A vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system and test method under actual driving conditions

Abstract

The present application relates to a system and method for measuring particulate matter emissions from vehicle tire wear under actual driving conditions. The measurement system includes: a sampling module connected to a main sampling tube equipped with a main flowmeter; a particulate matter quantity measurement module connected to the main sampling tube and used to measure the concentration of particles sampled from the main sampling tube and their sampling flow rate; a particulate matter mass sampling module connected to the main sampling tube and used to sample from the main sampling tube and collect particulate matter through filter paper; and a data processing module signal-connected to the particulate matter quantity measurement module and the particulate matter mass sampling module. The data processing module calculates the quantity and mass of particulate matter emissions from the vehicle's tire wear under actual driving conditions based on data measured by the particulate matter quantity measurement module, the main flowmeter, and filter paper weighing data. The present application can truly restore the working scene of the vehicle's tires under actual driving conditions, and the measured tire particulate matter emission results are highly accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle pollutant emission testing, and in particular to a vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system and testing method under actual driving conditions. Background Art

[0002] With the continued growth in the number of motor vehicles and the rapid development of new energy vehicles in recent years, non-exhaust particulate matter emissions from motor vehicles have attracted increasing attention. According to relevant statistics, particulate matter from brake wear, tire wear, and road wear accounts for 60% and 73% of road transport PM2.5 and PM10 emissions, respectively, exceeding exhaust particulate matter emissions and will become a more significant source of atmospheric emissions in the future. Domestic research on non-exhaust particulate matter emissions from motor vehicles has primarily focused on brake emissions, while tire wear emission testing, particularly on actual roads, is largely undeveloped.

[0003] Current research on tire wear and emissions testing primarily focuses on bench testing. This typically involves using a multi-directional tire test bench and spraying wear particles onto the tread to simulate actual road wear, followed by particle collection and analysis. While this method can somewhat reflect actual tire wear and is highly feasible, the simulated operating conditions differ from actual road conditions, potentially leading to significant discrepancies in the analysis results.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system and test method under actual driving conditions to overcome the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system and test method under actual driving conditions, which can solve the technical problem in related technologies that the working conditions simulated by bench tests are different from the working conditions of tires on actual roads, resulting in large differences in analysis results.

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions, which includes: a sampling module, the sampling module is used to be installed on the rear side of the vehicle's tire, the sampling module is connected to a main sampling tube, and the main sampling tube is provided with a main flow meter; a particulate matter quantity measurement module, which is connected to the main sampling tube, the particulate matter quantity measurement module is used to measure the concentration of particles sampled from the main sampling tube; a particulate matter mass sampling module, which is connected to the main sampling tube, the particulate matter mass sampling module is used to sample and collect particulate matter from the main sampling tube; a data processing module, which is signal-connected to the particulate matter quantity measurement module and the particulate matter mass sampling module, the data processing module is used to calculate the number and mass of tire wear particulate matter emissions of the vehicle under actual driving conditions through data measured by the particulate matter quantity measurement module and the main flow meter, and data on weighing the particulate matter collected by the particulate matter mass sampling module.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the sampling module includes a sampling shell, an upper sampling chamber and a lower sampling chamber are provided in the sampling shell, and the sampling shell is provided with a first sampling opening corresponding to the upper sampling chamber and the lower sampling chamber, and the upper sampling chamber and the lower sampling chamber are both connected to the main sampling tube; the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under the actual driving state also includes a sampling mounting bracket, the sampling mounting bracket is fixed to the sampling module, and the sampling mounting bracket is used to be installed on the vehicle.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the sampling module also includes: a sampling integrated device, the sampling integrated device is provided with an upper sampling nozzle corresponding to the upper sampling cavity, and a down sampling nozzle is provided corresponding to the down sampling cavity, and the upper sampling nozzle is connected to the upper sampling cavity, and the down sampling nozzle is connected to the down sampling cavity; a pre-filter, one side of the pre-filter is connected to the sampling integrated device, and the other side is connected to the main sampling tube, and is used to screen out large particle size (particle size greater than 10um) particles in the sample gas, and only sample and measure inhalable particulate matter that is harmful to human health.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the sampling module further includes an upper extension plate, wherein the upper extension plate has a cavity therein, and the cavity is connected to the upper sampling cavity, and the upper extension plate is arc-shaped and has a second sampling opening.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the upper wall of the upper sampling chamber extends downward and backward from the first sampling opening, and the lower wall of the upper sampling chamber extends upward and backward from the first sampling opening; the upper wall of the lower sampling chamber extends upward and backward from the first sampling opening, and the lower wall of the lower sampling chamber extends upward and backward from the first sampling opening.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the particle number measurement module includes: a particle number sampling probe, which is located at the center of the main sampling tube, facing the airflow direction and parallel to the main sampling tube; a particle number analysis device, which is connected to the particle number sampling probe through a first sampling pump, and the particle number analysis device is used to measure the concentration of particles sampled from the main sampling tube.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the particle quantity measurement module also includes: a particle quantity sampling flowmeter, which is connected between the first sampling pump and the particle quantity analysis device; a particle quantity sampling reflux pipe, one end of which is connected to the particle quantity analysis device, and the other end is connected to the main sampling pipe.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the particulate matter mass sampling module includes: a particulate matter mass sampling probe, which is located at the center of the main sampling tube, facing the airflow direction, and parallel to the main sampling tube; a filter paper holder, the filter paper holder is installed with filter paper, and the filter paper holder is connected to the particulate matter mass sampling probe, the filter paper holder is used to collect the particulate matter sampled in the main sampling tube, and the mass of the sampled particulate matter is obtained by weighing the mass of the filter paper before and after the test; a particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter, the particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter is connected to the filter paper holder through a second sampling pump, and the particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter is used to measure the particulate matter mass sampling flow rate sampled from the main sampling tube.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions also includes: a GPS and a weather station, wherein the GPS and the weather station are used to collect data such as vehicle speed, mileage, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure during the test; a data acquisition module, wherein the data acquisition module is signal-connected to the data processing module, the data acquisition module is signal-connected to the GPS and the weather station, and the data acquisition module is also signal-connected to the particulate matter quantity measurement module and the particulate matter mass sampling module.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing vehicle tire wear particulate matter emissions, which includes the following steps:

