Shell-and-tube reactor and methanol synthesis system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shell-and-tube reactor and a methanol synthesis system, wherein the shell-and-tube reactor includes a casing, an air inlet shell, a pneumatic valve, and a reaction tube group. The casing includes a body, a first support member, and a second support member, wherein the first support member and the second support member are connected to opposite ends of the body. A first air inlet chamber is connected to different second air inlet diversion chambers through different pneumatic valves, and the opening pressures of the pneumatic valves provided at the inlet ends of at least two second air inlet diversion chambers are different. A plurality of reaction tube groups are provided, and the reaction tube groups are connected one-to-one to the second air inlet chambers, and each reaction tube group includes one or at least two reaction tubes. By providing a second air inlet diversion chamber connected to different reaction tubes on the air inlet shell, and by having different numbers of pneumatic valves opened at different pressures, that is, the reaction is dynamically adjusted according to the airflow pressure in the first air inlet chamber, the fluctuation response capability of the shell-and-tube reactor provided by the present application is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reaction equipment, and in particular to a shell-and-tube reactor and a methanol synthesis system. Background Art

[0002] In a shell-and-tube reactor, a catalyst is usually placed in a reaction tube, and a plurality of reaction tubes are arranged in an array.

[0003] During a chemical reaction, the reaction gas enters the upstream space of all tubes through the air inlet, then flows into all reaction tubes, reacts under the action of the catalyst, and finally flows out of the reaction tubes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a shell-and-tube reactor having improved fluctuation response capability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a methanol synthesis system comprising the shell-and-tube reactor.

[0005] The shell-and-tube reactor provided in this application comprises:

[0006] a housing, the housing comprising a body, a first support member and a second support member, wherein the first support member and the second support member are connected to opposite ends of the body;

[0007] An air intake housing, the air intake housing being provided with an air inlet, the air intake housing being sealedly connected to the outer periphery of the first support member, the air intake housing being separated by a first partition into a first air intake chamber connected to the air inlet and a second air intake chamber connected to the first support member, and the second air intake chamber being divided by a second partition into at least two second air intake diversion chambers;

[0008] a pneumatic valve, the pneumatic valve being mounted on the first partition, the pneumatic valve being provided in plurality, the first air inlet cavity being connected to different second air inlet diversion cavities via different pneumatic valves, and the opening pressures of the pneumatic valves provided at the inlet ends of at least two of the second air inlet diversion cavities being different;

[0009] A plurality of reaction tube groups are provided, each of the reaction tube groups is connected one-to-one with the second air inlet chamber, and each of the reaction tube groups includes one or at least two reaction tubes, each of which is filled with a catalyst.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube reactor, the number of reaction tubes in each reaction tube group is the same or different, and all the reaction tubes are distributed in an array.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube reactor, all the second air inlet diversion chambers are distributed in a circular array, the volume of each second air inlet diversion chamber is the same, and when projected along the direction of airflow in the reaction tube, the projected area of ​​the first support member corresponding to each second air inlet diversion chamber is the same or different.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube reactor, the second partitions separate two adjacent second air inlet splitting chambers, one ends of all the second partitions are connected, and all the second partitions are radially distributed.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube reactor, the opening pressures of the pneumatic valves provided at the inlet ends of each of the second air inlet diversion chambers are different.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube reactor, a liquid cooling channel is formed between two adjacent reaction tubes inside the reactor body, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively provided at opposite ends of the reactor body.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube reactor, the shell-and-tube reactor further includes a baffle arranged in the liquid cooling channel, and a plurality of the baffles are provided. The baffles are arranged in sequence and spaced apart from each other along the direction from the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet to form the liquid cooling channel into a bent channel.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube reactor, the shell-and-tube reactor further comprises:

[0017] a gas outlet housing connected to the outer periphery of the second support member, the gas outlet housing and the second support member supporting each other to form a gas outlet chamber connected to the reaction tube, the gas outlet chamber being provided with an exhaust port and a discharge port;

[0018] Inert ceramic balls fill the gas outlet chamber.

