A wind power hydrogen production system, power distribution and shift optimization control method

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a wind power hydrogen production system, a power distribution and shift optimization control method, and relates to the technical field of wind power hydrogen production, comprising: an adaptive power distribution module, an execution module and an electrolytic cell array, the adaptive power distribution module comprising a calculation module, by analyzing the relationship between the input power of the electrolytic cell array and the efficiency of the electrolytic cell array, an efficiency optimization model is constructed, and methods such as power adaptive distribution and shift strategy are adopted, the efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system is improved, and the service life of the electrolytic cell is prolonged, which provides an effective way for large-scale hydrogen production of wind power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wind power hydrogen production, and in particular to a wind power hydrogen production system, and a power distribution and rotation optimization control method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing prominence of environmental problems, wind energy, as a rich resource, has huge potential. Wind power generation has become one of the most promising renewable energy sources in the world.

[0003] As wind power installed capacity continues to increase, the volatility and intermittency of wind power generation are becoming increasingly prominent. This can lead to excess or unabsorbed wind power, leading to serious wind curtailment. To address wind power curtailment and further improve wind energy efficiency, the combination of wind power and hydrogen has attracted widespread attention in recent years. As an efficient and clean energy medium with energy storage and transfer capabilities, hydrogen can provide a sustainable energy storage and smooth energy absorption solution for wind power systems. By converting wind energy into hydrogen, excess electricity can be used in electrolyzers to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis. This energy can then be reused during periods of peak energy demand or calm wind conditions, releasing it through combustion or fuel cell power generation. Its zero-emission, renewable, and widely distributed nature can effectively reduce dependence on traditional fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions, offering a key avenue for achieving sustainable development and addressing climate change.

[0004] However, there are currently some challenges and problems in the field of wind power hydrogen production, such as unreasonable power distribution of the electrolyzer array resulting in low electrolyzer efficiency, and the impact of wind power volatility on the life of the electrolyzer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a wind power hydrogen production system, power distribution and rotation optimization control method, which can improve the efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system and extend the life of the electrolyzer through power adaptive distribution and rotation strategy.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a wind power hydrogen production system for connecting to a wind power module, the wind power hydrogen production system comprising: an adaptive power allocation module, an execution module, and an electrolyzer array;

[0007] The input end of the adaptive power allocation module is electrically connected to the output end of the wind power module, the output end of the adaptive power allocation module is electrically connected to the input end of the execution module, and the output end of the execution module is electrically connected to the input end of the electrolytic cell array;

[0008] The electrolytic cell array includes a plurality of electrolytic cells connected in parallel, and the number of the electrolytic cells is greater than or equal to 4;

[0009] The adaptive power allocation module includes a calculation module, which is used to obtain the optimal working range of the electrolyzer according to the relationship curve between the output power of the wind power module and the efficiency of the electrolyzer;

[0010] The calculation module is also used to model the efficiency of the electrolyzer array, as follows:

[0011]

[0012] Where: η z is the overall efficiency of the electrolyzer array; P1, P2...P n is the power of each electrolytic cell; η el i is the efficiency of each electrolyzer;

[0013] Set constraints on the above formula:

[0014] Used to calculate the optimal solution for the efficiency of the electrolytic cell array under the constraint state; P w is wind power;

[0015] The calculation module is also used to calculate the real-time output wind power P of the wind power module according to the electrolytic cell efficiency under the optimal solution state. w Fitting with the electrolyzer array efficiency, the turning power P is obtained i , by judging the real-time output wind power P of the wind power module w With the turning power P i Size, determine the number of electrolytic cells K and target power P put into operation 目 .

[0016] In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure further provides a power allocation and rotation optimization control method, comprising:

[0017] S1: The wind power module converts the wind power P w Output to the input end of the adaptive power distribution module;

[0018] S2: The calculation module in the adaptive power allocation module models the efficiency of the electrolyzer and outputs the wind power P in real time. w The relationship curve between MW and electrolyzer efficiency shows that the optimal working range of the electrolyzer is 0.5-1.5MW.

[0019] The calculation module models the efficiency of the electrolyzer array with the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Where: η z is the overall efficiency of the electrolyzer array; P1, P2...Pn is the power of each electrolytic cell; η el i is the efficiency corresponding to the power of each electrolyzer;

[0022] Set constraints on the above formula: P w is wind power;

[0023] Introducing the Lagrange multiplier variable, the above formula is converted into a new function form, as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Taking partial derivatives of the above formula, we get the following partial differential equations:

[0026]

[0027] The optimal solution for the electrolytic cell array efficiency under the constraint state is: P1=P2=...=P n ;

[0028] The calculation module calculates the real-time output wind power P of the wind power module according to the electrolytic cell efficiency under the optimal solution state. w Fitting with the electrolyzer array efficiency, the turning power P is obtained i , compared with wind power P w With the turning power P i The size of the electrolytic cells K and the target power P to be put into operation is determined 目 ;

[0029] S3: The execution module takes the number K of electrolytic cells put into operation in step S2 and the target power P 目 The signal instructions are transmitted to the electrolytic cell array and the operation instructions are executed;

[0030] S4: The rotation optimization control module monitors the operating time of the K electrolytic cells currently in operation in the electrolytic cell array. When the operating time reaches the rotation period T min When , the K+Rth electrolytic cell is put into operation, and the Rth electrolytic cell stops operating.