[0016] Install the above-mentioned vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions on a vehicle;

[0017] The vehicle is tested on the road under actual driving conditions, and the tire wear particulate matter emissions are sampled and analyzed using the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under the actual driving conditions, and the emission quantity and emission quality of the tire wear particulate matter are calculated.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include:

[0019] By installing the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions on a real vehicle, the particulate matter emitted by tire wear can be collected under the vehicle's actual driving conditions, and the tire wear particulate matter emission quantity and mass can be calculated based on the data measured by the particulate matter quantity measurement module and the main flow meter, combined with the particulate matter weighing data collected by the particulate matter mass sampling module. Therefore, the tire working scene of the vehicle under actual driving conditions can be truly restored, and the measured tire particulate matter emission results are highly accurate, which solves the technical problem that the working conditions simulated by the bench test in the relevant technology are different from the working conditions of the tire on the actual road surface, resulting in large differences in the analysis results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling integration device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 1. Sampling module; 11. Sampling housing; 111. Upper sampling cavity; 112. Lower sampling cavity; 113. First sampling opening;

[0026] 12. Sampling integrated device; 121. Upper sampling nozzle; 122. Lower sampling nozzle; 13. Pre-filter; 14. Upper extension plate;

[0027] 2. Main sampling tube; 21. Main flow meter; 22. Main sampling pump;

[0028] 3. Particle quantity measurement module; 31. Particle quantity analysis equipment; 32. First sampling pump; 33. Particle quantity sampling flowmeter; 34. Particle quantity sampling return pipe;

[0029] 4. Particle mass sampling module; 41. Filter paper holder; 42. Particle mass sampling flowmeter; 43. Second sampling pump; 44. Particle mass sampling return pipe;

[0030] 5. Data processing module; 6. Sampling mounting bracket; 7. GPS and weather station; 8. Vehicle power supply; 9. Data acquisition module; 10. Exhaust pipe; a. Dashed box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] In the related technology, the current tire wear emission test mainly adopts bench testing, which is easier to operate and more reproducible under laboratory conditions. However, in addition to the driving conditions of the vehicle, the most important factors affecting tire wear are the road surface characteristics. The laboratory can use the road spectrum acquisition method to achieve the reproduction of the tire working conditions under the actual driving conditions of the vehicle, but the most critical road surface characteristics cannot be fully reproduced under laboratory conditions. By spraying wear particles on the tread, the granularity of the road surface can be simulated to a certain extent, but there is still a big difference from the bumpy characteristics of the real road surface. Therefore, the existing bench test method for tire wear particulate matter emissions under laboratory conditions has certain limitations and cannot truly restore the tire wear scenario under the actual driving conditions of the vehicle.

