stick-slip vibration test bench as in any of the above embodiments, and the test method includes:

[0093] S101: respectively adjusting the pressure, braking force and rotation speed of the drill string system 11 through the drilling pressure adjustment component 12, the brake component 13 and the rotation speed adjustment component 14;

[0094] S102: Detecting the pressure and torque of the simulated rock assembly 15 through the force sensor 21, and detecting the vibration acceleration of the drill string system 11 in the lateral and axial directions, and the rotation speed in the torsional direction through the vibration sensor 22;

[0095] S103: Determine the experimental results according to the pressure and torque applied to the simulated rock assembly 15, the vibration acceleration of the drill string system 11 in the lateral and axial directions, and the rotation speed in the torsional direction.

[0096] According to the different drilling pressures, braking forces, and rotational speeds of the drill string system 11, the pressure and torque on the simulated rock component 15, the vibration accelerations of the drill string system 11 along the lateral and axial directions, and the rotational speed along the torsional direction, the relationship between the drilling pressure, braking force, and rotational speed of the drill string system 11, and the pressure and torque on the simulated rock component 15, the vibration accelerations of the drill string system 11 along the lateral and axial directions, and the rotational speed along the torsional direction can be analyzed. This relationship is the experimental result, and this relationship can be obtained through model training.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, before the step of respectively adjusting the pressure, braking force and rotation speed of the drill string system 11 by the drilling pressure adjustment assembly 12, the brake assembly 13 and the rotation speed adjustment assembly 14, the experimental method includes a bench design step, and the bench design step includes:

[0098] S201: Determine the axial vibration excitation, lateral vibration excitation, and torsional vibration excitation required for the drill string system 11 according to experimental requirements;

[0099] S202: Determine the protrusion height of the convex component 152 in the simulated rock assembly 15 and the distance between two adjacent convex components 152 according to the axial vibration excitation, the lateral vibration excitation, and the torsional vibration excitation.

[0100] Axial vibration excitation, lateral vibration excitation, and torsional vibration excitation are achieved through the structure of the simulated rock component 15, so before the experiment begins, it is necessary to adjust the structure of the simulated rock component 15 to obtain the required axial vibration excitation, lateral vibration excitation, and torsional vibration excitation.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present application, after the bench design step, the experimental method includes a preliminary experimental step, and the preliminary use step includes:

[0102] Adjust the drilling pressure adjustment component 12, the brake component 13 and the speed adjustment component 14 to detect whether the pressure, the braking force and the speed of the drill string system 11 are within the first expected change;

[0103] If the first expected change occurs, the pressure and torque on the simulated rock assembly 15 are detected, and the vibration acceleration of the drill string system 11 in the lateral and axial directions, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction are detected;

[0104] Determine whether the pressure and torque on the simulated rock assembly 15, and the vibration acceleration of the drill string system 11 in the lateral and axial directions, and the rotation speed in the torsional direction are within the second expected change;

[0105] If the second expected change occurs, the experimental method as in the above embodiment is performed;

[0106] If it is not within the first expected change or the second expected change, at least one of the following steps needs to be performed:

[0107] Adjusting the protruding height of the convex component 152 in the simulated rock assembly 15 and the distance between two adjacent convex components 152;

[0108] Replace or overhaul the drilling pressure adjustment assembly 12;

[0109] Replace or overhaul brake components 13;

[0110] Replace or overhaul the speed regulating assembly 14.

[0111] The initial experimental step is used to detect whether the experimental parameters and experimental data deviate from the expected value. If the deviation is large, it means that there is a problem with the operating parameters of the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench. It is necessary to check whether there is a problem with the various components of the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench to eliminate the factors that cause inaccurate experiments and ensure the accuracy of the experiment.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration intensity of the drill string system 11 can be calculated by the formula: And the formula: Perform analysis to determine if expectations are met.

[0113] In the formula, a rms is the root mean square acceleration of the drill bit 113, in km / s 2 .t d is the vibration duration, in seconds. C represents characteristic intensity. a(t) is the acceleration of the drill bit 113 at time t, in km / s 2 .

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A drill string stick-slip vibration test bench, characterized in that: include: A stick-slip vibration generating device, comprising a drill string system, a simulated rock component, and a drilling pressure adjustment component, a brake component, and a speed adjustment component connected to the drill string system, wherein the drill string system comprises a drill pipe, a drill collar, and a drill bit, wherein one end of the drill pipe is connected to the speed adjustment component, and the other end is connected to the drill collar, and the end of the drill collar away from the drill pipe is connected to the drill bit, and the simulated rock component is used to interact with the drill bit to simulate the drill bit drilling rock; A vibration monitoring device, comprising a force sensor and a vibration sensor, wherein the force sensor is used to detect the pressure and torque applied to the simulated rock assembly, and the vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction; The simulated rock assembly comprises a base, a convex component and a flat component; The base is a plane, and is provided with a plurality of concave slideways, the slideways are arranged in an array, and the convex component, the plane component and the slideways can be detachably connected; When the convex component is connected to the slideway, the convex component protrudes from the base. The convex component has multiple models, and the protrusion heights of the convex components of different models are different; When the plane component is connected to the slideway, the plane component is flush with the upper surface of the base.