[0019] A methanol synthesis system, comprising:

[0020] a carbon capture unit, wherein the carbon capture unit is used to capture carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide;

[0021] An electrolytic hydrogen production unit, wherein the electrolytic hydrogen production unit is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen to obtain hydrogen;

[0022] A methanol synthesis unit, wherein the methanol synthesis unit is a shell-and-tube reactor as described above, and the methanol synthesis unit is connected to the carbon capture unit and the electrolytic hydrogen production unit to obtain carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen as raw materials for reaction.

[0023] Optionally, the above-mentioned methanol synthesis system further comprises:

[0024] A gas processing unit, wherein the inlet of the gas processing unit is connected to the outlet of the carbon capture unit and the outlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, and the gas inflow of the carbon capture unit is dynamically adjusted according to the hydrogen production of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit to configure a reaction gas with a certain ratio; the gas processing unit is capable of pressurizing and preheating the reaction gas, the gas inlet of the methanol synthesis unit is connected to the outlet of the gas processing unit, and the number of reaction tubes participating in the reaction in the methanol synthesis unit is dynamically adjusted according to the pressure of the gas at the inlet, so as to achieve dynamic methanol synthesis;

[0025] A tail gas treatment unit connected to the outlet of the methanol synthesis unit to separate methanol from the exhaust gas of the methanol synthesis unit;

[0026] A methanol distillation unit is connected to the outlet of the tail gas treatment unit to distill the separated methanol.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the shell-and-tube reactor provided by the present invention includes a casing, an air inlet housing, a pneumatic valve, and a reaction tube group. The casing includes a body, a first support member, and a second support member, the first support member and the second support member being connected to opposite ends of the body. The air inlet housing is provided with an air inlet, which is sealed to the outer periphery of the first support member. The interior of the air inlet housing is separated by a first partition into a first air inlet chamber connected to the air inlet and a second air inlet chamber connected to the first support member. The second air inlet chamber is divided by a second partition into at least two second air inlet diversion chambers. A pneumatic valve is mounted on the first partition. Multiple pneumatic valves are provided. The first air inlet chamber is connected to different second air inlet diversion chambers via different pneumatic valves. The pneumatic valves installed at the inlet ends of at least two second air inlet diversion chambers have different opening pressures. Multiple reaction tube groups are provided, and the reaction tube groups are connected one-to-one with the second air inlet chambers. Each reaction tube group includes one or at least two reaction tubes. When a shell-and-tube reactor is required, the reaction gas is introduced into the first air inlet chamber through the air inlet. As the air pressure in the first air inlet chamber changes, the pneumatic valves with different pressure tolerances open, while the pneumatic valves that do not reach the pressure tolerances close. The reaction gas enters the corresponding second air inlet diversion chamber through the opened pneumatic valves, and then enters the reaction tube to react with the catalyst in the reaction tube.

[0028] From the above description, it can be seen that in the shell-and-tube reactor provided in the present application, a second air inlet diversion chamber connected to different reaction tubes is provided on the air inlet shell, and the number of pneumatic valves opened is different under different pressures, that is, the reaction is dynamically adjusted with the air flow pressure in the first air inlet chamber. Therefore, the fluctuation response capability of the shell-and-tube reactor provided in the present application is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a shell-and-tube reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of section A of the shell-and-tube reactor shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A layout diagram of the reaction tubes provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layout of the pneumatic valve and the second partition provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second air intake chamber in an air intake housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the installation position of a pneumatic valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the reaction tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the exterior of a second air intake chamber in an air intake housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the layout of the second partition in the second air inlet chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A top view of the second air intake chamber layout is shown;

[0040] Figure 11 for Figure 9 Bottom view of the second air intake chamber layout is shown.

[0041] in Figure 1-11Middle: 1-body, 2-first support member, 3-second support member, 4-air inlet shell, 5-air outlet shell, 6-pneumatic valve mounting hole, 7-second partition, 8-first air inlet chamber, 9-second air inlet chamber, 10-air inlet, 11-liquid outlet, 12-reaction tube, 13-baffle, 14-liquid inlet, 15-inert porcelain ball, 16-exhaust port, 17-first partition, 18-reaction tube mounting hole, 19-discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The core of the present invention is to provide a shell-and-tube reactor with improved fluctuation response capability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a methanol synthesis system including the shell-and-tube reactor.

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and implementation methods.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 .