[0033] The embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system and test method under actual driving conditions, which can solve the technical problem in related technologies that the working conditions simulated by bench testing are different from the working conditions of tires on actual road surfaces, resulting in significant differences in analysis results.

[0034] See also Figure 1As shown, a vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions provided by an embodiment of the present application may include: a sampling module 1, the sampling module 1 being used to be installed on the rear side of a vehicle tire, the sampling module 1 being connected to a main sampling pipe 2, and the main sampling pipe 2 being provided with a main flowmeter 21; a particle quantity measurement module 3, which is connected to the main sampling pipe 2 and is used to measure the concentration of particles sampled from the main sampling pipe 2; a particle mass sampling module 4, which is connected to the main sampling pipe 2 and is used to sample and collect particles from the main sampling pipe 2, and to obtain weighing data by weighing the collected particles; and a data processing module 5, which is signal-connected to the particle quantity measurement module 3 and the particle mass sampling module 4 and is used to calculate the quantity and mass of tire wear particulate matter emissions from the vehicle under actual driving conditions based on the data measured by the particle quantity measurement module 3 and the main flowmeter 21, and the data obtained by weighing the particles collected by the particle mass sampling module 4. The data processing module 5 in this embodiment can be a device such as a main control computer, which can analyze and calculate the collected data.

[0035] Among them, the rear of the main sampling tube 2 can be connected to an exhaust pipe 10. When conducting a vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission test, the above-mentioned vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions can be installed on the vehicle, and the sampling module 1 can be installed under the vehicle and on the rear side of the tire to sample the particulate matter generated by tire wear. After sampling, the particulate matter can enter the exhaust pipe 10 through the main sampling tube 2 and be discharged. Among them, after the particulate matter enters the main sampling tube 2, the particulate matter number measurement module 3 and the particulate matter mass sampling module 4 connected to the main sampling tube 2 can sample from the main sampling tube 2 and measure the sampled particle concentration and sampling flow rate. The particulate matter sampled by the particulate matter mass sampling module 4 can be weighed to obtain the mass of the sampled particulate matter. Finally, these data can be used to calculate the number and mass of tire wear particulate matter emissions of the vehicle under actual driving conditions.

[0036] In this embodiment, by installing the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system on the actual vehicle under actual driving conditions, the particulate matter emitted by tire wear can be collected under the actual driving conditions of the vehicle, and based on the particle concentration measured by the particulate matter quantity measurement module 3 and the sampling flow of the main sampling tube 2 measured by the main flowmeter 21, combined with the data of weighing the particulate matter collected by the particulate matter mass sampling module 4, the emission quantity and emission mass of the tire wear particulate matter are calculated. Therefore, the tire working scene of the vehicle under actual driving conditions can be truly restored, and the measured tire particulate matter emission results are highly accurate, which solves the technical problem in the related technology that the working conditions simulated by the bench test are different from the working conditions of the tire on the actual road surface, resulting in the analysis results may still have large differences.

[0037] See also Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the sampling module 1 includes a sampling shell 11, in which an upper sampling chamber 111 and a lower sampling chamber 112 are provided, and the sampling shell 11 is provided with a first sampling opening 113 corresponding to the upper sampling chamber 111 and the lower sampling chamber 112, and the upper sampling chamber 111 and the lower sampling chamber 112 are both connected to the main sampling tube 2; the vehicle tire wear particulate emission measurement system under the actual driving state also includes a sampling mounting bracket 6, and the sampling mounting bracket 6 is used to fix the sampling module 1 to the vehicle. In this embodiment, the sampling shell 11 is arranged at the rear of the tire, and the first sampling opening 113 is opened on the side of the sampling shell 11 facing the tire, so that the particulate matter generated by tire wear can enter the upper sampling chamber 111 and the lower sampling chamber 112 through the first sampling opening 113, wherein the first sampling opening 113 of the lower sampling chamber 112 faces the rear and lower part of the tire, and most of the particulate matter can enter the lower sampling chamber 112 from the rear and lower part of the tire, and the first sampling opening 113 of the upper sampling chamber 111 faces the rear and upper part of the tire, so that some of the particulate matter diffused to the rear and upper part of the tire can enter the upper sampling chamber 111 from the first sampling opening 113 above, thereby achieving more complete sampling; of course, in other embodiments, a large sampling chamber can also be provided instead of dividing the sampling chamber into two upper and lower sampling chambers.