[0031] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0032] 1. By analyzing the relationship between the input power of the electrolyzer array and the efficiency of the electrolyzer array, an electrolyzer array efficiency optimization model is constructed. The power distribution of the electrolyzer array is dynamically adjusted according to the wind power power and electrolyzer efficiency to achieve efficiency improvement of the wind power hydrogen production system;

[0033] 2. When the electrolytic cell array is operating near its maximum efficiency point, a periodic rotation control strategy is implemented to extend the service life of the electrolytic cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 The figure shows a topological structure diagram of a wind power hydrogen production system;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the wind power hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 3 A graph showing the relationship between wind power and electrolyzer efficiency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 4 This is the efficiency curve corresponding to average power distribution and simple power distribution;

[0040] Figure 5 A graph showing the relationship between wind power and electrolyzer array system efficiency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation operation of the electrolytic cell array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell array rotation process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 8 Comparison curves of the active and reactive power output of the wind power system VSG, the grid-connected active and reactive power, and the total power of the electrolyzer array in the MATLAB model described in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Middle VSG output voltage, current curve, frequency curve;

[0045] Figure 10 The power diagrams for the electrolytic cell arrays according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, including average distribution, sequential distribution, and adaptive distribution, are provided;

[0046] Figure 11 The electrolyzer array system efficiency curves corresponding to the adaptive allocation method, the simple allocation method, and the average allocation method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure are shown;

[0047] Figure 12 Comparison curve of the active and reactive power output, grid-connected active and reactive power, and total power of the electrolyzer array of the wind power system VSG in Inner Mongolia according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Middle VSG output voltage, current curve, frequency curve;

[0049] Figure 14 for Figure 12 The corresponding electrolyzer array adaptive power allocation diagram;

[0050] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the working steps of the wind power hydrogen production system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict.

[0052] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0053] As large-scale centralized wind farms expand, their capacities have reached hundreds of megawatts. To effectively absorb this large-scale wind power, wind power hydrogen production systems require the coordinated operation of multiple electrolyzers, forming an electrolyzer array to match the wind farm's output. Figure 1 The figure shows a topological structure diagram of a wind power hydrogen production system. In this wind power hydrogen production system topology, 20% of the wind power is connected to the grid, and 80% is used to produce hydrogen. The electrolyzer array plays a core role. The present disclosure connects multiple electrolyzers in parallel on the AC bus and adopts a coordinated control strategy. Each electrolyzer is connected to an independent converter to achieve separate control. Through an adaptive power allocation strategy, the power of each electrolyzer is adjusted in real time, so that the overall system operates in the optimal state and ensures the highest efficiency. The above is the inventive concept of the present disclosure, which will be described in detail below.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wind power hydrogen production system structure according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The present disclosure provides a wind power hydrogen production system 100, which is used to connect to a wind power module. The wind power hydrogen production system 100 includes: an adaptive power distribution module 20, an execution module 30, and an electrolyzer array 40; the input end 21 of the adaptive power distribution module 20 is electrically connected to the output end of the wind power module, the output end 22 of the adaptive power distribution module 20 is electrically connected to the input end 31 of the execution module 30, and the output end 32 of the execution module 30 is electrically connected to the input end 41 of the electrolyzer array 40; that is, from the output end of the wind power module to the direction of the electrolyzer array 40, the adaptive power distribution module 20 and the execution module 30 are connected in sequence, and the adaptive power distribution module 20 is used to convert the wind power P output by the wind power module into the wind power P output by the wind power module. w The K electrolytic cells 42 put into operation in the electrolytic cell array 40 are allocated according to the preset model, and the wind power P w Adaptively adjust the number of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation and the target power P of the electrolytic cells 42 put into operation 目 .

[0055] The electrolytic cell array 40 includes multiple parallel electrolytic cells 42, and the number of electrolytic cells 42 is greater than or equal to 4; in an optional embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the number of electrolytic cells 42 can be 4, 5, 6, 8, 10... and so on, which can be set according to actual needs and are not listed here one by one.

[0056] The adaptive power allocation module 20 includes a calculation module 23, which is used to calculate the wind power P output by the wind power module. w Calculate the number of electrolytic cells K and target power P required to be put into operation 目 .

[0057] Figure 3 For the relationship curve between wind power and electrolyzer efficiency in the embodiment of the present disclosure, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 It reflects that the efficiency of electrolyzer 42 changes with the wind power P w The changing trend of input. It can be seen that as the input wind power P w As the power increases, the efficiency of the electrolytic cell 42 first rises to a peak value, reaching a maximum of about 80% at about 0.5MW, and then begins to decline. This is because excessive power will cause the electrolysis reaction rate to exceed the electrolyte membrane's tolerance, and part of the electrical energy will be converted into heat energy and no longer participate in electrolysis. When the input wind power P w When the power input reaches 1.5 MW, although the efficiency decreases, the hydrogen production capacity is maximized. When the input power reaches the rated power of 2.0 MW, the efficiency drops to approximately 60%. Therefore, considering efficiency, hydrogen production capacity, and hydrogen purity, the optimal operating range of electrolyzer 42 is 0.5-1.5 MW.