[0045] In one embodiment, a shell-and-tube reactor provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a housing, an air inlet housing 4, a pneumatic valve, and a reaction tube assembly. The housing includes a body 1, a first support member 2, and a second support member 3, which are connected to opposite ends of the body 1. Specifically, the body 1 is a columnar structure with openings at both ends. Specifically, the body 1 may be a cylindrical hollow structure.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the first support member 2 and the second support member 3 are respectively positioned to cover the upper and lower openings of the body 1. Of course, if the body 1 has openings arranged horizontally on the left and right sides, the first support member 2 and the second support member 3 are respectively positioned to cover the left and right openings of the body 1. During assembly, the edges of the first support member 2 and the second support member 3 seal against the edges of the body 1. The placement of the body 1 is not limited to the two aforementioned configurations; in actual use, the placement angle of the body 1 can be adjusted as needed.

[0047] Specifically, the first support member 2 and the second support member 3 are preferably plate structures, specifically flat plate structures.

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, the air inlet housing 4 is provided with an air inlet 10. The air inlet housing 4 is sealedly connected to the outer periphery of the first support member 2. Specifically, the outer contour of the air inlet housing 4 is identical to the outer periphery of the first support member 2. A first baffle 17 is provided within the air inlet housing 4. The first baffle 17 separates the inner cavity of the air inlet housing 4 into a first air inlet chamber 8 connected to the air inlet 10 and a second air inlet chamber 9 connected to the first support member 2. Specifically, the outer periphery of the first baffle 17 is sealedly connected to the interior of the air inlet housing 4, or the air inlet housing 4 and the first baffle 17 are integrally formed. The air inlet 10 is preferably located at the centerline of the first air inlet chamber 8. The reactant gas enters the shell-and-tube reactor through the air inlet 10. The reactant gas temperature is preferably 50°C to 600°C, more preferably 200°C to 400°C, such as 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, 350°C, or 400°C.

[0049] The second air intake chamber 9 is divided into at least two second air intake diversion chambers by the second partition plate 7. Preferably, a plurality of second partition plates are provided, and the second air intake chamber 9 is divided into at least three second air intake diversion chambers by the partition plates. Specifically, the volume of each second air intake diversion chamber can be the same or different.

[0050] The pneumatic valve is installed on the first partition 17, and the first partition 17 is provided with a pneumatic valve mounting hole 6 for installing the pneumatic valve. There are multiple pneumatic valves, and the first air inlet chamber is connected to different second air inlet diversion chambers through different pneumatic valves. The opening pressures of the pneumatic valves arranged at the inlet ends of at least two second air inlet diversion chambers are different. Preferably, the opening pressures of the pneumatic valves arranged at the inlet ends of each of the second air inlet diversion chambers are different, that is, the air intake opening pressures of each second air inlet diversion chamber are different. Among them, the air inlet end of each second air inlet diversion chamber can be provided with at least two pneumatic valves. The number of pneumatic valves can also be the same as the number of second air inlet diversion chambers, that is, each second air inlet diversion chamber is intaked by an independently arranged pneumatic valve.

[0051] There are multiple reaction tube groups, which are connected one-to-one with the second air inlet chamber 9 . Each reaction tube group includes one or at least two reaction tubes 12 . The size of the reaction tubes 12 is determined according to actual needs.

[0052] The reaction tubes 12 are filled with a catalyst. The type of catalyst depends on the desired reaction gas and is not specifically limited in this application. Specifically, the catalyst is a solid catalyst, and the catalyst used in actual production processes can be selected. When the reaction gas flows through the reaction tubes 12, the relevant chemical reaction occurs under the action of the catalyst. Specifically, each reaction tube group preferably has at least three reaction tubes 12 to improve work efficiency.

[0053] The number of reaction tubes 12 in each reaction tube group can vary. Preferably, the number of reaction tubes 12 in each reaction tube group is the same, and all reaction tubes 12 are distributed in an array. Specifically, all reaction tubes 12 can be arranged in a circular array or a matrix. Preferably, the reaction tubes 12 are arranged at equal intervals to facilitate relatively uniform flow of air from each second air inlet diversion chamber into each reaction tube 12.