[0038] Among them, on the basis of the above technical solution, the sampling shell 11 can be an integrated type or a split type. When the sampling shell 11 is an integrated type, a partition can be set in the middle of the sampling shell 11 to form an upper sampling chamber 111 located above and a lower sampling chamber 112 located below in the sampling shell 11. When the sampling shell 11 is a split type, two shells can be used, with the upper sampling chamber 111 formed in one shell and the lower sampling chamber 112 formed in the other shell.

[0039] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some optional embodiments, the sampling module 1 may further include: a sampling integrated device 12, wherein the sampling integrated device 12 is provided with an upper sampling nozzle 121 corresponding to the upper sampling chamber 111, and a lower sampling nozzle 122 corresponding to the lower sampling chamber 112, and the upper sampling nozzle 121 is in communication with the upper sampling chamber 111, and the lower sampling nozzle 122 is in communication with the lower sampling chamber 112; a pre-filter 13, wherein one side of the pre-filter 13 is connected to the sampling integrated device 12, and the other side is connected to the main sampling pipe 2. The sampling integrated device 12 and the pre-filter 13 can both be fixed to the sampling mounting bracket 6, and the main sampling pipe 2 can also be fixed under the vehicle through the sampling mounting bracket 6.

[0040] In this embodiment, two upper sampling chambers 111 and two lower sampling chambers 112 are preferably provided, and two upper sampling nozzles 121 and two lower sampling nozzles 122 are provided on the sampling integrated device 12 ( Figure 3 As shown), each upper sampling nozzle 121 corresponds to and is connected to the upper sampling chamber 111, and each lower sampling nozzle 122 corresponds to and is connected to the lower sampling chamber 112. Sampling is performed on two upper sampling chambers 111 and two lower sampling chambers 112 to test the particulate matter emissions of a single tire. The two upper sampling nozzles 121 and the two lower sampling nozzles 122 of the sampling integrated device 12 are both connected to the pre-filter 13, which can filter out large-sized particles in the sample gas (this application mainly measures PM10, i.e., inhalable particulate matter, which is harmful to human health). The pre-filter 13 filters out larger-sized particles, which facilitates more accurate subsequent measurements of inhalable particulate matter.

[0041] See also Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the sampling module 1 may further include an upper extension plate 14, wherein the upper extension plate 14 may be integrally formed with the sampling shell 11, or may be separately formed and then fixed to the sampling shell 11. The upper extension plate 14 has a cavity therein, and the cavity is connected to the upper sampling chamber 111. The upper extension plate 14 is arc-shaped and has a second sampling opening. In this embodiment, the upper extension plate 14 is arc-shaped that matches the outer contour of the tire, and the second sampling opening faces the tire. By adding the upper extension plate 14, the upper extension plate 14 extends upward from the connection with the sampling shell 11, and the particulate matter diffused to the top of the tire can also be sucked into the upper extension plate 14 and finally enter the upper sampling chamber 111. The provision of the upper extension plate 14 can increase the sampling efficiency. Preferably, both the first sampling opening 113 and the second sampling opening can be set to an arc shape that matches the tire, so as to facilitate the complete collection of particulate matter generated by tire wear.

[0042] Preferably, see Figure 2As shown, the upper wall of the upper sampling chamber 111 bends downward and backward from the first sampling opening 113, and the lower wall of the upper sampling chamber 111 bends upward and backward from the first sampling opening 113; the upper wall of the lower sampling chamber 112 bends upward and backward from the first sampling opening 113, and the lower wall of the lower sampling chamber 112 bends upward and backward from the first sampling opening 113. In this embodiment, the upper and lower walls of the lower sampling chamber 112 are both bent upward and backward from the first sampling opening 113, so that the entire lower sampling chamber 112 is in an upward and backward bending state, and the first sampling opening 113 at the front end of the lower sampling chamber 112 is just facing the rear lower part of the tire and is in a downward tilted state; the lower wall of the upper sampling chamber 111 bends downward, and the upper wall bends upward, so that particulate matter from the rear lower and rear upper part of the tire can enter the upper sampling chamber 111 through the first sampling opening 113 of the upper sampling chamber 111. Figure 2 The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of gas flow.