[0058] The calculation module 23 is also used to model the efficiency of the electrolyzer array 40, and the formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Where: η z is the overall efficiency of the electrolytic cell array 40; P1, P2...P n is the power of each electrolytic cell 42; η el i is the efficiency of each electrolyzer 42 corresponding to its power, specifically referring to the efficiency of the electrolyzer in converting electrical energy into hydrogen. The efficiency of a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) electrolyzer is typically between 60% and 80%, depending on the type of electrolyzer, the operating conditions of the electrolyzer, and the maintenance of the electrolyzer;

[0061] P w is the wind power, and the constraints for the above formula are set as follows:

[0062] Based on the analysis of the above formula, it can be concluded that the extreme value problem of a multivariate function with equality constraints requires the introduction of Lagrange multipliers. After the introduction of Lagrange multiplier variables, the objective function will be modified into a new function form, as shown below:

[0063]

[0064] By introducing the Lagrange multiplier λ, a constrained problem can be transformed into an unconstrained problem, and the optimal solution can be obtained by solving a set of equations. The partial differentiation result is shown below, which represents a linear combination of the partial derivatives of the objective function with respect to each variable and the partial derivatives of the constraints. By solving the following system of equations, the values ​​of the variables and the multiplier λ can be determined, as well as the optimal solution to the objective function.

[0065]

[0066] Calculation shows that when P1=P2=...=P n =P w / n, F(P1, P2, ... P n ) is η z By obtaining a set of optimal solutions and distributing power equally to each electrolytic cell 42 , the system can achieve the highest energy utilization efficiency.

[0067] With an average allocation strategy, regardless of power demand, the number of electrolytic cells participating in operation remains constant, and the input power is distributed equally to each electrolytic cell, ensuring consistent output power across all cells. Of course, in addition to the average allocation strategy, in some other embodiments of the present disclosure, a simple allocation strategy may also be employed, whereby electrolytic cells are started sequentially, with the next electrolytic cell started only when the previous cell reaches its maximum output power. Figure 4 The following are the efficiency curves for average and simple power allocation. When the output power is low, the average allocation strategy is less efficient than the simple allocation strategy. This is because the average allocation strategy requires all four electrolyzers to be activated, and electrolyzers are less efficient at low loads, resulting in a decrease in overall system efficiency. The simple allocation strategy, on the other hand, only activates one electrolyzer, resulting in higher system efficiency. However, as the input power increases, the system efficiency of the simple allocation strategy drops sharply. The present disclosure allows for flexible adjustment of the allocation strategy based on the input power.

[0068] The calculation module 23 is also used to calculate the wind power P output of the wind power module in real time according to the power efficiency of the electrolytic cell 42 in the optimal solution state. w Fitting with the efficiency of the electrolyzer array 40, the turning power P is obtained i , by judging the real-time output power P of the wind power module w With the turning power P i Size, determine the number K of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation and the target power P 目 Thus, by analyzing the wind power P w The relationship between the number of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation and the target power is determined. When the wind power P w When the energy fluctuation occurs, the number of electrolyzers 42 put into operation and the target power are also dynamically adjusted, which can improve the energy utilization efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system 100, improve the efficiency distribution of the electrolyzer array 40, and reduce operating costs.

[0069] Optionally, the wind turbine module connected to the present disclosure may be, for example, a grid-connected direct-drive wind turbine, which may include a wind turbine, a machine-side converter, a grid-side converter, a filter circuit, etc. The machine-side converter utilizes a traditional vector control strategy with a DC voltage outer loop and a current inner loop; the grid-side converter utilizes VSG control, which allows for flexible distribution of wind turbine grid-connected active and reactive power, improving voltage and frequency stability at the grid connection point.

[0070] Optionally, in the wind power hydrogen production system disclosed herein, the electrolyzers in the electrolyzer array utilize proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. Proton exchange membrane electrolyzers offer smaller size and weight, lower power consumption, inherent ability to handle transient power variations, high gas purity, and the ability to compress air at higher pressures and with greater safety within the device. A proton exchange membrane electrolyzer primarily consists of a cathode, an anode, and a proton exchange membrane. Its operating principle is to use electrolysis to decompose water into oxygen, protons, and electrons. Through this operating principle, the electrolyzer can effectively decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen.

[0071] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 4 In an optional embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the adaptive power allocation module 20 further includes a control module 24, which is used to adjust the actual power of the electrolytic cell 42 put into operation to the target power P in real time. 目 .

[0072] Specifically, when the adaptive power allocation module 20 is based on the wind power P output by the wind power module in real time, w The real-time target power P of each electrolytic cell 42 branches is obtained by allocation 目 , the actual power of each electrolytic cell 42 to be put into operation is compared with the target power P to be input 目 The difference is made to obtain an error signal, and then the error signal is processed by the control module 24 to obtain the reference current value required by each electrolytic cell 42 to be put into operation. The operating current can be adjusted by the reference current value to achieve the power distribution goal. In this way, the fluctuating wind power P w The target power P of each electrolytic cell 42 obtained by allocation 目 The control module 24 can adjust the actual power of the electrolytic cell 42 to the target power P in a timely manner. 目 , and then dynamically adjust the operating power of the electrolyzer array 40 to improve the efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system 100.