[0054] In one embodiment, all the second air inlet diversion chambers are arranged in a circular array, and each second air inlet diversion chamber has the same volume. Preferably, when projected along the direction of airflow in the reaction tube 12, the projected area of ​​the first support member 2 corresponding to each second air inlet diversion chamber is the same.

[0055] like Figure 4 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, preferably, second baffles 7 separate two adjacent second air inlet diversion chambers, and all second baffles 7 are connected at one end, and all second baffles 7 are radially distributed. In this case, the first support member 2 corresponding to each second diversion chamber is arranged in a fan shape. Preferably, the projection of each second diversion chamber on the first support member 2 is fan-shaped and has the same area.

[0056] In another embodiment, all the second air inlet diversion chambers are arranged in a matrix, and the volumes of the second air inlet diversion chambers are the same. In this case, the first support member 2 corresponding to each second air inlet diversion chamber is arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0057] like Figure 7 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 Specifically, the first support member 2 is provided with reaction tube mounting holes 18 for mounting reaction tubes 12. The number of reaction tube mounting holes 18 is the same as the number of reaction tubes 12, and they correspond one to one during installation. During installation, the reaction tubes 12 are inserted into the reaction tube mounting holes 18. When the pneumatic valve is open, the reaction gas flows through the reaction tube 12 corresponding to the second diversion chamber, where a reaction occurs. When the pneumatic valve is closed, the reaction tube 12 corresponding to the second diversion chamber does not participate in the reaction.

[0058] Specifically, the number of pneumatic valves is 2 to 20, and specifically 6 to 15. The reaction temperature in the shell-and-tube reactor is 50°C to 600°C, and the reaction pressure of the reaction gas is 0.1 MPa to 30 MPa, more preferably 1 MPa to 27 MPa, such as 1 MPa, 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa, 20 MPa, or 27 MPa.

[0059] The opening pressure of the pneumatic valve corresponding to the second air inlet diversion cavity is different and is distributed between 0.1MPa and 30MPa. Preferably, the opening pressure of the pneumatic valve is distributed between 2MPa and 30MPa.

[0060] When a shell-and-tube reactor is used, the reactant gas is introduced into the first inlet chamber 8 through the gas inlet 10. As the pressure in the first inlet chamber 8 varies, the pneumatic valves with different pressure tolerances open, while the pneumatic valves with pressure tolerances below the pressure tolerances close. Specifically, the reactant gas flows above the pneumatic valve 6. When its pressure is less than the valve's opening pressure, the corresponding pneumatic valve closes. When its pressure is greater than the valve's opening pressure, the corresponding pneumatic valve opens, and the reactant gas flows through the pneumatic valve into the corresponding reaction tube 12. A chemical reaction occurs under the action of the catalyst, generating the corresponding chemical product.

[0061] Specifically, the second partition 7 is perpendicular to the first support member 2 , and the length of the second partition 7 along the axis direction of the reaction tube 12 is 0.001 times to 0.3 times the length of the reaction tube 12 .

[0062] From the above description, it can be seen that in the shell-and-tube reactor provided in the specific embodiment of the present application, a second air inlet diversion chamber connected to different reaction tubes 12 is provided on the air inlet shell 4, and the number of pneumatic valves opened is different under different pressures, that is, the reaction is dynamically adjusted with the air flow pressure in the first air inlet chamber 8. Therefore, the fluctuation response capability of the shell-and-tube reactor provided in the present application is improved.

[0063] Based on the above solutions, preferably, a relatively constant temperature is maintained within the vessel body 1 by flowing a medium. Specifically, a liquid cooling channel is formed between two adjacent reaction tubes 12, and a liquid inlet 14 and a liquid outlet 11 are provided at opposite ends of the vessel body 1. Specifically, the liquid inlet 14 can be provided at the top of the vessel body 1, in which case the liquid outlet 11 is provided at the bottom of the vessel body 1. Considering the distance from which heat rises and to improve heat dissipation efficiency, it is preferred that the liquid inlet 14 be located at the bottom of the vessel body 1 and the liquid outlet 11 be located at the top of the vessel body 1.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 11 are arranged on opposite sides of the outer periphery of the device body 1 to avoid interference with other structures.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the shell-and-tube reactor further includes a baffle 13 provided in the liquid cooling channel. A plurality of baffles 13 are provided. The baffles 13 are sequentially spaced from the liquid inlet 14 to the liquid outlet 11 to form the liquid cooling channel into a curved channel. Specifically, a plurality of baffles 13 are arranged in the inner cavity along the vertical direction, and a water outlet is formed between the baffle 13 and the inner wall of the body 1; all the water outlets are staggered along the axial direction of the reaction tube 12, thereby forming a curved channel. The flow direction of the coolant is as follows: Figure 1 As shown by the arrows, the heat exchange efficiency in the body 1 is improved.