[0043] Furthermore, a main sampling pump 22 is also provided on the main sampling pipe 2. The main sampling pump 22 can pump air while the vehicle is driving, so that the gas generated during the tire driving enters the main sampling pipe 2 through the sampling module 1; the main flow meter 21 provided on the main sampling pipe 2 can measure the sampling flow.

[0044] See also Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the particle quantity measurement module 3 may include: a particle quantity sampling probe, which is inserted into the main sampling tube 2, wherein the particle quantity sampling probe is preferably set on the axis of the main sampling tube 2, that is, located at the center of the main sampling tube 2, facing the airflow direction, and parallel to the main sampling tube 2. Such a setting makes the sampled gas more representative; and a particle quantity analysis device 31, which is connected to the particle quantity sampling probe via a first sampling pump 32, and the particle quantity analysis device 31 is used to measure the particle concentration sampled from the main sampling tube. In this embodiment, under the suction action of the first sampling pump 32, the particle quantity sampling probe can sample, and the sampled gas enters the particle quantity analysis device 31 through the first sampling pump 32, and the particle quantity analysis device 31 can measure the particle concentration of the sampled gas.

[0045] Further, see Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the particle quantity measurement module 3 may further include: a particle quantity sampling flowmeter 33, which is connected between the first sampling pump 32 and the particle quantity analysis device 31. The sampled gas can pass through the particle quantity sampling flowmeter 33 to measure the particle sampling flow rate, and the measured data can be uploaded to the main control computer; and a particle quantity sampling return pipe 34, which has one end connected to the particle quantity analysis device 31 and the other end connected to the main sampling pipe 2. The gas analyzed by the particle quantity analysis device 31 can flow back to the main sampling pipe 2 through the particle quantity sampling return pipe 34.

[0046] Further, see Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the particulate matter mass sampling module 4 may include: a particulate matter mass sampling probe, which is inserted into the main sampling tube 2, wherein the particulate matter mass sampling probe is also preferably arranged on the axis of the main sampling tube 2, that is, located in the center of the main sampling tube 2, facing the airflow direction, and parallel to the main sampling tube 2; a filter paper holder 41, the filter paper holder 41 is installed with filter paper, and the filter paper holder 41 is connected to the particulate matter mass sampling probe, the filter paper holder 41 is used to collect particulate matter sampled from the main sampling tube 2 and collect the particulate matter; a particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter 42, the particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter 42 is connected to the filter paper holder 41 through a second sampling pump 43, and the particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter 42 is used to measure the particulate matter mass sampling flow rate sampled from the main sampling tube 2. In this embodiment, under the suction action of the second sampling pump 43, the particulate matter mass sampling probe can take samples, and the sampled gas passes through the filter paper holder 41, the second sampling pump 43 and the particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter 42 in sequence. The particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter 42 is connected to the rear of the particulate matter mass sampling reflux pipe 44, and the sampled gas can flow back to the main sampling pipe 2 through the particulate matter mass sampling reflux pipe 44; wherein, the particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter 42 can measure the flow rate of particulate matter sampled from the main sampling pipe 2, and a piece of clean filter paper is installed on the filter paper holder 41 before the test. After the particulate matter sampling, the mass of the sampled particulate matter can be obtained by weighing the mass of the filter paper before and after the experiment.

[0047] See also Figure 1As shown, in some optional embodiments, the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions may further include a GPS and a weather station 7, which are used to collect data such as vehicle speed, mileage, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure during the test. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions may further include a data acquisition module 9, which is signal-connected to the GPS and weather station 7, and is signal-connected to the main sampling pump 22, the particulate matter quantity analysis device 31, the first sampling pump 32, the particulate matter quantity sampling flowmeter 33, the second sampling pump 43, and the particulate matter mass sampling flowmeter 42. The data acquisition module 9 is also signal-connected to the main control computer (i.e., the data processing module 5). The data acquisition module 9 can collect the values ​​measured by each module and send them to the main control computer for analysis and calculation. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions can also include an on-board power supply 8, which is electrically connected to the main sampling pump 22, the main flow meter 21, the main control computer, the first sampling pump 32, the particulate matter number sampling flow meter 33, the second sampling pump 43 and the particulate matter mass sampling flow meter 42 to supply power to each module.