[0073] Figure 5 For the relationship curve between wind power and electrolyzer array system efficiency in the embodiment of the present disclosure, please refer to Figure 3 In an optional embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the calculation module 23 in the adaptive power allocation module 20 is further used to compare the wind power P output by the wind power module. w With the turning power P i The numerical value of is used to determine the number of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation. The specific comparison process is as follows:

[0074] When the wind power P w Less than or equal to the turning power P i When the number of electrolytic cells currently in operation is kept at 42, the number K is w Greater than the turning power Pi When the wind power P w is greater than P w , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is greater than 3, and K is a positive integer. w When the wind power P i is less than or equal to P i1 , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is 1. i2 When the wind power P i3 is greater than P i1 and less than or equal to P i2 , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is 2. i3 When the wind power P w is greater than P i1 and less than or equal to P w , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is 3. i1 When the wind power P i2 is greater than P w , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is greater than 3, and K is a positive integer.

[0075] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 , in an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the turning power P i includes P i1 , P i2 , P i3 , wherein P i1 < P i2 < P i3 ;

[0076] When the wind power P w is less than or equal to P i1 , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is 1.

[0077] When the wind power P w is greater than P i1 and less than or equal to P i2 , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is 2.

[0078] When the wind power P w is greater than P i2 and less than or equal to P i3 , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is 3.

[0079] When the wind power P w is greater than P i3 , the number K of the electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is greater than 3, and K is a positive integer.

[0080] Specifically, according to the electrolytic cell array 40 efficiency model in the calculation module 23, the present disclosure uses least squares polynomial fitting to approximate the relationship between the efficiency of a single electrolytic cell 42 and the power. Through the fitting function, the efficiency change of the electrolytic cell 42 under different powers can be more accurately described, and the fitting function is specifically:

[0081] f(p)=a*e (b*p) +c*e (d*p)

[0082] Among them, the parameters a, b, c, and d are obtained through fitting, which reflect the efficiency of the electrolyzer array 40 system and the wind power P w For the same type of electrolyzers 42 in the electrolyzer array 40 system, their efficiency increases with the input wind power P w The changing trends of are very similar. Therefore, the above equation can be used to represent the efficiency characteristics of the entire electrolytic cell array 40 system. In this embodiment, the efficiency curves of four electrolytic cells 42 in operation are fitted. In the specific modeling process, more than four electrolytic cells 42 can also be fitted, such as 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, etc., which are not listed here one by one.

[0083] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 In an optional embodiment provided by the present disclosure, under the same wind power P w Under the above conditions, the total efficiency of the electrolytic cell array 40 system is fitted when 1, 2, 3, and 4 electrolytic cells 42 are put into operation, respectively, to obtain curves L1, L2, L3, and L4. That is, when only one electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the system working efficiency curve of the electrolytic cell array 40 is L1; when two electrolytic cells 42 are put into operation, the system working efficiency curve of the electrolytic cell array 40 is L2; ​​when three electrolytic cells 42 are put into operation, the system working efficiency curve of the electrolytic cell array 40 is L3; when four electrolytic cells 42 are put into operation, the system working efficiency curve of the electrolytic cell array 40 is L4. The intersection of curves L1 and L2 is taken to obtain the turning power P i1 , take the intersection point of curves L2 and L3, and you can get the turning power P i2 , take the intersection point of curves L3 and L4, and you can get the turning power P i3 , where P i1 <P i2 <P i3 In this embodiment, the turning power P i1 0.8MW, turning power P i2 1.4MW, turning power P i3 is 1.9MW, that is, when the wind power output of the wind power module P w Less than or equal to the turning power P i1 When the wind power output of the wind power module is 0.8MW, the number of electrolyzers currently in operation is kept at 1; when the wind power output of the wind power module is P w Greater than the turning power P i1 0.8MW is less than or equal to the turning power P i2 When the wind power output of the wind power module is 1.4MW, it is determined to put into use a new electrolytic cell 42. The number of electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation is 2. w Greater than the turning power Pi2 The 1.4MW is less than or equal to the turning power P i3 When the wind power output of the wind power module is 1.9MW, the number of electrolyzers currently in operation is kept at 3; when the wind power output of the wind power module is P w Greater than the turning power P i3 When the wind power P is 1.9MW, after the new electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the number K of the currently operating electrolytic cells 42 is greater than 3, and K is a positive integer; in this way, the calculation module 23 in the adaptive power allocation module 20 can compare the wind power P w With the turning power P i The number of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is determined by the size of the electrolytic cell 42, which reduces the situation where some electrolytic cells 42 are overloaded and some electrolytic cells 42 are idle. w The number of electrolyzers 42 put into operation is adjusted at any time according to fluctuations in the wind power generation system 100, thereby improving the working efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system 100.

[0084] In an optional embodiment provided by the present disclosure, when the number of electrolytic cells 42 in operation is K, the target power P of the K electrolytic cells 42 put into operation in the electrolytic cell array 40 is 目 P w / K.