2. The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench comprises a main controller, and the main controller is connected to the drilling pressure adjustment component, the brake component, the rotation speed adjustment component, and the vibration monitoring device.

3. The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convex component includes a raised portion and a first connecting portion; The raised portion includes a first upper surface and a first lower surface, the first upper surface is an arc-shaped surface raised upward, and the first lower surface is a plane; The first connection portion is connected to the first lower surface, and the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first lower surface is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first connection portion, and the shape of the first connection portion is adapted to the shape of the slideway; When the first connection portion is connected to the slideway, the first lower surface is in contact with the base.

4. The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first connecting portion is provided with a retractable first latch and a first button for controlling the retraction of the first latch; The length of the first connection part is smaller than the length of the slideway. When the first connection part is connected to the slideway, both sides and the bottom of the first connection part are in contact with the inner wall of the slideway, and a gap is formed between the front end surface of the first connection part and the front end surface of the slideway, and / or a gap is formed between the rear end surface of the first connection part and the rear end surface of the slideway. The first button is arranged on the front end surface or the rear end surface of the first connecting portion, and the first tenon is arranged on both sides of the first connecting portion.

5. The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planar component comprises a second upper surface and a second lower surface, and both the second upper surface and the second lower surface are planes; The shape of the plane component is adapted to the shape of the slideway; When the planar component is connected to the slideway, the second upper surface is flush with the upper surface of the base.

6. The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The planar component is provided with a retractable second tenon and a second button for controlling the retraction of the second tenon; The length of the plane component is smaller than the length of the slideway. When the plane component is connected to the slideway, both sides and the bottom of the plane component are in contact with the inner wall of the slideway, and there is a gap between the front end surface of the plane component and the front end surface of the slideway, and / or there is a gap between the rear end surface of the plane component and the rear end surface of the slideway. The second button is arranged on the front end surface or the rear end surface of the planar component, and the second tenon is arranged on both sides of the planar component.

7. The drill string stick-slip vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake assembly includes an oil delivery system, a brake system and a hydraulic controller; The oil delivery system includes a connected oil delivery pipeline and a brake pump, and the brake pump is connected to the hydraulic controller signal; The brake system comprises a brake caliper and a brake disc, wherein the brake caliper is provided with a cavity, two pistons, and two friction pairs, wherein the cavity is connected to the oil pipeline, one end of the two pistons is connected to the cavity, and the other end of the two pistons is connected to the two friction pairs, and the two friction pairs are arranged opposite to each other, and a brake space is provided between the two friction pairs, and the brake disc is connected to the drill collar, and the brake disc extends to the brake space and is located between the two friction pairs; When the piston moves, the size of the braking space changes with the movement of the piston to change the braking force on the brake disc.

8. A drill string stick-slip vibration test method, characterized in that: Applied to the drill string stick-slip vibration test bench as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, the test method comprises: The pressure, braking force and speed of the drill string system are respectively adjusted by the drilling pressure adjustment component, the brake component and the speed adjustment component; The pressure and torque of the simulated rock assembly are detected by a force sensor, and the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction, are detected by a vibration sensor; The experimental results are determined based on the pressure and torque to which the simulated rock assembly is subjected, as well as the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, and the rotation speed in the torsional direction.

9. The drill string stick-slip vibration test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before the step of respectively adjusting the pressure, braking force and rotation speed of the drill string system by the drilling pressure adjustment assembly, the brake assembly and the rotation speed adjustment assembly, the experimental method includes a bench design step, and the bench design step includes: Determine the axial vibration excitation, lateral vibration excitation, and torsional vibration excitation required for the drill string system according to experimental requirements; The protrusion height of the convex component in the simulated rock assembly and the distance between two adjacent convex components are determined according to the axial vibration excitation, the lateral vibration excitation, and the torsional vibration excitation.

10. The drill string stick-slip vibration test method according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the bench design step, the experimental method includes a preliminary experimental step, and the preliminary use step includes: Adjust the drilling pressure adjustment component, the brake component and the speed adjustment component to detect whether the pressure, braking force and speed of the drill string system are within the first expected change; If the first expected change occurs, the pressure and torque of the simulated rock assembly are detected, and the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, as well as the rotation speed in the torsional direction are detected; Determining whether the pressure and torque on the simulated rock assembly, the vibration acceleration of the drill string system in the lateral and axial directions, and the rotation speed in the torsional direction are within the second expected change; If the second expected change occurs, the experimental method as claimed in claim 9 is performed; If it is not within the first expected change or the second expected change, at least one of the following steps needs to be performed: Adjusting the protruding height of the convex component in the simulated rock assembly and the distance between two adjacent convex components; Replace or overhaul the drilling pressure adjustment assembly; Replace or overhaul brake components; Replace or repair the speed regulating assembly.

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