[0048] Among them, the main control computer, the data acquisition module 9, the main sampling pump 22, the main flow meter 21, the particle quantity analysis device 31, the first sampling pump 32, the particle quantity sampling flow meter 33, the filter paper holder 41, the second sampling pump 43 and the particle mass sampling flow meter 42 can be installed in the vehicle, that is, Figure 1 The components within the dashed box a are located inside the vehicle. The sample gas collected by sampling module 1 enters particulate matter quantity measurement module 3 and particulate matter mass sampling module 4 through main sampling tube 2. Analysis yields test values ​​for the sampled particle concentration, sampled particulate matter, and particulate matter mass sampling flow rate. The sampled particulate matter is weighed to obtain the sampled particulate matter mass. The particulate matter mass sampling flow rate yields the particulate matter mass sampling volume. The sampling flow rate in main sampling tube 2, measured by main flowmeter 21, yields the total sampling volume. Based on the sampled particle concentration, sampled particulate matter mass, particulate matter mass sampling volume, and the total sampling volume in main sampling tube 2, as well as vehicle speed and mileage data obtained from GPS and weather station 7, the main control computer calculates the test results for the particulate matter quantity and mass emissions of the entire test vehicle.

[0049] The present invention also provides a method for testing vehicle tire wear particulate matter emissions, which includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Install the above-mentioned vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions on the vehicle.

[0051] Step 2: Test the vehicle under actual driving conditions on the road, and use the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under the actual driving conditions to sample and analyze the tire wear particulate matter emissions, and calculate the emission quantity and emission quality results of the tire wear particulate matter.

[0052] Among them, during the test, the vehicle is driven to be tested on a relatively closed and long road. The road is cleaned before the test to minimize the re-suspension of road dust caused by the vehicle driving during the test. Before the test, the particle quantity analysis equipment 31 should be calibrated, a suitable main flow meter 21 should be selected, and a clean and weighed filter paper should be installed on the filter paper holder 41. During the test, the vehicle tire wear particulate emission measurement system under the entire actual driving state can be powered by the above-mentioned on-board power supply 8, or by the vehicle itself. The test conditions are based on the actual test road conditions, covering as much as possible low speed, medium speed and height, as well as common driving scenarios in actual driving such as sudden acceleration and deceleration. After the test, the particle quantity analysis equipment 31 is checked again and the filter paper is weighed.

[0053] The primary measurement target for this application is the left or right front wheel, and the measurement result is the particulate matter emission result of a single tire. The final test result can be calculated by multiplying a single result by the number of tires, or by adding multiple results. After the test begins, the main sampling pump 22, particulate matter number measurement module 3, particulate matter mass sampling module 4, main control computer, data acquisition module 9, GPS, and weather station 7 are synchronously activated to begin measurement.

[0054] The calculation method for PM (particulate matter mass) and PN (particulate matter number) results of a single test is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] Where: PM is the particulate matter emission mass of the tire, g / km; V1 is the total sampling volume measured by the main flow meter 21 corrected to the standard state, m 3 ; m is the mass difference of the filter paper before and after the test, g; V pM The particle mass sampling volume measured by the particle mass sampling flowmeter 42 under the corrected standard state, m 3 ; d is the vehicle travel distance, km; PN is the number of particulate matter emissions from the tire, pieces / km; C pN The average volume concentration of the sampled particles measured by the particle number analysis device 31 is corrected to the standard state, particles / m 3 .