[0085] Specifically, when allocating the power of the electrolyzer array 40 system, the optimal solution obtained from the above-mentioned electrolyzer array 40 efficiency model shows that when each electrolyzer 42 inputs the same power, the wind power hydrogen production system 100 can operate at the highest efficiency. w With the turning power P i After determining the number K of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation based on the size of w / K, it should be noted that K in this embodiment is not a fixed value, but a variable value, that is, when the wind power P W Less than the turning power P i1 When the number K of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is determined to be 1, the target power P of one electrolytic cell 42 put into operation is 目 P w / 1; when wind power P W Greater than the turning power P i1 Less than or equal to the turning power P i2 When the number K of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is determined to be 2; at this time, the target power P of the two electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is 目 P w / 2; when the wind power output of the wind power module P w Greater than the turning power P i2 Less than or equal to the turning power P i3When the number K of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is determined to be 3; at this time, the target power P of the three electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is 目 P w / 3; when the wind power output of the wind power module P w Greater than the turning power P i3 When the number K of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is greater than 3, the target power P of the K electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is 目 P w / K, and K is a positive integer; in this way, the calculation module 23 in the adaptive power allocation module 20 can make real-time adjustments to the number of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation according to the fluctuating wind power, and then evenly distribute the power of the electrolytic cells 42 put into operation after real-time adjustment, which can improve the working efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system 100 and reduce the reduction in the life of the electrolytic cells 42 due to the fluctuation of wind power caused by uneven efficiency distribution.

[0086] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 5 In an optional embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the wind power hydrogen production system 100 also includes a rotation optimization control module 50. In this embodiment, the output end of the wind power module is electrically connected to the input end 21 of the adaptive power allocation module 20, the input end 51 of the rotation optimization control module 50 is electrically connected to the output end 22 of the adaptive power allocation module 20, the output end 52 of the rotation optimization control module 50 is electrically connected to the input end 31 of the execution module 30, and the output end 32 of the execution module 30 is electrically connected to the input end 41 of the electrolyzer array 40.

[0087] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell array rotation operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell array rotation process according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 1 to 7 , when the operation of the K electrolytic cells 42 is as long as the rotation period T min When the working state of the electrolytic cells 42 is changed, the rotation optimization control module 50 is used to rotate the working state of the electrolytic cells 42 put into operation according to the circular queue.

[0088] Specifically, when the calculation module 23 in the adaptive power allocation module 20 uses the established model and the input wind power P w and the performance characteristics of the electrolytic cells 42, calculate the optimal number of electrolytic cells 42 and the target power P allocated to each electrolytic cell 42 put into operation 目 , in order to achieve the highest hydrogen production power and efficiency. Then, combined with the rotation optimization control method pre-set in the rotation optimization control module 50, the operating time of each electrolyzer 42 is dynamically adjusted under the condition of pre-allocation of the optimal hydrogen production power. The electrolyzer operating conditions can be divided into the following two types. The corresponding cycle strategy can be selected according to different operating conditions, as follows:

[0089] The first is the non-overload power condition. Under this condition, P w <P ik .

[0090] According to the adaptive power allocation strategy, the number of electrolytic cells 42 to be started and the power distribution can be determined to achieve effective time sharing under power fluctuation conditions, thereby increasing the service life of the electrolytic cells 42. The operating power of the electrolytic cells 42 under non-overload conditions is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] When the running time of the electrolytic cell 42 reaches the rotation period T min When the working state is rotated according to the circular queue,

[0093]

[0094] It should be noted that the adaptive power allocation module 20 of the present disclosure illustrates an example of the transition power P obtained by fitting the efficiency of the four electrolytic cells 42 used in the efficiency modeling of the electrolytic cell array 40. i Including P i1 , P i2 , P i3 In actual operation, more than 4 electrolytic cells 42 can be used for modeling. For example, when K+1 electrolytic cells 42 are used to model the efficiency of the electrolytic cell array 40, K turning points can be obtained by fitting the efficiency curves of K+1 electrolytic cells 42, and the turning power P obtained by fitting is i Including P i1 , P i2 , P i3 ......P i(k-1) , P ik , so when the wind power P w Greater than the turning power P i(k-1) and less than the turning power P ik When the number of electrolytic cells 42 to be put into operation is K, the power of the K electrolytic cells 42 put into operation is P, which can be obtained by the calculation module 23 in the adaptive power allocation module 20 as described above. w / K, at this time, the electrolytic cells 42 from K+1 to n are all in an idle state. In this way, when the wind power P w Less than the turning power P i When the electrolytic cell 42 in operation is operated in a non-overloaded state, the electrolytic cell 42 in operation is rotated in sequence when the rotation cycle is reached. w Under fluctuation conditions, the effective working time of each electrolytic cell 42 is effectively evenly distributed, and the service life of the electrolytic cell 42 is further increased by rotating the circular queue.

[0095] It should be noted that the electrolytic cell 42 can operate at 0.2-1.2 times of the rated power, and the above-mentioned "non-overload power state" means that the electrolytic cell 42 operates at a power less than or equal to 1 times of the rated power.

[0096] The second is the overload power condition. Under this condition, P w >P ik .

[0097] The power of the first electrolytic cell 42 is increased to an overload factor α times the rated power, so that it is in an overload operation state. w If it is greater than the total rated power of the electrolytic cells put into operation, it means that there is still excess wind power that cannot be absorbed, and the next electrolytic cell 42 is also placed in an overload state, and so on, until all electrolytic cells 42 are in an overload state.

[0098]

[0099] After determining the number of electrolytic cells in overload state, the rotation strategy can be used to rotate the electrolytic cell when the operating time of each electrolytic cell reaches the rotation period T. min The overload state is rotated when the load is too high.