[0066] like Figure 1As shown, in a specific embodiment, the shell-and-tube reactor further includes a gas outlet housing 5, which is connected to the outer periphery of the second support member 3, and the gas outlet housing 5 and the second support member 3 support form a gas outlet chamber connected to the reaction tube 12. Specifically, the gas outlet chamber is arranged at the bottom end of the body 1. The gas outlet chamber is provided with an exhaust port 16 and a discharge port 19. The reaction synthesis gas and the unreacted gas flow out from the exhaust port 16, and the catalyst in the reaction tube 12 and the inert porcelain balls 15 in the gas outlet chamber are discharged from the discharge port 19. In order to prevent the catalyst and the inert porcelain balls 15 from being discharged from the exhaust port 16, a filter is provided at the position of the exhaust port 16. Specifically, a filter can also be provided at the bottom end of the reaction tube to prevent the catalyst from entering the gas outlet chamber. The filter is only taken out when the catalyst is discharged to achieve the catalyst falling and discharge.

[0067] In order to facilitate discharge, preferably, the body 1 is detachably connected to the gas outlet housing 5. When the catalyst is placed, it can be fed from the top of the reaction tube 12. In this case, preferably, the body 1 is detachably connected to the gas inlet housing 4.

[0068] In one embodiment, the shell-and-tube reactor further includes inert ceramic balls 15, which fill the gas outlet chamber. Specifically, the inert ceramic balls 15 may be inert alumina ceramic balls. The size of the inert ceramic balls 15 is set as needed, and the number of inert ceramic balls 15 is determined by the volume of the gas outlet chamber. Preferably, the inert ceramic balls 15 completely fill the gas outlet chamber.

[0069] The present application provides a methanol synthesis system including a carbon capture unit, an electrolytic hydrogen production unit and a methanol synthesis unit, wherein the carbon capture unit is used to capture carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. For example, the inlet of the carbon capture unit is connected to the outlet of the fossil energy utilization unit to capture carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas in the corresponding fossil energy utilization unit. The electrolytic hydrogen production unit is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and obtain hydrogen. For example, the inlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit is connected to the outlet of the renewable power generation unit, and dynamic renewable electricity is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and obtain hydrogen. Specifically, in the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the renewable power generation system is in a fully off-grid state, and the flow rate of the produced hydrogen is in a fluctuating state.

[0070] The methanol synthesis unit provided herein is any of the aforementioned shell-and-tube reactors, wherein the shell-and-tube reactor connects a carbon capture unit and a hydrogen electrolysis unit to obtain carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen as raw materials for the reaction. The number of reaction tubes 12 participating in the reaction is dynamically adjusted according to the pressure of the inlet gas to achieve dynamic methanol synthesis.

[0071] The methanol synthesis system also includes a gas treatment unit, an exhaust gas treatment unit and a methanol distillation unit. The inlet of the gas treatment unit is connected to the outlet of the carbon capture unit and the outlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit. According to the hydrogen production of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the gas inflow of the carbon capture unit is dynamically adjusted to configure a reaction gas with a certain proportion; the gas treatment unit can pressurize and preheat the reaction gas.

[0072] The gas inlet 10 of the methanol synthesis unit is connected to the outlet of the gas processing unit, and the number of reaction tubes 12 participating in the reaction is dynamically adjusted according to the pressure of the inlet gas to achieve dynamic methanol synthesis.

[0073] The tail gas treatment unit is connected to the outlet of the methanol synthesis unit to separate the methanol from the exhaust gas. The separated methanol gas is mixed with other gases. The methanol distillation unit is connected to the outlet of the tail gas treatment unit to distill the separated methanol.