[0057] The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system and test method described in this application under actual driving conditions can realistically reproduce the tire operating scenario of a vehicle under actual driving conditions, and the measured tire particulate matter emission results are highly accurate. In addition, the measurement equipment involved in the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions is all vehicle-mounted equipment, with a high degree of integration, and relatively simple equipment installation, which can reduce personnel costs during the test process. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions comes with a built-in data acquisition module 9 and a main control computer, which can automatically process test data and output results, thereby improving test efficiency while reducing the probability of human error.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0060] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions, characterized in that: It includes: A sampling module (1), the sampling module (1) being used to be installed on the rear side of a tire of a vehicle, the sampling module (1) being connected to a main sampling pipe (2), and the main sampling pipe (2) being provided with a main flow meter (21); a particle quantity measurement module (3) connected to the main sampling tube (2), the particle quantity measurement module (3) being used to measure the concentration of particles sampled from the main sampling tube (2); a particle mass sampling module (4), which is connected to the main sampling tube (2), and the particle mass sampling module (4) is used to sample and collect particles from the main sampling tube (2); a data processing module (5) connected to the particle quantity measurement module (3) and the particle mass sampling module (4) by signal, the data processing module (5) being used to calculate the quantity and mass of tire wear particle emissions of the vehicle under actual driving conditions using data measured by the particle quantity measurement module (3) and the main flow meter (21) and data obtained by weighing the particles collected by the particle mass sampling module (4); The sampling module (1) comprises a sampling housing (11), wherein an upper sampling chamber (111) and a lower sampling chamber (112) are provided in the sampling housing (11), and the sampling housing (11) is provided with a first sampling opening (113) corresponding to the upper sampling chamber (111) and the lower sampling chamber (112), and the upper sampling chamber (111) and the lower sampling chamber (112) are both communicated with the main sampling tube (2); The sampling module (1) further comprises an upper extension plate (14), wherein a cavity is provided in the upper extension plate (14), and the cavity is communicated with the upper sampling cavity (111), and the upper extension plate (14) is arc-shaped and has a second sampling opening; The upper wall surface of the upper sampling cavity (111) bends and extends downward and backward from the first sampling opening (113), and the lower wall surface of the upper sampling cavity (111) bends and extends upward and backward from the first sampling opening (113); The upper wall surface of the lower sampling cavity (112) bends and extends upward and backward from the first sampling opening (113), and the lower wall surface of the lower sampling cavity (112) bends and extends upward and backward from the first sampling opening (113).

2. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions further comprises a sampling mounting bracket (6), wherein the sampling mounting bracket (6) fixes the sampling module (1) below the vehicle and behind the tire.

3. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling module (1) further comprises: A sampling integrated device (12), wherein the sampling integrated device (12) is provided with an upper sampling nozzle (121) corresponding to the upper sampling cavity (111), and a lower sampling nozzle (122) corresponding to the lower sampling cavity (112), and the upper sampling nozzle (121) is communicated with the upper sampling cavity (111), and the lower sampling nozzle (122) is communicated with the lower sampling cavity (112); A pre-filter (13), one side of the pre-filter (13) is connected to the sampling integrated device (12), and the other side is connected to the main sampling pipe (2).

4. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle quantity measurement module (3) comprises: A particle quantity sampling probe is located in the center of the main sampling tube (2), facing the airflow direction and parallel to the main sampling tube (2); A particle quantity analysis device (31) is connected to the particle quantity sampling probe via a first sampling pump (32), and the particle quantity analysis device (31) is used to measure the concentration of particles sampled from the main sampling pipe (2).

5. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The particle quantity measurement module (3) further includes: a particle quantity sampling flowmeter (33), the particle quantity sampling flowmeter (33) being connected between the first sampling pump (32) and the particle quantity analysis device (31); A particle quantity sampling return pipe (34), one end of which is connected to the particle quantity analysis device (31), and the other end of which is connected to the main sampling pipe (2).

6. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particulate matter mass sampling module (4) comprises: A particulate matter mass sampling probe is located in the center of the main sampling tube (2), facing the airflow direction and parallel to the main sampling tube (2); a filter paper holder (41), wherein the filter paper holder (41) is provided with filter paper, and the filter paper holder (41) is connected to the particulate matter mass sampling probe, and the filter paper holder (41) is used to collect the particulate matter sampled in the main sampling tube (2); A particle mass sampling flowmeter (42) is connected to the filter paper holder (41) via a second sampling pump (43), and the particle mass sampling flowmeter (42) is used to measure the particle mass sampling flow rate sampled from the main sampling pipe (2).

7. The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions further includes: GPS and weather station (7), the GPS and weather station (7) are used to collect vehicle speed, mileage, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure data during the test; A data acquisition module (9), wherein the data acquisition module (9) is signal-connected to the data processing module (5), the data acquisition module (9) is signal-connected to the GPS and the weather station (7), and the data acquisition module (9) is also signal-connected to the particulate matter quantity measurement module (3) and the particulate matter mass sampling module (4).

8. A vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission test method, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Installing the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under actual driving conditions as claimed in claim 1 on a vehicle; The vehicle is tested on the road under actual driving conditions, and the tire wear particulate matter emissions are sampled and analyzed using the vehicle tire wear particulate matter emission measurement system under the actual driving conditions, and the emission quantity and emission quality of the tire wear particulate matter are calculated.

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