[0100]

[0101] Among them, α is the overload coefficient, P ε is the rated power of the electrolytic cell 42; in an optional embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the operating condition of the electrolytic cell 42 put into operation in the electrolytic cell array 40 is an overload power state. Wind power P w Greater than the turning power P i , increase the power of the first electrolytic cell 42 put into operation to the rated power P ε times the overload factor, making it in overload operation state; if the remaining wind power P w -1.2P ε If the total rated power of the remaining electrolytic cells 42 is still greater than the total rated power of the remaining electrolytic cells 42 in operation, it means that there is still excess wind power that cannot be absorbed, then the next electrolytic cell 42 will also be placed in the overload state, and so on, until all electrolytic cells 42 are in the overload state. After determining the number of electrolytic cells 42 in the overload state, the rotation strategy can be used to rotate the electrolytic cells 42 in operation when the operating time reaches the rotation period T. min For example, when the operation time of the electrolytic cell 42 from the 1st to the kth electrolytic cell 42 in the overload state reaches the rotation period T minWhen the first electrolytic cell 42 is adjusted to an idle state, the k+1th electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation. At this time, the operation state of the second to k+1th electrolytic cells 42 is adjusted to an overload state, and the k+2th to nth electrolytic cells 42 are in a rated power state. Similarly, when the operation time of the second to k+1th electrolytic cells 42 in an overload state reaches the rotation period T min , the 1st and 2nd electrolytic cells 42 are adjusted to idle states, the k+2th electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the operating states of the 3rd to k+2th electrolytic cells 42 are adjusted to overload states, the k+3th to nth electrolytic cells 42 are in rated power states... and so on, which are not described one by one here; in this way, the operating states of the electrolytic cells 42 can be adjusted according to different input working conditions, and the electrolytic cells 42 put into operation can be rotated in overload states in a circular queue to achieve optimal power distribution.

[0102] It should be noted that the above-mentioned “circular queue” means that when the K+Rth electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the Rth electrolytic cell 42 stops operating.

[0103] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the electrolytic cell array 40 includes n electrolytic cells 42, wherein n is greater than K and is a positive integer. When K electrolytic cells 42 in the electrolytic cell array 40 are put into operation, the rotation optimization control module 50 of the present disclosure is used to perform rotation optimization control on the electrolytic cells 42 in the electrolytic cell array 40 in sequence along the circular queue, that is, when the operation time of the electrolytic cells 42 from the 1st to the Kth put into use reaches the rotation period T min When the second rotation cycle 2T begins min , the K+1th electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the first electrolytic cell 42 is in an idle state, and the K+2th electrolytic cell 42 and the subsequent electrolytic cells 42 are all in an idle state; similarly, the operation time of the second to K+1th electrolytic cells 42 reaches the rotation period T min When the third rotation cycle 3T is entered min At this time, the K+2th electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the 1st and 2nd electrolytic cells 42 are in an idle state, and the K+3th to nth electrolytic cells 42 are all in an idle state..., and so on. When the K+Rth electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the Rth electrolytic cell 42 stops operating, where R is greater than 0 and is a positive integer.

[0104] It should be noted that when the nth electrolytic cell 42 is put into operation, the nKth to nth electrolytic cells 42 are in operation. When their operation time reaches the rotation period T min After that, when no electrolytic cell 42 can be newly put into operation, the queue will continue to be circulated from the first electrolytic cell 42. wUnder fluctuation conditions, the operating time of the electrolytic cells 42 in the electrolytic cell array 40 is made equivalent as much as possible, so as to reduce the difference in loss between the electrolytic cells 42 and extend the service life of the electrolytic cells 42 .

[0105] Figure 8 Comparison curves of the active and reactive power output of the wind power system VSG, the grid-connected active and reactive power, and the total power of the electrolyzer array in the MATLAB model described in the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Middle VSG output voltage, current curve, frequency curve; Figure 10 The power diagrams for the electrolytic cell arrays according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, including average distribution, sequential distribution, and adaptive distribution, are provided; Figure 11 The electrolyzer array system efficiency curves corresponding to the adaptive allocation method, the simple allocation method, and the average allocation method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 12 Comparison curve of the active and reactive power output, grid-connected active and reactive power, and total power of the electrolyzer array of the wind power system VSG in Inner Mongolia according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Middle VSG output voltage, current curve, frequency curve; Figure 14 for Figure 12 The corresponding electrolyzer array adaptive power distribution diagram; please combine Figures 1 to 14 The above technical solution provided by the present disclosure is used to build a system model in MATLAB / Simulink. To verify the established model under given wind power output conditions, the wind power P is compared. w And the real-time power curve of 4 electrolytic cells 42. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The resulting curve can verify the efficiency advantage of adaptive power allocation.