[0074] In the gas processing unit, the crude syngas generated by coal gasification is deashed and desulfurized. The treated CO and CO₂ are then mixed with green hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water from renewable energy sources, with the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio adjusted to 2-5, for example, 3. The treated gas is then passed into the methanol synthesis unit. The pneumatic valves within the unit open and close according to the pressure of the incoming gas, and the syngas flows into the corresponding reaction tubes 12, where the methanol synthesis reaction occurs, producing methanol, water, and other byproducts. The methanol synthesis reaction is exothermic, so boiling water is introduced through the water inlet to remove the heat generated by the reaction and prevent the reactor from overheating and generating medium-pressure steam. The resulting product flows out of the reactor through the outlet and enters the tail gas treatment unit, producing crude methanol. The crude methanol then enters the methanol distillation unit, producing refined methanol.

[0075] The methanol synthesis system is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0076] Example 1:

[0077] Coal and hydrogen are used as raw materials to produce methanol. The catalyst is copper-based. Synthesis gas (reaction gas) pressure: 1Pa-12MPa, synthesis gas temperature: 240℃

[0078] First, the crude syngas generated by coal gasification is treated with ash and sulfur removal in a gas processing unit. Hydrogen is then introduced to adjust the syngas's hydrogen-to-carbon ratio to between 2 and 5. This adjusted mixture is then passed into the methanol synthesis unit. Adjusting the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio improves the reaction efficiency, avoiding incomplete reaction due to a low ratio or increased hydrogen cycle energy consumption due to a high ratio.

[0079] Assuming the rated reaction pressure of the methanol synthesis unit is 10 MPa, the reaction tube 12 in the methanol synthesis unit is accordingly divided into 12 equal parts. In this case, 12 second air inlet diversion cavities are provided, correspondingly equipped with 12 pneumatic valves, and the opening pressures of the pneumatic valves are evenly distributed between 1 MPa and 12 MPa.

[0080] When the syngas pressure is 1 MPa, only one pneumatic valve is open, and the syngas flows into the reaction tube 12 of the corresponding reaction tube group at a certain flow rate, generating methanol, water, and other chemical byproducts under the action of the copper-based catalyst. When the syngas pressure is 12 MPa, all pneumatic valves are open, and the syngas flows into all reaction tubes 12 at a certain flow rate, generating methanol, water, and other chemical byproducts under the action of the copper-based catalyst.

[0081] During the reaction, boiling water flows into the liquid cooling channel from the liquid inlet 14 and, under the action of the baffle 13 , takes away the heat generated by the reaction in the reaction tube 12 to generate medium-pressure steam, which flows out from the liquid outlet 11 .

[0082] In this embodiment, the methanol synthesis system can operate within a rated pressure range of 10%-120%, which broadens the reaction pressure range compared to conventional methanol synthesis systems.

[0083] Example 2:

[0084] This embodiment provides a method for coupling green hydrogen with dynamic methanol from coal chemical industry, which uses the methanol synthesis unit in Example 1 to synthesize methanol. The method for producing methanol from coal specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] Step 101: In the gas processing unit, the raw synthesis gas generated by coal gasification is subjected to ash removal and desulfurization treatment, and the treated CO and CO2 are mixed with green hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water using renewable energy, and the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is adjusted to 2-5, such as a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of 3.

[0086] Step 102: passing the treated gas through the tail gas treatment unit into the methanol synthesis unit.

[0087] Step 103: Based on the pressure of the incoming gas, the pneumatic valve in the methanol synthesis unit opens and closes within 15 seconds, and the synthesis gas flows into the corresponding reaction tube 12 to undergo a methanol synthesis reaction, generating methanol, water, and other by-products.

[0088] In step 104 , the generated product flows out of the methanol synthesis unit through the exhaust port 16 and enters the tail gas treatment unit to obtain crude methanol.

[0089] Step 105: The crude methanol enters the methanol distillation unit to obtain refined methanol.

[0090] In this embodiment, when the flow of hydrogen generated by electrolysis of water using renewable energy fluctuates, the flow of reactant gas entering the methanol synthesis unit also fluctuates. At this point, the methanol synthesis unit, under the action of a pneumatic valve, can adjust the number of reaction tubes 12 participating in the reaction within 15 seconds, quickly responding to flow fluctuations. Compared to traditional methanol synthesis reaction systems, this embodiment accelerates the system's ability to respond to fluctuations.