[0106] Different power allocation strategies can affect the efficiency performance of the electrolyzer array 40 system. Through the power adaptive allocation strategy provided by the present disclosure, operation close to maximum efficiency can be achieved at different power levels. Figure 11 The efficiency curves of the electrolyzer array system under three allocation strategies are shown. Please refer to Figure 11 To verify the established model under given wind power efficiency P wUnder these conditions, the effects of three different power allocation strategies on the efficiency of the electrolyzer array 40 system were compared. The first electrolyzer 42 efficiency allocation method is the average power allocation shown by the M1 curve in the figure. Among the power allocation methods of the multi-electrolyzer array 40 system, the average allocation strategy is a common traditional strategy. Under this strategy, regardless of the required power, the number of electrolyzers 42 participating in the operation remains unchanged, and the input power is allocated to each electrolyzer 42 according to the principle of equality, so that the output power of each electrolyzer 42 remains consistent; the second electrolyzer 42 efficiency allocation method is the simple power allocation shown by the M2 curve in the figure. Under this strategy, the electrolyzers 42 are started one by one in sequence, and the next electrolyzer 42 is started only when the previous electrolyzer 42 works to its maximum output power; the third electrolyzer 42 efficiency allocation method is shown by the M3 curve in the figure, which is the power adaptive allocation provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Under this strategy, the electrolyzer 42 is adjusted according to the input fluctuating wind power P w Dynamically adjust the number K of electrolytic cells put into operation and the operating power of each electrolytic cell 42. As shown in the figure, the first power average distribution method is used when the wind power P input to the electrolytic cell 42 is w The second simple power distribution method has obvious advantages when the wind power P of the input electrolyzer 42 is higher. w The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an adaptive power allocation method regardless of the wind power P input to the electrolyzer 42. w High or low, both have obvious advantages over the other two allocation methods, that is, through the power adaptive allocation strategy, the electrolyzer array 40 can be operated at close to maximum efficiency at different power levels.

[0107] Figures 12 to 14 This study uses distributed wind power as a backdrop, selecting typical daily wind speed curves to investigate distributed wind power hydrogen production and grid-connected energy management strategies over a 24-hour period. Based on detailed data from a 10MW distributed direct-drive wind turbine in a region of Inner Mongolia, a wind power hydrogen production simulation model adapted to wind speed variations was constructed based on actual wind power data variations within a typical day. The fitted curves in the figure demonstrate that the wind power hydrogen production system, power allocation, and rotation optimization control method provided in this disclosure can dynamically improve electrolyzer power allocation in the region, thereby increasing wind power hydrogen production efficiency.

[0108] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the working steps of the wind power hydrogen production system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Please refer to Figures 1 to 15 The present disclosure also provides a power allocation and rotation optimization control method, including:

[0109] S1: Real-time output wind power P of the wind power module w Input terminal of the adaptive power distribution module 20;

[0110] S2: The calculation module in the adaptive power allocation module models the efficiency of the electrolyzer and outputs the wind power P in real time. w The relationship curve between MW and electrolyzer efficiency shows that the optimal working range of the electrolyzer is 0.5-1.5MW.

[0111] The calculation module 23 models the efficiency of the electrolyzer array 40 using the following formula:

[0112]

[0113] Where: η z is the overall efficiency of the electrolytic cell array 40; P1, P2...P n is the power of each electrolytic cell 42; η el i is the efficiency corresponding to the power of each electrolytic cell 42; P w is wind power;

[0114] Set constraints on the above formula:

[0115] Introducing the Lagrange multiplier variable, the above formula is converted into a new function form, as follows:

[0116]

[0117] Taking partial derivatives of the above formula, we get the following partial differential equations:

[0118]

[0119] The optimal solution for the efficiency of the electrolytic cell array 40 under the constraint state is: P1 = P2 = ... = P n ;

[0120] The calculation module 23 calculates the real-time output wind power P of the wind power module according to the power efficiency of the electrolytic cell 42 in the optimal solution state. w Fitting with the efficiency of the electrolyzer array 40, the turning power P is obtained i , compare P w With the turning power P i The size of the electrolytic cells 42 put into operation and the target power are determined;

[0121] S3: The execution module 30 transmits the number of electrolytic cells 42 put into operation in step S2 and the target power signal instruction to the electrolytic cell array 40, and executes the operation instruction;

[0122] S4: The rotation optimization control module 50 monitors the operating time of the K electrolytic cells 42 currently in operation in the electrolytic cell array 40. When the operating time reaches the rotation period T minAt this time, the K+Rth electrolyzer 42 is put into operation, while the Rth electrolyzer 42 is stopped. Thus, by designing an adaptive power allocation and rotation optimization method adapted to the wind power hydrogen production system 100, the power allocation of the electrolyzer array 40 can be dynamically adjusted based on the wind power and the efficiency of the electrolyzer 42, so that the electrolyzer array 40 operates near the maximum efficiency point, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system 100 and extending the service life of the electrolyzer 42.

[0123] In summary, the wind power hydrogen production system, power distribution and rotation optimization control method provided by the present invention achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0124] In a wind power hydrogen production system, power allocation and rotation optimization control method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, an electrolyzer array efficiency model is established in the calculation module to determine the optimal solution of the electrolyzer array efficiency and then determine the number of electrolyzers put into operation and the target power. When the wind power P w When the wind power P fluctuates, the number of electrolyzers put into operation and the target power are also dynamically adjusted, which can make the electrolyzers operate at close to maximum efficiency at different power levels, improve the efficiency distribution of the electrolyzer array, improve the energy utilization efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system, and reduce operating costs. The control module can adjust the wind power P according to the fluctuation of wind power P. w Timely adjust the actual power of the electrolyzer to the target power P 目 , and then dynamically adjust the operating power of the electrolyzer array to improve the efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system. The adaptive power allocation module can dynamically adjust the operating power of the electrolyzer array according to the dynamic wind power P output by the wind power module in real time. w To match the number of electrolyzers that need to be put into operation, reduce the situation where some electrolyzers are overloaded and some electrolyzers are idle, thereby improving the working efficiency of the wind power hydrogen production system. Reduce the reduction in electrolyzer life due to fluctuations in wind power due to uneven efficiency distribution. The rotation optimization control module adjusts the operating status of the electrolyzer according to different input conditions and rotates the electrolyzers in operation in an overload state in a circular queue, making the operating time of the electrolyzers in the electrolyzer array as equivalent as possible, reducing the loss difference between each electrolyzer and extending the service life of the electrolyzer.

[0125] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0126] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present disclosure, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather to be construed in the broadest manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A wind power hydrogen production system, used to connect with a wind power module, characterized in that: The wind power hydrogen production system includes: an adaptive power distribution module, an execution module and an electrolyzer array; The input end of the adaptive power allocation module is electrically connected to the output end of the wind power module, the output end of the adaptive power allocation module is electrically connected to the input end of the execution module, and the output end of the execution module is electrically connected to the input end of the electrolytic cell array; The electrolytic cell array includes a plurality of electrolytic cells connected in parallel, and the number of the electrolytic cells is greater than or equal to 4; The adaptive power allocation module includes a calculation module, which is used to obtain the optimal working range of the electrolyzer according to the relationship curve between the output power of the wind power module and the efficiency of the electrolyzer; The calculation module is also used to model the efficiency of the electrolyzer array, as follows: Where: η z is the overall efficiency of the electrolyzer array; P1, P2...P n is the power of each electrolytic cell; η el i is the efficiency of each electrolyzer; Set constraints on the above formula: Used to calculate the optimal solution for the efficiency of the electrolytic cell array under the constraint state; P w is wind power; The calculation module is also used to calculate the real-time output wind power P of the wind power module according to the electrolytic cell efficiency under the optimal solution state. w Fitting with the electrolyzer array efficiency, the turning power P is obtained i , by judging the real-time output wind power P of the wind power module w With the turning power P i Size, determine the number of electrolytic cells K and target power P put into operation 目 .

2. The wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive power distribution module also includes a control module, which is used to adjust the actual power of the electrolytic cell put into operation to the target power P in real time. 目 .

3. The wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the wind power P w Less than or equal to the turning power P i When , the electrolytic cell array maintains the number K of electrolytic cells currently in operation; When the wind power P w Greater than the turning power P i When the electrolytic cell array is put into operation, the new electrolytic cell is put into operation.

4. The wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turning power P i Including P i1 , P i2 , P i3 , where P i1 <P i2 <P i3 ; When the wind power P w Less than or equal to P i1 When , the number of electrolytic cells currently in operation is kept as K, where K is 1; When the wind power P w Greater than P i1 , and less than or equal to P i2 When a new electrolytic cell is put into operation, the number of electrolytic cells in operation K is 2; When the wind power P w Greater than P i2 , and less than or equal to P i3 When , the number of electrolytic cells currently in operation is kept as K, where K is 3; When the wind power P w Greater than P i3 , after the new electrolytic cell is put into operation, the number of electrolytic cells in operation K is greater than 3, and K is a positive integer.

5. The wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of electrolytic cells in operation is K, the target power P of the K electrolytic cells in operation in the electrolytic cell array is 目 P w / K.

6. The wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind power hydrogen production system further includes a rotation optimization control module, the input end of the rotation optimization control module is electrically connected to the output end of the adaptive power allocation module, and the output end of the rotation optimization control module is electrically connected to the input end of the execution module; When the operation of K electrolytic cells is as long as the rotation period T min When the working state of the electrolytic cells in operation is rotated according to the circular queue, the rotation optimization control module is used to rotate the working state of the electrolytic cells in operation according to the circular queue.

7. The wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circular queue means that when the K+Rth electrolytic cell is put into operation, the Rth electrolytic cell stops operating.

8. A power distribution and rotation optimization control method, characterized in that: include: S1: The wind power module converts the wind power P w Output to the input end of the adaptive power distribution module; S2: The calculation module in the adaptive power allocation module models the efficiency of the electrolyzer and outputs the wind power P in real time. w The relationship curve between MW and electrolyzer efficiency shows that the optimal working range of the electrolyzer is 0.5-1.5MW. The calculation module models the efficiency of the electrolyzer array with the following formula: Where: η z is the overall efficiency of the electrolyzer array; P1, P2...P n is the power of each electrolytic cell; η el i is the efficiency of each electrolyzer; Set constraints on the above formula: P w is wind power; Introducing the Lagrange multiplier variable, the above formula is converted into a new function form, as follows: Taking partial derivatives of the above formula, we get the following partial differential equations: The optimal solution for the electrolytic cell array efficiency under the constraint state is: P1=P2=...=P n ; The calculation module calculates the real-time output wind power P of the wind power module according to the electrolytic cell efficiency under the optimal solution state. w Fitting with the electrolyzer array efficiency, the turning power P is obtained i , compared with wind power P w With the turning power P i The size of the electrolytic cells K and the target power P to be put into operation is determined 目 ; S3: The execution module takes the number K of electrolytic cells put into operation in step S2 and the target power P 目 The signal instructions are transmitted to the electrolytic cell array and the operation instructions are executed; S4: The rotation optimization control module monitors the operating time of the K electrolytic cells currently in operation in the electrolytic cell array. When the operating time reaches the rotation period T min When , the K+Rth electrolytic cell is put into operation, and the Rth electrolytic cell stops operating.

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