[0091] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0092] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A shell and tube reactor, characterized in that: include: A casing, comprising a body (1), a first support member (2) and a second support member (3), wherein the first support member (2) and the second support member (3) are connected to opposite ends of the body (1); An air intake housing (4), the air intake housing (4) being provided with an air intake port (10), the air intake housing (4) being sealedly connected to the outer periphery of the first support member (2), the air intake housing (4) being separated into a first air intake chamber (8) connected to the air intake port (10) and a second air intake chamber (9) connected to the first support member (2) by a first partition plate (17), the second air intake chamber (9) being divided into at least two second air intake diversion chambers by a second partition plate (7); a pneumatic valve, the pneumatic valve being mounted on the first partition (17), the pneumatic valve being provided in plurality, the first air inlet cavity being connected to different second air inlet diversion cavities via different pneumatic valves, and the opening pressures of the pneumatic valves provided at the inlet ends of at least two of the second air inlet diversion cavities being different; A reaction tube group is provided, wherein the reaction tube group is connected one-to-one with the second air inlet chamber (9), and each reaction tube group includes one or at least two reaction tubes (12), and the reaction tubes (12) are filled with catalyst.

2. The shell and tube reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the reaction tubes (12) in each reaction tube group is the same or different, and all the reaction tubes (12) are distributed in an array.

3. The shell and tube reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that All the second air inlet diversion chambers are distributed in a circular array, and each of the second air inlet diversion chambers has the same volume. When projected along the direction of the air flow in the reaction tube (12), the projected area of ​​the first support member (2) corresponding to each of the second air inlet diversion chambers is the same or different.

4. The shell and tube reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that The second partitions (7) separate two adjacent second air inlet diversion chambers, one end of all the second partitions (7) are connected, and all the second partitions (7) are radially distributed.

5. The shell and tube reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The opening pressures of the pneumatic valves provided at the inlet ends of each of the second air inlet diversion chambers are different.

6. The shell and tube reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that A liquid cooling channel is formed between two adjacent reaction tubes (12) inside the body (1), and opposite ends of the body (1) are respectively provided with a liquid inlet (14) and a liquid outlet (11).

7. The shell and tube reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that The shell-and-tube reactor further comprises a baffle (13) arranged in the liquid cooling channel, wherein a plurality of the baffles (13) are provided and the baffles (13) are sequentially spaced and arranged in a direction from the liquid inlet (14) to the liquid outlet (11) to form the liquid cooling channel into a bent channel.

8. The shell and tube reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The shell and tube reactor also includes: a gas outlet housing (5), the gas outlet housing (5) being connected to the outer periphery of the second support member (3), the gas outlet housing (5) and the second support member (3) supporting each other to form a gas outlet chamber communicating with the reaction tube (12), the gas outlet chamber being provided with an exhaust port (16) and a discharge port (19); Inert porcelain balls (15), the inert porcelain balls (15) fill the gas outlet chamber.

9. A methanol synthesis system, characterized in that: include: a carbon capture unit, wherein the carbon capture unit is used to capture carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; An electrolytic hydrogen production unit, wherein the electrolytic hydrogen production unit is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen to obtain hydrogen; A methanol synthesis unit, wherein the methanol synthesis unit is a shell-and-tube reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the methanol synthesis unit is connected to the carbon capture unit and the electrolytic hydrogen production unit to obtain carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen as raw materials for reaction.

10. The methanol synthesis system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: A gas processing unit, wherein the inlet of the gas processing unit is connected to the outlet of the carbon capture unit and the outlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, and the gas inflow of the carbon capture unit is dynamically adjusted according to the hydrogen production of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit to configure a reaction gas with a certain ratio; the gas processing unit is capable of pressurizing and preheating the reaction gas, the air inlet (10) of the methanol synthesis unit is connected to the outlet of the gas processing unit, and the number of reaction tubes (12) participating in the reaction in the methanol synthesis unit is dynamically adjusted according to the pressure of the gas at the air inlet (10) to achieve dynamic methanol synthesis; A tail gas treatment unit connected to the outlet of the methanol synthesis unit to separate methanol from the exhaust gas of the methanol synthesis unit; A methanol distillation unit is connected to the outlet of the tail gas treatment unit to distill the separated methanol.

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